PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM

(Autonomous) R23
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

COURSE STRUCTURE AND SYLLABUS

For

B.Tech.
Electronics and Communication Engineering
(for 2024-25 Admitted)

PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(An Autonomous Institution)
ADB Road, Surampalem, Kakinada District, A.P.-533 437
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Permanently Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada)
(Recognized by UGC under sections 2 (f) and 12 (b) of UGC act, 1956)
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE STRUCTURE

INDUCTION PROGRAMME

S.No. Course Name Category L T P Credits

Physical Activities -- Sports, Yoga and
1 MC 0 0 6 0
Meditation, Plantation
2 Career Counselling MC 2 0 2 0
Orientation to all branches -- career options,
3 MC 3 0 0 0
tools, etc.
Orientation on admitted Branch --
4 EC 2 0 3 0
corresponding labs, tools and platforms
5 Proficiency Modules & Productivity Tools ES 2 1 2 0
Assessment on basic aptitude and
6 MC 2 0 3 0
mathematical skills
7 Remedial Training in Foundation Courses MC 2 1 2 0
8 Human Values & Professional Ethics MC 3 0 0 0
Communication Skills -- focus on Listening,
9 BS 2 1 2 0
Speaking, Reading, Writing skills
10 Concepts of Programming ES 2 0 2 0
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I YEAR – I SEMESTER
Sl. Course
Category Course Title L T P Credits
No Code
1 BS&H 24BE101T Communicative English 2 0 0 2
2 BS&H 24BM101T Linear Algebra and Calculus 3 0 0 3
3 BS&H 24BC102T Chemistry 3 0 0 3
Engineering Basic Civil and Mechanical
4 24CM101T 3 0 0 3
Science Engineering
Engineering
5 24CS101T Introduction to Programming 3 0 0 3
Science
Engineering
6 24ME102P Engineering Workshop 0 0 3 1.5
Science
7 BS&H 24BE101P Communicative English Laboratory 0 0 2 1
Engineering
8 24CS101P Computer Programming Laboratory 0 0 3 1.5
Science
9 BS&H 24BC102P Chemistry Laboratory 0 0 2 1
10 BS&H 24MH101P Health and wellness, Yoga and sports 0 0 1 0.5
Total Credits 19.5

I YEAR – II SEMESTER
Sl. Course
Category Course Title L T P Credits
No Code
1 BS&H 24BP201T Engineering Physics 3 0 0 3
Differential equations and Vector
2 BS&H 24BM201T 3 0 0 3
Calculus
Engineering Basic Electrical and Electronics
3 24EE201T 3 0 0 3
Science Engineering
Engineering
4 24ME201T Engineering Graphics 1 0 4 3
Science
Professional
5 24EC201T Network Analysis 3 0 0 3
Core
6 BS&H 24BP201P Engineering Physics Laboratory 0 0 2 1
Engineering Electrical and Electronics
7 24EE201P 0 0 3 1.5
Science Engineering Workshop
Professional Network Analysis and Simulation
8 24EC201P 0 0 3 1.5
Core Laboratory
Engineering
9 24IT201P IT Workshop 0 0 2 1
Science
NSS/NCC/Scouts and
10 BS&H 24MH202P 0 0 1 0.5
Guides/Community Service
Total Credits 20.5
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR – I SEMESTER
Sl. Course
Category Course Title L T P Credits
No Code
Probability theory and stochastic
1 BS 24EC301T 3 0 0 3
process
Universal Human Values–
2 HSMC 24HM301T Understanding Harmony and 2 1 0 3
Ethical Human Conduct
Engineering
3 24EC302T Signals and Systems 3 0 0 3
Science
4 Professional Core 24EC303T Electronic Devices and Circuits 3 0 0 3
Switching Theory and Logic
5 Professional Core 24EC304T 3 0 0 3
Design
Electronic Devices and Circuits
6 Professional Core 24EC303P 0 0 3 1.5
Laboratory
Switching Theory and Logic
7 Professional Core 24EC304P Design 0 0 3 1.5
Laboratory
Skill Enhancement
8 24CS301S Data Structures using Python 0 1 2 2
Course
9 Audit Course 24BC301T Environmental Science 2 0 0 -
Total Credits 20.5

II YEAR – II SEMESTER
Sl. Course
Category Course Title L T P Credits
No Code
Management Managerial Economics
1 Course- I 24HM401T and 2 0 0 2
Financial Analysis
Engineering
2 24EC402T Linear Control Systems 3 0 0 3
Science
Electromagnetic Waves
3 Professional Core 24EC403T and 3 0 0 3
Transmission Lines
4 Professional Core 24EC404T Electronic Circuit Analysis 3 0 0 3
5 Professional Core 24EC405T Analog Communications 3 0 0 3
6 Professional Core 24EC401P Signals and Systems Laboratory 0 0 3 1.5
Electronic Circuit Analysis
7 Professional Core 24EC404P 0 0 3 1.5
Laboratory
Skill
8 Enhancement 24BE401S Soft Skills 0 1 2 2
course
Engineering
9 24HM401P Design Thinking &Innovation 1 0 2 2
Science
Total Credits 21
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year I Semester
COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Humanities Course Code 24BE101T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 2-0-0-2
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
LSRW Skills. Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The main objective of introducing this course, Communicative English, is to facilitate
1
effective listening, Reading, Speaking and Writing skills among the students.
It enhances the same in their comprehending abilities, oral presentations, reporting useful information
2 and providing knowledge of grammatical structures and vocabulary.
This course helps the students to make them effective in speaking and writing skills and to
3
make them industry ready.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Understand the context, topic, and pieces of specific information from social
CO1 K2
or Transactional dialogues.
CO2 Apply grammatical structures to formulate sentences and correct word forms. K3
Analyze discourse markers to speak clearly on a specific topic in informal
CO3 K4
discussions.
CO4 Evaluate reading/listening texts and to write summaries based on glob K5
CO5 Create a coherent paragraph, essay, and resume. K4
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 - - - - - - - - - 3 - -
CO2 - - - - - - - - - 2 - -
CO3 - - - - - - - - - 3 - -
CO4 - - - - - - - - - 2 - -
CO5 - - - - - - - - - 2 - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT I
Lesson: HUMAN VALUES: Gift of Magi (Short Story)
Listening: Identifying the topic, the context and specific pieces of information by listening to short audio
texts and answering a series of questions.
Speaking: Asking and answering general questions on familiar topics such as home, family, work, studies
and interests; introducing oneself and others.
Reading: Skimming to get the main idea of a text; scanning to look for specific pieces of information.
Writing: Mechanics of Writing- Capitalization, Spellings, Punctuation-Parts of Sentences.
Grammar: Parts of Speech, Basic Sentence Structures- forming questions.
Vocabulary: Synonyms, Antonyms, Affixes (Prefixes/Suffixes), Root words.

UNIT II
Lesson: NATURE: The Brook by Alfred Tennyson (Poem)
Listening: Answering a series of questions about main ideas and supporting ideas after listening to audio
texts.
Speaking: Discussion in pairs/ small groups on specific topics followed by short structure talks.
Reading: Identifying sequence of ideas; recognizing verbal techniques that help to link the ideas in a
paragraph together.
Writing: Structure of a paragraph - Paragraph writing (specific topics)
Grammar: Cohesive devices – linkers, use of articles and zero article; Prepositions.
Vocabulary: Homonyms ,Homophones, Homographs.

UNIT III
Lesson: BIOGRAPHY: ElonMusk
Listening: Listening for global comprehension and summarizing what is listened to.
Speaking: Discussing specific topics in pairs or small groups and reporting what is discussed.
Reading: Reading a text in detail by making basic inferences - recognizing and interpreting specific context
clues; strategies to use text clues for comprehension.
Writing: Summarizing, Note-making, paraphrasing.
Grammar: Verbs-tenses; subject-verb agreement; Compound words, Collocations.
Vocabulary: Compound words, Collocations.

UNIT IV
Lesson: INSPIRATION: The Toys o f Peace by Saki
Listening : Making predictions while listening to conversations/ transactional dialogues without video;
listening with video.
Speaking: Role plays for practice of conversational English in academic contexts (formal and informal) -
asking for and giving information/directions.
Reading : Studying the use of graphic elements in texts to convey information, reveal
trends/patterns/relationships, communicate processes or display complicated data.
Writing: Letter Writing: Official Letters, Resumes
Grammar: Reporting verbs, Direct & Indirect speech, Active & Passive Voice
Vocabulary : Words often confused, Jargons.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

UNIT V
Lesson: MOTIVATION : The Power of Intrapersonal Communication (An Essay)
Listening: Identifying key terms, understanding concepts and answering a series of relevant questions that
test comprehension.
Speaking: Formal oral presentations on topics from academic contexts.
Reading: Reading comprehension.
Writing: Writing structured essays on specific topics.
Grammar: Editing short texts – identifying and correcting common errors in grammar and usage (articles,
prepositions, tenses, subject verb agreement)
Vocabulary : Technical Jargons.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Path finder: Communicative English for Undergraduate Students, 1st Edition, Orient Black Swan, 2023. (Units1,2
& 3)
2. Empowering with Language by Cengage Publications, 2023(Units4 &5).

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Dubey, ShamJi & Co. English for Engineers, Vikas Publishers, 2020
2. Bailey, Stephen. Academic writing: A Handbook for International Students. Routledge, 2014
3. Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar in Use, Fourth Edition, Cambridge University Press,2019.
4. Lewis, Norman. Word Power Made Easy- The Complete Handbook for Building a Superior Vocabulary. Anchor,
2014.

WEB RESOURCES
1. www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish
2. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/
3. www.eslpod.com/index.html
4. https://www.learngrammar.net/
5. https://english4today.com/english-grammar-online-with-quizzes/
6. https://www.talkenglish.com/grammar/grammar.aspx

VOCABULARY
1. https://www.youtube.com/c/DailyVideoVocabulary/videos
2. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4cmBAit8i_NJZE8qK8sfpA
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year I Semester
LINEAR ALGEBRA AND CALCULUS
(Common to All Branches)
Course
Basic Sciences Course Code 24BM101T
Category
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Prerequisites Matrix Algebra, Limits, Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Continuity, Differentiability Semester End Examination 70
and inerrability Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
To equip the students with standard concepts and tools at an intermediate to advanced level
mathematics to develop the confidence and ability among the students to handle various real-world
problems and their applications.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Developanduseofmatrixalgebratechniquesthatareneededbyengineersforpractical
CO1 K3
applications.
Find the Eigen values and Eigen vectors and able to reduce the given quadratic
CO2 K3
form into canonical form by orthogonal transformation.
CO3 Utilize mean value theorems to real life problems. K3
Familiarize with functions of several variables which is useful in optimization
CO4 K3
& learn important tools of calculus in higher dimensions
Familiarize with double and triple integrals of functions of several variables in
CO5 two dimensions using Cartesian and polar coordinates and in three dimensions K3
using cylindrical and spherical coordinates.
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - -
CO2 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - -
CO3 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - -
CO4 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - -
CO5 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT I - Matrices:
Rank of a matrix by echelon form, normal form. Cauchy–Binet formulae (without proof). Inverse of
Non- singular matrices by Gauss-Jordan method, System of linear equations: Solving system of
Homogeneous linear equations and solving Non-Homo generous linear equations by Gauss elimination
method, Gauss Jacobi and Gauss Seidel Iteration Methods.
UNIT II - Eigen values, Eigenvectors and Orthogonal Transformation:
Eigen values, Eigenvectors and their properties, Cayley-Hamilton Theorem (without proof), finding
inverse and power of a matrix by Cayley-Hamilton Theorem, Diagonalization of a matrix, Quadratic
forms and Nature of the Quadratic Forms, Reduction of Quadratic form to canonical forms by
Orthogonal Transformation.
UNIT III - Calculus:
Mean Value Theorems: Rolle’s Theorem, Lagrange’s mean value theorem with their geometrical
interpretation, Cauchy’s mean value theorem, Taylor’s and Maclaurin theorems with remainders (without
proof), Problems and applications on the above theorems. Taylor’s and Maclaurin series.
UNIT IV - Partial differentiation and Applications (Multi variable calculus):
Functions of several variables: Continuity and Differentiability, Partial derivatives, total derivatives,
chain rule, Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s series expansion of functions of two variables. Jacobians,
Functional dependence, maxima and minima of functions of two variables, method of Lagrange
multipliers.
UNIT V - Multiple Integrals (Multi variable Calculus):
Double integrals, change of order of integration, triple integrals, change of variables to polar,
cylindrical and spherical coordinates. Finding areas (by double integrals) and volumes (by
double integrals and triple integrals).

TEXT BOOKS
1. Higher Engineering Mathematics, B. S. Grewal, Khanna Publishers, 2017, 44th Edition
2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Erwin Kreyszig, John Wiley & Sons, 2018, 10th Edition.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Thomas Calculus, George B. Thomas, Maurice D. Weir and Joel Hass, Pearson Publishers, 2018,
14th Edition.
2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, R. K. Jain and S. R. K. Iyengar, Alpha Science International
Ltd., 2021 5th Edition (9th reprint).
3. Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics, Glyn James, Pearson publishers, 2018, 5th Edition.
4. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Micheael Greenberg, , Pearson publishers, 9th edition.
5. Higher Engineering Mathematics, H. K Das, Er. RajnishVerma, S. Chand Publications,2014, Third
Edition (Reprint 2021)
6. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by H. K Dass, S. ChandPublications,2022, 22nd Edition(Reprint
2022).
WEB RESOURCES
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_of_linear_equations
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigenvalues_and_eigenvectors
3. https://www.math.hmc.edu/calculus/tutorials/eigenstuff/
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadratic_form
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_derivative
7. https://www.whitman.edu/mathematics/calculus_online/section14.03.html
8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_integral
9. http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/CalcIII/MultipleIntegralsIntro.aspx
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year I Semester
BASIC CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(Common to EEE, ECE, CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Engineering Science Course Code 24CM101T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

PART-A : BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 Get familiarized with the scope and importance of Civil Engineering sub-divisions
2 Introduce the preliminary concepts of surveying.
3 Acquire preliminary knowledge on Transportation and its importance in nation’s economy.
4 Get familiarized with the importance of quality, conveyance and storage of water.
5 Introduction to basic civil engineering materials and construction techniques.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Enlist various basic characteristics and sub-divisions of Civil Engineering, pre-fabricated
CO1 materials and technology to appreciate their role in ensuring better society.
K2
CO2 Illustrate the concepts of surveying and basics of Foundation Engineering. K3
Know the significance of various domains in transportation engineering and be acquitted
CO3 with types of pavements. Get an overview about Environmental Engineering and Water K3
Resource Engineering.
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 2 - - - - - - - - - - -
CO2 1 1 - - - - - - - - - 1
CO3 1 1 1 - - 2 - - 1 - - 1
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT I
Basics of Civil Engineering: Role of Civil Engineers in Society- Various Disciplines of Civil Engineering-
Structural Engineering- Geo-technical Engineering- Transportation Engineering -Hydraulics and Water Resources
Engineering - Environmental Engineering-Scope of each discipline - Building Construction and Planning-
Construction Materials-Cement- Aggregate -Bricks-Stones-Sand-Cement Concrete-Steel-Timber. Introduction to
Prefabricated construction Techniques.

UNIT II
Surveying : Objectives of Surveying- Horizontal Measurements- Angular MeasurementsIntroduction to Bearings
Levelling instruments used for levelling -Simple problems on levelling and bearings-Contour mapping.
Foundations: Types of foundations — Bearing capacity and settlement — Requirement of good foundations.

UNIT III
Transportation Engineering: Importance of Transportation in Nation's economic development- Types of
Highway Pavements- Flexible Pavements and Rigid Pavements - Simple Differences. Basics of Harbour,
Tunnel, Airport, and Railway Engineering.
Water Resources and Environmental Engineering: Introduction, Sources of water- Quality of water-
Specifications- Introduction to Hydrology–Rainwater Harvesting-Water Storage and Conveyance Structures (Simple
introduction to Dams and Reservoirs).

TEXT BOOKS
1. Basic Civil Engineering, M.S.Palanisamy, Tata Mcgraw Hill publications (India) Pvt. Ltd. Fourth Edition.
2. Introduction to Civil Engineering, S.S. Bhavikatti, New Age International Publishers. 2022. First Edition.
3. Basic Civil Engineering, SatheeshGopi, Pearson Publications, 2009, First Edition.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Surveying, Vol- I and Vol-II, S.K. Duggal, Tata McGraw Hill Publishers 2019. Fifth Edition.
2. Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering, Santosh Kumar Garg, Khanna Publishers, Delhi. 2016
3. Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulic Structures - Santosh Kumar Garg, Khanna Publishers, Delhi 2023.
38th Edition.
4. Highway Engineering, S.K.Khanna, C.E.G. Justo and Veeraraghavan, Nemchand and Brothers Publications
2019. 10th Edition.
5. Indian Standard DRINKING WATER — SPECIFICATION IS 10500-2012.

WEB RESOURCES
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/105101087
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/105104101
3. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/105104103
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

PART – B: BASIC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 Get familiarized with the scope and importance of Mechanical Engineering in different sectors and industries.
2 Explain different engineering materials and different manufacturing processes.
Provide an overview of different thermal and mechanical transmission systems and introduce basics of robotics and its
3
applications.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Understand the different manufacturing processes. K2
CO2 Explain the basics of thermal engineering and its applications. K3
Describe the working of different mechanical power transmission systems, power plants and
CO3 K3
basics of robotics and its applications.
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes (1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 - - - - - - - - - 2 -
CO2 3 - - - - - - - - - 2 -
CO3 3 - - - - - - - - - 2 -

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT –I -
Introduction to Mechanical Engineering: Role of Mechanical Engineering in Industries and Society- Technologies in different
sectors such as Energy, Manufacturing, Automotive, Aerospace, and Marine sectors.
Engineering Materials - Metals-Ferrous and Non-ferrous, Ceramics, Composites, Smart materials.
UNIT - II
Manufacturing Processes: Principles of Casting, Forming, joining processes, Machining, Introduction to CNC machines, 3D
printing, and Smart manufacturing.
Thermal Engineering – working principle of Boilers, Otto cycle, Diesel cycle, Refrigeration and air-conditioning cycles, IC
engines, 2-Stroke and 4-Stroke engines, SI/CI Engines, Components of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles.
UNIT - III
Power plants – working principle of Steam, Diesel, Hydro, Nuclear power plants.
Mechanical Power Transmission - Belt Drives, Chain, Rope drives, Gear Drives and their applications.
Introduction to Robotics - Joints & links, configurations, and applications of robotics.
(Note: The subject covers only the basic principles of Civil and Mechanical Engineering systems. The evaluation shall be intended
to test only the fundamentals of the subject)
Textbooks:
1. Internal Combustion Engines by V.Ganesan, By Tata McGraw Hill publications (India) Pvt. Ltd.
2. A Tear book of Theory of Machines by S.S. Rattan, Tata McGraw Hill Publications, (India) Pvt. Ltd.
3. An introduction to Mechanical Engg by Jonathan Wicker and Kemper Lewis, Cengage learning India Pvt. Ltd.
Reference Books:
1. Appuu Kuttan KK, Robotics, I.K. International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd. Volume-I.
2. 3D printing & Additive Manufacturing Technology- L. Jyothish Kumar, Pulak M Pandey, Springer publications.
3. Thermal Engineering by Mahesh M Rathore Tata McGraw Hill publications (India) Pvt. Ltd.
4. G. Shanmugam and M.S.Palanisamy, Basic Civil and the Mechanical Engineering, Tata McGraw Hill publications (India) Pvt.
Ltd.
Web References:
1. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-000-how-and-why-machines-work-spring-2002/
2. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-008-design-and-manufacturing-ii-spring-2004/
3. https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/2-12-introduction-to-robotics-fall-2005/
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year I Semester
INTRODUCTIONTOPROGRAMMING
(Common to All Branches)

Course Category Engineering Science Course Code 24CS101T

Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSEOBJECTIVES
1 To introduce students to the fundamentals of computer programming.
2 To provide hands-on experience with coding and debugging.
3 To foster logical thinking and problem-solving skills using programming.
4 Tofamiliarizestudentswithprogrammingconceptssuchasdatatypes,control structures, functions
and arrays.
5 To encourage collaborative e learning and team work in coding projects.

COURSEOUTCOMES
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be ableto : Cognitive
Level
CO1 Understand basics of computers, the concept of algorithm and algorithmic K3
thinking.
CO2 Analyze a problem and develop an algorithm to solve it. K4
CO3 Implement various algorithms using the C programming language. K5
CO4 Understand more advanced features of C language. K3
CO5 Developproblem-solvingskillsandtheabilitytodebugandoptimizethecode. K4
K1-Remembering,K2-Understanding,K3-Applying,K4-Analyzing,K5-Evaluating,K6-Creating

ContributionofCourseOutcomestowardsachievementofProgramOutcomes(1– Low,
2 -Medium, 3– High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
CO2 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
CO3 3 3 3 2 1 - - - - - - -
CO4 2 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
CO5 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT-I
Introduction to Programming and Problem Solving
History of Computers, Basic organization of a computer: ALU, input-output units, memory, program
counter, Introduction to Programming Languages, Basics of a Computer Program- Algorithms,
flowcharts (Using Dia Tool), pseudo code. Introduction to Compilation and Execution, Primitive Data
Types, Variables and Constants, Basic Input and Output, Operations, Type Conversion and Casting.
Problem solving techniques: Algorithmic approach, characteristics of algorithm, Problem solving
strategies: Top-down approach, Bottom-up approach, Time and space complexities of algorithms.

UNIT-II
Control Structures
Simple sequential programs, Conditional Statements (if, if-else, switch), Loops (for, while, do-while)
Break and Continue, Programming Examples.

UNIT-III
Arrays and Strings
Arrays indexing, memory model, programs with array of integers, two dimensional arrays, Arrays
Applications , Introduction to Strings, String input and output functions, String handling functions.

UNIT-IV
Pointers & User Defined Data types
Pointers, dereferencing and address operators, pointer and address arithmetic, array manipulation using
pointers, User-defined data types-Structures and Unions.

UNIT-V
Functions& File Handling
Introduction to Functions, Function Declaration and Definition, Function call Return Types and
Arguments, modifying parameters inside functions using pointers, arrays as parameters. Scope and Life
time of Variables, Storage Classes, Basics of File Handling.
Note: The syllabus is designed with C Language as the fundamental language of implementation.

TEXTBOOKS
1. "The C Programming Language", Brian W.Kernighan and Dennis M.Ritchie, Prentice-Hall,2005, 2nd Edition
2. Schaum’s Outline of Programming with C,Byron S Gottfried, McGraw-Hill Education,4th edition, 2018

REFERENCEBOOKS
1. Computing fundamentals and C Programming, Balaguruswamy,E., Mc Graw-Hill Education, 7th Edition, 2017
2. Programming in C, Rema Theraja, Oxford,2016,2ndedition
3. C Programming, A ProblemSolvingApproach,Forouzan,Gilberg,Prasad,CENGAGE,3rdedition, 2009

WEB RESOURCES
1. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/106104128/
2. http://students.iitk.ac.in/programmingclub/course/#notes
3. http://c-faq.com/~scs/cclass/cclass.html
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year I Semester
ENGINEERING WORKSHOP
(Common to EEE, ECE, CSE(CS) and IT)

Course Category Engineering Science Course Code 24ME102P

Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-3-1.5
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
To familiarize students with wood working, sheet metal operations, fitting and electrical house wiring
skills

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Identify workshop tools and their operational capabilities. K2
Practice on manufacturing of components using workshop trades including fitting,
CO2 carpentry, foundry and welding.
K3
CO3 Apply knowledge in preparation of pipe joints and practice of Plumbing tools. K3
CO4 Apply basic electrical engineering knowledge for House Wiring Practice K3
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 - 3 1 3 - - - - 3 - -
CO2 3 - 3 1 3 - - - - 3 - -
CO3 3 - 3 1 3 - - - - 3 - -
CO4 3 - 3 1 3 - - - - 3 - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

1.Demonstration: Safety practices and precautions to be observed in workshop.

2. Wood Working: Familiarity with different types of woods and tools used in wood working and make
following joints.
a) Half – Lap joint b) Mortise and Tenon joint c) Corner Dovetail joint or Bridle joint

3. Sheet Metal Working: Familiarity with different types of tools used in sheet metal working, Developments
of following sheet metal job from GI sheets.
a) Tapered tray b) Conical funnel c) Elbow pipe d) Brazing

4. Fitting: Familiarity with different types of tools used in fitting and do the following fitting exercises.
a) V-fit b) Dovetail fit c) Semi-circular fit d) Bicycle tire puncture and change of two-wheeler tire

5. Electrical Wiring: Familiarity with different types of basic electrical circuits and make the following
connections.
a) Parallel and series b) Two-way switch c) Godown lighting d) Tube light e) Three phase motor f) Soldering of
wires

6. Foundry Trade: Demonstration and practice on Moulding tools and processes, Preparation of Green Sand
Moulds for given Patterns.

7. Welding Shop: Demonstration and practice on Arc Welding and Gas welding. Preparation of Lap joint and
Butt joint.

8. Plumbing: Demonstration and practice of Plumbing tools, Preparation of Pipe joints with coupling for same
diameter and with reducer for different diameters.
Note: Minimum of 12 Experiments to be conducted from the above covering all the trades.

Textbooks:
1. Basic Workshop Technology: Manufacturing Process, Felix W.; Independently Published,2019. Workshop
Processes, Practices and Materials; Bruce J. Black, Routledge publishers, 5th Edn. 2015.
2. A Course in Workshop Technology Vol I. & II, B.S. Raghuwanshi, DhanpathRai& Co., 2015 & 2017.

Reference Books:
1. Elements of Workshop Technology, Vol. I by S. K. HajraChoudhury& Others, Media Promoters and
Publishers, Mumbai. 2007, 14th edition
2. Workshop Practice by H. S. Bawa, Tata-McGraw Hill, 2004.
3. Wiring Estimating, Costing and Contracting; Soni P.M. &Upadhyay P.A.; AtulPrakashan, 2021-22.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year I Semester
COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH LABORATORY
(Common to EEE, ECE, CSE(CS) and IT)

Course Category Humanities Course Code 24BE101P

Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-2-1
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
LSRW Skills Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The main objective of introducing this course, Communicative English Laboratory, is to expose
1
the students to a variety of self-instructional, learner friendly modes of language learning.
The students will get trained in basic communication skills and also make them ready
2
to face job interviews.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Understand the different aspects of the English language proficiency with
CO1 K2
emphasis on LSRW skills.
CO2 Apply communication skills through various language learning activities. K3
Analyze the English speech sounds, stress, rhythm, intonation and syllable
CO3 K4
division for better listening and speaking comprehension.
Evaluate and exhibit professionalism in participating in debates and group
CO4 K5
discussions.
Able to present ideas effectively and manage interviews
CO5 K4
confidently.
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 - - - - - - - - - 3 - -
CO2 - - - - - - - - - 3 - -
CO3 - - - - - - - - - 2 - -
CO4 - - - - - - - - - 2 - -
CO5 - - - - - - - - - 2 - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT - I
Vowels & Consonants.
Neutralization/Accent Rules.
UNIT - II
Communication Skills & JAM.
Role Play or Conversational Practice.
UNIT - III
E-mail Writing.
Resume Writing, Cover letter, SOP.
UNIT - IV
Group Discussions-methods & practice.
Debates-Methods &Practice.
UNIT - V
PPT Presentations/ Poster Presentation.
Interviews Skills.
Laboratory Manual Lab Book
1. Strengthen Your Steps: A Multi-Model Course in Communication Skills published by Maruti Publications

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Raman Meenakshi, Sangeeta-Sharma. Technical Communication. Oxford Press.2018.
2. Taylor Grant: English Conversation Practice, Tata McGraw- Hill Education India,2016
3. Hewing’s, Martin. Cambridge Academic English (B2).CUP,2012.
4. J.Sethi & P.V.Dhamija. A Course in Phonetics and Spoken English,(2ndEd),Kindle, 2013

WEB RESOURCES
Spoken English:
1. www.esl-lab.com
2. www.englishmedialab.com
3. www.englishinteractive.net
4. https://www.britishcouncil.in/english/online
5. http://www.letstalkpodcast.com/
6. https://www.youtube.com/c/mmmEnglish_Emma/featured
7. https://www.youtube.com/c/ArnelsEverydayEnglish/featured
8. https://www.youtube.com/c/engvidAdam/featured
9. https://www.youtube.com/c/EnglishClass101/featured
10. https://www.youtube.com/c/SpeakEnglishWithTiffani/playlists
11. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCV1h_cBE0Drdx19qkTM0WNw
Voice & Accent:
1. https://www.youtube.com/user/letstalkaccent/videos
2. https://www.youtube.com/c/EngLanguageClub/featured
3. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_OskgZBoS4dAnVUgJVexc
4. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNfm92h83W2i2ijc5Xwp_IA
Suggested Software:
1. Walden Infotech
2. Young India Films
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year I Semester
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LABORATORY
(Common to All Branches)
Course Category Engineering Science Course Code 24CS101P
Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-3-1.5
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The course aims to give students hands–on experience and train the month e concepts of the C-
programming language.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to: Cognitive
Level
CO1 Read, understand, and trace the execution of programs written in C language. K3
CO2 Select the right control structure for solving the problem. K3
CO3 Develop C programs which utilize memory efficiently using programming K3
Constructs like pointers.
CO4 Develop, Debug and Execute programs to demonstrate the Applications of K5
arrays, functions, basic concepts of pointer sin C.
K1-Remembering,K2-Understanding,K3-Applying,K4-Analyzing,K5-Evaluating,K6-Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1– Low,2 -Medium, 3– High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
CO2 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
CO3 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
CO4 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT
WEEK 1
Objective: Getting familiar with the programming environment on the computer and writing the first program.
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 1 :Problem-solving using Computers.
Lab1:Familiarization with programming environment
i. Basic Linux environment and its editors likeVi,Vim & Emacsetc.
ii. Exposure to Turbo C, gcc
iii. Writing simple programs using printf(),scanf()
WEEK 2
Objective: Getting familiar with how to formally describe a solution to a problem in a series of finite steps both using textual notation
and graphic notation.
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 2:Problem-solving using Algorithms and Flowcharts.
Lab 2:Converting algorithms /flowcharts into C Source code.
Developing the algorithms/flowcharts for the following sample programs
i) Sum and average of 3numbers
ii) Conversion of Fahrenheit to Celsius and vice versa
iii) Simple interest calculation
WEEK 3
Objective: Learn how to define variables with the desired data-type, initialize them with appropriate values and how arithmetic
operators can be used with variables and constants.
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 3:Variable types and type conversions:
Lab3:Simple computational problems using arithmetic expressions.
i) Finding the square root of a given number
ii) Finding compound interest
iii) Area of a triangle using heron’s formulae
iv) Distance travelled by an object
WEEK4
Objective : Explore the full scope of expressions, type-compatibility of variables & constants and operators used in the expression
and how operator precedence works.
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 4: Operators and the precedence and as associatively:
Lab 4:Simple computational problems using the operator’ precedence and associatively
i) Evaluate the following expressions.
a. A+B*C+(D*E)+F*G
b. A/B*C-B+A*D/3
c. A+++B---A
d. J=(i++)+(++i)
ii) Find the maximum of three numbers using conditional operator
iii) Takemarksof5subjectsinintegers, and find the total, average in float
WEEK5
Objective: Explore the full scope of different variants of ―if construct‖ namely if-else, null- else, if-else if*-else, switch and nested-if
including in what scenario each one of them can be used and how to use them. Explore all relational and logical operators while
writing conditionals for ―if construct‖.
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 5: Branching and logical expressions:
Lab 5: Problems involving if-then-else structures.
i) Write a C program to find them axandm in off our numbers using if-else.
ii) Write a C program to generate electricity bill.
iii) Find the roots of the quadratic equation.
iv) Write a C program to simulate a calculator using switch case.
v) Write a C program to find the given year is a leap year or not.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

WEEK6
Objective : Explore the full scope of iterative constructs namely while loop, do-while loop and for loop in addition to structured jump
constructs like break and continue including when each of these statements is more appropriate to use.
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 6: Loops, while and for loops
Lab 6:Iterativeproblemse.g.,the sum of series
i) Find the factorial of given number using any loop.
ii) Find the given number is a prime or not.
iii) Computes in e and cos series
iv) Checking a number palindrome
v) Construct a pyramid of numbers.
WEEK7
Objective: Explore the full scope of Arrays construct namely defining and initializing 1-D and 2-Dand more generically n-D arrays
and referencing individual array elements from the defined array. Using integer 1-Darrays,explore search solution linear search.
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 7:1DArrays: searching.
Lab 7: 1D Array manipulation, linear search
i) Find the min and max of a1-D integer array.
ii) Perform linear search on 1 D array.
iii) There verse of a 1 D integer array
iv) Find 2’s complement of the given binary number.
v) Eliminate duplicate elements in an array.
WEEK8
Objective: Explore the difference between other arrays and character arrays that can be used as Strings by using null character and
get comfortable with string by doing experiments that will reverse a string and concatenate two strings. Explore sorting solution
bubble sort using integer arrays.
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 8: 2 D arrays, sorting and Strings.
Lab8: Matrix problems, String operations, Bubble sort
i) Addition of two matrices
ii) Multiplication two matrices
iii) Sort array elements using bubble sort
iv) Concatenate two strings without built-in functions
v) Reverse a string using built-in and without built-in string functions
WEEK9
Objective: Explore pointers to manage a dynamic array of integers, including memory allocation & amp; value initialization,
resizing changing and reordering the contents of an array and memory de-allocation using malloc (), calloc (), realloc () and free ()
functions. Gain experience processing command-line arguments received by C
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 9:Pointers, structures and dynamic memory allocation
Lab 9:Pointers and structures, memory dereference.
i) Write a C program to find the sum of a1Darrayusingmalloc()
ii) Write a C program to find the total, average of n students using structures
iii) Entern students data using calloc() and display failed students list
iv) Readstudentnameandmarksfromthecommandlineanddisplaythestudentdetailsalongwith the total.
v) Write a C program to implement realloc ()
WEEK10
Objective : Experiment with C Structures, Unions, bit fields and self-referential structures (Singly linked lists) and nested structures
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 10: Bit fields, Self-Referential Structures, Linked lists
Lab 10: Bit fields, linked lists
Read and print a date using dd/mm/yyyy format using bit-fields and differentiate the same without using bit-fields
i) Create and display a singly linked list using self-referential structure.
ii) Demonstrate the differences between structures and unions using a C program.
iii) Write a C program to shift/rotate using bit fields.
iv) Write a C program to copy one structure variable to another structure of the same type.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

WEEK 11
Objective: Explore the Functions, sub-routines, scope and extent of variables, doing some experiments by parameter passing using
call by value. Basic methods of numerical integration
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 11: Functions, call by value, scope and extent,
Lab 11: Simple functions using call by value, solving differential equations using Eulers theorem.
i) Write a C function to calculate NCR value.
ii) Write a C function to find the length of a string.
iii) Write a C function to transpose of a matrix.
iv) Write a C function to demonstrate numerical integration of differential equations using Euler’s method
WEEK 12
Objective: Explore how recursive solutions can be programmed by writing recursive functions that can be invoked from the main by
programming at-least five distinct problems that have naturally recursive solutions.
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 12: Recursion, the structure of recursive calls
Lab12: Recursive functions
i) Write a recursive function to generate Fibonacci series.
ii) Write a recursive function to find the lcm of two numbers.
iii) Write a recursive function to find the factorial of a number.
iv) Write a C Program to implement Ackermann function using recursion.
v) Write a recursive function to find the sum of series.
WEEK13
Objective: Explore the basic difference between normal and pointer variables, Arithmetic operations using pointers and passing
variables to functions using pointers
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 13:Call by reference, dangling pointers
Lab 13: Simple functions using Call by reference, Dangling pointers.
i) Write a C program to swap two numbers using call by reference.
ii) Demonstrate Dangling pointer problem using a C program.
iii) Write a C program to copy one string into another using pointer.
iv) Write a C program to find no of lower case, uppercase, digits and other characters using pointers.
WEEK14
Objective : To understand data files and file handling with various file I/O functions. Explore the differences between text and
binary files.
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 14: File handling
Lab 14: File operations
i) Write a C program to write and read text into a file.
ii) Write a C program to write and read text into a binary file usingf read() and f write()
iii) Copy the contents of one file to another file.
iv) Write a C program to merge two files into the third file using command-line arguments.
v) Find no.of lines, words and characters in a file
vi) Write a C program to print last n characters of a given file.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Ajay Mittal, Programming in C: A practical approach, Pearson.
2. Byron Gottfried, Schaum 's Outline of Programming with C, McGrawHill
REFERENCEBOOKS
1. Brian W.Kernighan and Dennis M.Ritchie, The C Programming Language, Prentice-Hall of India
2. C Programming, A Problem-Solving Approach, Forouzan, Gilberg, Prasad, CENGAGE
WEB RESOURCES
1. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322908864_C_Programming_Lab_Manual
2. https://www.javatpoint.com/c-programs
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year I Semester
CHEMISTRY LABORATORY
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Basic Sciences Course Code 24BC102P
Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-2-1
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
Verify the fundamental concepts with experiments.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Determine the cell constant and conductance of solutions. K3
CO2 Prepare advanced polymer Bakelite materials. K2
Estimate the given amount of dissolved compounds in a solution by using
CO3 K3
volumetric analysis and preparation of Nano particles
CO4 Analyze the IR spectra of some organic compounds. K4
Determine the concentration of different metal ions present in water by complex
CO5 K2
metric titrations.
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 3 2
CO2 2 3 2 2
CO3 2 3 3 2 2
CO4 2 2 2 1 2
CO5 2 2 2 2

List of Experiments:
1. Determination of Hardness of a groundwater sample
2. Conduct metric titration of strong acid vs. strong base
3. Conduct metric titration of weak acid vs. strong base
4. Preparation of Nano particles. (Cu/Zn)
5. Determination of Vitamin-C
6. Estimation of KMnO4 by using standard oxalic acid solution
7. Preparation of Phenol-formaldehyde resin (Bakelite)
8. Determination of total alkalinity of given sample of water
9. Wave length measurement of sample through UV-Visible Spectroscopy
10. Identification of simple organic compounds by IR
11. Preparation of nano materials by precipitation method
12. Estimation of Ferrous Iron by Dichrometry

Reference:
"Vogel's Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Edition 6th Edition" Pearson Publicationsby J.
Mendham, R.C. Denney, J.D. Barnes and B. Sivasankar
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year I Semester
HEALTH AND WELLNESS, YOGA AND SPORTS
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Humanities Course Code 24MH101P
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 0-0-1-0.5
Prerequisites Continuous Evaluation 90
Viva Voce 10
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The main objective of introducing this course is to make the students maintain their mental and
physical wellness by balancing emotions in their life. It mainly enhances the essential traits required for
the development of the personality.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
CO1 UnderstandtheimportanceofyogaandsportsforPhysicalfitnessandsoundhealth.
CO2 Demonstrate an understanding of health-related fitness components.
CO3 Compare and contrast various activities that help enhance their health.
CO4 Assess current personal fitness levels.
CO5 Develop Positive Personality

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 1 1 3
CO2 1 1 3
CO3 1 3
CO4 1 3
CO5 1 1 3
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT – I: Concept of health and fitness, Nutrition and Balanced diet, basic concept of immunity
Relationship between diet and fitness, Globalization and its impact on health, Body Mass Index (BMI) of all
age groups.
Activities:
i) Organizing health awareness programmes in community
ii) Preparation of health profile
iii) Preparation of chart for balance diet for all age groups

UNIT – II: Concept of yoga, need for and importance of yoga, origin and history of yoga in Indian
context, classification of yoga, Physiological effects of Asan as- Pranayama and meditation, stress
management and yoga, Mental health and yoga practice.
Activities:
Yoga practices Asana, Kriya, Mudra, Bandha, Dhyana, SuryaNamaskar

UNIT – III: Concept of Sports and fitness, importance, fitness components, history of sports,
Ancient and Modern Olympics, Asian games and Common wealth games.
Activities:
i) Participation in one major game and one individual sport viz., Athletics, Volleyball, Basketball,
Handball, Football, Badminton, Kabaddi, Kho-kho, Table tennis, Cricket etc.
Practicing general and specific warm up, aerobics
ii) Practicing cardio respiratory fitness, treadmill, run test, 9 min walk, skipping and running.

Reference Books:
1. Gordon Edlin, Eric Golanty. Health and Wellness,14th Edn. Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2022
2. T.K.V.Desikachar. The Heart of Yoga: Developing a Personal Practice
3. Archie J.Bahm. Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, Jain Publishing Company,1993
4. Wiseman, John Lofty, SAS Survival Handbook: The Ultimate Guide to Surviving Anywhere Third
Edition, William Morrow Paperbacks,2014
5. The Sports Rules Book/ Human Kinetics with Thomas Hanlon. -- 3rd ed. Human Kinetics,Inc.2014

General Guidelines:
1. Institutes must assign slots in the Time table for the activities of Health/Sports/Yoga.
2. Institutes must provide field /facility and offer the minimum of five choices of as many as
Games/Sports.
3. Institutes are required to provide sports instructor / yoga teacher to mentor the students.

Evaluation Guidelines:
 Evaluated for a total of 100 marks.
 A student can select 6 activities of his/her choice with a minimum of 01 activity per unit. Each
activity shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher for 15 marks, totalling to 90 marks.
 A student shall be evaluated by the concerned teacher for 10 marks by conducting viva voce on the
subject.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year II Semester
ENGINEERING PHYSICS
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Basic Sciences Course Code 24BP201T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites Intermediate Physics Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
Impart Knowledge of Physical Optics phenomena like Interference, Diffraction and
1
Polarization required to design instruments with higher resolution.
2 Impart the knowledge of Dielectric& Magnetic materials for engineering Applications.
Understand the basics of Semiconductors and their working mechanism for their
3
utility in Engineering applications.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Analyzetheintensityvariationoflightduetopolarization,interferenceanddiffraction K4
CO2 Familiarize with the basics of crystals and their structures. K2
Applying the concepts of quantum mechanics for calculation of free quantum
CO3 particle energies and phenomenon of electrical & thermal conductivities to sub K3
microscopic particles
Apply the basics of phenomenon related to dielectric materials and Magnetic
CO4 K3
Materials to study their dependence on temperature and frequency response.
Understand the Band formation, electrical conductivities in semiconductors
CO5 K2
and study the types of semiconductors using Hall Effect.
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12

CO1 2 2 - 1 1 - - - - - - -

CO2 2 2 1 - - - - - - - - -

CO3 2 2 - 1 - - - - - - - -

CO4 2 2 - - - - - - - - - -

CO5 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - 1
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT – I -WAVE OPTICS

Interference: Introduction - Principle of superposition –Interference of light - Interference in thin films
(Reflection Geometry) & applications - Colours in thin films- Newton’s Rings, Determination of
wavelength and refractive index.
Diffraction: Introduction - Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffractions - Fraunhofer diffraction due to single
slit, double slit & N-slits (Qualitative) – Diffraction Grating - Dispersive power and resolving power of
Grating (Qualitative).

UNIT - II - CRYSTALLOGRAPHY AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION

Crystallography: Space lattice, Basis, Unit Cell and lattice parameters – Bravais Lattices – crystal
systems (3D) – coordination number - packing fraction of SC, BCC & FCC - Miller indices –
separation between successive (hkl) planes.
X - ray diffraction: Bragg’s law - X-ray Diffractometer – crystal structure determination by Laue’s and powder
methods

UNIT – III - DIELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS

Dielectric Materials: Introduction - Dielectric polarization - Dielectric polarizability, Susceptibility,
Dielectric constant and Displacement Vector – Relation between the electric vectors - Types of
polarizations- Electronic (Quantitative), Ionic (Quantitative) and Orientation polarizations (Qualitative)
- Lorentz internal field - Clausius- Mossotti equation - complex dielectric constant – Frequency
dependence of polarization – dielectric loss
Magnetic Materials: Introduction - Magnetic dipole moment - Magnetization-Magnetic susceptibility and
permeability – Atomic origin of magnetism - Classification of magnetic materials: Dia, para, Ferro, anti-ferro&Ferri
magnetic materials - Domain concept for Ferromagnetism & Domain walls (Qualitative) - Hysteresis - soft and hard
magnetic materials.

UNIT – IV - QUANTUM MECHANICS AND FREE ELECTRON THEORY

Quantum Mechanics: Introduction-Dual nature of matter – Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle –
Significance and properties of wave function – Schrodinger’s time independent and dependent wave
equations– Particle in a one-dimensional infinite potential well.
Free Electron Theory: Introduction-Classical free electron theory (Qualitative with discussion of merits and
demerits) – Quantum free electron theory – electrical conductivity based on quantum free electron theory - Fermi-
Dirac distribution - Density of states - Fermi energy

UNIT - V - BAND THEORY OF SOLIDS & SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS

BAND THEORY OF SOLIDS
Bloch’s Theorem (Qualitative) - Kronig Penny Model(Qualitative)-E vs K diagram-V vs K diagram,
Effective mass of electron- Classification of Crystalline Solids-Concept of hole

SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS
Semiconductors: Introduction-Formation of energy bands – classification of crystalline solids - Intrinsic
semiconductors: Density of charge carriers – Electrical conductivity – Fermi level – Extrinsic semiconductors:
density of charge carriers – dependence of Fermi energy on carrier concentration and temperature - Drift and
diffusion currents – Einstein’s equation – Hall effect and its applications.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

TEXT BOOKS
1. ―A Text book of Engineering Physics‖ by M.N.Avadhanulu, P.G.Kshir sagar -S.Chand Publications,
2. ―Engineering Physics‖ by Tirupati Naidu &Veeranjaneyalu, V G S Publishers
―Engineering Physics‖ by P.K Palanisamy,Sci Tech Publication

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Kettles Introduction to Solid state Physics-Charles Kittel,Wiley India Edition
2. Solid State Physics ,AJ Dekker, I Edition,Macmillan Publishers India Private Limited
3. ―Engineering Physics‖ by M.R.Srinivasan, New Age international publishers.
4. ―Solid State Physics‖ by SO Pilai., - New age International Publishers

WEB RESOURCES
1. Web Resources: https://www.loc.gov/rr/scitech/selected-internet/physics.html
Unit I:https://nptel.ac.in/courses/122/107/122107035/#
Unit II: https://nptel.ac.in/courses/113/104/113104014/
Unit III: https://nptel.ac.in/courses/113/104/113104090/
https://youtu.be/DDLljK1ODeg
Unit IV :https://study.com/academy/lesson/the-de-broglie-hypothesis-definition-significance.html
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/115/101/115101107/
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/115/105/115105122/
Unit V :https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/diode/diode_1.html
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/115/105/115105099/
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/108/108108122/
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year II Semester
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AND VECTOR CALCULUS
(Common to All Branches)

Course
Basic Sciences Course Code 24BM201T
Category
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Prerequisites
Differentiation, Integration and Continuous Internal
30
Partial Differentiation. Assessment
70
Differential Equations (Variable Semester End Examination
100
Separable) Total Marks

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 To enlighten the learners in the concept of differential equations and multi variable calculus
2 To familiarize the students with the foundations of line, surface and volume integrals.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Solve the first order differential equations related to various engineering
CO1 K3
fields.
CO2 Solve the higher order differential equations to various engineering fields. K3
Identify solution methods for partial differential equations that model
CO3 K3
physical processes.
Interpret the physical meaning of different operators such as gradient, curl
CO4 K3
and divergence.
Estimate the work done against a field, circulation and flux using vector
CO5 K3
calculus.

K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - -
CO2 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - -
CO3 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - -
CO4 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - -
CO5 3 3 2 - - - - - - - - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT I
Differential equations of first order and first degree:
Linear differential equations – Bernoulli’s equations- Exact equations and equations reducible to exact
form. Applications: Newton’s Law of cooling – Law of natural growth and decay- Electrical circuits.
UNIT II
Linear differential equations of higher order (Constant Coefficients):
Definitions, homogenous and non-homogenous differential equations, complimentary function, particular
integral, general solution, Wronskian, Method of variation of parameters. Simultaneous linear equations,
Applications to L-C-R Circuit problems and Simple Harmonic motion.
UNIT III
Partial Differential Equations:
Introduction and formation of Partial Differential Equations by elimination of arbitrary constants and
arbitrary functions, solutions of first order linear equations using Lagrange’s method. Homogeneous
Linear Partial differential equations with constant coefficients
UNIT IV
Vector differentiation:
Scalar and vector point functions, vector operator Del, Del applies to scalar point functions- Gradient and
applications, Directional derivative, del applied to vector point functions-Divergence and Curl, vector
identities.
UNIT V
Vector integration:
Line integral-circulation-work done by the force, Scalar potential, surface integral-flux, Green’s theorem
in a plane (without proof), Stoke’s theorem (without proof), volume integral, Divergence theorem
(without proof) and related problems.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Higher Engineering Mathematics, B. S. Grewal, Khanna Publishers, 2017, 44th Edition
2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Erwin Kreyszig, John Wiley & Sons, 2018, 10th
Edition.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Thomas Calculus, George B.Thomas, Maurice D.Weir and JoelHass, Pearson Publishers,2018, 14th
Edition.
2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, DennisG.Zill andWarrenS.Wright, Jones and Bartlett,2018.
3. Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics,GlynJames, Pearson publishers, 2018,5th Edition.
4. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, R.K.Jain and S.R.K.Iyengar, Alpha Science International Ltd.,
2021 5the Edition (9th reprint)
5. Higher Engineering Mathematics, B.V.Ramana,, McGraw HillEducation,2017
6. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by H. K Dass, S. ChandPublications,2022, 22nd Edition(Reprint
2022).
WEB RESOURCES
1. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/First-OrderOrdinaryDifferentialEquation.html
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_equation
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_differential_equation
4. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_calculus
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_calculus
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year II Semester
BASIC ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Engineering Science Course Code 24EE201T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

PART-A:BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

COURSE OBJECTIVES
To expose to the field of electrical & electronics engineering, laws and principles of electrical/ electronic
engineering and to acquire fundamental knowledge in the relevant field.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Know the fundamental laws, operating principles of motors, generators, MC and MI
CO1 K2
instruments
Apply the problem solving concepts associated to AC and DC circuits, construction and
operation of AC and DC machines, measuring instruments; different power generation
CO2 K3
mechanisms, Electricity billing concept and important safety measures related to
electrical operations.
Apply the mathematical tools and fundamental concepts to derive various equations
CO3 related to machines, circuits and measuring instruments; electricity bill calculations and K3
layout representation of electrical power systems.
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)

CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12

CO1 2 2 2 - - - - - - - - -
CO2 2 2 2 - - 2 - - - - - -
CO3 3 3 - - - - 2 2 - - - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT - I
DC Circuits: Electrical circuit elements (R, L and C), Ohm’s Law and its limitations, KCL & KVL, series, parallel,
series-parallel circuits, Super Position theorem, Simple numerical problems.
AC Circuits: A.C. Fundamentals: Equation of AC Voltage and current, waveform, time period, frequency,
amplitude, phase, phase difference, average value, RMS value, form factor, peak factor, Voltage and current
relationship with phasor diagrams in R, L, and C circuits, Concept of Impedance, Active power, reactive power and
apparent power, Concept of power factor (Simple Numerical problems).

UNIT - II
Machines and Measuring Instruments
Machines: Construction, principle and operation of (i) DC Motor, (ii) DC Generator, (iii) Single Phase
Transformer, (iv) Three Phase Induction Motor and (v) Alternator, Applications of electrical machines.
Measuring Instruments: Construction and working principle of Permanent Magnet Moving Coil
(PMMC), Moving Iron (MI) Instruments and Wheat Stone bridge.

UNIT – III
Energy Resources, Electricity Bill & Safety Measures
Energy Resources: Conventional and non-conventional energy resources; Layout and operation of various Power
Generation systems: Hydel, Nuclear, Solar & Wind power generation.
Electricity bill: Power rating of household appliances including air conditioners, PCs, Laptops, Printers, etc.
Definition of ―unit‖ used for consumption of electrical energy, two-part electricity tariff, calculation of electricity
bill for domestic consumers.
Equipment Safety Measures: Working principle of Fuse and Miniature circuit breaker (MCB), merits and
demerits. Personal safety measures: Electric Shock, Earthing and its types, Safety Precautions to avoid shock.

Textbooks:
1. Basic Electrical Engineering, D. C. Kulshreshtha, Tata McGraw Hill, 2019, First Edition
2. Power System Engineering, P.V. Gupta, M.L. Soni, U.S. Bhatnagar and A. Chakrabarti, DhanpatRai& Co, 2013
3. Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering, Rajendra Prasad, PHI publishers, 2014, Third Edition

Reference Books:
1. Basic Electrical Engineering, D. P. Kothari and I. J. Nagrath, McGraw Hill, 2019, Fourth Edition
2. Principles of Power Systems, V.K. Mehtha, S.Chand Technical Publishers, 2020
3. Basic Electrical Engineering, T. K. Nagsarkar and M. S. Sukhija, Oxford University Press, 2017
4. Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering, S. K. Bhatacharya, Person Publications, 2018, Second Edition.

Web Resources:
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108105053
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108108076
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

PART-B :BASIC ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 To impart knowledge on semiconductor devices.
2 To introduce concepts of biasing and applications of diodes and transistors.
3 To introduce fundamentals of digital electronics.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Understand the basic concepts of diodes and transistors K2
CO2 Understand the working principles of semiconductor devices and applications K2
Understand number system, Boolean algebra, basics of combinational and
CO3 K2
sequential circuits
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 2 2
CO2 2 2
CO3 2 2

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT – I - SEMICONDUCTORDEVICES
Introduction - Evolution of electronics – Vacuum tubes to nano electronics - Characteristics of PN Junction
Diode — Zener Effect — Zener Diode and its Characteristics. Bipolar Junction Transistor — CB, CE, CC
Configurations and Characteristics — Elementary Treatment of Small Signal CE Amplifier.
UNIT -II - BASICELECTRONICCIRCUITSANDINSTRUMENTTAION
Rectifiers and power supplies: Block diagram description of a dc power supply, working of a full wave
bridge rectifier, capacitor filter (no analysis), working of simple zener voltage regulator. Amplifiers: Block
diagram of Public Address system, Block diagram and working of common emitter (RC coupled) amplifier
with its frequency response. Electronic Instrumentation: Block diagram of an electronic instrumentation
system.
UNIT – III - DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
Overview of Number Systems, BCD codes, Functionality of Logic Gates–
NOT,OR,AND,NOR,NAND,XOR and XNOR. Excess-3code, Graycode, Hamming code. Boolean Algebra,
Basic Theorems and properties of Boolean Algebra, Truth Tables and Simple combinational circuits–Half
and Full Adders. Introduction to sequential circuits, Flip flops, Registers and counters (Elementary
Treatment only)
Textbooks:
1. Robert.L.Boylestad&LouisNashelsky,ElectronicDevices&CircuitTheory,PearsonEducation,2021.
2. Digital Design by Morris Mano, 3E, Prentice Hall, India, 2001
Reference Books:
1. R.S.Sedha, A Text book of Electronic Devices and Circuits, S.Chand&Co,2010.
2. Santiram Kal, Basic Electronics- Devices, Circuits and IT Fundamentals, Prentice Hall, India, 2002.
3. R. T. Paynter, Introductory Electronic Devices & Circuits – Conventional Flow Version, Pearson Education, 2009.
Web References:
1. NPTEL- https://archive.nptel.ac.in/courses/108/108/108108122/
2. Neso Academy- https://www.nesoacademy.org/ec/05-digital-electronics
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year II Semester
ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Engineering Science Course Code 24ME201T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 1-0-4-3
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
To enable the students with various concepts like dimensioning, conventions and standards
1
related to Engineering Drawing.
2 To impart knowledge on the projection of points, lines and plane surfaces.
3 To improve the visualization skills for better understanding of projection of solids.
To develop the imaginative skills of the students required to understand Section of solids and
4
Developments of surfaces.
To make the students understand the viewing perception of a solid object in Isometric and
5
Perspective projections.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Understand the principles of engineering drawing, including engineering
CO1 K2
curves, scales, orthographic and isometric projections.
Draw and interpret orthographic projections of points, lines, planes and
CO2 K3
solids in front, top and side views.
Understand and draw projection of solids in various positions in first
CO3 K3
quadrant.
CO4 Explain principles behind development of surfaces. K2
CO5 Prepare isometric and perspective sections of simple solids. K3
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 2 2 - - - - - - - 1 -
CO2 3 2 2 - - - - - - - 1 -
CO3 3 2 2 - - - - - - - 1 -
CO4 3 2 2 - - - - - - - 1 -
CO5 3 2 2 - 3 - - - - - 1 -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT - I
Introduction: Lines, Lettering and Dimensioning, Geometrical Constructions and Constructing regular
polygons by general methods.
Curves: construction of ellipse, parabola and hyperbola by general, Cycloids, Involutes, Normal and
tangent to Curves.
Scales: Plain scales, diagonal scales and vernier scales.

UNIT - II
Orthographic Projections: Reference plane, importance of reference lines or Plane, Projections of a point
situated in any one of the four quadrants.
Projections of Straight Lines: Projections of straight lines parallel to both reference planes, perpendicular
to one reference plane and parallel to other reference plane, inclined to one reference plane and parallel to
the other reference plane. Projections of Straight Line Inclined to both the reference planes
Projections of Planes: regular planes Perpendicular to both reference planes, parallel to one reference
plane and inclined to the other reference plane; plane inclined to both the reference planes.

UNIT - III
Projections of Solids: Types of solids: Polyhedral and Solids of revolution. Projections of solids in simple
positions: Axis perpendicular to horizontal plane, Axis perpendicular to vertical plane and Axis parallel to
both the reference planes, Projection of Solids with axis inclined to one reference plane and parallel to
another plane.

UNIT - IV
Sections of Solids: Perpendicular and inclined section planes, Sectional views and True shape of section,
Sections of solids in simple position only.
Development of Surfaces: Methods of Development: Parallel line development and radial line
development. Development of a cube, prism, cylinder, pyramid and cone.

UNIT - V
Conversion of Views: Conversion of isometric views to orthographic views; Conversion of orthographic
views to isometric views.
Computer graphics: Creating 2D&3D drawings of objects including PCB and Transformations using
Auto CAD (Not for end examination).
Textbook:
1. N. D. Bhatt, Engineering Drawing, Charotar Publishing House, 2016.

Reference Books:
1. Engineering Drawing, K.L. Narayana and P. Kannaiah, Tata McGraw Hill, 2013.
2. Engineering Drawing, M.B.Shah and B.C. Rana, Pearson Education Inc,2009.
3. Engineering Drawing with an Introduction to AutoCAD, DhananjayJolhe, Tata McGraw Hill, 2017.

Web References:
1. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/112103019/
2. https://www.cadtutor.net/tutorials/autocad/
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year II Semester
NETWORK ANALYSIS
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
(Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC201T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Basic knowledge about Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites resistor, inductor and Semester End Examination 70
capacitor. Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 To introduce basic laws, mesh & nodal analysis techniques for solving electrical circuits
2 To impart knowledge on applying appropriate theorem for electrical circuit analysis
3 To explain transient behavior of circuits in time and frequency domains
4 To teach concepts of resonance
5 To introduce open circuit, short circuit, ABCD, h parameters and their interrelationship.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Analyze RLC network to solve network parameters using Mesh and Nodal and Apply
CO1 K4
star-delta transformations wherever necessary.
CO2 Analyze a network, solve parameters using Network Theorems, Laplace Transform K4
CO3 Analyze transient circuit using Differential equation and Laplace Transform techniques K4
CO4 Analyze resonant circuit and coupled circuit. K4
CO5 Analyze two-port network to compute Z, Y, ABCD and h parameters. K4
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating
Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes (1–Low,2-Medium, 3–High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 3 3 3 3
CO2 3 3 3 3
CO3 3 3 3 3
CO4 3 3 3 3
CO5 3 3 3 3
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT-I
Types of circuit components, Types of Sources and Source Transformations, Mesh analysis and Nodal analysis,
problem solving with resistances only including dependent sources also. Principal of Duality examples.
Steady State Analysis of A.C Circuits: Impedance concept, phase angle, series R-L, R-C, R-L- C
circuits problem solving. Complex impedance and phasor notation for R-L, R-C, R-L-C problem solving
using mesh and nodal analysis, Star-Delta conversion.

UNIT-II
Network Theorems: Thevenin’s, Norton’s, Reciprocity, Compensation, Substitution, Superposition,
Max Power Transfer, problem solving using dependent sources also.
Laplace transform: introduction, Laplace transformation, basic theorems, problem solving using
Laplace transform, problem solving using Laplace transform.

UNIT-III
Transients: First order differential equations, Definition of time constants, R-L circuit, R-C circuit with
DC excitation, evaluating initial conditions procedure, second order differential equations, homogeneous,
non-homogenous, problem-solving using R-L-C elements with DC excitation and AC excitation,
Response as related to s-plane rotation of roots.

UNIT-IV
Resonance: Introduction, Definition of Q, Series resonance, Bandwidth of series resonance, Parallel
resonance, general case-resistance present in both branches, anti-resonance at all frequencies.
Coupled Circuits: Self-inductance, Mutual inductance, Coefficient of coupling, analysis of coupled
circuits, Natural current, Dot rule of coupled circuits, conductively coupled equivalent circuits- problem
solving.

UNIT-V
Two-port Networks: Relationship of two port networks, Z-parameters, Y-parameters, ABCD-
parameters, h- parameters, Relationships Between parameter Sets, Parallel & series connection of two
port networks, cascading of two port networks, problem solving using dependent sources also, Image and
iterative impedances (Qualitative treatment only)

Text Books
1. Network Analysis — ME Van Valkenburg, Prentice Hall of India, revised 3rd Edition, 2019.
2. Joseph Edminister and MahmoodNahvi, Electric Circuits, Schaum’s Outline Series, 7th Edition,
Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company, New Delhi, 2017

Reference Books
1. Engineering Circuit Analysis by William H. Hayt, Jack Kemmerly, Jamie Phillips, Steven M.
Durbin, 9th Edition 2020.
2. Fundamentals of Electric Circuits by Charles K. Alexander and Matthew N. O. Sadiku, McGraw-
Hill Education

Web References:
1. NPTEL Lectures-
https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbRMhDVUMngfNnABo5mre45ZbHqJE2sUn&feature=shared
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year II Semester
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING WORKSHOP
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Engineering Science Course Code 24EE201P
Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-3-1.5
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100
PART-A: ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING WORKSHOP
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To impart knowledge on the fundamental laws & theorems of electrical circuits, functions of electrical
machines and energy calculations.
COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Know the Electrical circuit design concepts; measurement of resistance, power, power
CO1 K2
factor; concept of wiring and operation of Electrical Machines and Transformer.
Apply the theoretical concepts and operating principles to derive mathematical models
CO2 for circuits, Electrical machines and measuring instruments; calculations for the K3
measurement of resistance, power and power factor.
Apply the theoretical concepts to obtain calculations for the measurement of resistance,
CO3 K3
power and power factor.
Analyse various characteristics of electrical circuits, electrical machines and measuring
CO4 K4
instruments.
Design suitable circuits and methodologies for the measurement of various electrical
CO5 K4
parameters; Household and commercial wiring.
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 2 2 2 - 1 - - - 1 - - -
CO2 2 2 2 - 1 - - - 1 - - -
CO3 2 2 - - 1 - - - 1 - - -
CO4 2 2 - - 1 - - - 1 - - -
CO5 - - - - 1 1 1 - 1 - - -
List of experiments:
1. Verification of KCL and KVL
2. Verification of Superposition theorem
3. Measurement of Resistance using Wheat stone bridge
4. Measurement of Three- phase power in Three-phase induction motor using two wattmeter method
5. Speed control of DC shunt motor
6. Measurement of Power and Power factor using Single-phase wattmeter
7. Measurement of Earth Resistance using Megger
8. Calculation of Electrical Energy for Domestic Premises
Reference Books:
1. Basic Electrical Engineering, D. C. Kulshreshtha, Tata McGraw Hill, 2019, First Edition
2. Power System Engineering, P.V. Gupta, M.L. Soni, U.S. Bhatnagar and A. Chakrabarti, DhanpatRai& Co, 2013
3. Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering, Rajendra Prasad, PHI publishers, 2014, Third Edition
Note: Minimum Six Experiments to be performed.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

PART B: ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING LABORATORY

COURSE OBJECTIVES
Toimpartknowledgeontheprinciplesofdigitalelectronicsandfundamentalsofelectrondevices& its
applications.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO6 Identify & testing of various electronic components. K3
CO7 Understand the usage of electronic measuring instruments. K3
CO8 Plot and discuss the characteristics of various electron devices. K3
CO9 Explain the operation of a digital circuit. K3
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating
Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes
(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO6 2 2 2 2
CO7 2 2 2 2
CO8 2 2 2 2
CO9 2 2 2 2

List of experiments:
1. Introduction to Active and Passive devices must be experiment-1 (includes Resistors, Capacitors,
Inductors, Diodes, Transistors, Power supplies, Ammeter(s), Voltmeter(s), necessary devices)
2. Plot V-I characteristics of PN Junction diode A) Forward bias B) Reverse bias.
3. Plot V– I characteristics of Zener Diode and its application as voltage Regulator.
4. Determine ripple factor of full wave rectifier.
5. Plot Input & Output characteristics of BJT in CE and CB configurations.
6. Determining CE Amplifier input and output impedance with and without bypass capacitor.
7. Verification of Truth Table of AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, Ex-OR, Ex-NOR gates using ICs.
8. Verification of Truth Tables of S-R,J-K & D flip flops using respective ICs.
Tools / Equipment Required: DC Power supplies, Mult imeters, DC Ammeters, DC Voltmeters, AC
Voltmeters, CROs, all the required active devices. Multi sim /PSPICE software for Simulation.
References:
1. Robert.L.Boylestad&LouisNashelsky,ElectronicDevices&CircuitTheory,PearsonEducation, 2021.
2. R.P.Jain, Modern Digital Electronics, 4th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill,2009
3. R.T.Paynter,IntroductoryElectronicDevices&Circuits–
ConventionalFlowVersion,PearsonEducation,2009.
Note: Minimum Six Experiments to be performed. All the experiments shall be implemented using both
Hardware and Software.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year II Semester
NETWORK ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION LABORATORY
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC201P
Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-3-1.5
Prerequisites Basic knowledge about Continuous Internal Assessment 30
resistor, inductor and Semester End Examination 70
capacitor. Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 To gain hands on experience in verifying Kirchoff’s laws and network theorems
2 To study RLC elements behavior of circuits (transient and resonant)
3 Todetermine2-portnetworkparameters

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Verify Kirchoff’s laws and network theorems. K3
CO2 Measure time constants, Analyze behavior of RLC circuits K3
CO3 Characterize and model the network in terms of all network parameters. K3
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)

CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2

CO1 3 2 2 2 3 3
CO2 3 2 2 2 3 3
CO3 3 2 2 2 3 3
CO4 3 2 2 2 3 3
CO5 3 2 2 2 3 3
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

PART-A
The following experiments need to be performed using Hardware:
1. Study of Components of a circuit and verification of KCL and KVL
2. Perform Mesh and Nodal Analysis of a given circuit.
3. Verification of principle of Superposition theorem for linear bilateral and unilateral networks.
4. Verification of principle of Maximum power transfer theorem
5. Verification of Thevenin and Norton theorems.
6. Find the Bandwidth, then determine the Q Factor of a Series Resonance circuit.
7. Verification of Z and Y Parameters of a simple T-two-port network (Only Hardware
Implementation).
8. Verification of h-parameters of a simple T-two-port network (Only Hardware
Implementation).
9. Verification of ABCD Parameters for a simple T-two-port network (Only Hardware
Implementation).

PART-B
The experiments need to be simulated using software
1. Determination of transient response of current in RL and RC circuits with step voltage input.
2. Determination of transient response of current in RLC circuit with step voltage input for
under damp, critically damp and over damp cases.
3. To study frequency response of 1st order RL and RC networks
Hardware Requirements:
1. Regulated Power supplies
2. Analog/Digital Function Generators
4. Digital Multimeters
5. Decade Resistance Boxes/Rheostats
6. Decade Capacitance Boxes
7. Ammeters (Analog or Digital)
8. Voltmeters (Analog or Digital)
9. Active & Passive Electronic Components

Software requirements:
i. Multisim/ Pspice/Equivalent simulation software tool.
ii. Computer Systems with required specifications.

References:
1. Network Analysis – ME Van Valkenburg, Prentice Hall of India, revised 3rd Edition, 2019.
2. Engineering Circuit Analysis by William H. Hayt, Jack Kemmerly, Jamie Phillips, Steven M.
Durbin, 9th Edition 2020.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year II Semester
IT WORKSHOP
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Engineering Science Course Code 24IT201P
Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-2-1
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. To introduce the internal parts of a computer, peripherals, I/O ports, connecting cables.
2. To demonstrate configuring the system as Dual boot both Windows and other Operating Systems Viz.
Linux, BOSS.
3. To teach basic command line interface commands on Linux.
4. To teach the usage of Internet for productivity and self-paced life-long learning.
5. To introduce Compression, Multimedia and Antivirus tools and Office Tools such as Word processors,
Spread sheets and Presentation tools.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Perform Hardware trouble shooting. K3
CO2 Understand Hardware components and inter dependencies. K3
CO3 Safe guard computer systems from viruses/worms. K3
CO4 Document/ Presentation preparation. K3
CO5 Perform calculations using spreadsheets. K3
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 3 - - 1 - - - - - - -
CO2 3 3 - - 1 - - - - - - -
CO3 2 2 - - 2 2 1 2 - - - -
CO4 1 - - - 3 1 - - - 2 - -
CO5 2 - - - 3 1 - - - - - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

PC Hardware & Software Installation

Task 1: Identify the peripherals of a computer, components in a CPU and its functions. Draw the block diagram of the CPU
along with the configuration of each peripheral and submit to your instructor.

Task2:Every student should disassemble and assemble the PC back to working condition. Lab instructors should verify the
work and follow it up with a Viva. Also students need to go through the video which shows the process of assembling a PC.
A video would be given as part of the course content.

Task 3: Every student should individually install MS windows, Linux / BOSS on the personal computer. This computer
should have windows installed. The system should be configured as dual boot (VM Ware) with both Windows and Linux /
BOSS Lab instructor should verify the installation and follow it up with a Viva.

Internet & World Wide Web

Task1: Orientation & Connectivity Boot Camp: Students should get connected to their Local Area Network and access the
Internet. In the process they configure the TCP/IP setting. Finally students should demonstrate, to the instructor, how to
access the websites and email. If there is no internet connectivity preparations need to be made by the instructors to
simulate the WWW on the LAN.

Task2:Web Browsers, Surfing the Web: Students customize their web browsers with the LAN proxy settings, book marks,
search toolbars and popup blockers. Also, plug-ins like Macromedia Flash and JRE for applets should be configured.

Task3: Search Engines & Net iquette: Students should know what search engines are and how to use the search engines. A
few topics would be given to the students for which they need to search on Google. This should be demonstrated to the
instructors by the student.

Task 4: Cyber Hygiene: Students would be exposed to the various threats on the internet and would be asked to configure
their computer to be safe on the internet. They need to customize their browsers to block popup, lock active x downloads to
avoid viruses and/or worms.

WORD
Task 1: Word Orientation: The mentor needs to give an overview of Microsoft (MS) office or equivalent (FOSS) tool word
: Importance of MS office or equivalent (FOSS) tool Word as word Processors, Details of the four tasks and features that
would be covered in each, Using word–Accessing, over view of tool bars, saving files, Using help and resources, rulers,
format painter in word.

Task 2: Using Word to create a project certificate. Features to be covered:-Formatting Fonts in word, Drop Cap in word,
Applying Text effects, Using Character Spacing, Borders and Colors, Inserting Header and Footer, Using Date and Time
option in Word.

Task 3: Creating project abstract Features to be covered:-Formatting Styles, Inserting table, Bullets and Numbering,
Changing Text Direction, Cell alignment, Foot note, Hyperlink, Symbols, Spell Check, Track Changes.

Task4: Creating a Newsletter: Features to be covered:-Table of Content, News paper columns, Images from files and
clipart, Drawing toolbar and Word Art, Formatting Images, Text boxes, Paragraphs and Mail Merge in word.

EXCEL
Excel Orientation: The mentor needs to tell the importance of MS office or equivalent (FOSS) tool Excel as a Spreadsheet
tool, give the details of the four tasks and features that would be covered in each. Using Excel–Accessing, overview of tool
bars, saving excel files, Using help and resources.

Task 1: Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered: Gridlines, Format Cells, Summation, auto fill, Formatting Text.

Task 2: Calculating GPA -. Features to be covered:- Cell Referencing, Formulae in excel –average, std. deviation, Charts,
Renaming and Inserting worksheets, Hyper linking, Count function.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

POWERPOINT
Task 1: Students will be working on basic power point utilities and tools which help them create basic power point
presentations. PPT Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text, WordArt, Formatting Text, Bullets and Numbering, Auto
Shapes, Lines and Arrows in Power Point.

Task 2: Interactive presentations - Hyperlinks, Inserting –Images, Clip Art, Audio, Video, Objects, Tables and Charts.

Task 3: Master Layouts (slide, template, and notes), Types of views (basic, presentation, slide slotter, notes etc), and
Inserting– Back ground, textures, Design Templates, Hidden slides.

AI TOOLS –ChatGPT
Task1: Prompt Engineering: Experiment with different types of prompts to see how the model responds. Try asking
questions, starting conversations, or even providing incomplete sentences to see how the model completes them.
 Ex: Prompt: "You are acknowledgeable AI. Please answer the following question: What is the capital of France?"

Task2: Creative Writing: Use the model as a writing assistant. Provide the beginning of a story or a description of a scene,
and let the model generate the rest of the content. This can be a fun way to brainstorm creative ideas
 Ex: Prompt: "In a world where gravity suddenly stopped working, people started floating upwards. Write a story
about how society adapted to this new reality."

Task 3: Language Translation: Experiment with translation tasks by providing a sentence in one language and asking the
model to translate it into another language. Compare the output to see how accurate and fluent the translations are.
 Ex: Prompt: "Translate the following English sentence to French: 'Hello, how are you doing today?'"

Reference Books:
1. Comdex Information Technology course toolkit, Vikas Gupta, WILEY Dreamtech,2--3.
2. The Complete Computer upgrade and repair book, Chery lAS chmidt, WILEY Dreamtech, 2-13, 3rd edition.
3. Introduction to Information Technology, ITL Education Solutions limited, Pearson Education, 2-12, 2ndedition.
4. PC Hardware- A Handbook, Kate J.Chase, PHI (Microsoft).
5. IT Essentials PC Hardware and Software Companion Guide, David Anfinson and Ken Quamme.– CISCO Press,
Pearson Education,3rd edition.
6. IT Essentials PC Hardware and Software Labs and Study Guide, Patrick Regan– CISCO Press, Pearson Education, 3rd
edition.

Web References:
1. PC Hardware & Software Installation: Peripheral Devices: Computer Peripherals - Wikipedia
Components in a CPU: CPU Components and Their Functions - Guru99
2. Internet & World Wide Web: TCP/IP and Networking Basics: TCP/IP Explained - Lifewire
Internet Browsing and Configuration: How Web Browsing Works - HowStuffWorks
3. Word: Microsoft Word Tutorials: Microsoft Word Basics - GCFGlobal
4. Excel: Excel Tutorial and Functions: Excel Tutorial - Microsoft
5. AI Tools - ChatGPT: GPT-3.5 and ChatGPT Information: GPT-3.5 Guide - OpenAI
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

I Year II Semester
NSS / NCC / SCOUTS AND GUIDES / COMMUNITY SERVICE
(Common to ECE, CSE (AI&ML), CSE (DS), CSE(CS) and IT)
Course Category Humanities Course Code 24MH202P
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 0-0-1-0.5
Prerequisites Continuous Evaluation 90
Viva Voce 10
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
Theobjectiveofintroducingthiscourseistoimpartdiscipline,character,fraternity,teamwork,
socialconsciousnessamongthestudentsandengagingtheminselflessservice.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
CO1 Understand the importance of discipline, character and service motto.
CO2 Solvesomesocietalissuesbyapplyingacquiredknowledge,facts,andtechniques.
CO3 Explore human relationships by analyzing social problems.
Determine to extend their help for the fellow beings and downtrodden
CO4
people.
CO5 Develop leadership skills and civic responsibilities.

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 1 1 3
CO2 3 1 3
CO3 3 1 1 3
CO4 3 1 3
CO5 3 3 1 1 1 3
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT – I - Orientation
General Orientation on NSS/NCC/ Scouts & Guides/Community Service activities, career guidance.
Activities:
i) Conducting ice breaking sessions-expectations from the course-knowing personal talents and skills
ii) Conducting orientations programs for the students future plans-activities-releasing road map etc.
iii) Displaying success stories-motivational biopics- award winning movies on societal issues etc.
iv) Conductingtalentshowinsingingpatrioticsongs-paintings-anyothercontribution.

UNIT – II - Nature &Care

Activities:
i) Best out of waste competition.
ii) Poster and signs making competition to spread environmental awareness.
iii) Recycling and environmental pollution article writing competition.
iv) Organising Zero-waste day.
v) Digital Environmental awareness activity via various social media platforms.
vi) Virtual demonstration of different eco-friendly approaches for sustainable living.
vii) Write a summary on any book related to environmental issues.

UNIT – III - Community Service

Activities:
i) Conducting One Day Special Camp in a village contacting village- are a leaders-Survey in the village,
identification of problems-helping them to solve via media-authorities- experts-etc.
ii) Conducting awareness programs on Health-related issues such as General Health, Mental health,
Spiritual Health, HIV/AIDS,
iii) Conducting consumer Awareness. Explaining various legal provisions etc.
iv) Women Empowerment Programmes-Sexual Abuse, Adolescent Health and Population Education.
v) Any other programmes in collaboration with local charities, NGOs etc.

Reference Books:
1. Nirmalya Kumar Sinha & Surajit Majumder, A Text Book of National Service Scheme
Vol;.I, Vidya Kutir Publication, 2021 ( ISBN 978-81-952368-8-6)
2. Red Book - National Cadet Corps Standing Instructions Vol I & II, Directorate
General of NCC, Ministry of Defense, NewDelhi
3. Davis M. L. and cornwell D. A., ―Introduction to Environmental Engineering‖,
McGraw Hill, New York 4/e 2008
4. Masters G. M. Joseph K. and Nagendran R. ―Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science‖,
Pearson Education, New Delhi. 2/e 2007
5. Ram Ahuja. Social Problems in India, Rawat Publications, New Delhi.
General Guidelines:
1. Institutes must assign slots in the Timetable for the activities.
2. Institutes are required to provide instructor to mentor the students.
Evaluation Guidelines:
 Evaluated for a total of 100 marks.
 A student can select 6 activities of his/her choice with a minimum of 01 activity per
unit.Eachactivityshallbeevaluatedbytheconcernedteacherfor15marks, totaling to 90marks.
 Astudentshallbeevaluatedbytheconcernedteacherfor10marksbyconductingviva voce on the subject.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR I SEMESTER
PROBABILITY THEORY AND STOCHASTIC PROCESS
Course Category Basic Science Course Code 24EC301T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites Basics of probability Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The student will learn:
1 The basic concepts of probability, theorems along with mathematical solution, and distribution
of random variables
2 The operations that can be performed on random variables.
3 To know the temporal characteristics of random process
4 To know the spectral characteristics of random process.
5 This gives the concept of noise sources and information theory

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Understand the concept of a Random variable and its classification K2
CO2 Perform operations on single and multiple Random variables K3
CO3 Determine temporal characteristics of Random Signals. K3
CO4 Determine the Spectral characteristics of Random Signals. K3
Understand the concepts of Noise and Information theory in Communication
CO5 K3
systems
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6-
Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PO1 PO1 PS PS
CO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 O1 O2
CO
3 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1
1
CO
3 2 2 1 1 2 2 2
2
CO
2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1
3
CO
2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2
4
CO
2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2
5
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT - I Probability & Random Variable:
Probability introduced through Sets and Relative Frequency: Experiments and Sample Spaces, Discrete and
Continuous Sample Spaces, Events, Probability Definitions and Axioms, Joint Probability, Conditional
Probability, Total Probability, Bay’s Theorem, Independent Events, Random Variable-Definition, Conditions
for a Function to be a Random Variable, Discrete, Continuous and Mixed Random Variable, Distribution and
Density functions, Properties, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Gaussian, Exponential, Rayleigh, Methods of
defining Conditioning Event, Conditional Distribution, Conditional Density and their Properties.
UNIT - II Operations on Single & Multiple Random Variables – Expectations: Expected Value of a
Random Variable, Function of a Random Variable, Moments about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance and
Skew, Chebychev’s Inequality, Characteristic Function, Moment Generating Function, Transformations of a
Random Variable: Monotonic and Non-monotonic Transformations of Continuous Random Variable,
Transformation of a Discrete Random Variable. Vector Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function and its
Properties, Marginal Distribution Functions, Conditional Distribution and Density – Point Conditioning,
Conditional Distribution and Density – Interval conditioning, Statistical Independence. Sum of Two Random
Variables, Sum of Several Random Variables, Central Limit Theorem, (Proof not expected). Unequal
Distribution, Equal Distributions. Expected Value of a Function of Random Variables: Joint Moments about
the Origin, Joint Central Moments, Joint Characteristic Functions, Jointly Gaussian Random Variables: Two
Random Variables case, N Random Variable case, Properties, Transformations of Multiple Random Variables,
Linear Transformations of Gaussian Random Variables.
UNIT - III Random Processes – Temporal Characteristics:
The Random Process Concept, Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Nondeterministic Processes,
Distribution and Density Functions, concept of Stationarity and Statistical Independence. First-Order Stationary
Processes, Second Order and Wide-Sense Stationarity, (N-Order) and Strict-Sense Stationarity, Time Averages
and Ergodicity, Mean-Ergodic Processes, Correlation-Ergodic Processes, Autocorrelation Function and Its
Properties, Cross-Correlation Function and Its Properties, Covariance Functions, Gaussian Random Processes,
Poisson Random Process. Random Signal Response of Linear Systems: System Response – Convolution, Mean
and Mean-squared Value of System Response, autocorrelation Function of Response, Cross-Correlation
Functions of Input and Output.
UNIT - IV Random Processes – Spectral Characteristics:
The Power Spectrum: Properties, Relationship between Power Spectrum and Autocorrelation Function, The
Cross-Power Density Spectrum, Properties, Relationship between Cross-Power Spectrum and Cross-
Correlation Function. Spectral Characteristics of System Response: Power Density Spectrum of Response,
Cross-Power Density Spectrums of Input and Output.
UNIT - V Noise Sources & Information Theory:
Resistive/Thermal Noise Source, Arbitrary Noise Sources, Effective Noise Temperature, Noise equivalent
bandwidth, Average Noise Figures, Average Noise Figure of cascaded networks, Narrow Band noise,
Quadrature representation of narrow band noise & its properties. Entropy, Information rate, Source coding:
Huffman coding, Shannon Fano coding, Mutual information, Channel capacity of discrete channel, Shannon-
Hartley law; Trade -off between bandwidth and SNR
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Peyton Z. Peebles - Probability, Random Variables & Random Signal Principles, 4 th Ed, TMH, 2001.
2. Taub and Schilling - Principles of Communication systems, TMH, 2008
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Bruce Hajck - Random Processes for Engineers, Cambridge unipress, 2015
2. Athanasios Papoulis and S. Unnikrishna Pillai - Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, 4th Ed.,
PHI, 2002.
3. B.P. Lathi - Signals, Systems & Communications, B.S. Publications, 2003.
4. S.P Eugene Xavier -Statistical Theory of Communication, New Age Publications, 2003
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR I SEMESTER
UNIVERSAL HUMAN VALUES – UNDERSTANDING HARMONY
and ETHICAL HUMAN CONDUCT
(Common to CE, EEE, ME, ECE, CSE, IT, CSE(AI&ML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS) and CSE(CYBER
SECURITY)
Course Category HSMC Course Code 23HM301T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 2-1-0-3
Prerequisites Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OUTCOMES
Blooms
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to: Taxonomy
Level
Understand the significance of value inputs in a classroom and start
CO1 K1
applying them in their life and profession
Distinguish between values and skills, happiness and accumulation
of
CO2 physical facilities, the Self and the Body, Intention and Competence K2
of
an individual, etc.
Understand the role of a human being in ensuring harmony in
CO3 Family K1
And Society.
Appraise the role of a human being in ensuring harmony in
CO4 K2
Nature/Existence.
Distinguish between ethical and unethical practices to actualize a
CO5 K2
harmonious environment wherever they work.

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3
CO2 3 3 3 3
CO3 3 2 3
CO4 3 3
CO5 3 3
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT – I Introduction to Value Education: Right Understanding, Relationship and Physical Facility
(Holistic Development and the Role of Education), Understanding Value Education, self-exploration as
the Process for Value Education, Continuous Happiness and Prosperity-the basic human aspirations,
Happiness and Prosperity- Current Scenario, Method to Fulfill the Basic Human Aspirations.
Practice Sessions: PS1 Sharing about Oneself , PS2 Exploring Human Consciousness, PS3 Exploring
Natural Acceptance
UNIT – II Harmony in Human Being: Understanding Human being as the Co-existence of the self and
the body, Distinguishing between the Needs of the self and the body, The body as an Instrument of the
self, Understanding Harmony in the self, Harmony of the self with the body, Programme to ensure self -
regulation and Health
Practice Sessions: PS4 Exploring the difference of Needs of self and body, PS5 Exploring Sources of
Imagination in the self, PS6 Exploring Harmony of self with the body
UNIT – III Harmony in the Family and Society: Harmony in the family - the Basic Unit of Human
Interaction, 'Trust' - the Foundational Value in Relationship, 'Respect' - as the Right Evaluation, Other
Feelings, Justice in Human – to - Human Relationship, Understanding Harmony in the Society, Vision for
the Universal Human Order.
Practice Sessions: PS7 Exploring the Feeling of Trust, PS8 Exploring the Feeling of Respect,
PS9 Exploring Systems to fulfil Human Goal
UNIT – IV Harmony in the Nature/Existence: Understanding Harmony in the Nature,
Interconnectedness, self-regulation and Mutual fulfillment among the Four Orders of Nature, Realizing
Existence as Co- existence at All Levels, The Holistic Perception of Harmony in Existence
Practice Sessions: PS10 Exploring the Four Orders of Nature, PS11 Exploring Co-existence in Existence
UNIT – V Implications of the Holistic Understanding - a Look at Professional Ethics: Natural
Acceptance of Human Values, Definitiveness of (Ethical) Human Conduct, A Basis for Humanistic
Education, Humanistic Constitution and Universal Human Order, Competence in Professional Ethics,
Holistic Technologies, Production Systems and Management Models-Typical Case Studies, Strategies for
Transition towards Value- based Life and Profession.
Practice Sessions: PS12 Exploring Ethical Human Conduct, PS13 Exploring Humanistic Models in
Education, PS14 Exploring Steps of Transition towards Universal Human Order
Text books and Teachers Manual
1. A Foundation Course in Human Values and Professional Ethics, 2nd Revised Edition, Excel Books, New Delhi,
2019. ISBN 978-93-87034-47-1 - R R Gaur, R Asthana, G P Bagaria
2. Teachers’ Manual for A Foundation Course in Human Values and Professional Ethics, 2nd Revised Edition,
Excel Books, New Delhi, 2019. ISBN 978-93-87034-53-2 - R R Gaur, R Asthana, G P Bagaria
Reference Books
1. JeevanVidya: EkParichaya, A Nagaraj, JeevanVidyaPrakashan, Amarkantak, 1999.
2. Human Values, A.N. Tripathi, New Age Intl. Publishers, New Delhi, 2004.
3. The Story of Stuff (Book).
4. The Story of My Experiments with Truth- by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
5. Small is Beautiful - E. F Schumacher.
6. Slow is Beautiful - Cecile Andrews
7. Economy of Permanence - J C Kumarappa
8. Bharat Mein Angreji Raj – PanditSunderlal
9. Rediscovering India - by Dharampal
Web References:
1. https://fdp-si.aicte-india.org
2. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLWDeKF97v9SP_Kt6jqzA3pZ3yA7g_OAQz
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR I SEMESTER
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
Course Category Engineering Science Course Code 24EC302T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites Calculus Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 To study about signals and systems
2 To analyze the spectral characteristics of signal using Fourier series and Fouriertransforms
3 To understand the characteristics of systems
4 To introduce the concept of sampling process
5 To know various transform techniques to analyze the signals and systems

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Differentiate the various classifications of signals and systems K1
Analyze the frequency domain representation of signals using Fourier
CO2 K4
concepts
Classify the systems based on their properties and determine the response of
CO3 K3
LTISystems
CO4 Know the sampling process and various types of sampling techniques K2
Apply Laplace and z-transforms to analyze signals and
CO5 K4
Systems (continuous & discrete)
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
PS0O1 PSO2
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 2 - - - - - - - - - - 3 1
CO2 3 2 - - - - - - - - - - 3 1
CO3 3 2 - - - - - - - - - - 3 1
CO4 3 2 - - - - - - - - - - 3 1
CO5 3 2 - - - - - - - - - - 3 1
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT- I: INTRODUCTION: Definition of Signals and Systems, Classification of Signals, Classification of
Systems, Operations on signals: time-shifting, time- scaling, amplitude-shifting, amplitude-scaling. Problems on
classification and characteristics of Signals and Systems. Complex exponential and sinusoidal signals, Singularity
functions and related functions: impulse function, step function signum function and ramp function. Analogy
between vectors and signals, orthogonal signal space, Signal approximation using orthogonal functions, Mean
square error, closed or complete set of orthogonal functions, Orthogonality in complex functions. Related
problems.

UNIT–II: FOURIER SERIES AND FOURIER TRANSFORM:

Fourier series representation of continuous time periodic signals, properties of Fourier series, Dirichlet’s
conditions, Trigonometric Fourier series and Exponential Fourier series, Relation between Trigonometric and
Exponential Fourier series, Complex Fourier spectrum. Deriving Fourier transform from Fourier series, Fourier
transform of arbitrary signal, Fourier transform of standard signals, Fourier transform of periodic signals,
properties of Fourier transforms, Fourier transforms involving impulse function and Signum function. Introduction
to Hilbert Transform, Related problems.
UNIT-III: ANALYSIS OF LINEAR SYSTEMS: Introduction, Linear system, impulse response, Response of a
linear system, Linear time invariant (LTI) system, Linear time variant(LTV)system, Concept of convolution in time
domain and frequency domain, Graphical representation of convolution, Transfer function of a LTI system, Related
problems. Filter characteristics of linear systems. Distortion less transmission through a system, Signal band
width, system band width, Ideal LPF, HPF and BPF characteristics, Causality and Poly-Wiener criterion for
physical realization, relationship between bandwidth and rise time

UNIT–IV: CORRELATION: Auto-correlation and cross-correlation of functions, properties of correlation

function, Energy density spectrum, Parseval’s theorem, Power density spectrum, Relation between Convolution
and correlation, Detection of periodic signals in the presence of noise by correlation, Extraction of signal from
noise by filtering.
SAMPLINGTHEOREM: Graphical and analytical proof for Band Limited Signals, impulse sampling, Natural
and Flat top Sampling, Reconstruction of signal from its samples, effect of under sampling –Aliasing, Introduction
to B and Pass sampling, Related problems.

UNIT–V: LAPLACE TRANSFORMS: Introduction, Concept of region of convergence (ROC) for Laplace
transforms, constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Properties of L.T’s, Inverse Laplace transform,
Relation between L.T’s, and F.T. of a signal. Laplace transformof certain signals using waveform synthesis.
Z–TRANSFORMS: Concept of Z-Transform of a discrete sequence. Region of convergence in Z- Transform,
constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Inverse Z- transform, properties of Z-transforms. Distinction
between Laplace, Fourier and Z transforms.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Signals, Systems & Communications- B.P.Lathi, BSPublications,2003.
2. Signals and Systems-A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H.Nawab, PHI, 2nd Edn,1997
3. Signals & Systems – Simon Haykin and VanVeen,Wiley,2ndEdition,2007

REFERENCEBOOKS:
1. Principles of Linear Systems and Signals–BP Lathi, Oxford University Press,2015
2. Signals and Systems–TK Rawat, Oxford University press,2011
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR I SEMESTER
ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC303T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Engineering Physics, 70
Prerequisites Semester End Examination
Network Analysis 100
Total Marks

COURSE OBJECTIVES
To learn and understand the basic concepts of semiconductor physics and study the physical phenomena
1
of PN junction diode.
Study the physical phenomena such as conduction, transport mechanism and electrical characteristics of
2
different diodes, to learn and understand the application of diodes.
Acquire knowledge about the principle of working and operation of Bipolar Junction Transistor, to learn
3
and understand the purpose of transistor biasing and its significance.
understand the small signal low frequency equivalent circuit analysis of BJT transistor amplifiers and
4
compare different configurations.
5 understand different types of FETs, their operation, characteristics, and analysis

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Apply the basic concepts of semiconductor physics and understand the formation of K2
CO1 p-n junction and how it can be used as a p-n junction as diode in different modes of
operation
Know the construction, working principle of special diodes and applications of K3
CO2
diodes.
Understand the construction of BJT, principle of operation of BJT with their V-I K2
CO3 characteristics in different configurations. Apply the concepts of transistor biasing,
various biasing techniques for BJT
Perform the analysis of small signal low frequency transistor amplifier circuits K3
CO4
using BJT
Understand the construction of FET, principle of operation of FET with K3
CO5
characteristics in different configurations
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PS01 PSO2
CO1 3 3 2 2 2
CO2 3 3 2 2 2
CO3 3 3 2 2 2
CO4 3 3 2 2 2
CO5 3 3 2 2 2 2
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT-I: Review of Semiconductor Physics: Mobility and Conductivity, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors,
Hall effect, continuity equation, law of junction, Fermi Dirac function, Fermi level in intrinsic and extrinsic
Semiconductors. (Text book: 1)
Junction Diode Characteristics : energy band diagram of PN junction Diode, Open circuited p-n junction, Biased
p-n junction, p-n junction diode, current components in p-n junction Diode, Diode equation, V-I Characteristics,
temperature dependence on V-I characteristics, Diode resistance, Diode capacitance. (Text book: 1)

UNIT-II: Special Semiconductor Devices: Zener Diode, Breakdown mechanisms, Zener diodeapplications, Varactor
Diode, LED, Photodiode, Tunnel Diode, UJT, PNPN Diode, SCR, Construction, operation and V-I characteristics.
(Text book: 1)
Diode Circuits: The Diode as a circuit element, The Load-Line concept, The Piecewise Linear Diode model,
Clipping (limiting) circuits, Clipping at Two Independent Levels, Peak Detector, Clamping circuits, Comparators,
Sampling Gate, Basic Rectifier setup, half wave rectifier, full wave rectifier, bridge rectifier, derivations of
characteristics of rectifiers, Filters, Inductor filter, Capacitor filter, π-section Filter, comparison of various filter
circuits in termsof ripple factors. (Text book: 1, 2)

UNIT- III: Transistor Characteristics: Junction transistor, transistor current components, transistor equation in CB
configuration, transistor as an amplifier, characteristics of transistor in Common Base, Common Emitter and
Common Collector configurations, Ebers-Moll modelof a transistor, punch through/ reach through, Photo transistor,
typical transistor junction voltage values. (Text book: 1)
Transistor Biasing and Thermal Stabilization : Need for biasing, operating point, load line analysis, BJT biasing-
methods, basic stability, fixed bias, collector to base bias, self bias, Stabilization against variations in VBE, Ic,
and β, Stability factors, (S,S',S'’), Bias compensation, Thermal runaway, Thermal stability. (Text book: 1)

UNIT- IV: Small Signal Low Frequency Transistor Amplifier Models

BJT: Two port network, Transistor hybrid model, determination of h-parameters, conversionof h-parameters,
generalized analysis of transistor amplifier model using h-parameters, Analysis of CB, CE and CC amplifiers using
exact and approximate analysis, Comparison of transistor amplifiers. (Text book: 1, 2)

UNIT- V: FET: FET types, JFET operation, characteristics, small signal model of JFET. (Text book: 1)MOSFET:
MOSFET Structure, Operation of MOSFET: operation in triode region, operation in saturation region, MOSFET as a
variable resistor, derivation of V-I characteristics of MOSFET, Channel length modulation, MOS transconductance,
MOS device models: MOS small signal model, PMOS Transistor, CMOS Technology, Comparison of Bipolar and
MOS devices. (Text book: 3)CMOS amplifiers: General Considerations, Common Source Stage, Common Gate
Stage, Source Follower, comparison of FETamplifiers. (Text book: 3)

Text Books:
1. Millman’s Electronic Devices and Circuits- J. Millman, C. C. Halkias and Satyabrata Jit, Mc-Graw Hill
Education, 4th edition, 2015.
2. Millman’s Integrated Electronics-J. Millman, C. Halkias, and Ch. D. Parikh, Mc-Graw Hill Education, 2nd
Edition, 2009.
3. Fundamentals of Microelectronics-Behzad Razavi, Wiley, 3rd edition, 2021.

References:
1. Basic Electronics-Priciples and Applications, Chinmoy Saha,Arindam Halder,Debarati Ganguly,
Cambridge University Press.
2. Electronics devices & circuit theory- Robert L.Boylestad and LouiNashelsky,Pearson,11th edition, 2015.
3. Electronic Devices and Circuits - David A. Bell, Oxford University Press, 5th edition, 2008
Electronic Devices and Circuits- S. Salivahanan, N. Suresh Kumar, Mc-Graw Hill, 5thedition, 2022
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR I SEMESTER
SWITCHING THEORY and LOGIC DESIGN
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC304T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites Universal Logic Gates Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 Number systems, generate codes, Boolean logic and realize simple combinational logic
Minimizing switching functions, adders, sub tractors, code converters using Boolean theorems, K-Map and
2 Tabular Methods
3 Higher order combinational circuits implementation using basic gates and PLDs
4 The working of Flip-Flops, Registers, Counters
5 Mealy and Moore machines and design sequential logic using them

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Apply Knowledge Of Number Systems To Generate Codes, Boolean Logic To Realize
CO1 K3
Simple Combinational Logic.
Minimize And Realize Switching Functions, Adders, Sub tractors, Code Converters Using
CO2 K3
Boolean Theorems, K-Map And Tabular Methods
CO3 Implement Higher Order Combinational Circuits Using Basic Gates And Plds K3
Understand The Working Of Flip-Flops And Registers And Apply The Knowledge To
CO4 K3
Design Counters
CO5 Design And Analyze Mealy And Moore Machines K4
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 2 2 1 2 2
CO2 2 2 1 2 2
CO3 2 2 2 2 2
CO4 2 2 2 2 2
CO5 2 2 2 2 2
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT – I
REVIEW OF NUMBER SYSTEMS & CODES:
Representation of numbers of different radix, conversation from one radix to another radix, r- 1’s
compliments and r’s compliments of signed members. Gray code ,4 bit codes; BCD, Excess-3, 2421, 84-2-1
code etc. Error detection & correction codes: parity checking, even parity, odd parity, Hamming code.
BOOLEAN THEOREMS AND LOGIC OPERATIONS:
Boolean theorems, principle of complementation & duality, De-morgan theorems. Logic operations ; Basic
logic operations -NOT, OR, AND, Universal Logic operations, EX-OR, EX- NOR operations. Standard
SOP and POS Forms, NAND-NAND and NOR-NOR realizations, Realization of three level logic circuits.
UNIT – II
MINIMIZATION TECHNIQUES:
Minimization and realization of switching functions using Boolean theorems, K-Map (up to 6 variables)
and tabular method (Quine - mcclus key method) with only four variables and single function.
COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUITS DESIGN:
Design of Half adder, full adder, half subtractor, full subtractor, applications of full adders; 4- bit adder-
subtractor circuit, BCD adder circuit, Excess 3 adder circuit and carry look-a- head adder circuit, Design
code converts using Karnaugh method and draw the complete circuit diagrams.
UNIT – III
COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUITS DESIGN USING MSI &LSI :
Design of encoder ,decoder, multiplexer and de-multiplexers, Implementation of higher order circuits using
lower order circuits . Realization of Boolean functions using decoders and multiplexers. Design of Priority
encoder, 4-bit digital comparator and seven segment decoder
INTRODUCTION OF PLD’s : PLDs: PROM, PAL, PLA -Basics structures, realization of Boolean
functions, Programming table.
UNIT – IV
SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS I:
Classification of sequential circuits (synchronous and asynchronous) , operation of NAND & NOR Latches
and flip-flops; truth tables and excitation tables of RS flip-flop, JK flip- flop, T flip-flop, D flip-flop with
reset and clear terminals. Conversion from one flip-flop to another flip- flop. Design of 5ripple counters,
design of synchronous counters, Johnson counter, ring counter. Design of registers - Buffer register, control
buffer register, shift register, bi- directional shift register, universal shift, register
Study the following relevant ICs and their relevant functions 7474,7475,7476,7490,7493,74121.
UNIT – V
SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS II :
Finite state machine; state diagrams, state tables, reduction of state tables. Analysis of clocked sequential
circuits Mealy to Moore conversion and vice-versa. Realization of sequence generator, Design of Clocked
Sequential Circuit to detect the given sequence (with overlapping or without overlapping)
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Switching and finite automata theory Zvi.KOHAVI, Niraj. K.Jha 3rdEdition,Cambridge
UniversityPress,2009
2. Digital Design by M.Morris Mano, Michael D Ciletti,4th editionPHIpublication,2008
3. Switching theory and logic design by Hill and Peterson, Mc-Graw Hill TMH edition, 2012.
REFERENCES:
1. Fundamentals of Logic Design by Charles H. Roth Jr,JaicoPublishers,2006
2. Digital electronics by R S Sedha. S.Chand &companylimited,2010
3. Switching Theory and Logic Design by A. Anand Kumar, PHI Learningpvtltd,2016.
4. Digital logic applications and design by John M Yarbough, Cengagelearning,2006. TTL 74-
Seriesdatabook
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR I SEMESTER
ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LABORATORY
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC303P
Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-3-1.5
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Identification of Components Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 To plot the V-I characteristics of various devices -clippers, clampers, transistors, etc…
2 To calculate ripple factor and efficiency of rectifiers
3 To plot the frequency response of different amplifier circuits

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Understand the basic knowledge and analyze the characteristics of clippers, K2
CO1
clampers, Transistor, FET, UJT and SCR.
Calculate the ripple factor for half wave and full wave rectifiers with and K2
CO2
without filters
CO3 Analyze CE and CC amplifiers. K3
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PS01 PSO2
CO1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1
CO2 1 1 2 1 1 1
CO3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

List of Experiments: (Minimum of Ten Experiments has to be performed)

1. clipper circuit using diode

2. Clamping circuit using diode
3. Rectifiers (without and with c-filter) Part A: Half-wave Rectifier
Part B: Full-wave Rectifier
4. BJT Characteristics (CE Configuration) Part A: Input Characteristics
Part B: Output Characteristics
5. FET Characteristics(CS Configuration) Part A: Drain Characteristics
Part B:TransferCharacteristics
6. SCR Characteristics
7. UJT Characteristics
8. Transistor Biasing
9. CRO Operation and its Measurements
10. BJT-CE Amplifier
11. Emitter Follower-CC Amplifier
12. FET-CS Amplifier

Equipment required:
1. Regulated Power supplies
2. Analog/ Digital Storage Oscilloscopes
3. Analog/ Digital Function Generators
4. Digital Multi-meters
5. Decade Resistance Boxes/Rheostats
6. Decade Capacitance Boxes
7. Ammeters(Analog or Digital)
8. Voltmeters(Analog or Digital)
9. Active& Passive Electronic Components
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR I SEMESTER
SWITCHING THEORY and LOGIC DESIGN LABORATORY
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC304P
Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-3-1.5
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. The working of logic gates
2. The interconnection of logic gates to create a combinational circuit and its working
3. The interconnection of logic gates to create a sequential circuit and its working

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Verify the functionality of logic gates Flip-Flops using ICs K3
CO2 Verify the functionality of combinational circuits using ICs K3
CO3 Verify the functionality of sequential circuits using ICs K3
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PS01 PSO2
CO1 2 2 2 2 2
CO2 2 2 2 2 2
CO3 2 2 2 2 2
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

List of Experiments:

1. Verification of truth tables of the following Logic gates

Two input (i) OR (ii) AND (iii) NOR (iv) NAND (v) Exclusive-OR (vi)
Exclusive-NOR
2. Design a simple combinational circuit with four variables and
obtain minimal SOP expression and verify the truth table using
Digital Trainer Kit.
3. Verification of functional table of 3 to 8-line Decoder /De-multiplexer
4. 4 variable logic function verification using 8 to1 multiplexer.
5. Design full adder circuit and verify its functional table.
6. Verification of functional tables of (i) JK Edge triggered Flip–Flop
(ii) JK Master SlaveFlip–Flop (iii) D Flip-Flop
7. Design a four-bit ring counter using D Flip–Flops/JK Flip Flop and verify
output.
8. Design a four-bit Johnson’s counter using D Flip-Flops/JK Flip Flops and
verify output
9. Verify the operation of 4-bit Universal Shift Register for
different Modes ofoperation.
10. Draw the circuit diagram of MOD-8 ripple counter and construct
a circuit using T-Flip- Flops and Test It with a low frequency clock
and sketch the output waveforms.
11. Design MOD–8 synchronous counter using T Flip-Flop and verify
the result and sketch the output waveforms.
12. (a) Draw the circuit diagram of a single bit comparator and test the output
(b) Construct 7 Segment Display Circuit Using Decoder and7 Segment LED
and test it.

Additional Experiments:

1. Design BCD Adder Circuit and Test the Same using Relevant IC
2. Design Excess-3 to 9- Complement convertor using only four
Full Adders and test theCircuit.
3. Design an Experimental model to demonstrate the operation of
74154 De-Multiplexer using LEDs for outputs.
4. Design of any combinational circuit using Hardware Description Language
5. Design of any sequential circuit using Hardware Description Language
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR II SEMESTER
DATA STRUCTURES USING PYTHON
(Common to ECE)
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24CS301S
Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-3-1.5
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 Understand basic data structures in python like Lists, Tuples, Dictionaries, Sets and Maps
2 Design and analyze simple linear data structures.
3 Identify and apply the suitable data structure for the given real world problem.
4 Design and analyze non linear data structures.
5 Gain knowledge in practical applications of data structures

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Understand various data representation techniques in the real world. K3
CO2 Implement linear and non-linear data structures. K3
CO3 Analyze various algorithms based on their time and space complexity. K3
CO4 Develop real-time applications using suitable data structure. K5
CO5 Identify suitable data structure to solve various computing problems K3
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
CO2 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
CO3 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
CO4 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
CO5 3 3 3 3 1 - - - - - - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

List of Experiments:

1. Write a Python program for class, Flower, that has three instance variables of
type str, int, and float that respectively represent the name of the flower, its
number of petals, and its price. Your class must include a constructor method
that initializes each variable to an appropriate value, and your class should
include methods for setting the value of each type, and retrieving the value of
each type.
2. Develop an inheritance hierarchy based upon a Polygon class that has abstract
methods area( ) and perimeter( ). Implement classes Triangle, Quadrilateral,
Pentagon, that extend this base class, with the obvious meanings for the area( )
and perimeter( ) methods. Write a simple program that allows users to create
polygons of the various types and input their geometric dimensions, and the
program then outputs their area and perimeter
3. Write a python program to implement Method Overloading and Method
Overriding.
4. Write a Python program to illustrate the following comprehensions: a) List
Comprehensions b) Dictionary Comprehensions c) Set Comprehensions d)
Generator Comprehensions
5. Write a Python program to generate the combinations of n distinct objects
taken from the elements of a given list. Example: Original list: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8, 9] Combinations of 2 distinct objects: [1, 2] [1, 3] [1, 4] [1, 5] [7, 8] [7, 9]
[8, 9].
6. Write a program for Linear Search and Binary search.
7. Write a program to implement Bubble Sort and Selection Sort.
8. Write a program to implement Merge sort and Quick sort.
9. Write a program to implement Stacks and Queues.
10. Write a program to implement Singly Linked List.
11. Write a program to implement Doubly Linked list.
12. Write a program to implement Binary Search Tree.
`
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR I SEMESTER
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(Common to all branches)
Course Category BASIC SCIENCES Course Code 24BC301T
L-T-P-C 2 -0-0--0
Internal Assessment 30
Course Type prerequisites Theory
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

S.No. Course Objectives

1 To make the students to get awareness on environment
2 To understand the importance of protecting natural resources, ecosystems for
future generations and pollution causes due to the day-to-day activities of human life
3 To save earth from the inventions by the engineers.

Cognitive
COURSE OUTCOMES
Level
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Grasp multi disciplinary nature of environmental studies and various
CO1 K2
renewable and non-renewable resources.
CO2 Understand flow and bio-geo- chemical cycles and ecological pyramids. K2
Understand various causes of pollution and solid waste management and
CO3 K2
related preventive measures.
Understand the rainwater harvesting, watershed management, ozone layer
CO4 depletion and waste land reclamation. K2
Illustrate the casus of population explosion, value education and welfare
CO5 K3
programmes.

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program

Outcomes (1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 1 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 0
CO2 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
CO3 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
CO4 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 0
CO5 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT – I
Multidisciplinary Nature of Environmental Studies: – Definition, Scope and Importance – Need for
Public Awareness.
Natural Resources : Natural resources and associated problems – Forest resources – Use and over –
exploitation, deforestation, case studies – Timber extraction – Mining, dams and other effects on forest
and tribal people – Water resources – Use and over utilization of surface and ground water – Floods,
drought, conflicts over water, dams – benefits and problems – Mineral resources: Use and
exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, case studies – Food
resources: World food problems, changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern
agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies, Energy resources-
Renewable and non-renewable resources (Biomass).

UNIT – II
Ecosystems: Concept of an ecosystem. – Structure and function of an ecosystem – Producers,
consumers and decomposers – Energy flow in the ecosystem – Ecological succession – Food chains,
food webs and ecological pyramids – Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and
function of the following ecosystem:
a)Forest ecosystem, b)Grassland ecosystem, c)Desert ecosystem, e)Aquatic ecosystems (ponds,
streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries)(Primary Treatment)
Biodiversity and Its Conservation : Introduction and Definition: genetic, species and ecosystem
diversity – Bio-geographical classification of India – Value of biodiversity: consumptive use,
Productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and option values – Biodiversity at global, National and local
levels – India as a mega-diversity nation – Hotspots of biodiversity – Threats to biodiversity: habitat
loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts – Endangered and endemic species of India –
Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.

UNIT – III
Environmental Pollution: Definition, Cause, effects and control measures of: a)Air Pollution, b)Water
pollution, c)Soil pollution, d)Marine pollution, e)Noise pollution, f)Thermal pollution, g)Nuclear
hazards (Primarytreatment)
Solid Waste Management: Causes, effects and control measures of urban and industrial wastes – Role
of an individual in prevention of pollution – Pollution case studies – Disaster management: floods,
earthquake, cyclone and landslides.

UNIT – IV
Social Issues and the Environment: From Unsustainable to Sustainable development – Urban
problems related to energy – Water conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management –
Resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns. Case studies – Environmental
ethics (Issues and possible solutions) –Climate change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer
depletion, nuclear accidents and holocaust. Case Studies – Wasteland reclamation. – Consumerism
and waste products. – Environment Protection Act. – Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. –
Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act – Wildlife Protection Act – Forest Conservation Act –
Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation – Public awareness.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

UNIT – V
Human Population and The Environment: Population growth, variation among nations. Population
explosion – Family Welfare Programmes. – Environment and human health – Human Rights – Value
Education – HIV/AIDS – Viral infections -Women and Child Welfare – Role of information
Technology in Environment and human health – Case studies.
Field Work: Visit to a local area to document environmental assets River/forest
grassland/hill/mountain – Visit to a local polluted site-Urban/Rural/Industrial/Agricultural Study of
common plants, insects, and birds – river, hill slopes, etc.

Textbooks:
1. Erach Bharucha,Text book of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses, Universities
Press (India) Private Limited, 2019.
2. Palaniswamy, Environmental Studies, 2/e, Pearson education, 2014.
3. S.Azeem Unnisa, Environmental Studies, Academic Publishing Company, 2021.
4. K.Raghavan Nambiar, ―Text book of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses as per
UGC model syllabus‖, SciTech Publications (India), Pvt. Ltd, 2010.

Reference Books:
1. Deeksha Dave and E.Sai Baba Reddy, Textbook of Environmental Science, 2/e, Cengage
Publications, 2012.
2. M.Anji Reddy, ―Textbook of Environmental Sciences and Technology‖, BS Publication, 2014.
3. J.P. Sharma, Comprehensive Environmental studies, Laxmi publications, 2006.
4. J. Glynn Henry and Gary W. Heinke, Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Prentice Hall of
India Private limited, 1988.
5. G.R. Chatwal, A Text Book of Environmental Studies, Himalaya Publishing House, 2018.
6. Gilbert M. Masters and Wendell P. Ela, Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science,
1/e, Prentice Hall of India Private limited, 1991.

Online Learning Resources:

 https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc23_hs155/preview
 https://www.edx.org/learn/environmental-science/rice-university-ap-r-environmental-science-
part-3-pollution-and-resources?index=product&objectID=course-3a6da9f2-d84c-4773-8388-
1b2f8f6a75f2&webview=false&campaign=AP%C2%AE+Environmental+Science++Part+3%3A+Poll
ution+and+Resources&source=edX&product_category=course&placement_url=https%3A%2F%2Fround-lake.dustinice.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fw
ww.edx.org%2Flearn%2Fenvironmental-science
 http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/Courses/Environmental%20Science-
I/Data%20Files/pdf/lec07.pdf
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5QxxaVfgQ3k
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR II SEMESTER
MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
(Common to CE, EEE, ECE, CSE, and CSE(CYBER SECURITY)

Course Category Management Course - I Course Code 24HM401T

Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 2 -0 -0-2
Prerequisites Internal Assessment 30
Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

Course Outcomes Blooms

Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to Taxonomy Level
CO 1 Understand of the concepts of managerial economics and demand in K1
managerial decision making and predicting demand for goods and services
CO 2 Assess the functional relation among production, cost of production, cost K3
concepts and Break-Even Analysis.
CO 3 Classify market structures for price and output decisions and Appraise the K1
forms of business organizations and trade cycles in economic growth.
CO 4 Apply capital budgeting techniques in financial decision making K3
CO 5 Make use of the final accounting statements and analysis in financial decision K3
making

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)

CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12

CO1 1
CO2 3
CO3 1

CO4 2 3 2
CO5 2 3 2
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT
Unit – I
Managerial Economics: Introduction – Nature, meaning, significance, functions, and advantages.
Demand-Concept, Function, Law of Demand - Demand Elasticity- Types – Measurement. Demand
Forecasting- Factors governing Forecasting, Methods. Managerial Economics and Financial Accounting
and Management.
Unit – II
Production and Cost Analysis: Introduction – Nature, meaning, significance, functions and
advantages. Production Function– Least- cost combination– Short run and long run Production
Function- Isoquants and Is costs, Cost & Break-Even Analysis - Cost concepts and Cost behaviour- Break-
Even Analysis (BEA) - Determination of Break-Even Point (Simple Problems).
Unit – III
Business Organizations and Markets: Introduction – Forms of Business Organizations- Sole
Proprietary - Partnership - Joint Stock Companies - Public Sector Enterprises. Types of Markets
- Perfect and Imperfect Competition - Features of Perfect Competition Monopoly- Monopolistic -
Competition– Oligopoly-Price-Output Determination - Pricing Methods and Strategies
Unit – IV
Capital Budgeting: Introduction – Nature, meaning, significance. Types of Working Capital,
Components, Sources of Short-term and Long-term Capital, Estimating Working capital requirements.
Capital Budgeting– Features, Proposals, Methods and Evaluation. Projects - Pay Back Period Method,
Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) Net Present Value (NPV) Internal Rate Return (IRR) Method
(sample problems)
Unit – V
Financial Accounting and Analysis: Introduction - Concepts and Conventions- Double-Entry
Bookkeeping, Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance- Final Accounts (Trading Account, Profit and Loss Account
and Balance Sheet with simple adjustments). Introduction to Financial Analysis - Analysis and
Interpretation of Liquidity Ratios, Activity Ratios, and Capital structure Ratios and Profitability.

Textbooks:
1. Varshney & Maheswari: Managerial Economics, Sultan Chand.
2. Aryasri: Business Economics and Financial Analysis, 4/e, MGH.

Reference Books :
1. Suma Damodaran - Managerial Economics - Oxford - 2011.
2. Vanitha Agarwal - Managerial Economics - Pearson Publications- 2011.
3.V.Maheswari - Financial Accounting- Vikas Publications - 2018
4. S. A. Siddiqui & A. S. Siddiqui - Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis - New Age
International Publishers – 2012

Web References: https://www.slideshare.net/123ps/managerial-economics-ppt

https://www.slideshare.net/rossanz/production-and-cost-45827016
https://www.slideshare.net/darkyla/business-organizations-19917607
https://www.slideshare.net/balarajbl/market-and-classification-of-market
https://www.slideshare.net/ruchi101/capital-budgeting-ppt-59565396
https://www.slideshare.net/ashu1983/financial-accounting
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR II SEMESTER
LINEAR CONTROL SYSTEMS
Course Category Engineering Science Course Code 24EC402T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
Learn the fundamental concepts of Control systems and mathematical modeling of the system
1
difference between open loop control system and closed loop control system
Learn the representation of various control systems transfer functions in the form of block
2 diagrams and signal flow graphs and obtain a simplified transfer function, and Study the time domain
specifications
3 The concept of stability using Routh criterion and root locus
4 Understand the Concept of frequency response analysis
Understand the concept of Compensation techniques– State Space Analysis of Continuous Systems
5
state variable analysis

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Represent the mathematical model of a system and transfer function of
CO1 K2
mechanical & electrical systems.
Determine the response of servo motor and reduction techniques and time domain
CO2 K2
response
CO3 Analyze the stability in S-domain and root locus of systems K2
CO4 Determine the frequency response using various plots-bode plot, polar plot, etc K2
Know the d e s i g n t e c h n i q u e s a n d state space approach for the analysis of
CO5 K3
control systems
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PS01 PSO2
CO1 3 2 1 2 2
CO2 3 2 1 2 2
CO3 3 2 1 2 2
CO4 3 2 1 2 2
CO5 3 2 1 2 2
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT I - INTRODUCTION
Concepts of System, Control Systems: Open Loop and closed loop control systems and their differences.
Different examples of control systems, Feed-Back Characteristics, Effects of feedback. Mathematical
models, Differential equations, Impulse Response and transfer functions. Translational and Rotational
mechanical systems

UNIT II – TRANSFER FUNCTION REPRESENTATION

Transfer Function of DC Servo motor - AC Servo motor- Synchro-transmitter and Receiver, Block
diagram representation of systems considering electrical systems as examples –Block diagram algebra–
Representation by Signal flow graph-Reduction using mason’s gain formula.
IME RESPONSE ANALYSIS
Standard test signals – Time response of first order systems – Characteristic Equation of Feedback
control systems, Transient response of second order systems – Time domain specifications – Steady state
response - Steady state errors and error constants.

UNIT III – STABILITY ANALYSIS IN S-DOMAIN

The concept of stability – Routh’s stability criterion – qualitative stability and conditional stability –
limitations of Routh’s stability100
Root Locus Technique:
The root locus concept - construction of root loci-effects of adding poles and zeros to G(s)H(s) on
the root loci.

UNIT IV
Frequency response analysis: Introduction, Correlation between time and frequencyresponse, Polar
Plots, Bode Plots, Nyquist Stability Criterion

UNIT V – CLASSICAL CONTROL DESIGN TECHNIQUES

Compensation techniques – Lag, Lead, Lead-Lag Controllers design infrequency Domain,
PIDControllers. State Space Analysis of Continuous Systems Concepts of state, statevariables and
state model, derivation of state models from block diagrams, Diagonalization- Solving the Time invariant
state Equations- State Transition Matrix and it’s Properties – Concepts of Controllability and
Observability.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Automatic Control Systems 8th edition– by B.C.Kuo – Johnwiley and son’s, 2003.
2. Control Systems Engineering –by I. J.Nagrathand M.Gopal, New Age
International (P) Limited, Publishers, 2nd edition, 2007
3. Modern Control Engineering–by Katsuhiko Ogata–Pearson Publications, 5th edition, 2015.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Control Systems by A.Nagoorkani, RB Apublications, 3 edition, 2017.
2. Control Systems by A.Anandkumar, PHI, 2 Edition, 2014.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR II SEMESTER
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC403T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Basics of vector Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites calculus, Review of Semester End Examination 70
Co-ordinate Systems Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 Understand the fundamentals of electric fields, coulomb’s law and gauss law
2 Familiar with of Biot-Savart Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law and Maxwell equations
3 Aware of electromagnetic wave propagation in dielectric and conducting media
4 Study the equivalent circuit of transmission lines and parameters of the transmission lines
5 Learn the working of smith chart and its usage in the calculation of transmission lineparameters

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Determine electric field intensity using coulomb’s law and Gauss law K2
Determine magnetic field intensity using Biot-Savarts Law and Ampere’s
CO2 K2
Circuital Law
CO3 Analyze the electromagnetic wave propagation in dielectric and conducting media K3
Examine the primary and secondary constants of different types of transmission
CO4 K3
lines
Derive the expressions for input impedance, reflection coefficient, and VSWR of
CO5 K3
transmission lines and calculate these parameters using smith chart
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 1
CO2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 1
CO3 3 3 2 2 1 2 3 1
CO4 3 3 2 2 1 2 3 1
CO5 3 3 2 2 1 2 3 1
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT
UNIT I:
Review of Co-ordinate Systems, Electrostatics: Coulomb’s Law, Electric Field Intensity, Electric Flux
Density, Gauss Law and Applications, Electric Potential, Maxwell’s Two Equations for Electrostatic Fields,
Energy Density, Illustrative Problems. Convection and Conduction Currents, Dielectric Constant, Poisson’s
and Laplace’s Equations; Capacitance – Parallel Plate, Coaxial Capacitors, Illustrative Problems.

UNIT II:
Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law and Applications, Magnetic Flux Density,
Maxwell’s Two Equations for Magnetostatic Fields, Magnetic Scalar and Vector Potentials, Forces due to
Magnetic Fields, Ampere’s Force Law, Inductances and Magnetic Energy, Illustrative Problems.
Maxwell’s Equations (Time Varying Fields): Faraday’s Law and Transformer EMF, Inconsistency of
Ampere’s Law and Displacement Current Density, Maxwell’s Equations in Different Final Forms and Word
Statements, Conditions at a Boundary Surface, Illustrative Problems.

UNIT III:
EM Wave Characteristics : Wave Equations for Conducting and Perfect Dielectric Media, Uniform Plane
Waves – Definition, All Relations Between E & H, Sinusoidal Variations, Wave Propagation in Lossy
dielectrics, lossless dielectrics, free space, wave propagation in good conductors, skin depth, Polarization &
Types, Illustrative Problems.
Reflection and Refraction of Plane Waves – Normal and Oblique Incidences, for both Perfect Conductor and
Perfect Dielectrics, Brewster Angle, Critical Angle and Total Internal Reflection, Surface Impedance,
Poynting Vector and Poynting Theorem, Illustrative Problems.

UNIT IV:
Transmission Lines - I : Types, Parameters, T & π Equivalent Circuits, Transmission Line Equations,
Primary & Secondary Constants, Expressions for Characteristic Impedance, Propagation Constant, Phase and
Group Velocities, Infinite Line, Lossless lines, distortion less lines, Illustrative Problems.

UNIT V:
Transmission Lines – II: Input Impedance Relations, Reflection Coefficient, VSWR, Average Power,
Shorted Lines, Open Circuited Lines, and Matched Lines, Low loss radio frequency and UHF Transmission
lines, UHF Lines as Circuit Elements, Smith Chart – Construction and Applications, Quarter wave
transformer, Single Stub Matching, Illustrative Problems.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Elements of Electromagnetic – Matthew N. O. Sadiku, Oxford University Press, 7th edition,
2018.
2. Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems – E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain, PHI, 2nd Edition,
2008.

REFERENCE BOOK:
1. Engineering Electromagnetics – William H. Hayt, John A. Buck, Jaleel M. Akhtar, TMH, 9th
edition, 2020.
2. Electromagnetic Field Theory and Transmission Lines –G. S. N. Raju, PearsonEducation 2006
3. Electromagnetic Field Theory and Transmission Lines: G SasiBhushana Rao,Wiley India
2013.
4. Networks, Lines and Fields John D. Ryder, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2015.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR II SEMESTER
ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC404T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 To learn hybrid- π parameters a thigh frequency and compare with low frequency parameters
To make students learn the purpose of cascading of single stage amplifiers and derive the overall
2
voltage gains
3 Analyze the effect of negative feedback on amplifier characteristics and derive the Characteristics
Learn and understand the basic principle of oscillator circuits and perform the analysis of different
4
oscillator circuits
To develop the basic understanding and analyze different Power amplifiers like Class A, Class B,
5
Class C, Class AB and other types tuned of amplifiers

COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to: BTL
Design and analysis of small signal high frequency transistor amplifier using BJT
CO1 K3
andFET
Design and analysis of multistage amplifiers using BJT and FET and Differential
CO2 K3
amplifier using BJT
CO3 Design and analyze the different types of feedback amplifiers K3
Derive the expressions for frequency of oscillation and condition for oscillation of
CO4 K2
RC and LC oscillators and their amplitude and frequency stability concept
CO5 Know the classification of the power and tuned amplifiers and their analysis with K2
performance comparison
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes (1 – Low, 2 -

Medium, 3 – High)
PO1 PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO1 PO1 PO1 PS PSO PSO
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 O1 2 3
CO1 3 2 2 2 - - - -- - - - - 2 2 3
CO2 3 2 2 - - - - - - - - - 2 2 3
CO3 3 2 2 - - - - - - - - - 2 2 3
CO4 2 1 1 2 - - - -- - - - - 2 2 3
CO5 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - - 2 2 3
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT-I Small Signal High Frequency Transistor Amplifier models:

BJT: Transistor at high frequencies, Hybrid- π common emitter transistor model, Hybrid π conductance,
Hybrid π capacitances, validity of hybrid π model, determination of high- frequency parameters in terms
of low-frequency parameters , CE short circuit current gain, current gain with resistive load, cut-off
frequencies, frequency response and gain bandwidth product.
FET: Analysis of common Source and common drain Amplifier circuits at high frequencies.

UNIT-II
Multistage Amplifiers: Classification of amplifiers, methods of coupling, cascaded transistor
amplifier and its analysis, analysis of two stage RC coupled amplifier, high input resistance transistor
amplifier circuits and their analysis-Darlington pair amplifier, Cascode amplifier, Boot-strap emitter
follower, Differential amplifier using BJT.

UNIT-III
Feedback Amplifiers: Feedback principle and concept, types of feedback, classification of amplifiers,
feedback topologies, Characteristics of negative feedback amplifiers, Generalized analysis of feedback
amplifiers, Performance comparison of feedback amplifiers, Method of analysis of feedback amplifiers.

UNIT-IV
Oscillators: Oscillator principle, condition for oscillations, types of oscillators, RC- phase shift and Wien
bridge oscillators with BJT and FET and their analysis, Generalized analysis of LC Oscillators, Hartley
and Colpitt’s oscillators using BJT, Frequency and amplitude stability of oscillators.

UNIT-V
Power Amplifiers: Classification of amplifiers(A to H), Class A power Amplifiers, Class B Push-pull
amplifiers, Complementary symmetry push pull amplifier, Class AB power amplifier, Class-C power
amplifier, Thermal stability and Heat sinks.
Tuned Amplifiers: Introduction, Q-Factor, small signal tuned amplifier, capacitance single tuned
amplifier, double tuned amplifiers, , staggered tuned amplifiers

Text Books:
1. Integrated Electronics- J.Millman and C.C.Halkias, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1972.
2. Electronic Devices and Circuits Theory –Robert L.Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Pearson/ Prentice
Hall, Tenth Edition, 2009.
3. Electronic Devices and Integrated Circuits – B.P. Singh, Rekha, Pearson publications, 2006
References:
1. Electronic Circuit Analysis and Design –Donald A.Neaman, McGrawHill, 2010.
2. Micro electronic Circuits-Sedra A.S. and K.C. Smith, Oxford University Press, Sixth
Edition, 2011.
3. Electronic Circuit Analysis-B.V.Rao, K.R.Rajeswari, P.C.R.Pantulu, K.B.R.Murthy, Pearson
Publications
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR II SEMESTER
ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC405T
Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 3-0-0-3
Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Prerequisites Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 To know the basics of Analog Communication
2 To extend the modulation techniques for better communication.
3 To know the concepts of Frequency Modulation
4 To study the transmitting & receiving phenomenon by using different receivers & transmitters types
To study various effects of noise on Communication Systems. And To study about different Pulse
5
Modulation techniques

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
CO1 Understand the concepts of amplitude modulation K2
CO2 ComparedifferenttypesofAmplitudeModulationandDemodulationtechniques K2
Interpret the Radio Transmitters completely, Analyze the concepts of generation and
CO3 K3
detection of Angle Modulated signals
CO4 Outline the Radio Receivers with different sections K2
Illustrate the noise performance in Analog Modulation techniques and also the
CO5 K3
concepts of Pulse Analog Modulation and Demodulation techniques
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes (1 – Low,

2 -Medium, 3 – High)
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CO2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CO3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CO4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
CO5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

Unit – I
Amplitude Modulation: Introduction to Fourier transform, Introduction to communication system, Need
for modulation, Frequency Division Multiplexing, Amplitude Modulation, Time domain and Frequency
domain descriptions, Single tone modulation, Power relations in AM waves, Generation of AM waves:
Square law Modulator, Switching modulator, Detection of AM Waves: Square law detector, Envelope
detector, Related problems.

Unit – II
DSB & SSB Modulation: Double sideband suppressed carrier modulator: Time domain and frequency
domain description, Generation of DSBSC Waves: Balanced Modulator, Ring Modulator, Detection of
DSBSC Waves: Coherent detection, Quadrature Null Effect, COSTAS Loop, Squaring Loop.
Single sideband suppressed carrier modulator: Time domain and Frequency domain description,
Generation of SSBSC Waves: Frequency discrimination method, Phase discrimination method,
Demodulation of SSB Waves: Coherent Detection.
Vestigial sideband modulation: Time domain description, Frequency domain description, Generation of
VSB Modulated wave, Envelope detection of a VSB Wave pulse Carrier, Comparison of different AM
Techniques, Applications of different AM Systems, Related problems.

Unit – III
Angle Modulation: Introduction, Basic concept of phase modulation, Frequency Modulation: Single tone
frequency modulation, Spectrum Analysis of Sinusoidal FM Wave, Narrow band FM, Wide band FM,
Constant Average Power, Transmission bandwidth of FM Wave, Generation of FM Waves: Direct
Method, Indirect Method, Detection of FM Waves: Balanced Frequency discriminator, Zero crossing
detector, Phase locked loop, Comparison of FM & AM, Related problems.

Unit – IV
Radio Transmitters: Classification of Transmitters, AM Transmitter, Effect of feedback on performance
of AM Transmitter, FM Transmitter: Variable reactance type and Phase modulated FM Transmitter,
Frequency stability in FM Transmitter.
Radio Receivers: Receiver Types: Tuned radio frequency receiver, Super heterodyne receiver, RF
section and Characteristics, Frequency changing and tracking, Intermediate frequency, AGC, FM
Receiver, Amplitude limiting, Comparison of FM & AM Receivers, Communication Receivers,
Extension of super heterodyne principle and additional circuits.

Unit – V
Noise: Review of noise and noise sources, Noise figure, Noise in Analog communication Systems: Noise
in DSB & SSB Systems, Noise in AM System and Noise in Angle Modulation Systems, Threshold effect
in Angle Modulation System, Pre-emphasis & De-emphasis.
Pulse Analog Modulation: Types of Pulse modulation, PAM (Single polarity, double polarity), PWM:
Generation & Detection of PWM, PPM: Generation and Detection of PPM, Time Division Multiplexing,
TDM Vs FDM.
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

Text Books:
1. Communication Systems, Simon Haykin, Michael Moher, Wiley, 5th Edition, 2009.
2. Principles of Communication Systems, H Taub, D L Schilling, Gautam Sahe, TMH, 4th
Edition, 2017.
3. Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, B.P.Lathi, Zhi Ding, Hari Mohan
Gupta,Oxford University Press, 4th Edition, 2017.

Reference Books:
1. Electronics & Communication Systems, George Kennedy, Bernard Davis, S R M Prasanna,
TMH, 6th Edition, 2017.
2. Communication Systems, R P Singh, S D Sapre, TMH, 3nd Edition, 2017.
3. Communication Systems (Analog and Digital), Dr. Sanjay Sharma, Katson Books, 7th
Reprint Edition, 2018

Web Links:
1. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/117102059/ Prof. Surendra Prasad.
2. https://ict.iitk.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/EE320A-Principles-Of-
Communication- CommunicationSystems-4ed-Haykin.pdf.
3. https://www.scribd.com/document/266137872/sanjay-sharma-pdf.
4. http://bayanbox.ir/view/914409083519889086/Book-Modern-Digital-And-
AnalogCommunication- Systems-4th-edition-by-Lathi.pdf.
5. https://soaneemrana.org/onewebmedia/ELECTRONICS%20COMMUNICATION%20SYSTEM%20
BY%20GEORGE%20KENNEDY.pdf
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR II SEMESTER
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS LABORATORY
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC404P
Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-3-1.5
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Concepts of Signals
Semester End Examination 70
and Systems
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1 To gain knowledge on topics like vector space, basis dimension, inner product, norm and
orthogonal basis of signals using programming
2 To develop relationship for linear systems and response of LTI system using convolution
using Programming.
3 To apply the concepts of Laplace, transform and Z-transform for analyzing continuous and
discrete time signals and systems respectively with the help of Programming.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Cognitive
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to:
Level
Apply the knowledge of linear algebra topics like vector space, basis, K3
CO1
dimension, inner product, norm and orthogonal basis to signals.
Develop input output relationship for linear systems and Classify systems based on
CO2 their properties and determine the response of LTI system usingconvolution K2
Apply the Laplace transform and Z-transform for analyze of continuous K3
CO3
and discrete time signals and systems respectively.
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)

CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2

CO1 3 2 1 1 3 1

CO2 3 2 1 1 3 1

CO3 3 2 1 1 3 1
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

List of Experiments:
I. Generation of Basic Signals (Analog and Discrete)
1. Unit step
2. Unit impulse
3. Unit Ramp
4. Sinusoidal
5. Signum

II. Operations on signals

1. Addition & Subtraction
2. Multiplication & Division
3. Maximum & minimum

III. Energy and power of signals ,even and odd signals

IV. Transformation of the independent variable

1. Shifting (Delay & Advance)
2. Reversing
3. Scaling

V. Convolution & Deconvolution

VI. Correlation

VII. Fourier Series Representation

VIII. Fourier Transform and Analysis of Fourier Spectrum

IX. Laplace Transform

X. Z-Transforms
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR II SEMESTER
ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS LABORATORY
Course Category Professional Core Course Code 24EC404P
Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-0-3-1.5
Prerequisites Continuous Internal Assessment 30
Concepts of Amplifiers Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. To analyze frequency response of multistage amplifiers.
2. To illustrate the effect of feedback on the performance of the amplifier.
3. To design oscillators and power amplifiers for the given specifications.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to: Cognitive Level
CO1 Analyze the frequency response of multistage amplifiers. K2
CO2 Explain the effect of feedback on the performance of the amplifier. K2
CO3 Design Oscillators and Power amplifiers for the given specifications. K3
K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K4- Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program

Outcomes (1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2
CO1 3 1 3 3
CO2 3 2 2 1 2 3
CO3 3 2 2 3 2 3
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

List of Experiments:

List of Experiments: (Minimum of Ten Experiments has to be performed)

1. Determination of Ft of a given transistor.
2. Voltage-Series Feedback Amplifier
3. Current-Shunt Feedback Amplifier
4. RC Phase Shift/Wien Bridge Oscillator
5. Hartley/Colpitt’s Oscillator
6. Two Stage RC Coupled Amplifier
7. Darlington Pair Amplifier
8. Boots trapped Emitter Follower
9. Class A Series-fed Power Amplifier
10. Transformer-coupled Class A Power Amplifier
11. Class B Push-Pull Power Amplifier
12. Complementary Symmetry Class B Push-Pull Power Amplifier
13. Single Tuned Voltage Amplifier
14. Double Tuned Voltage Amplifier

Equipment required: Software:

i. Multisim/Equivalent Industrial Standard Licensed simulation software tool.
ii. Computer Systems with required specifications

Hardware Required:
1. Regulated Power supplies
2. Analog/Digital Storage Oscilloscopes
3. Analog/Digital Function Generators
4. Digital Multimeters
5. Decade Résistance Boxes/Rheostats
6. Decade Capacitance Boxes
7. Ammeters (Analog or Digital)
8. Voltmeters (Analog or Digital)
9. Active & Passive Electronic Components
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR II SEMESTER
SOFT SKILLS

Course Category Humanities Course Code 24BE401S

Course Type Laboratory L-T-P-C 0-1-2-2
Prerequisites Internal Assessment 30
LSRW Skills Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

COURSE OBJECTIVES

1 To prepare to face global competition for employment and excellence in the profession.
To help the students understand and build intrapersonal and interpersonal skills that will
2
enable them to lead meaningful professional lives.

Cognitive
S.NO COURSE OUTCOME
Level
Assimilate and understood the meaning and importance of soft kills and K1
1 CO1
learn how to develop them.
Understand the significance of skills in the working environment for K2
2 CO2
Professional excellence.
3 CO3 Prepare to undergo the placement process with confidence and clarity. K3
Ready to face any situation in life and equip themselves to handle them K6
4 CO4
effectively.
Understand and learn the importance of etiquette in both professional K2
5 CO5
and personal life.

K1- Remembering, K2- Understanding, K3-Applying, K-4 Analyzing, K5- Evaluating, K6- Creating

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes (1 – Low, 2 -

Medium, 3 – High)

PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PSO PSO PSO

CO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
CO1 - - - - - - - - - 2 - 3 - - -
CO2 - - - - - - - - - 2 - 3 - - -
CO3 - - - - - - - - - 3 - 3 - - -
CO4 - - - - - - - - - 3 - 2 - - -
CO5 - - - - - - - - - 2 - 3 - - -
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT I
Introduction:
Introduction: Emergence of life skills, definition, Importance& need, reasons for skill gap, Analysis--Soft Skills
vs. hard skills, Linkage between industry and soft skills, Challenges, Personality Developments. Soft Skills, Soft
Skills vs English - Improving Techniques.

UNIT II
Intra-Personal:
Definition-Meaning–Importance- SWOT analysis, Johari windows- Goal Setting – quotient skills - Emotional
Intelligence- Attitudinal skills - Right thinking- Problem Solving-Time management, stress management.

UNIT III
Inter-Personal:
Definition–Meaning–Importance-Communications skills-Teamwork, managerial skills
-Negotiation skills -Leadership skills, corporate etiquettes.

UNIT IV
Verbal Skills:
Definition and Meaning-Listening skills, need- types, advantages, Importance-Improving Tips for Listening,
Speaking, need- types, benefits, Importance- Improving Tips, Reading- Writing Skills, Report, Resume,
statement of purpose, need- types, advantages, Importance-Improving Tips.

UNIT V
Non Verbal Skills & Interview skills

Definition and Meaning – Importance- Facial Expressions- Eye Contact – Proxemics- Haptics -Posture, cross
cultural body language, body language in the interview room, appearance and dress code–Kinetics-Para
Language-tone, pitch, pause, neutralization of accent, use of appropriate language, Interview skills, interview
methods, and questions.

TEXT BOOKS
Sherfield, M. Robert at al, Cornerstone Developing SoftSkills,4/e, Pearson Publication, New Delhi,
1.
2014.
2. Alka Wadkar, Life Skills for Success, 1/e, Sage Publications India Private Limited, 2016.

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Sambaiah .M. Technical English, Wiley Publishers India. New Delhi. 2014.
2. Gangadhar Joshi, From Campus to Corporate, SAGE TEXT.
3. Alex. K, Soft Skills, 3rd ed. S. Chand Publication, New Delhi, 2014.
Meenakshi Raman and Sangita Sharma, Technical Communication: Principles and Practice, Oxford
4.
University Press, 2009.
5. Shalini Varma, Body Language for Your Success Mantra, 4/e, S. Chand Publication, New Delhi, 2014.
6. Stephen Covey, Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, JMDBook, 2013.

Online Learning Resources:

1. https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc20_hs60/preview
2. http://www.youtube.com/@softskillsdevelopment6210
3. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLLy_2iUCG87CQhELCytvXh0E_y-bOO1_q&si=Fs05Xh8ZrOPsR8F4
4. https://www.coursera.org/learn/people-soft-skills-assessment?language=English
5. https://www.edx.org/learn/soft-skills
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

II YEAR II SEMESTER
DESIGN THINKING & INNOVATION
(Common to CE, EEE, ME, ECE, CSE, IT, CSE(AI&ML), CSE(AI), CSE(DS) and CSE(CYBER
SECURITY)

Course Category BS&H Course Code 24HM401P

Course Type Theory L-T-P-C 1 -0 -2-2

Prerequisites Internal Assessment 30

Semester End Examination 70
Total Marks 100

Course Outcomes Blooms Taxonomy

Upon successful completion of the course, the student will be able to Level
CO 1 Define the concepts related to design thinking. K1
CO 2 Explain the fundamentals of Design Thinking and innovation. K2
CO 3 Apply the design thinking techniques for solving problems in various K3
sectors.
CO 4 Analyze to work in a multidisciplinary environment. K4
CO 5 Evaluate the value of creativity. K5

Contribution of Course Outcomes towards achievement of Program Outcomes

(1 – Low, 2 - Medium, 3 – High)
CO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
CO1 1 1 3 1 3 1 1
CO2 3 2 3
CO3 1 3 3 1 1
CO4 3 3
CO5 3 3 3 2
 PRAGATI ENGINEERING COLLEGE: SURAMPALEM
(Autonomous) R23
DEPARTMENT ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

COURSE CONTENT

UNIT – I Introduction to Design Thinking

Introduction to elements and principles of Design, basics of design-dot, line, shape, form as fundamental
design components. Principles of design. Introduction to design thinking, history of Design Thinking, New
materials in Industry.

UNIT - II Design Thinking Process

Design thinking process (empathize, analyze, idea & prototype), implementing the process in driving
inventions, design thinking in social innovations. Tools of design thinking - person, costumer, journey
map, brainstorming, product development
Activity: Every student presents their idea in three minutes, Every student can present design process in
the form of flow diagram or flow chart etc. Every student should explain about product development.

UNIT - III Innovation

Art of innovation, Difference between innovation and creativity, role of creativity and innovation in
organizations. Creativity to Innovation. Teams for innovation, Measuring the impact and value of
creativity.
Activity: Debate on innovation and creativity, Flow and planning from idea to innovation, Debate on
value-based innovation.

UNIT - IV Product Design

Problem formation, introduction to product design, Product strategies, Product value, Product planning,
product specifications. Innovation towards product design Case studies.
Activity: Importance of modeling, how to set specifications, Explaining their own product design.

UNIT – V Design Thinking in Business Processes

Design Thinking applied in Business & Strategic Innovation, Design Thinking principles that redefine
business – Business challenges: Growth, Predictability, Change, Maintaining Relevance, Extreme
competition, Standardization. Design thinking to meet corporate needs. Design thinking for Startups.
Defining and testing Business Models and Business Cases. Developing & testing prototypes.
Activity: How to market our own product, about maintenance, Reliability and plan for startup.

Textbooks:
1. Tim Brown, Change by design, 1/e, Harper Bollins, 2009.
2. Idris Mootee, Design Thinking for Strategic Innovation, 1/e, Adams Media, 2014.
Reference Books:
1. David Lee, Design Thinking in the Classroom, Ulysses press, 2018.
2. Shrrutin N Shetty, Design the Future, 1/e, Norton Press, 2018.
3. William lidwell, Kritinaholden, &Jill butter, Universal principles of design, 2/e, Rockport
Publishers, 2010.
4. Chesbrough.H, The era of open innovation, 2003.
Web Resources:
 https://nptel.ac.in/courses/110/106/110106124/
 https://nptel.ac.in/courses/109/104/109104109/
 https://swayam.gov.in/nd1_noc19_mg60/preview
 https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc22_de16/preview