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CAIE-IGCSE-Physics - Alternative To Practical

Checkpoint practical

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79 views5 pages

CAIE-IGCSE-Physics - Alternative To Practical

Checkpoint practical

Uploaded by

uzorsikec
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ZNOTES.

ORG

UPDATED TO 2023-2025 SYLLABUS

CAIE IGCSE
PHYSICS
SUMMARIZED NOTES ON THE THEORY SYLLABUS
Prepared for UZORSIKE for personal use only.
CAIE IGCSE PHYSICS

Apparatus: Heater, Thermometer, Beaker, Stopwatch,


1. Safety Precautions Beaker containing Water.
Procedure:
Live wires should not be touched. Place heater into beaker and turn it on to raise the
Hot objects should not be touched with bare hands - temperature of water to 60°C
gloves should be used Stir the contents of the water and place thermometer
Circuit connections should be checked and approved by into the beaker.
the teacher and then only the circuit should be switched Note the starting temperature and turn on the
on stopwatch.
While changing components of the circuit the power Take readings of the thermometer and stopwatch at
should be switched off so that one should not regular intervals (e.g. 60 sec).
experience electric shocks. Draw up a table and plot a graph to conclude your
Safety goggles, gloves and other safety components experiment.
should be used while handling experiments.
While handling a mercury thermometer, one should take
care/handle with care so that thermometer does not
4. Picking a Better Insulator
break/fall spilling mercury.
Apparatus: Two large cans, two small cans, cotton wool,
polystyrene beads, boiling water, thermometers,
2. Specific Heat Capacity stopwatch
Procedure:
Apparatus: Solid block, Drill, Thermometer, Heater (of Put the small cans into the large cans and insulate
known power), Cotton wool. the small can with (i) cotton wool and (ii) polystyrene
Procedure: beads
Drill two holes in the block. Pour boiling water into the small cans and place the
Measure the mass of the block. thermometers in them.
Place the heater in one of the holes, the Start the stopwatch and take readings of
thermometer in the other. temperature at regular intervals.
Use cotton wool to properly insulate/lag the block. Record readings in a table for each insulator.
Note the initial temperature of block and turn on The small can that has the higher temperature over
heater for xseconds the fixed period is better insulated.
Hence, object that provides a less temperature loss
Calculate Heat Energy Supplied by heater using
over the period is the better insulator.
formula Q=Pt.
Note the final temperature of block.
Specif ic heat capacity = m×ΔT Q
​
. 5. Refraction of Light
3. Cooling Rate of Water

WWW.ZNOTES.ORG Copyright © 2024 ZNotes Education & Foundation. All Rights Reserved. This document is
authorised for personal use only by UZORSIKE at Crystal Brooks Schools on 19/12/24.
CAIE IGCSE PHYSICS

Apparatus: Ray Box, Rectangular piece of glass, Plain


paper, Pencil. 8. Centre of Mass
Procedure:
Place the Plain paper below the rectangular piece of Centre of mass of a plane lamina:
glass. Make a hole in the lamina.
Project a ray towards the glass. Hang it so it can swing freely.
Make two points to mark the incident ray, two to Hang a plumb line in the hole and mark the line it
mark the refracted ray and two to mark the emergent passes through.
ray. Repeat the procedure again to get another line
Join all the lines, measure the angles and calculate Their intersection point is the center of mass.
refractive index. Stability of simple objects:
Repeat with different angles; Snell's law shown. The position of the centre of mass affects an object’s
stability. If the centre of mass of an object is low, it is
6. Resistance and less likely to tip if tilted.
To increase stability:
Temperature Lower the centre of mass.
Widen the base of the object.

Apparatus: Resistor, Battery, Connecting wires,


Ammeter, Voltmeter, Oven. 9. Improving Accuracy
Procedure:
Make a circuit with the battery, connecting wires,
ammeter and voltmeter, resistor.
Measure the resistance of the resistor using the
formula R=V/I.
Heat the resistor in the oven. Place the resistor back
into the circuit.
Measure the readings again and calculate R=V/I.
Draw up a conclusion about how the resistance
increases as temperature increases.

7. Speed of Sound
Apparatus: Two observers, Gun, Stopwatch.
Procedure:
Two observers are set apart at a known distance.
One observer has the gun, the other has the
stopwatch.
Observer A fires the gun, Observer B starts the
stopwatch when he sees the puff of smoke.
Observer B stops the stopwatch when he hears the
sound and the time is noted.
Speed = Distance
Time applied.
​

The observers swap positions and repeat the


experiment.
The values are averaged and the speed of sound is
obtained.

WWW.ZNOTES.ORG Copyright © 2024 ZNotes Education & Foundation. All Rights Reserved. This document is
authorised for personal use only by UZORSIKE at Crystal Brooks Schools on 19/12/24.
CAIE IGCSE PHYSICS

10. Inaccuracies
Why angle i is NOT equal to angle r in ray
experiment:
Thickness of pins
Thickness of mirror
Protractor is not precise
Inaccuracy of ray box method: thickness of rays.
Inaccuracy of pin method: pins not straight, or too
close, or thickness of lines drawn.
Measuring 10 oscillations rather than 1:
Reduce human errors
Give more accurate value of time taken (T)
Gives an average of T

11. Graphs
Drawing graphs:
Label axis
Choose a proper scale
Well-judged best fit line
Thin and neat lines
Measuring the gradient:
Draw a triangle on graph
Use clear lines
Triangle must be larger than half the line
For 2 values to be directly proportional, graph of the
values be a straight line from origin.

WWW.ZNOTES.ORG Copyright © 2024 ZNotes Education & Foundation. All Rights Reserved. This document is
authorised for personal use only by UZORSIKE at Crystal Brooks Schools on 19/12/24.
CAIE IGCSE
Physics

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This version was created by UZORSIKE on Thu Dec 19 2024 for strictly personal use only.
These notes have been created by ZNotes Team for the 2023-2025 syllabus.
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