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Classical mechanics

Classical mechanics

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Fathima Noorah
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10 views

Classical mechanics

Classical mechanics

Uploaded by

Fathima Noorah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
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opamp APPLICATIONS 2 €bsed Joep arreyhing = closed Legp confiqueation ef op-PrP* fecdbach ig clted geedbock 3 An qpamp tub wes anopleprer - 4 wmttines clued desed lup emp Liger 2 Feelhark cen bt be positive ey meget ) ¢ a Yay be Cre feedback) Cine oaiock) -we fedhuk Ke 4 type = Na we lfege —Sers {bo 2) voltage _ shunt fb 3) duwrenk - Senes fb 4) turreat- dunk fb 3 vollage clocc-hwep unverting are mosk amp apd widely > caved ting op-emp sprduct , Vin Ne a -ve output voltage a i i an 15 a ve. r ™“ bg ts always negetive an 6e (vesting me) 3 tht fedhak. wrnection beluztn the ao ontpet ank fee inverting spp” } OA (ey feminel pras te differnral ae ‘ wel. fap voltage tpward ys eee By Mee i ,) nen Ivey ing amp. Sapgee t tagst 2 a " ze “For. ee yy Aoeerth Then he gan of the anylifre? of a lewd lop 2 Tun he ie called ~ closed loep yom: , ¥) ty fo 9 ten « ceed loop ering amps fe. negelive fedou i weeaelely comtork the sewrnall yun of amp 2 fun “bp voltage ancl negelive peedhack volfage gai 7 F" bemed as fuming point. F me spentle te seat Spl” Sy pal fmm the dverhhg jypad 7 by “nny ayy tout Res by , By DF Ke effe o- 6 Cloced leop Sedback Caver Ing cnet! > DOSES LG te voltage potenhinl ab the invertry mpul heirgy quel Lo thet af- We nen - anver ting tipo prodiwdng « Visttiel casth Senmung patrt . peel go EMP bewmes a D1) Ilha Gove ting Amp cexuup the op—argp sy cornet “tb feedback tp prducie & closed feop operation. Comp 29 No wrrenr flows nya the opt demninet sy, alewcupy equal hi ve, A0 Cdifgerential yp eg r6 B50) Yrrpeal ese. the Frcin of put aryl Feedback seynal (% ) I ob he fore pokerMal as the yp Mmputy Wt 49 al Zey0 Volk + 7 ground then, the Juntion i ¢ a “veoteece/ cay.” + eloged —Loop gen 3 “rent I flows twugh the resi nehvor k. Loyiy tno, FF hho AMY m0 Vou. fe a4 EO = tin = Vout 5 in venting , the oP B Rin + RF. verted and amp ified | 5, DT = Vn -¥e Vout suit) @ phase Sift of ue" i Rin Rp behvunr he tp ord esp . Pn ta ote “ 2 Inpul signal js appleed Rip Rin ye ‘ to Ine (— J upve ying i so, “iD 2 yp fa +¢ vat a, Rin Rin Rp D yeh, «a and as T= vin-0 . on 5 gains teynired PY -— a ratio of ferbhack sos he7 7 RE s-Vour | te ip rerkboo pv suhenhe Ar x 2 ten Vos Cainer gory) Vout , oo: vn sealing ov weighte ple Rin a RE 3 ff cach Vin %S cumplefre of veut 2 oBE y yin. by differert factor, the kr Rin fren called a sealing F this egn respre sents that the ey wenghled emp. UmiF G Linay sp nehere Ff Ra, Ry, Re ane differcrk, fy a ficed ampliny gu? ty = ~RF a 2 oth te 2 itp ude rd) 2 pnowrey apphicublor of inwatiog ap emp lifte 1 7 foars imped ence Gta Amp ligic”- Ca ucrrent to volkge — Avemge uouu't: rf Voce __wonverke r) a equal fo. te Paverage | oon , } Suamming amp: Per 2 tf RaeRy ke of all va: | ie Suhtn Ra 2 Rpeke =, ee l We = HE Ces ave) ROE 6 Yo 1s equal to -ve sum of all touts Himes tne gain. onsite « here th, l- ti V, a ree empcgie ret ts called Simbg tout mi couceaey) Closed loop Non anverting op- arp v J Ip non-deverting ep-o™p the opal vollage (in) 1s elrnectly- appled fe te lenminal ey mn énvestrg ferminel > then the out gain af amp berms positive. a Feedback of 100 -dnv ep-armp is by epplyY a srall pot of the eatpul vollege signal hbewk Io the mverting () thpud temminal vie Ry - Re. voiluge divider nehwotk, ayo? producers ve fecAbeck. > thy nen — apverting pany amu howe, ~ very good lebiddly . - a vey hugh Vp arppedene Lin eppouhig 2 — 20 Wwrrent Jews njo he +vE terminal - D> kow catpul impedence 7 bez of viatual eoxtr red€, here ky and Re Sern « Seople voltage clivide x nclleork — geroye the nen— Investing amp with voltage JA of ralio of Ry end Re Clesea_ loop vollageé gain of \nen—iw peat Ro ReS i “ie Rot Re Oe = A yi, 44 Ca “ > @otephial cory deed durmming perk yy = vy. Re mebiort) wae y Ay =Touk Kip > Bate Ra. a @) thus Ay = +e 2. = gato rs 4ve tp nalive Dif % is Ler, the Av of arn equal tog ent unity) Dif Ra 1 zee, he bv will eppweeh ingint'ty (00) Ht there are 2 puts, mn - Mw Yt aves Ab AK _| i Web| ‘4 Rp Ve (+ a pee") Re 3 Aveang 04 amp + ofp vollage is equal to the average °F 3 all Vin times the gain oF Gee crkt. D tormpaning 0 mwverting op, 7: syncherge ey phase Yeversal ewe mage otletys byw whe oF Vp end ojp- Doth thre | Vig CH) 8s output vollage Sum of all fe, if (+ RE ye 3. Fe, TF OT GE) <3 DJ hene the ‘aiiliibilie. 1s equal te the 70+ of ‘} bet ornts equed 1 ipput volkeges- uy Yo = Va thy the unudh 16 called ™ honinve yHng Summing argphit B® piperential Amp confi gnation (oles, leur > ty RY s eg 2h eufpevericl Dep BS 0 u poke Ee vellageé sabshatht cykb uhih Vp pa ee ; Ive prwcdluces cudrl to Mlege proporteml te the vollege clifferene of two hy a inpt signals applied fo the pr of tnverting end non doveshrg fermireds of an opranp> FP The freesfer gtho for ce ogferenhal Amp Js, ond whip p, Ra sd RF =R3, Vou = Re [enn £L [rn] Tp = ba - Vout So ecko ~ Ogee Pp =k, be then gain will b¢ erty. Summing polph:Va-"e. and “Vout = (va.-%) 2783 Your uo will be ve. 3 YW Ve26 1 1220 then vouroy, 7 Pf vw ts move than v the and vy = Vy ee | Sif y te more her te, | Vota) = "(RE ) Vout Summ vill be te. 2 if ywso Voutb) = [= ae) aaa 2 Veut = —Veup ey + Yours Vout = GE) + Es) JE 2th ’ Vouty) UF Lom Sy, SL rey camp lege y Vy ies ve a(M ) “% i ie ‘neu Ne™ 7 tind lastly VA atone ¢ Vout) — VA ny thin hy ompe apes! Wer Vheovrn, the Vouk 7 War = “Fa etya verb) bo = Yass Vat ¥y + bd, 4 yr (hy “upe rpesition Meo?) Vee Va “Vy 4 V0 4 Ud - 9 ww gel Vo alone , all ober tpt vollages by, We end Vd > bull vatege 1 equal to Ie to gor, 90 of ny uehlages cpp bied to Ihe nen anver Why teymtncl plus dhe hegenve “sun of Vink to Abe muer Wg Lemmbal « te deve rig PP» inve eg ip got Wy > ww 2 here in which Me is at which we Vout) = ~-BE Va eu ky sie larly , Vout Wb) DS tp Va My, vd > 70%, the cinut} would ba & nen- Gnverhng amp» ot. v, - Fey, ove. ' Rayan © 8: 3 Rou oO O we for 1S the “ b wth thé tpt voltage we " e cinpul é ave for? 1S Me the ve lia wa Fegaek of th “inp! oWiag wie ee me aniaprotiee ; j ne > uces tnvevbng op compignoed® , replaced by a capattor Gem we fe reslsP® is t den'edtion for the ovtpal vollege ¢ => hg Unch offs Marvent ayn, Min atnodé v2, L, 2Ig+& Sine Tp rs neghégubly sraall, G Sop PF we know teak, elution ship bohween cacrverr Ipwugh vollage als the eqpautur, fone dv dé “Vin —V2 eR 2 (4 Jw) Howe vey VY =p 20. because W 4 ver large, Uh db ty 2 = FEC) The Vout can be obbtined ther, by Untepraling both sites, were time, * t Vin 2 J it of pl) at € = & SAM te o dF = &Ch) Wo) |, a0 Y © wea rato? 2 ee © yr memes rwemonse of basi f t 1 a Vin elt ; ki Ge f incle+ € - dion censtarnk q c Ankegrtion censiars a 3 x t Vout ab teo petite pr poler d is eral : scope tnat te Vat Hore . 2 this eqn represen Vi, giel anve ry pepe? im Ww topab Ve niegrl of Vi % jo the tne consent Bile - t cdpe will 5 feregs if the Wopuh ty a the wou, the op Cosine weowe \ me antpal will be 4 porevaslor if ipp a Square weve , bE ° cade Vin Vout” on Vin Vout spe = Vs, w ay We Lt i _ w4l) 44 5, o we # E 4 WL oF meee lary (sme) 7 (cosine) Csquord) Ceorean gta) 4 CH Mcp ts 7 Voor =, ¢20 ) Amp - S 3 wher Vin 20, inlegrdor woke as open loop O and @ 3 fez the cupauly G ats 24 eh Gpep cuit ep =9.) 5 fe boput oppset. veluge Vy Swe vacticedl veduie evzor,Vollage st the onlpa, ke 1s cornnetted across the cupari hoy (F. low = b 2 MY Be Limils the foequeniy go) ard mnwnize the tametions Go Vout sail Sats iasitit Staines diesem Ele a ad i love On, frepuny response of beste neg 72 Fabia gain oO dp, Qt fmpany Me PS aes ; aes 20 ey Cp eg? 108 yp 7 NX TA eoporse ste yo \ ns? 0d aed gull cog Beyn \-pil : ue a er we 24°) Pes “ep IS esponse 20 f Ne& eae Oe yp Nr Fy ah oy OF pri - li. 2 bay aclcling Ep , Sabidity (Prequerny reponse of basic ond toed frequancg voile aff “et prutrcal mpeg relays ) fy Lb An be “annedrd “Re = eee a °F Grgntar. 4 Sebilety TOS by a content gan, ax Srequemy of 0 Arpt Sarat is varied “over a teytuin perge 2 (ow - frequiuy “ll otf 2 refers te rate of devvease f gan cd Leer Sreyumees . Fa gan donc iy Prequeng fia sah. AD Re Cj , + o integrator 5° most commonly weed ih analog computers and anoleg digtteh (aye) and signed aaveshapirg umet]y sa Ciba asain Differentratoy yea wt _ Vout ExPVSITN: r % | ic alg +'F “in ; vy c= if (snee Tg?) = ‘ wget ote t ~ Oe (yay) = ete pens . ke (hate ) Yshe Sov, bez fh is very large, ‘ ° ce Gd) 2 -Y, f Ip) = Vo” Qe pit Z Ze ; (puutical ) i” Ky = Rp cy AUiy J Vo date ~ Preblens < I) bg Worvase ib frequursy , geun increases, thus nck Cate b 2 by sncryease rp Jrequemy, input amped one elecreasce, thos hugh foequerry poise esporke of ae segeventaly Goda) deer de) osc, leap Feo valor C20 4a/ eae)

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