PHYSICAL EDUCATION

CLASS 11 – A2

..Jagadeshwar..
IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

 Optimum development of child's physical growth :

 Physical growth and development of children is a complex process that

depends on various factors such as genetics, nutrition, and environmental
factors.
 In general, healthy-term infants and children grow about 2.5cm/month
between birth and 6 months, 1.3 cm/month from 7 to 12 months, and about
7.6 cm/year between 12 months and 10 years.
 However, height velocity varies before 12 months of age due in part to
perinatal factors (eg. Prematurity).
 Nutrition - Provide a balanced diet that
includes a variety of fruits, vegetables,
whole grains, lean proteins, and dairy
products. Make sure they receive
adequate amounts of essential nutrients
such as calcium, iron, vitamin D, and
protein.
 Physical activity – Encourage regular
physical activity and play time to help
children develop their strong muscles,
bones, and coordination. ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS
 Sleep – Ensure that children get
sufficient according to their age. A good night’s is essential for growth and
development.
 To reach optimal physical growth and development, young children require
health, balanced diets that provide them vitamins, minerals, and other
nutrients.
 Good nutrition and a well-balanced diet enable proper muscle and bone
growth.
 Sensory development through sensory play is crucial for the child’s physical
development.
  Intellectual growth :

 Intellectual development refers to the changes that take place as a result of

growth, and experience, in thinking, reasoning, relating, judging, conceptualizing,
etc. are the changes evident in children as a part of intellectual development.
 Cognitive development is how children think, explore and figure things out.
 Basically, it is the development of knowledge, skills, problem-solving, and
dispositions that help children to think about and understand the world
surrounding them.
 The development of a child's ability to think and reason is referred to as cognitive
development.
 This development occurs differently between the ages of 6 and 12 and between
the ages of 12 and 18.
 Even infants and toddlers acquire implicit theories in order to explain the actions
of objects and the behaviour of people. These theories later go on to form the
foundation for causal learning and a more sophisticated understanding of the
physical and social worlds.
 Language development – helps us to organize thoughts and make sense of the
world around us. It helps an individual to ask questions and develop simple ideas
into more complex ideas.
Language
development depends upon the
child’s pattern of development,
age, and the opportunity to
experiment and use language. It is
a
basic individuals need to
communicate
and language is the tool that
allows
this. With a daily vocabulary of
10+ words, the median vocabulary at 16 months is 55 words, 225 words at 23
months, and nearly 6000 words by age six. Around age two, the developmental
range extends from having no vocabulary to having over 500 words. Youngsters
who arrive at school with limited language abilities require quick assistance.
 Cognitive development – is about how we use our minds and organises thinking
to understand the world around us. Cognitive development depends upon the
child’s pattern of development, the opportunity for playing with toys and games,
and experiences of activities and events. Cognitive development includes
imagination – being able to picture things when they are not in front of you. Using
their imagination, children indulge in pretend play, pretend games, tell stories,
draw, paint, read, make models, and dress up.
 Reading is an important intellectual skill. A baby is born into an environment
where it is continually surrounded by words and symbols. Learning to read is the
skill of being able to recognize, interpret and understand hundreds of symbols and
the combinations of those symbols so that they have meaning.
 Develop problem-solving skills - Building problem-solving skills during the
formative years of your kids can be extremely helpful for their lifetime. You can
encourage them to play board games, brain games, and puzzles. Motivate them to
come up with original ideas of their own, while waiting and listening to them
patiently. Developing educational activities for kids, educational activities for
preschoolers, and educational activities for toddlers is a good way to develop
intellectual abilities.

 Increase Attention - Increasing attention span can play a vital role in the cognitive
development of your kids and toddlers. How much attention your children pay to
a task depends on whether they are enjoying it or not. As kids entering school
have to take part in more structured, repetitive, and academic tasks like writing
and reading, their tasks need to be made interesting for them.
 Emotional development :

 From birth to adulthood, emotional development involves learning about

emotions, how they impact us and those around us, and how to process and
express them healthily and constructively.

 Aspects of physical development also influence mood and emotions, such as

the development of brain-nerve connections through active play. Play involving
physical activity is known to improve mood and assist in processing difficult
emotions.

 Emotional awareness - Awareness of your emotional state is essential to

managing life’s challenges and mitigating stress and conflict. Children should
learn about various emotions from a young age and how to process them
constructively. Play provides a safe environment where children can explore
various emotions through imaginative play and creative play. By creating
different scenarios, children can identify their emotional responses and learn
how best to manage each different response.

 Self-regulation - While learning about emotions and how different situations

impact them emotionally, children begin to master the art of self-regulation.
This is the ability to manage your feelings in a healthy and contained manner.It
allows you to name the emotion you’re feeling, identify what is causing you to
 feel that emotion, process how it makes you feel, and then let it go. Emotional
regulation is a beneficial skill to have, as it can improve how one handles
stressful situations and events that result in big emotions – such as the loss of
a loved one or having to move house.

 Play increases self-confidence and self-esteem - Reaching goals and mastering

tasks through play can greatly impact a child’s self-esteem and self-confidence.
As they gain confidence, they will be able to try more complex activities, which
continue to affect their mental and emotional state positively. Free play,
especially at play parks, can increase their confidence as they learn to make
friends and involve others in their games.

 Cultivates good mental health - Outdoor play is an integral part of a child’s

development. Not only does it help them to master their gross motor skills, but
it also has a significant impact on their mental health. Physical play releases
endorphins, which are mood-boosting hormones. These endorphins help to
relieve stress, which improves mental health. Imaginative play helps children
learn what emotions they might experience in different scenarios. It provides a
safe space for them to explore various situations and feel a variety of
emotions. It also allows them to process fear scenarios in a safe environment,
which helps them to respond better in a real fear situation.
  Social development Personal development :

Social Development is an ongoing process that begins in infancy and continues

throughout an individual’s life. It is essential because it helps individuals to:

 Build relationships: Social Development helps individuals to build meaningful

relationships with family, friends, and colleagues. It also helps to develop a sense
of community and belonging.
 Enhance communication skills: Effective communication is essential for success
in all areas of life, including personal and professional relationships. Social
Development helps individuals to develop excellent communication skills.
 Increase self-awareness: Social Development helps individuals to become more
self-aware. It enables individuals to understand their emotions, thoughts, and
behaviors and how they affect others.
 Develop emotional intelligence: Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand
and manage one’s emotions and the emotions of others. Social Development helps
individuals to develop emotional intelligence.
 Improve problem-solving skills: Social Development also helps individuals to
develop problem-solving skills. It allows individuals to identify problems, analyze
situations, and develop appropriate solutions.

 Build Strong Relationships - Building solid relationships with family, friends,

and colleagues is vital to social development. Make time to connect with
others, listen to their concerns, and
show empathy.
 Enhance Communication Skills -
Effective skills are essential for
successful social development.
Practice active listening, speak clearly
and confidently, and try to
understand the perspectives of
others.
 Develop Emotional Intelligence -
Emotional intelligence refers to the
ability to recognize and manage one’s
own emotions and the emotions of
others. To improve emotional intelligence, practice self-reflection, identify
your feelings, and learn how to manage them effectively.
  Set Goals - Setting achievable goals can help with personal development.
Identify areas for improvement, set specific goals, and develop a plan to
achieve them.
 Build Self-Confidence - Building self-confidence is crucial for personal
development. Identify your strengths, celebrate your successes, and practice
positive self-talk.
 Practice Mindfulness - Mindfulness involves being present at the moment and
paying attention to your thoughts and emotions. Practicing mindfulness can
help improve self-awareness and reduce stress and anxiety.
 Learn New Skills - Learning new skills can help with personal development and
improve social interactions. Try taking a class or learning a new hobby to
develop new skills and meet new people.
 Volunteer - Volunteering is a great way to give back to your community,
develop new skills, and meet new people. Look for volunteer opportunities in
your area and get involved.

 Character building Physical fitness :

 Participating in sports doesn’t promote positive character development on its

own. But with good coaching and commitment to maximum effort within the
rules, organized sports play a big part in character development. Participating in
organized sports teaches teamwork, commitment to a common goal, coping
skills when faced with adversity, and graciousness and humility when winning.
Again, this only comes if a good example is set for the kids.
 It takes more than participating in sports or exercise to promote positive
character development. Leaders who set a good example, encourage positive
behaviors, and discourage negative behaviors contribute to positive character
development too. If your schools don’t have solid PE programs, and you either
can’t afford to sign your kids up for team sports or they just don’t exist in your
area, use family time to get active and put some fun in your kids’ fitness to foster
good habits.
  Development as a disciplined citizen of the country :

 Citizens are central to governance. Although this may seem straightforward,

oftentimes governments, international organizations, and academia can be very
inward looking, with a focus more on processes, systems and organizational
structures rather than the people those institutions and systems are meant to
serve. To make a difference for development, institutions need to be visible and
valuable to citizens.
 Engaging citizens does not need to be complicated. Naysayers think that involving
citizens can slow down reform processes, but in my experience, the reverse is
true.
 The effectiveness of many public policies depend on the response of citizens and
businesses. If citizens are engaged effectively and on a timely basis, such
responses may be more predictable, preventing costly mistakes and saving
governments a lot of time and money in the long term.
 Citizen engagement does not pit citizens versus civil servants. Citizen
engagement is about collaboration, not opposition. When citizens are included in
public policy processes, ordinary citizens and civil servants can work together as
partners to solve major development challenges and neutralize the influence of
powerful interests.
 Citizen engagement pays off by building trust in institutions. Citizens’ trust in
institutions is a huge asset for countries, as this trust enables smooth
 implementation of public policies and service delivery. When this trust is
missing, governments face higher costs and complications as informality
becomes generalized and citizens seek services outside of formal public systems.

 Neuromuscular development :

 It’s associated with better quality of life as you age (than pretty much any
other physical quality, even aerobic training)
 Reduces chances of developing debilitating ailments like osteoporosis, obesity,
diabetes etc… And it decreases risk of falling!
 When combined with dietary intervention, it has the best exercise association
with fat loss and more importantly desirable fat free mass (like muscle)
retention
 Performance Improvements. If you play sports or do a physical activity, even if
only for fun, strength training is one of the most researched performance
enhancers
 Injury reducer. Research suggests that proper strength training reduces injury
rates (at least in sports, so it’s logical that would transfer to real life) by about
33

 Cultural development Developing leadership qualities :

• Higher quality and safety. Engaged employees are committed to meeting a

standard of quality and excellence. Because of this, they make smarter decisions, pay
closer attention to detail, and approach their work with thoughtfulness. These same
actions also go far in promoting and maintaining workplace safety.
• Better work/life balance. When a company encourages and supports a healthier
balance for employees, they don’t just work harder, but smarter. Being able to better
juggle these two important parts of life makes way for motivation and efficiency to
take hold. It also decreases absenteeism and increases loyalty to the organization.

• Excellent customer service. Employees who are valued end up valuing their
customers, clients, team members, and everyone else they come into contact with
each day. When more care is taken to answer questions, address concerns, solve
problems, and generally be of help to others, soaring sales are sure to follow.

• Greater retention rates. All of these benefits aren’t only enjoyed by the employer.
Employees of companies that cultivate such a culture are apt to stay put for the long
term. Why? There’s simply no reason to leave when you’re feeling appreciated,
heard, and allowed to advance.

• Growing profitability. With an upward trajectory of engagement that fuels these

benefits comes a general growth in profit, due to impressive productivity delivered
from every member of the workforce.

 Healthy and safe environment:

 Provide a basket of healthy snacks (fruits, vegetables, sunflower seeds, raisins,
etc.) and encourage responsible snacking throughout the day. You can also
schedule snack times into morning and/or afternoon routines.
 Provide children with frequent access to water, but be sure to plan for children
to need regular bathroom breaks for a few weeks until they understand that
they don't need to drink more water than necessary.
 Understanding Health and Safety Safe practice should be an integral part of all
aspects of physical education and sports, at all ages and levels of ability.
Accidents do happen, as the nature of physical activities leads to a greater
potential risk, and these accidents can highlight the importance of safe
practice.

 Whatever the nature of the practical lessons, it is generally accepted that some
kind of risk assessment noting the main risks and relevant control measures
required should be included on the scheme of work or lesson notes.
 The more intricate the potential risks, the more detailed the risk assessment
should be. With this in mind, educators should take into consideration the
relevant safe teaching principles before and during any physical class activity.
 These could include people-related principles such as group-management skills;
ensuring students wear suitable clothing, managing any support staff, and
involving the pupils in safety procedures. It is important to be aware of the
environment the activity will take place in; allowing sufficient space for the
 activity, having fire safety provision, checking all equipment, and establishing
procedures for injury, evacuation or any critical incidents. Additionally,
organisation-related principles should be taken into account, such as clear
learning outcomes and lesson structure, ensuring students are matched in terms
of size and ability (considering the vastly differing physical statures of growing
children), use of regular and approved practice, a suitable level of progression, on-
going safety checks, and awareness of offsite facilities
  Development of national integration :

 Unity is a really important thing among people in a nation because it promotes

peace and love in a nation. The other importance’s are, unity is strength where
united people can put efforts in elimination of vices like corruption and
tribalism and also to fight diseases by adopting more hygienic standards of
living, unity enhance political stability in a nation, unity minimizes and
eventually eliminates intercommunity suspicions where it gives people a sense
of security for they are able to know each other better and understand each
other’s ways.
 Unity promotes collective responsibility in times of need like in funding for the
disabled and lastly unity reduces incidence of fear, suspicions and power
struggles which reduce incidents like civil war which may affect social economic
activities like trade. We can develop unity through physical education activities
also.

 Physical Education is one of the major factors to achieve National unity ie to

develop National Integration. Keywords: National Integration, Unity, Council
and Psychology.

There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,

Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
There are many physical activities such as gymnastics, malkham, karate,
Indigenous
activities, Dance and cultural programmes, which helps to develop National
Integrations. When
we learn yogic exercises not only we get muscular strength and mental
relaxation but also
awareness of nation integration. When we practice karate we get muscles
strength as well as
unity of the persons.
Routine physical activity is also associated with improved psychological well-being
(e.g.,
through reduced stress, anxiety and depression. Psychological well-being is
particularly
important for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease, but it also
has important
implications for the prevention and management of other chronic diseases
such as diabetes,
osteoporosis, hypertension, obesity, cancer and depression. So a man can develops
healthily in
India
 The importance of physical education for every section of people in the
modern society is set on the, Optimum development of child’s physical growth,
 Intellectual development, Emotional development, Social development,
Personal development, Character building, Physical fitness, Development as a
disciplined citizen of the country, Neuromuscular development, Cultural
development, Developing leadership qualities, Healthy and safe environment,
Development of national integration and Better international understanding.

 Better international understanding :

 Every human being has a fundamental right to physical education, physical

activity and sport without discrimination on the basis of ethnicity, gender,
sexual orientation, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or
social origin, property or any other basis.
 The freedom to develop physical, psychological and social well-being and
capabilities through these activities must be supported by all governmental,
sport and educational institutions.
 Equal opportunity to participate and be involved at all supervision and
decision-making levels in physical education, physical activity and sport,
whether for the purpose of recreation, health promotion or high performance,
is the right of every girl and every woman that must be actively enforced
 Each education system must assign the requisite place and importance to
physical education, physical activity and sport in order to establish a balance
and strengthen links between physical activities and other components of
education.

 It must also ensure that quality and inclusive physical education classes are
included, preferentially on a daily basis, as a mandatory part of primary and
secondary education and that sport and physical activity at school and in all
 other educational institutions play an integral role in the daily routine of
children and youth.
 The diversity of physical education, physical activity and sport is a basic feature
of their value and appeal. Traditional and indigenous games, dances and sports,
also in their modern and emerging forms, express the world’s rich cultural
heritage and must be protected and promoted.
 Every human being must have the opportunity to attain a level of achievement
through physical education, physical activity and sport which corresponds to
their capabilities and interest.
 Physical education, physical activity and sport can improve mental health,
psychological well-being and capability by enhancing body-confidence, self-
esteem, self-efficacy, by decreasing stress, anxiety and depression, by
increasing cognitive function, and by developing a wide range of skills and
attributes, such as cooperation, communication, leadership, discipline,
teamwork, that contribute to achievement while participating, learning and in
other aspects of life.
….THANK YOU….