SECTION A (70 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section
1. (a) (i) While deriving the relationship between physical quantities by dimensional
analysis, dimensionless constants enter into relationship. Can you find its
magnitude by the method of dimension? [02 marks]
(ii) Show that the ratio of dimensions of plank’s constant and that of moment of
inertia are dimensions of frequency. [03 marks]
a 2b 3
(b) (i) A physical quantity X is given by: x , if the percentage error of
c d
measurements a, b, c and d are 4%, 2%, 3% and 1% respectively, find the
percentage error in X. [02 marks]
(ii) TFF (Tanzania Football Federation) documented that, the length of Benjamin
Mkapa national stadium is 500m. On verification a referee Hansi Mabona
before international match premeasured it and found out its length is 504m. By
checking on the percentage error, advise the referee if either to start the match
or halt the match. [03 marks]
2. (a) (i) In shooting training at Lugalo military camp, the trainee is advised to hold the
butt of a gun tightly against their shoulders, as it dangerous to hold it loosely.
What is physics behind this? [02 marks]
(ii) A hunter fires a bullet of mass 10g with a velocity of 400ms-1 from a gun of
mass 5kg. What will be the recoil velocity of the gun? If the hunter is standing
on ice, then what velocity he (along with the gun) will acquire? Mass of hunter
is 75kg. [03 marks]
(b) (i) As young scientist was told that, the earth rotates about its own axis with the
speed about 465m/s. With such a greater speed, explain briefly what will
happen to the objects it carries if it suddenly stopped? [02 marks]
(ii) A maasai can jump 1.5m on the earth. Calculate the approximate height he
might be able to jump on a planet whose density is one-quarter that of the earth
and whose radius is one-third that of the earth. [03 marks]
3. (a) (i) Form six students on their project, reports on two dimensions of motion,
wrote “provided that all other factors remain constant, a projectile moves
farther at high hill than at sea level and in humidity air than in dry air.”
Explain their findings. [02 marks]
(ii) During a sport day, a form three striker was supposed to shoot a free kick to
about 100m from the goal. What is a least speed with which the ball can go
through this distance? [03 marks]
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(b) A smooth hemisphere is kept fixed on a horizontal floor in physics laboratory, A
student placed a calculator on top of it and gave a slightly push. Show that the
calculator will leave contact with the spherical surface when at an angle of 48o.
[05 marks]
4. (a) (i) A girl is swinging on a swing while sitting. Her identical twin is swinging on
another swing while standing. Whose swing will have a greater time period of
oscillation? [02 marks]
(ii) A small bob of mass 50g oscillates as a simple pendulum with an amplitude
5cm and time period 2s. Find the velocity of the bob and the tension in the
supporting thread when the velocity of the bob is maximum. [03 marks]
(b) A flywheel with axle 1.0cm in diameter is mounted on frictionless bearings and set in
motion by applying a steady tension of 2.0N to a thin thread wound rightly around the
axle. The moment of inertia of the system about its axis of rotation is 5.0x10-4kgm2.
Calculate:
(i) The angular acceleration of the flywheel when 1.0m of the thread has been
pulled off the axle; [02 marks]
(ii) The constant retarding couple which must be applied to bring the flywheel to
the rest in one complete turn when the tension in the thread having been
removed. [03 marks]
5. (a) (i) Many people in Arusha – Tanzania enjoy bathing below water falls even
though the water is very cold because of mountain Kilimanjaro. Give a strong
reason why they do so? [02 marks]
(ii) An aluminium foil of relative emittance 0.2 is placed between two concentric
spheres at a temperature of 300k and 200k respectively. Calculate the
temperature of the foil after the steady state is reached. Also calculate the rate
of energy transfer between one of the spheres and the foil, if the radius of
sphere is 15mm. [03 marks]
(b) (i) As far as heat is conserved, as a form six student of physics tell us at what
temperature would a block of wood and a block of metal feed equally cold or
hot on touching? [02 marks]
(ii) A body at 80oC in the laboratory during the practical of heat cooled to 64oC in 5
minutes and then later to 52oC in next 5 minutes. What will be its temperature
in the same laboratory after another 5 minutes? [03 marks]
6. (a) (i) The headmistress of Weruweru secondary school in Moshi, let the door of her
refrigerator open. She found the room very warm, tell her the reason behind
that situation. [02 marks]
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(ii) A gas expands from 75 litres to 125 litres at constant pressure of 4 atmosphere.
If one atmosphere pressure is 1.0 x 105 Nm-2, calculate the work done by the
gas during expansion. (03 marks)
(b) (i) All the heat supplied to the system goes into increasing in its internal energy.
What process do you think it is involved? [02 marks]
(ii) An ideal monoatomic gas of 0.15 mole is enclosed in a cylinder at a pressure
of 250KPa and temperature of 320K. The gas is allowed to expand
adiabatically and reversibly until its pressure is 100KPa. Calculate the final
temperature and the amount of work done by the gas. [03 marks]
7. (a) (i) In Tanzania food price is growing high day after day. Research shows that, this
food scarcity is due to poor farming method. As an expert in agricultural
physics advise the farmers three best methods of improving soil environment
for plant growth. [03 marks]
(ii) The rated power output for a turbine model at 15m/s is 0.13MW. If the rotor
rotates at constant frequency of 0.198Hz, calculate the tip speed to wind speed
ratio, given that the diameter of the rotor is 90cm and hence calculate the power
conversion efficiency. [02 marks]
(b) (i) In the city of Dar es Salaam seashore is known to experience tidal ranges that
can reach 4m. Suppose a tidal barrage of 100km2 is constructed, how much
total energy can be reserved by the barrage in one year by using bi directional
turbine? [02 marks]
(ii) Nuclear wastes are very dangerous to human life. As form six student of
physics advise the government of Tanzania, shortly, on the method of disposal
of nuclear wastes. [03 marks]
SECTION B (30 Marks)
Answer two (2) questions from this section
8. (a) On entering a supermarket a person is made to walk through the entrance of a metal
detector, for security reasons. If the person is carrying metal object, the metal detector
emit sound waves. Based on physics knowledge of electricity, explain the principle
operation of the metal detector. [03 marks]
(b) (i) The charge on an electron is very small and also the drift velocity is very small.
Even then we get sufficient amount of current in a wire. Why? [02 marks]
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(ii) A wire having a mass of 0.45kg possesses a resistance of 0.0014. If resistivity
of the material of the wire is 1.78 x 10–8 Ωm, calculate the length and
radius of a wire. Given that, density of wire is 8.93x103kg/m3.
[04 marks]
8. (c) In analyzing the function of a capacitor, in d.c circuits in a popular physics
experiment. The arrangement of capacitors, resistors and three cells of negligible
internal resistance are shown in figure below:
D R1=5
J B A
E3=3V
E2=8V
E1=4V
R2=3
C=6F R3=6
E F G H
R4=10
From this diagram calculate:
(i) Current passing through 3 resistor. [03 marks]
(ii) The charge on the capacitor. [03 marks]
9. (a) (i) Dr. Mwingeleza Kamwenda assigns his students at UDSM faculty of science to
research on the concept of OPAMPS. Suggest the three basic properties of
OPAMPS as researched by the students. [03 marks]
(ii) With the aid of the diagram, give two difference between inverting and
non-inverting OPAMPS.
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(b) The circuit below shows OPAMP used as voltage comparator. The resistance of the
thermistor shown decreases with the increase in temperature. With the resistor cold,
The output voltage is at maximum -15V, the power supply being +15V and -15V.
+15V
TH 47k
Vout
2.2k 100k
-15V
(i) What is voltage at inverting input? [03 marks]
(ii) What voltage would non-inverting input have to reach for the output to switch
to maximum +15V? 02 marks]
(iii) What would be resistance of thermistor at this points? [02 marks]
(c) A transistor is one of the basic electronic semiconducting device. Give reason to why it
cannot be used as rectifier. [03 marks]
10. (a) (i) The audibility range of human being is 20Hz to 20kHz frequencies. Due
to attenuation these frequency cannot be detected by a distant receiver.
To solve this problem information needs to undergo modulation process
before transmission. Give the meaning of underlined words. [04 marks]
(ii) Speech signal in frequency range 300Hz to 3400Hz are used to
amplitude modulate a carrier wave of frequency 200KHz. Determine
band width of the resultant modulated signal and frequency range of the
upper sideband. [04 marks]
(b) Design the circuit that will give the truth table below:
A B Output (Q)
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 1
1 1 1
(c) In a car, a red warning light comes on when the ignition is switched on if the
door is not closed properly, or seat belt is not fastened, or both door and set belt
are not properly secured. Construct the truth table for this system. [03 marks]
Wabillah Tawfiiq
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