MOLE AND EQUIVALENT CONCEPTS 1

EXERCISE - 4 : PREVIOUS YEAR JEE ADVANCED QUESTION

Objective Questions I  4.142gm
[Only one correct option]
1. The total number of electrons present in 18 ml of water 4. The sulphate of a metal M contains 9.87% of M. This
(density of water is 1 g ml-1) is (1980) sulphate is isomorphous with ZnSO4.7H2O. The atomic
(a) 6.02 × 1023 (b) 6.02 × 1023 weight of M is (1991)
(c) 6.02 × 1024 (d) 6.02 × 1025 (a) 40.3 (b) 36.3
Ans. (c) (c) 24.3 (d) 11.3
Sol. 1 molecule of H2O contains 10 electrons Ans. (c)
1 mole of H2O contains 10 mole of electrons
Sol. Since given sulphate is isomorphous to ZnSO 4 .7H 2 O
18gm of H2O contains 10 mole of electrons [Molar mass of
18g/mole] Hence,formula of sulphate is MSO 4 ·7H 2 O
= 10 × NA = 6.02 × 1024 electrons. % of M=9.87
2. If 0.5 mol of BaCl2 is mixed with 0.2 mol of Na3PO4, the Thus,
maximum number of moles of Ba3 (PO4)2 that can be formed
Atomic weight of M  atomicity
is (1981) %M   100
(a) 0.7 (b) 0.5 Molecular weight of MSO 4 ·7H 2 O
(c) 0.30 (d) 0.10
Ans. (d) Atomic wight of M  1
Sol. The balanced chemical reaction is  9.87   100
Atomic weight of M  222
 Ba 3  PO 4 2  6NaCl
3BaCl2  2Na 3 PO4 
 9.87  Atomic wt. of M  2191.14  100  At. wt of M
In this reaction, 3moles of BaCl2 combines with
 Atomic weight of M  24.3
2 moles of Na 3 PO 4 5. The normality of 0.3 M phosphorous acid (H3PO3) is
Hence, 0.5 mole of BaCl2 require (1999)
(a) 0.1 (b) 0.9
2 (c) 0.3 (d) 0.6
 0.5  0.33 mole of Na 3 PO 4
3 Ans. (d)
Sol. Phosphorous acid is a dibasic acid as:
Since,available Na 3 PO 4 (0.2 mole) is less than required
O
mole (0.33) ,it is the limiting reactant and would ||
H  P  OH Only two replaceable hydrogens
determine the amount of product Ba 3  PO4 2 .
|
OH

Therefore,
 2 moles of Na 3 PO 4 give 1 mole Ba 3  PO 4  2
normality = molarity  basicity  0.3  2  0.60
 0.2 moles of Na 3 PO 4 would give 6. 6.3g of oxalic acid dihydrate have been dissolved in water
1 to obtain a 250 mL solution. How much volume of 0.1 N
 0.2  0.1mole Ba 3  PO4 2 NaOH would be required to neutralise 10 mL of this
2 solutions ? (2001)
3. The weight of 1 × 1022 molecules of CuSO4. 5H2O is (a) 40 mL (b) 20 mL
(1991) (c) 10 mL (d) 4 mL
(a) 41.59 g (b) 415.9g Ans. (a)
(c) 4.159 g (d) none of the three
Sol. Oxalic acid dehydrate H 2 C 2 O 4 ·2H 2 O : mw  126
Ans. (c)
It is a dibasic acid,hence equivalent weight =63
1 1022 10 22
Sol. No. of moles   6.3 1000
NA 6.023 10 23  Normality    0.4 N
63 250
Weight = no. of moles  Molar mass
 N1 V1  N 2 V2
1022  0.1 V1  0.4  10
  249.5
6.023 10 23
 2 MOLE AND EQUIVALENT CONCEPTS

Hence, V1  40 mL of Fe is (2009)
(a) 55.85 (b) 55.95
7. Mixture X = 0.02 mole of [Co(NH3)5SO4] Br and 0.02
(c) 55.75 (d) 56.05
mole of [Co(NH3)5Br] SO4 was prepared in 2 L solution. Ans. (b)
1 L of mixture X + excess of AgNO3 solution  Y Sol. From the given relative abundance, the average weight
1 L of mixture X + excess of BaCl2 solution  Z of Fe can be calculate as
Number of moles of Y and Z are (2003)
54  5  56  90  57  5
(a) 0.01, 0.01 (b) 0.02, 0.01 A  55.95
(c) 0.01, 0.02 (d) 0.02, 0.02 100
Ans. (a) 10. Dissolving 120g of urea (mol. wt. 60) in 1000g of water
Sol. 1.0L mixture X contain 0.02 mole of each gave a solution of density 1.15 g/mL. The molarity of
the solution is (2011)
 Co  NH3  SO 4   Br and Co  NH 3  Br   SO 4 .Also, (a) 1.78 M (b) 2.00 M
 5   5 
(c) 2.05 M (d) 2.22 M
with AgNO3 ,only  Co  NH3 5 SO 4   Br reacts to give Ans. (c)
Sol.
AgBr precipitate as
Moles of solute
Co  NH3 5 SO4  Br  AgNO3  Molarity 
 Co  CH3 5 SO4  NO3 Volume of solution(L)
+ AgBr 120
0.01 M Excess
0.01 mole Mole of urea  2
60
Weight of solution  Weight of solvent  Weight of
With BaCl2 , only  Co  NH 3 5 Br  SO 4 . reacts giving solute

BaSO 4 precipitate as  1000  120  1120 g

1120 g 1
Co  NH3 5 Br  SO4  BaCl2 
 Co  NH3 5 Br  Cl2  BaSO4  Volume    0.973 L
1.15 g / mL 1000 mL / L
0.01 M Excess 0.01 moles
2.000
 Molarity   2.05M
According to avodadro law, the molarity of AgBr will 0.973
also be 0.01. Since molarity is moles per litre. Hence, 24g of carbon has the maximum number of atoms.
 The no. of moles of AgBr will also be 0.01.
Hence, moles of Y and Z are 0.01 each. Objective Questions II
8. Which has maximum number of atoms ? (2003) [One or more than one correct option]
(a) 24g of C (12) (b) 56g of Fe (56)
(c) 27g of Al (27) (d) 108g of Ag (108) 11. To check the principle of multiple proportions, a series of
Ans. (a) pure binary compounds (Pm Qn) were analyzed and their
Sol. composition is tabulated below. The correct option(s)
is(are) (2022)
Number of atoms=Number of moles×Avogadros number  N A 
Compound Weight% of P Weight%of Q
24 1 50 50
Number of atoms in 24 g C   NA  2 NA
12 2 44.4 55.6
56 3 40 60
Number of atoms in 56 g. of Fe  NA  NA
56 (a) If empirical formula of compound 3 is P3Q4, then the
27 empirical formula of compound 2 is P3Q5.
Number of atoms in 27 g. of Al  NA  NA (b) If empirical formula of compound 3 is P3Q2 and atomic
27
weight of element P is 20, then the atomic weight of Q
is 45.
108
Number of atoms in 108 g. of Ag  NA  NA (c) If empirical formula of compound 2 is PQ, then the
108 empirical formula of the compound 1 is P5Q4
9. Given that the abundances of isotopes Fe54, Fe 56 and (d) If atomic weight of P and Q are 70 and 35, respectively,
Fe57 are 5%, 90% and 5%, respectively, the atomic mass then the empirical formula of compound 1 is P2Q.
MOLE AND EQUIVALENT CONCEPTS 3
Ans. (b,c)
pV 0.001 2.46 103
Sol. n  N2     107
RT 0.082  298
Compound Weight% of P Weight%of Q
1 50 50  Number of molecules of N 2  6.023  10 23  10 7
2 44.4 55.6  6.023  1016
3 40 60 Now total surface sites available
 6.023 1014 1000  6.023 1017
(A) Cpd3 n P  40 / P  3  2Q  3 20
n Q 60 / Q 4 3P 4 Surface sites used in adsorption  6.023  1017
100
Q 9  2  6.023 1016
 9P  8Q  
P 8  Site occupied per molecules

n P 44.4 / P 44.4 Q 44.4 9 9 Number of sites 2  6.023 1016

Cpd 2         2
n Q 55.6 / Q 55.6 P 55.6 8 10 Numbers of molecules 6.023 1016
13. 29.2% (w/W) HCl stock solution has density of
1998 9 1.25 g mL–1. The molecular weight of HCl is 36.5g mol–1.
  0.898  0.9  The volume (mL) of stock solution required to prepare a
2224 10
200 mL solution 0.4 M HCl is (2013)
P9 Q10 Ans. (008)
Sol.
40 / P 3 2 Q 3 Q 9
(B) Cpd3       Mass of HCl in 1.0 mL stock
60 / Q 2 3 P 2 P 4
29.2
9 solution  1.25   0.365 g
Q  20   45 100
4 Mass of HCl required for 200 mL 0.4 MHCl
n P 44.4 Q 1 Q 5 200
(C) Cpd 2       0.4  36.5  0.08  36.5 g
n Q 55.6 P 1 P 4 1000
 0.365 g of HCl is present in 1.0 mL stock solution.
n 50 Q 5
Cpd 1 P    0.08  36.5
nQ P 50 4  8.0 mL
0.08  36.5 g HCl will be present in
0.365
P5 Q 4 14. A compound H 2X with molar weight of 80g is dissolved
in a solvent having density of 0.4 g ml –1. Assuming no
n P 35 1
change in volume upon dissolution, the molality of a 3.2
(D) n  70  2
Q molar solution is (2014)
Ans. (8)
P1Q2
Sol. mass of solvent = 0.4 × 1000
Numeric Value Type Questions
= 400 g = 0.4 kg.
12. 20% surface sites have adsorbed N2. On heating N 2 gas
evolved from sites and were collected at 0.001 atm and 3.2
Molality   8 mol / kg
298 K in a container of volume is 2.46 cm3. Density of 0.4
surface sites is 6.023 × 1014/cm2 and surface area is 1000 15. The mole fraction of a solute in a solution is 0.1 At 298K,
cm2, find out the number of surface sites occupied per molarity of this solution is the same as its molality.
molecule of N2. (2005) Density of this solution at 298 K is 2.0 g cm–3 . The ratio
Ans. (002) of the molecular weights of the solute and solvent,
Sol. Partial pressure of N 2  0.001atm ,  MWsolute 
 MW  , is (2016)
T  298 K, V  2.46 cm2  2.46 103 Lit solvent

From ideal gas law: pV  nRT Ans. (9)

 4 MOLE AND EQUIVALENT CONCEPTS

xsolute 1 3
Sol.  Now, moles of H2 formed =  0.25  0.25
xsolvent 9 3

Wsolute M solvent 1 nRT

  ... 1  Volume of H2 gas formed =
Wsolvent M solute 9 P

Wsolute  Wsolvent    V  2V 0.25  0.082  300

  6.15L
Molarity = Molality (given) 1

Wsolute  Wsolvent 18. The weight percentage of hydrogen in Q, formed in the

Wsolvent  Wsolution  following reaction sequence, is ________.
2
2 Wsolvent  Wsolute  Wsolvent
Wsolute  Wsolvent ....  2 
from (1) & (2)
M solute
9
M solvent
[Given: Atomic mass of H = 1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16, S = 32,
16. Galena (an ore) is partially oxidized by passing air Cl = 35] (2022)
through it at high temperature. After some time, the Ans. (1.31)
passage of air is stopped, but the heating is continued
in a closed furnace such that the contents undergo self-
reduction. The weight (in kg) of Pb produced per kg of Sol.
O2 consumed is ........... .
(Atomic weights in g mol–1 : O = 16, S = 32, Pb = 207)
(2018)
Ans. (6.47) weight of 'H'
%H   100
molecular weight
Sol. PbS  O 2  Pb  SO 2
No. of moles of Pb  no. of moles of O 2 3
%H   100  1.31
229
1000
 mol 19. If the reaction sequence given below is carried out with 15
32
moles of acetylene, the amount of the product D formed
1000 (in g) is ________.
mass of Pb   207gram
32
 6.47 kg.
17. Aluminium reacts with sulfuric acid to form aluminium
sulfate and hydrogen. What is the volume of hydrogen gas
in litres (L) produced at 300 K and 1.0 atm pressure, when
5.4 g of aluminium and 50.0 mL of 5.0 M sulfuric acid are
combined for the reaction?
(Use molar mass of aluminium as 27.0 g mol-1, R = 0.082
atm , L mol-1 K-1) (2020)
Ans. 6.15 The yields of A, B, C and D are given in parentheses.
Sol. 2Al  3H 2SO 4  Al 2 (SO 4 )3  3H 2 [Given: Atomic mass of H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Cl = 35]
(2022)
5.4
Moles of Al takes =  0.2 Ans. (136.00)
27
50  5.0
Moles of H2SO4 taken =  0.25
1000
Sol.
0.2 0.25
As  , H 2SO 4 is limiting reagent
2 3
MOLE AND EQUIVALENT CONCEPTS 5

22. A sugar syrup of weight 214.2 g contains 34.2 g of sugar

(C12H22O11). Calculate : (i) molal concentration and (ii)
mole fraction of sugar in the syrup. (1988)
Ans.  i  0.56,  ii  0.0099
34.2
Sol. Mole of sugar   0.1
342
Moles of water in syrup  214.2  34.2  180 g
Therefore,
 80 50 50 100  Moles of solute
Actual moles of 'D '  5        1 mol (i) Molarity   1000
 100 100 100 100  Weight of Solvent (g)
Weight = 136 g
20. The stoichiometric reaction of 516 g of 0.1
  1000  0.55(0.555  0.556 or 0.56)
dimethyldichlorosilane with water results in a tetrameric 180
cyclic product X in 75% yield. The weight (in g) of X (ii)Mole fraction of sugar =
obtained is___. Mole of sugar
[Use, molar mass (g mol-1): H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Si = 28, Cl Mole of sugar  Mole of water
= 35.5] (2023)
Ans. (222) 0.1
  9.9  10 3
Sol. 4  CH 3 2 SiCl 2  4H 2 O 
  CH 3 8 Si 4 O 4  8HCl
75% 0.1  10
X 23. In a solution of 100 ml of 0.5M acetic acid, one gram of
w = 516 g active charcoal is added, which adsorbs acetic acid. It
is found that the concentration of acetic acid becomes
516
n  =4 0.49 M. If surface area of charcoal is 3.01 × 102m2,
 moles  129 calculate the area occupied by single acetic acid molecule
on surface of charcoal. (2003)
Ans.  5  10 m 
19 2

Sol. Initial millimol of CH 3 COOH  100  0.5  50

millimol of CH 3 COOH remaining after adsorption
 100  0.49  49  100  0.5  50
 millimol of CH 3 COOH adsorbed  50  49  1
 Number of molecules of CH 3 COOH adsorbed
1
  6.023  1023  6.023  1020
100
% yield = 75
3.01102
75  Area covered up by one molecules   51019 m2
The weight of X (in gram) 296   222 g 6.021020
100 24. Calculate the molarity of water if its density is
Subjective Questions 1000 kg/m3. (2003)
21. 3 g of a salt of molecular weight 30 is dissolved in 250 g Ans. 55.55M
of water. The molality of the solution is : ..........
(1983) 1000
Sol. No. of moles   55.56 M
Ans. (0.4m) 18
No.of moles
Sol. Molarity 
Number of moles of solute Molarity  vol.in ml
 1000
Volume of solution in litre
Weight of solute 100 55.56
    1000
Molar mass Volume in mL 1000
 55.56 M
3 1000
   0.4M
30 250