Preliminary Examination 2024-25

Class:-XII Subject :-Chemistry M.M:-70 Time:- 3Hrs.

INSTRUCTIONS
You are allowed additional 15 minutes for only reading the question paper. You must NOT start writing during the
reading time. Question paper is divided into four sections and has 21 questions in all. All questions are
compulsory. Answer all questions. Section A has fourteen subparts. Each question carries 1 mark.
While attempting Multiple Choice Questions in Section A, you are required to write only ONE option as the
answer. Section B has ten questions. Each question carries 2 marks. Section C has seven questions. Each
question carries 3 marks.Section D has three questions. Each question carries 5 marks. Internal choices have
been provided in one question each in Sections B, C and D. The intended marks for questions are given in
brackets [ ]. All working, including rough work, should be done on the same sheet as, and adjacent to the rest of
the answer.
Balanced equations must be given wherever possible and diagrams where they are helpful.
When solving numerical problems, all essential workings must be shown.
In working out problems, use the following data:
Gas constant R=1·987cal deg-1mol-1=8·314JK-1mol-1 =0·0821dm3atmK-1mol-1, 1 l atm =1dm3atm=101·3 J. 1
Faraday=96500 coulombs. Avogadro’s number= 6·023×1023.
SECTION A – 14 MARKS

Question 1
(a) Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word/words from those given in the brackets:
(mole L-1s-1, Co, second order, mole Ls-1, nucleophilic, resonance stabilisation, +ve, -ve, CO2, H2O, first order,
dihydric, explosive, dissociation, dimerization, HCHO, trihydric.) [4×1]
(i) The unit of rate of a reaction is _______and all radioactive disintegration reactions follow ______kinetics.
(ii) The value of Vant Hoff factor is less than one for_______ and greater than one for___________.
(iii) For a spontaneous reaction, G and E° respectively will be _________ and _______.
(iv) HCOOH when heated with Concentrated H2SO4 produces ______ and _______.
(b) Complete the following statements by selecting the correct alternative from the choices given:
[7×1]
(i) The vapour pressure of pure benzene and toluene at a particular temperature are 100 mm and 50 mm
respectively, the mole fraction of benzene in vapour phase in contact with equimolar solution of benzene and
toluene is :
(1) 0.667 (2) 0.750 (3) 0.334 (4) 0.500
(ii) The number of Faradays required for the reduction of 2 eq of Fe+++ to Fe++:
(1) 1 (2) 2/3 (3) 3/2 (4) 2
(iii) The mole fraction of water in 46% m/m aqueous solution of ethyl alcohol is :
(1) 0.54 (2) 0.75 (3) 0.25 (4) 0.46
(iv) If E°Fe2+/Fe = -0.441 V and E°Fe2+/Fe2+ = 0.771 V, the standard EMF of the reaction,
Fe + 2Fe3+ → 3Fe2+ will be
(1) 1.212 V (2) 0.111 V (3) 0.330 V (4) 1.653 V
(v) The molarity of pure water at 25°C is approximately :
(1) 0.18 M (2) 5.55 M (3) 55.5 M (4) 1.8 M
(vi) Which of the following amino acids is optically inactive?
(i) Glycine (ii) Alanine (iii) Lysine (iv) Valine
(vii) Given below are two statements marked Assertion and Reason. Read the two statements carefully and
select the correct option.
Assertion: Between CH3-CH2-Cl and C6H5-CH2-Cl benzyl chloride will react faster in SN1 reaction with OH ion.
Reason: Benzyl carbocation is resonance stabilised in benzyl chloride and more reactive than ethyl carbocation
which is stable by hyper conjugation effect.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

(c) Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. [3×1]
Nucleophilic substitution reactions are of two types; substitution nucleophilic bimolecular (SN2) and substitution
nucleophilic unimolecular (SN1) depending on molecules taking part in determining the rate of reaction. Reactivity
of alkyl halide towards SN1 and SN2 reactions depends on various factors such as steric hindrance, stability of
intermediate or transition state and polarity of solvent. SN2 reaction mechanism is favoured mostly by primary
alkyl halide or transition state and polarity of solvent, SN2 reaction mechanism is favoured mostly by primary alkyl
halide then secondary and then tertiary. This order is reversed in case of SN1reactions.
The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most appropriate answer:
(i) Which of the following is most reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reaction?
(A) C6H5Cl (B) CH2=CHCl (C) ClCH2CH=CH2 (D) CH3CH=CHCl
(ii) Isopropyl chloride undergoes hydrolysis by
(A) SN1 mechanism (B) SN2 mechanism (C) SN1 and SN2 mechanism (D) Neither SN1 nor SN2 mechanism
(iii) The most reactive nucleophile among the following is-
(A) CH3O- (B) C6H5O- (C) (CH3)2CHO- (D) (CH3)3CO-
SECTION B – 20 MARKS
Question 2 [2]
What is the value of rate constant k if the value of the activation energy Ea and the frequency factor A are 49 kJ /
mol and 9 × 1010 s-1 respectively? (T = 313 K) ?
Question 3 [2]
The molecular shape of [Ni(CO)4] is tetrahedral while that of [Ni(CN)4]2- is square planar.

(a) Justify the shape of the two compounds.

(b) Find the oxidation state of Ni in each complex.

Question 4 [2]
Siya wants to electroplate her bracelet with silver. She gives the bracelet to an artist. After electroplating
she gets the information that 1.6117g of the metal is deposited when electric current of 0.2 ampere is
passed for 2 hours. How will she make the confirmation that the metal deposited is silver by using the data?
Which law is applicable for this calculation?

Question 5 [2]
A scientist while working in the lab accidently removed the labels from the carboxylic acid bottles and phenol. He
had three bottles in which he had kept formic acid, acetic acid and phenol. Can you suggest a chemical test
which he can perform to positively identify the acids so that he can label the bottles correctly?

Question 6 [2]
Write the chemical equation for any four of the following named organic reactions.
(i) Haloform reaction
(ii) Etard Reaction
(iii) Kolbe - Schmidt reaction or Kolbe reaction
(iv) Gabriel Phthalimide reaction
(v) Gatterman aldehyde synthesis

Question 7 [2]
(i) Name the four bases present in DNA. Which one of these is not present in RNA?
(ii) Name the disease caused by the deficiency of following vitamins.
(a) Retinol (b) ascorbic acid
Question 8 [2]
Complete and balance the following chemical equations:

(i) KMnO4 + H2SO4 + FeSO4 ______ + _____ + _____ + _____

(ii) K2Cr2O7 + KI + H2SO4 ______ + _____ + _____ + _____

Question 9 [2]
(a) A student X was doing an experiment by taking 0.15 g acetic acid in 40 g of benzene. He suddenly observed
that the freezing point of the mixture is lowered by 0.40 degree Celsius. Is this a normal behaviour of solute ?
What do you think would have happened to acetic acid in benzene? Calculate the Vant Hoff Factor (∆Kf of
benzene = 5.12K kgmol-1).

Question 10 [2]
Calculate the value of E cell and ∆G that can be obtained from the following cell at 298K.
Al/Al3+(0.01M) // Sn2+(0.015M)/Sn Given EoAl3+/Al = −1·66V; EoSn2+/Sn = −0·14V
Question 11 [2]
Chloroform was synthesised in the year 1847. It was mainly used in the medicine industry. When exposed to
sunlight it forms a poisonous gas called phosgene. To prevent this, a small quantity of a compound which has a
molecular formula C2H6O is added.
(a) What is the chemical formula of phosgene?
(b) Which chemical is added to prevent the formation of phosgene.
(c) Where is chloroform used in the field of medicine?

SECTION C – 21 MARKS
Question 12 [3]
(i) Out of C6H5CH2Cl and C6H5CHCIC6H5, which is more easily hydrolysed by KOH?
(ii) Starting from methyl iodide ,how will you prepare :‐ nitromethane and acetone ? Write the complete reaction
involved.
Question 13 [3]
The aldol condensation takes its name from aldol (3-hydroxybutanal) a name introduced by Wurtz who first
prepared the beta-hydroxy aldehyde from acetaldehyde in 1872. It is a base catalysed reaction, and the
product of aldol condensation undergoes dehydration of intermediate beta-aldols or beta-ketals in presence of
a dilute acid to form α, β unsaturated carbonyl compound.
(a) Write the mechanism of aldol condensation starting with acetaldehyde.
(b) Name the base used highlighting the role of the base catalyst in facilitating the reaction.
(c) What is crossed aldol condensation? Name the product formed when benzalde- hyde undergoes
crossed aldol condensation with acetaldehyde.

Question 14 [3]
Water pollution caused by toxic elements is one of the most important environmental problems in the world. The
objectives of this study were: the effects of chelating agents on heavy metals extraction from polluted water
were carried out to examine Chelating agents like Ethylenediamine tetra acetate (EDTA), oxalic acid (OA) and
citric acid (CA) were tested respectively. The effects of operating parameters, such as pH and extraction time
were examined. Removal of metals was dependent on the concentration of extracting agent and raised with
increasing concentration of chelating agents.

(a) What are chelating agents?

(b) Name any two heavy metals which are considered toxic.
(c) Draw the structure of EDTA.What is the main factor on which the removal of metals depends on
contaminated water using Chelating Agents?
Question 15 [3]
Solute A associates in water. When 0.7 g of solute A is dissolved in 42.0 g of water, it depresses the freezing point
by 0.2°C. find the percentage association of solute A in water [Given: Molar mass of A = 93 g mol–1. Molal
depression constant of water is 1.86 K kg mol–1].
Question 16 [1+2=3]
(a) A substance decomposes by following first order kinetics. If 50% of the compound is decomposed in 120
minutes, how long will it take for 90% of the compound to decompose?
(b) Calculate the value of activation energy , if rate of reaction doubles when rise in temperature from 295 K to
305K takes place.
Question 17 [3]

Identify the compounds A, B and C in the following reactions:

Question 18 [3]

An organic compound ‘A’ on treatment with aq.KCN produces compound ‘B’.

Compound ‘B’ on reduction with Na/C2H5OH gives compound ‘C’ with molecular
formula C2H7N. Compound ‘C’ reacts with NaNO2 and HCl to form compound ‘D’.
Compound ‘D’ on treatment with acetic acid in presence of conc. H 2SO4 produces a sweet
smelling compound ‘E’.

(i) Identify the compounds ‘A’ to ‘E’.

 (ii) Name the reaction for the formation of compound ‘E’ from compound ‘D’.

SECTION D – 15 MARKS
Question 19 [5]
(i) Osmosis and osmotic pressure play a very significant role in biological processes. The osmotic pressure of
human blood is 8·21 atm at 27˚C. It is interesting to know that a 0·91% (mass/volume) solution of NaCl, known
as saline water is isotonic with fluids inside the human red blood cells. In this solution, the blood corpuscles
neither swell nor shrink. Therefore, medicines are mixed with saline water before being injected into the veins.
Answer the following questions.
(a) What is an isotonic solution?
(b) How much glucose should be used per 100ml (aqueous solution) for intravenous injection that is isotonic with
blood at 27˚C?
(c) What would be the osmotic pressure of blood if the temperature is 37˚C?
(d) A pure NaCl solution with salt concentration less than 0·91% (mass/volume) is hypertonic solution to human
blood. Is this statement true or false? Give a reason.
(e) Name the disease caused by taking a lot of salt or salty food, which results in water retention in tissue cells
causing puffiness or swelling.
Question 20 [5]
(i) Starting with methyl magnesium bromide, how will the following compounds be synthesised?
(a) Acetaldehyde (b) Acetone (c) Acetic acid
(ii) Explain the following:
(a) Tertiary halides should not be taken in Williamson synthesis.
(b) Formic acid reduces Tollen’s reagent but acetic acid does not.
Question 21 [3+2=5]
(i) An aromatic compound A on treatment with aqueous ammonia and heating forms compound B which on
heating with Br2 and KOH forms a compound C with Molecular formula C6H7N. write the structures and IUPAC
name of the compounds A,B and C.
(ii) Account for the following reactions :
a. pKb of aniline is more than that of methyl amine.
b. Amino benzene does not undergo Friedal Craft reaction.
OR
(i) How does the electronegativity of the substituent affect the pKb value and the basic strength of the substituted
propyl amine? Give a reason to support your answer. [2]
(ii) Aniline is meta directing in strong acidic condition, explain the reason. [2]
(iii) o-nitro phenyl amine has higher pKa value than that of phenyl amine why? [1]