STRATEGIES FOR TRANSLATORS

1. The strategy for translating “It is raining cats and dogs” can be related to
A. non-equivalence at lexical level B. idioms and fixed expressions
C. voice, number and person D. proper names
2. Translators need strategy for translating in “Oil Price to Rise?”
A. voice, number and person B. non-subject sentences
C. non-equivalence at lexical level D. newspaper headlines
3. The strategy for translating the underlined part in the sentence “She is my old friend.” can
be related to .
A. voice, number and person B. non-subject sentences
C. non-equivalence at lexical level D. newspaper headlines
4. The strategy for translating the underlined part in the sentence “She has just been recruited
by Coca Cola.” can be related to .
A. non-equivalence at lexical level B. idioms and fixed expressions
C. voice, number and person D. proper names
5. Translators may need the strategy related to when translating the underlined part
in the sentence “He is a doctor.”
A. voice, number and person B. non-subject sentences
C. non-equivalence at lexical level D. newspaper headlines
6. Translators may need the strategy related to when translating the underlined part
in the sentence “Vẫn chưa tìm được anh ta.”
A. voice, number and person B. non-subject sentences
C. non-equivalence at lexical level D. newspaper headlines
7. In some cases, it may be appropriate to use a more word to translate an English
word with no specific Vietnamese equivalent.
A. abstract B. general C. necessary D. ambiguous
8. Vietnamese refers to all two-wheel, motorized vehicles as “ ”.
A. xe máy B. xe hơi C. xe cộ D. xe lửa
9. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “Much can
be done even without being physically present in the meeting”
A. a more specific word B. a paraphrase
C. omission D. a more general word
10. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “Người
Việt thường ăn bánh tét vào dịp Tết”
A. omission B. a loan word plus explanation
C. a more specific word D. a more general word
11. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases?
“Pregnant women should avoid alcohol”
A. a paraphrase B. a loan word plus explanation
C. a more specific word D. a cultural substitution
12. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “She got
cancer due to the infection of HPV”
A. a paraphrase B. an explanation
C. omission D. a cultural substitution
13. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “There is a
rice field near my house”
A. a more specific word B. a paraphrase
C. omission D. a more general word
14. Which strategy may you need when translating the underlined words/ phrases? “Cats have
four paws”
A. a more specific word B. a paraphrase
C. omission D. a more general word
15. How can a translator deal with the problem he may meet when translating the
following sentence? “They joined the sit-in movement”
A. omission B. a fixed expression of similar meaning and form
C. paraphrasing D. a fixed expression of similar meaning but different form
16. How can a translator deal with the problem he may meet when translating the following
sentence? “Trẻ em cần bảo vệ khỏi mọi hình thức bạo lực, gây tổn thương hay xúc phạm,
bỏ mặc hoặc xao nhãng trong việc chăm sóc”
A. omission B. a fixed expression of similar meaning and form
C. paraphrasing D. a fixed expression of similar meaning but different form
17. can be used when we translate an English word or concept that does not exist
in Vietnamese.
A. Paraphrasing B. Omission C. Substitution D. Avoidance
18. The conversational of “Are you my teacher?” is “Do you want to teach me?”.
 A. structure B. implicature C. measure D. punctuation
19. The translations must be done on the basis of the target language grammar that is to
the readers.
A. appropriate B. same C. different D. familiar
20. All the team players fell joyful and proud when they won the game. The jubilant group formed a
parade.
A. ballad B. fatigue C. remote D. victory
21. English makes among “mopeds”, “scooters”, and “motorcycles”.
A. appropriateness B. examinations C. evaluations D. distinctions
22. What kind of problem does a translator have to deal with when translating the following
sentence into English? “Trẻ em cần bảo vệ khỏi mọi hình thức bạo lực, gây tổn thương
hay xúc phạm, bỏ mặc hoặc xao nhãng trong việc chăm sóc”
A. idioms and fixed expressions B. non-equivalence at lexical level
C. non-subject sentence D. headlines or proper names

TRANSLATION OF SYNONYMS AND COLLOCATIONS

23. “Cover, conceal, hide or mask” can be .

A. collocations B. antonyms C. synonyms D. hypernyms
24. A(n) is a word that has the same meaning, or the same general meaning.
A. collocation B. antonym C. synonym D. hypernym
25. “Death” in “King’s death” is normally translated “ ”.
A. cái chết B. sự ra đi C. băng hà D. viên tịch
26. The word “tìm ra” can be translated as “ ”.
A. discover B. find out C. invent D. all of them
27. refers to the ways words combine in a language to produce natural-
sounding speech and writing.
A. Collocation B. Antonym C. Synonym D. Hypernym
PATTERNS AND SOURCES OF ERRORS MADE BY VIETNAMESE TRANSLATORS

28. Vietnamese translators may make some linguistic, style and errors.
A. structural B. cultural C. lexical D. grammatical
29. “Drink medicine twice a day” has a error.
A. structural B. cultural C. lexical D. grammatical
30. “Nó lấy nhiều thời gian để phân phối hàng hóa đến các vùng xa xôi” has a error.
 A. structural B. cultural C. lexical D. style
31. The error in the sentence “Yesterday she said me a story” may be made by those who do not
pay attention to the .
A. tense B. pronoun C. collocation D. context
32. The misuse of can be seen in the sentence “Mr. Nam is experienced about
teaching pupils”.
A. idiom B. terminology C. collocation D. preposition
33. The sentence “She often lets the grass grow under her feet” has a(n) that can
make translators confused.
A. idiom B. terminology C. collocation D. preposition
34. “Total working capital” can be translated as
A. tổng thủ đô làm việc B. tổng lượng công việc ở thủ đô
C. tổng vốn lưu động D. tổng biên tế chênh lệch
35. In English, there is a tendency of using more structures while structures
are used more in Vietnamese.
A. nominal/ verbal B. verbal/ nominal C. active / passive D. passive/ creative
36. There is a tendency of using more constructions in English than in Vietnamese.
A. sensitive B. creative C. active D. passive
37. Some translators may not be aware of the relationship between form and function of
the sentence “Why don’t we go to the cinema?” as a(n) .
A. advice B. statement C. request D. suggestion
 REVISION FOR THEORY OF TRANSLATION INTRODUCTION TO

TRANSLATION

1. Translation is rendering the of a text into another language in the way that the
author intended the text.
A. source B. target C. meaning D. term
2. In translation the form of the language is replaced by the form of the receptor
language.
A. source B. target C. meaning D. term
3. Translating consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent
of the language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.
A. source B. target C. meaning D. term
4. In Vietnamese, however, is expressed in an isolated word as “những/các”.
A. discovery B. constancy C. plurality D. effectiveness
5. The word “lamb” means a(n) sheep.
A. old B. young C. male D. female
6. The word “runs” in “The river runs” can be translated as .
A. chạy B. chảy C. điều hành D. hoạt động
7. language is the language of the text that is to be or has been translated
A. Source B. Target C. Receptor D. Translation
8. Translation is the process of conveying messages across linguistic and cultural
A. barriers B. messages C. sources D. materials
9. “The doctor’s office” means .
A. the office is part of the doctor B. the doctor works in an office
C. the office has the doctor D. the doctor is related to the office
10. “The man’s eye” means .
A. the eye owns the man B. the man owns an eye
C. the eye is part of the man D. the man is related to the eye
11. Translation is the expression in another language (or target language) of what has
been expressed in another, source language, preserving semantic and

equivalences.
A. pragmatic B. historic C. systematic D. stylistic
12. Four main stages to be followed by translators are the of meaning, the discovery of
meaning, the of meaning, and the re-expression of meaning of the source into the
target.
A. analysis/ concern B. transfer/ analysis C. concern/ analysis D. analysis/ transfer
13. Which is NOT true? “My house” may mean “ ”.
A. the house I built B. the house I rent C. the house I saw D. the house I live in
14. “Jane, why don’t you clean the floor?” may function as a rather than a question.
A. question B. command C. sentence D. clause
15. A single meaning may be expressed in a variety of .
A. nouns B. use C. source D. forms

KINDS OF TRANSLATION

16. In “John found the book on mathematics”, preposition “on” refers to

A. the place B. the time C. the topic D. the promotion
17. translation is mainly meaning-based.
A. Word-for-word B. Literal C. Free D. Faithful
18. A(n) translation does not communicate the meaning of the source
text.
A. idiomatic B. literal C. secondary D. figurative
19. My wife delivered a baby boy yesterday. The underlined word can be translated as
A. phát B. giao C. giữ D. sanh
20. He is cold-hearted. The underlined word can be translated as .
A. lạnh tim B. máu lạnh C. nóng lạnh D. cô đơn
21. English has many nouns which really refer to actions while Vietnamese prefers to
express actions as rather than nouns
A. nouns B. verbs C. adjectives D. pronouns
22. If one is translating into Vietnamese, the pronoun “you” will have to indicate a difference in
gender, age and in comparison with the speaker.
A. function B. target C. number D. reason
23. In “John was stopped by a log across the road”, preposition “by” refers to
A. the place B. the agent C. the topic D. the promotion
24. is the “freest” form of translation. It is used mainly for plays and poetry
A. Word-for-word B. Literal C. Adaptation D. Faithful
25. Vietnamese people tend to use constructions to express their ideas
whereas English people prefer to use constructions.
A. active/ passive B. passive/ active C. active/ active D. passive/ passive

STEPS IN A TRANSLATION PROJECT

26. There are some matters people need to concern before they involve in a translation
project. These can be summarized under four Ts: the text, the target, the team, and the
.
A. tools B. tendency C. tasks D. transport
27. The refers to the document in the source language which needs to be translated.
A. tool B. text C. task D. target
28. The refers to the audience for whom the translation is prepared.
A. tool B. text C. task D. target
29. After a careful of the source language text, the translator begins drafting piece
by piece keeping his target audience in mind.
A. analysis B. approach C. transfer D. detail
30. In the of the source text, the translator needs to resolve the ambiguity,
identify implicit information, study key words and interpret figurative senses.
A. analysis B. approach C. transfer D. detail
31. After is done carefully, there will need to be a revised draft made on the basis
of the feedback received.
A. omission B. evaluation C. revision D. preparation
32. are also interested in training and helping the translator improve and learn to
make more adequate translations.
A. Consultants B. Translators C. Co-workers D. Learners
33. Before the translator prepares the final draft, decisions about , including pictures,
size of print need to be discussed with the whole translation team.
A. function B. content C. format D. version
34. refers to the process of discovering the meaning of the source language text
which is to be translated.
A. Establishing B. Initial draft C. Exegesis D. Evaluation
35. The purpose of evaluation in translation is threefold to get accuracy, clearness, and .
A. omission B. semantics C. carefulness D. naturalness
Current views on translation and the role of contextual analysis in translation
The original text may deal................................any subject from general philosophical
principles or postulates to minute technicalities in some obscure field of human
endeavour.
a. With
b. About
c. Of
d. For
Each of these forms of literary activities comprises a number of subgenres and the
translator may...........................................one or some of them in accordance with
his
talents and experience.
a.Come in
b.Specialize in
c.Put in
d.Give in
Translation.................................is an academic interdiscipline dealing with the
systematic study of the theory, description and application of , , and .
a. Studies
b. Work
c. Learn
d. Tutoring
The concept of context has been extensively studied by different linguists from
…...................................................., such as pragmatics and systemic-functional
linguistics.
a. Different minds
b.Different thinkings
c.Different trials
d.Different perspectives
Translation shifts...............................both at the lower level of language, i.e. the
lexicogrammar, and at the higher thematic level of text.
a. Find
b. Run
c. Drive
d. Occur
Different types of translation can be singled out....................................the
predominant communicative function of the source text or the form of speech
involved in the translation process.
a.Depending to
b.Depending for
c.Depending on
d.Depended on
The..............................of the translation should follow that of the original text.
a. Results
b. Reasons
c. Causes
d. Structure
In translation, there should be no change in the..................................of narration or
in the arrangement of the segments of the text.
a. Path
b. Sequence
c. Road
d. Play
Literary translation deals with literary texts, i.e. works of fiction or poetry whose main
function is to make an..................................or aesthetic impression upon the reader.
a.Emotional
b.Emotion
c.Motion
d.Moving
The transformational model postulates that in any two languages there is a number
of nuclear structures which are fully......................................each other.
a. Equivalent of
b. Equivalent to
c. Equivalent with
d. Equivalent for
A number of subdivisions can be also suggested for informative
translations, though the principles of......................................here are somewhat
different.
a.Classifying
b.Classify
c.Class
d.Classification
It is..................................that the translation has the same meaning as the original
text.
a. think
b. believe
c. presumed
d. understand
Translation is a..................................of interlingual communication.
a. Seed
b. Direction
c. Means
d. Wing
Literary translations may be subdivided in the same way, as each genre calls for a
specific arrangement and.....................................................specific artistic means to
impress
the
reader.
a.Makes useful of
b.Makes use of
c.Makes using of
d.Makes usefulness of
Contemporary translation activities of a translator are characterized
by a great variety of types,.................and levels of his responsibility.
a.Forms
b.Former
c.Forming
d.Formation
Translation is a..................of actions performed by the translator while rendering the
source text into another language.
a. Wing
b. Set
c. Branch
d.
e. part
The source language.........................of cultural context and situational context.
a. Contents
b. Contain
c. Consists
d. Have
Each language has an area of equivalence in.............................to the other
language.
a. Means
b. Respect
c. Way
d. Effect
The Role of Grammatical Analysis in Translation
In the process of communication, the meaning system is largely determined
…....................situational context: ideational meaning by field, interpersonal meaning
by tenor and textual meaning by mode .
a.By the two aspects of
b.By the three aspects of
c.By the five aspects of
d.By the four aspects of
The study is devoted to the exploration of English writing skill which sets out to
obtain some concrete information on the students’ problems in writing English
……………………………………
a.Supporting by Systemic Functional Grammar.
b.Supposed by Systemic Functional Grammar.
c.Support by Systemic Functional Grammar.
d.Supported by Systemic Functional Grammar.
Thematic progression helps give cohesion and thus coherence to a text, guiding the
reader through the text …………………………………………
a.In a logical and ration course.
b.In a logical and rationally course.
c.In a logical and rational course.
d.In a logically and rational course.
According to the frequency analysis, the topical/ideational elements occurred at
the most frequent rates followed by..............................................and
interpersonal
elements.
a.Textual elements
b.Texted elements
c.Texting elements
d.Text elements
Context of situation is closely related to various texts. Certain
…......................................................asks for certain text and in return, certain text
creates certain context.
a.Situational contextual
b.Situated context
c.Situation context
d.Situational context
Theme can be identified in terms of three metafunctions: …………………..
a.Ideational,interperson and textual.
b.Ideation,interpersonal and textual.
c.IDeational,interpersonal and text.
d.Ideational, interpersonal and textual.
Theme and Rheme boundary is a sequential ordering and range
of possible groups or phrases that use for setting ………………………
…....................................structure.
a.Theme and Modality
b.Tenor and Rheme
c.Theme and Rheme
d.Theme and Mood
The ideational is subdivided into two components, i.e., “experiential” and “logical”.
They convey …………
a.Different paths of
meanings. b.Different ways of
meanings. c.Different roads
of meanings. d.Different facts
of meanings.
The multiple Theme or split Rheme pattern was used at the most frequently. This
indicates that the multiple Theme or split Rheme patterns are
………………………………. a.Dominated
in the texts.
b.Domination in the texts.
c.Dominant in the texts.
d. Dominating in the texts.
The topical Theme is divided into two subtypes:...............................................Simple
marked Theme refers to when a topical element is chosen for foregrounding while
simple unmarked Theme refers to that which is most usual.
a. Unmarked and usual Theme.
b. Unmark and marked Theme.
c. Unmarked and mark Theme.
d. Unmarked and marked Theme.
Thematic structure includes Theme and Thematic
progression patterns, information structure includes
…...............................................................and cohesion includes reference,
conjunction, ellipsis and lexical cohesion.
a.Given and take units of information
b.Given and taken units of information
c.Give and new units of information
d.Given and new units of information