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syllabus

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ankittiwari70651
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The Combined Defence Services (CDS) exam conducted by the Union Public Service Commission

(UPSC) in India has a syllabus that is divided into three subjects for the Indian Military Academy
(IMA), Indian Naval Academy (INA), and Air Force Academy (AFA) aspirants. For Officers' Training
Academy (OTA) aspirants, only two subjects are included (English and General Knowledge). Below is a
detailed syllabus chart for the CDS exam.

1. English

The English paper in the CDS exam assesses the candidate's understanding of English, including basic
grammar, vocabulary, and usage.

Sub-topics:

- Vocabulary: Synonyms, Antonyms, Word Meanings.

- Grammar and Usage: Spotting Errors, Sentence Correction, Fill in the Blanks.

- Comprehension: Reading Passages followed by questions to test comprehension skills.

- Sentence Rearrangement: Ordering of sentences and paragraphs.

- Idioms and Phrases: Common English idioms and phrases, their meanings, and usage.

- Parts of Speech: Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, Prepositions, Conjunctions.

- Cloze Test: Passage completion exercises.

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2. General Knowledge (GK)

This section covers a wide range of topics and assesses the candidate's awareness of current events
and general knowledge on various subjects.

Sub-topics:

- Current Affairs: National and international events, awards, sports, and important developments.

- History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern Indian History, including freedom movements, prominent
leaders, and historical events.

- Geography:

- Physical Geography: Earth, climate, soils, rivers, oceans.

- Indian Geography: Major rivers, mountain ranges, lakes, soils, natural vegetation, and resources.

- World Geography: Important countries, continents, and physical features.


- Indian Polity: Indian Constitution, political system, governance, public policies, and important
national institutions.

- Economy: Indian Economy, banking system, budgeting, fiscal and monetary policy, economic
planning, and key economic indicators.

- Defence and Security: Information about Indian Armed Forces, ranks, weapons, recent
developments in defense technology.

- Science and Technology:

- Physics: Basics of light, sound, mechanics, thermodynamics.

- Chemistry: Acids, bases, chemical reactions, elements, compounds.

- Biology: Human body, health and diseases, botany, zoology.

- Environmental Science: Ecology, biodiversity, environmental issues, and climate change.

- Sports and Awards: Important sports events, trophies, and national/international awards.

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3. Elementary Mathematics

This section focuses on high school level mathematics. It is divided into various topics aimed at
testing the candidate’s quantitative ability.

Sub-topics:

- Arithmetic:

- Number System: Natural numbers, integers, fractions, decimal fractions, HCF and LCM, divisibility
rules.

- Simplification: Percentages, averages, ratio and proportion, time and work, time and distance,
speed, profit and loss, interest (simple and compound interest).

- Algebra:

- Basic Operations: Fundamental operations, roots, exponents.

- Equations: Linear equations, quadratic equations, simultaneous equations, inequalities.

- Trigonometry:

- Basics of Trigonometric Ratios: Sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, cosecant.

- Trigonometric Identities: Relations between trigonometric functions.

- Height and Distance Problems: Application of trigonometry in real-world situations.

- Geometry:
- Plane Geometry: Lines and angles, triangles, quadrilaterals, circles, polygons.

- Properties of Shapes: Congruence, similarity, and theorems related to triangles, quadrilaterals,


and circles.

- Mensuration:

- Area and Perimeter: Square, rectangle, parallelogram, triangle, circle.

- Surface Area and Volume: Cube, cuboid, cylinder, cone, sphere.

- Statistics:

- Mean, Median, Mode: Basics of data interpretation and statistical analysis.

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Exam Pattern:

- For IMA, INA, AFA:

1. English: 100 marks, 2 hours

2. General Knowledge: 100 marks, 2 hours

3. Elementary Mathematics: 100 marks, 2 hours

- For OTA:

1. English: 100 marks, 2 hours

2. General Knowledge: 100 marks, 2 hours

This syllabus covers a wide range of topics essential for candidates aspiring to join the armed forces
through the CDS exam. Each section plays a vital role in evaluating different skills, such as language
proficiency, general awareness, and mathematical ability.

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