BDwbU

evsjv‡`‡k AvšÍRv©wZK ms¯’vi mgvRDbœqb Kvh©µg

(Social Development Activities of International Organization in 8
Bangladesh)

f~wgKv
wek¦e¨vcx Amnvq, `y`©kvMÖ¯Í, ewÂZ, Ae‡nwjZ, hy×weaŸ¯Í gvby‡li Dbœqb I AMÖMwZ‡Z AvšÍRv©wZK ms¯’vi
mn‡hvwMZv Ab¯^xKvh©| `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv, ÎvY I cybe©vmb Kvh©µg, wkïAwaKvi iÿv, gvbevwaKvi iÿv, bvixi
ÿgZvqb, ÿgZv KvVv‡gv wba©viY, cÖe„w× Avbqb, mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi wbwðZ Kivmn bvbv wel‡q wek¦e¨vcx KvR
K‡i _v‡K AvšÍR©vwZK mgvRDbœqb ms¯’v| evsjv‡`‡ki Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b AvšÍR©vwZK mgvRDbœqb ms¯’vi
f~wgKv Amxg| 1970 mv‡ji cÖjq¼ix N~wY©So cieZ©x ÎvY I cybe©vmb Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi gva¨‡g G A‡j A‡bK
AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v Zv‡`i Kvh©µg ïiæ K‡i| cieZ©x‡Z 1971 mv‡j gnvb gyw³hy‡× cvwK¯Ívb nvbv`vi evwnbx †h
aŸsm‡hvM¨ Pvjvq, m¤ú‡`i ÿwZmvab K‡i Zv †_‡K DËi‡Y wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v GwM‡q Av‡m| hy× PjvKvjxb
mg‡q ÎvY Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ges hy× cieZ©x mg‡q evsjv‡`‡ki gvby‡li cybe©vmb I Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b A‡bK
AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v wewfbœiKg Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i| evsjv‡`‡ki mgvRDbœq‡b Gme AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vi Ae`vb
Acwimxg|

BDwbU mgvwßi mgq BDwbU mgvwßi m‡e©v”P mgq 3 mßvn

GB BDwb‡Ui cvVmg~n
cvV-8.1 : AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vi aviYv
cvV-8.2: †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg
cvV-8.3: †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM
cvV-8.4: Iqvì wfkbÕi D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg
cvV-8.5: Iqvì wfk‡bÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM
cvV-8.6: †iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBwUÕi D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg
cvV-8.7: †iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBwUi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM
cvV-8.8: BDwb‡mdÕi D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg
cvV-8.9: BDwb‡mdÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM
cvV-8.10: BDGbwWwcÕi D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg
cvV-8.11: BDGbwWwcÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq mgvRKg© wØZxq cÎ

cvV-8.1 AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vi aviYv (Concept of International Organization)

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.1.1 AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vi msÁv wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.1.2 evsjv‡`‡ki mgvRDbœqb Kvh©µ‡g AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vi weeZ©b I Kvh©µg eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.2.1 AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vi msÁv
AvšÍRv©wZK ms¯’v ej‡Z mvaviYZ Ggb ms¯’v‡K †evSv‡bv nq hv `yB‡qi AwaK †`‡k RbM‡Yi mvgvwRK,
A_©‰bwZK, ivR‰bwZK I mvs¯‹…wZK Dbœq‡b KvR K‡i, wek¦e¨vcx Kv‡Ri Dcw¯’wZ _v‡K Ges KvR Kivi cwiwa
we¯ÍZ
… _v‡K| AvšÍRv©wZK ms¯’v mvaviYZ ˆewk¦K g¨vb‡WU wb‡q MwVZ nq|
hy×weaŸ¯Í, `vwi`ª¨KewjZ, cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ¯Í †`‡ki Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœqb I cybevm©b Kvh©µg †Rvi`vi;
wk¶v, ¯^v¯’¨ e¨e¯’vi Dbœqb Ges `wi`ª I ewÂZ Rb‡Mvôxi Dbœq‡b AvšÍRv©wZK ms¯’v wek¦e¨vcx KvR K‡i|
mgvRDbœqbg~jK Kvh©µ‡g AvšÍRv©wZK ms¯’vi Ae`vb wek¦e¨vcx| we‡klK‡i cÖ_g I wØZxq wek¦hy‡×i ci wewfbœ
¯^‡ívbœZ `wi`ª iv󪸇jv‡Z mgvRDbœqbg~jK Kv‡R AvšÍRv©wZK ms¯’vi Ae`vb Ab¯^xKvh©| Aa¨vcK KznwÝ ivBU
(Quincy wright) Gi g‡Z, KZ¸‡jv mvaviY D‡Ïk¨ I j¶¨ ev¯Íevqb Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ ¯^vaxb iv‡óªi mgš^‡q
MwVZ AvšÍR©vwZK Ges AvÂwjK mgv‡Ri MVb I cwiPvjbv e¨e¯’vB n‡jv AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v| wek¦e¨vcx `vwi`ª¨,
¶zav, †ivM, gnvgvwi, cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM, wech©q cÖf„wZ †_‡K gy³ K‡i kvwšÍc~Y© I fvimvg¨ mgvR cÖwZôv KivB
AvšÍRv©wZK ms¯’vi g~j j¶¨| AvšÍRvwZ©K ms¯’v‡K mvaviYZ `y fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| cÖ_gZ: AvšÍRv©wZK †emiKvwi
ms¯’v †h¸‡jv AvšÍR©vwZK cwim‡i AjvfRbKfv‡e cwiPvwjZ nq †hgbÑ ¯‹vDU gyf‡g›U, B›Uvib¨vkbvj KwgwU Ad
†iW µm BZ¨vw`| wØZxqZ: AvšÍtmiKvi ms¯’v (Intergovermental organization) †h¸‡jv‡K A‡bK mgq
AvšÍR©vwZK miKvwi ms¯’v wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ Kiv nq| Gme ms¯’v g~jZ wewfbœ ¯^vaxb iv‡óªi mgš^‡q MwVZ nq|
†hgbÑ wek¦evwYR¨ ms¯’v, RvwZmsN, wek¦¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v BZ¨vw`|
8.1.2 evsjv‡`‡ki mgvRDbœqb Kvh©µ‡g AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vi weeZ©b I Kvh©µg
evsjv‡`‡ki mgvRDbœqb Kvh©µ‡g AvšÍRv©wZK ms¯’vi Kvh©µg †ek cyiv‡bv| 1947 mv‡j fviZ I cvwK¯Ívb bv‡g
`ywU iv‡óªi ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi ci †_‡KB wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v c~e© cvwK¯Ívb As‡k KvR K‡i AvmwQ‡jv|
evsjv‡`‡k Z_v ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯—v‡b msMwVZ Dc‡i mgvRKj¨vYg~jK Kg©Kv‡Ði m~ÎcvZ N‡UwQ‡jv AvšÍRv©wZK
ms¯’vi gva¨‡g| 1952 mv‡ji b‡f¤^i gv‡m RvwZms‡Ni we‡klÁ `j XvKvq AvMgb K‡i wewfbœ AbymÜvb, ch©‡e¶Y
I Rwic cwiPvjbv K‡i| GiB †cÖw¶‡Z RvwZms‡Ni mnvqZvq 1954 mv‡j cÖ_g XvKv cÖ‡R± bv‡g cix¶vg~jK
cÖ‡R± Pvjy nq| 1955 mv‡j XvKvi Kv‡qZUzjx‡Z kni mgwó Dbœqb cÖKí Pvjy Kiv nq| 1971 mv‡ji gnvb
gyw³hy‡× cvwK¯—vb nvbv`vi evwnbx evsjv‡`‡k †h aŸsmhÁ Pvjvq Zv wQ‡jv ee©‡ivwPZ| evsjv‡`k i³¶qx msN‡l©i
gva¨‡g ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi ci hy×weaŸ¯— iv‡óªi cybevm©b I Dbœq‡b A‡bK AvšÍvRv©wZK ms¯’v mvnv‡h¨i nvZ evwo‡q
†`q| ¯^vaxbZvi ci evsjv‡`k wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’vi m`m¨c` jvf K‡i| eZ©gv‡b wewfbœ ai‡bi AvšÍR©vwZK
ms¯’v evsjv‡`‡k KvR Ki‡Q hvi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jvÑ WHO, UNICEF, World Vision, Red Cross,
Save the Children BZ¨vw`|
mvims‡ÿc
mvaviYZ wek¦gvb‡ei Kj¨v‡Y ¯^vaxb iv‡óªi m¤^š^‡q MwVZ †Kv‡bv ms¯’v‡K AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v ejv nq| Gme ms¯’v
wek¦e¨vcx `wi`ª, Ae‡nwjZ, ewÂZ I `y‡h©vMKwjZ Rb‡Mvôxi Dbœq‡b KvR K‡i _v‡K| evsjv‡`‡ki
mgvRDbœq‡bI AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v Kvh©Kifv‡e Ae`vb †i‡L P‡j‡Q| WHO, UNICEF, World Vision, Red
Cross, Save the Children mn wewfbœ ms¯’v ¯^vaxbZv jv‡fi ci †_‡KB evsjv‡`‡ki gvby‡li Av_©-mvgvwRK
Dbœq‡b KvR K‡i hv‡”Q|

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-8.1
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b:
1| wKfv‡e AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v MwVZ nq?
(K) `yB ms¯’vi mgš^‡q (L) ¯^vaxb iv‡óªi mgš^‡q
(M) `yB e¨w³i mgš^‡q (N) GKK fv‡e
2| KZ mv‡j XvKv cÖ‡R± Pvjy nq?
(K) 1952 mv‡j (L) 1954 mv‡j
(M) 1955 mv‡j (N) 1957 mv‡j

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq mgvRKg© wØZxq cÎ

cvV-8.2 †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg (Objectives and Programmes of Save

the Children)
D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.2.1 †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi D‡Ïk¨mg~n wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.2.2 †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi Gi Kvh©µg eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.2.1 †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi D‡Ïk¨
GKwU my¯’, wbivc`, cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK cwi‡e‡k wkï‡`i †e‡o IVv, mKj cÖKvi `y‡h©vM †_‡K
wkï‡`i i¶v Kiv Ges wkïi mvwe©K Dbœq‡b wewb‡qvM Kivi D‡Ïk¨ wb‡q 1919 mvj †_‡K †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb KvR
K‡i hv‡”Q| eZ©gv‡b 120wUi †`‡k Gi Kvh©µg cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q| hy³iv‡R¨ 1919 mv‡j mgvR‡mex BM‡jbUvBb
†Re Ges Zuvi †evb †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb cÖwZôv K‡ib| G mgq cÖ_g wek¦hy‡×i cÖfve Ges ivwkqvwecø‡ei ci BD‡iv‡c
A_©‰bwZK g›`vfve PjwQj| wek¦e¨vcx †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb Av‡›`vj‡bi Ask wn‡m‡e we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡k †mf `¨v
wPj‡Wªb ms¯’v M‡o D‡V| eZ©gv‡b †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb Gjv‡qÝ ev †RvU
wn‡m‡e wkïKj¨v‡Y wb‡qvwRZ| wek¦e¨vcx †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb Gjv‡qÝ Gi
m`m¨ cÖvq 30wU| esjv‡`‡k G ms¯’vi g~j iƒcKí n‡”Q cÖ‡Z¨K wkï hv‡Z
m¤§vwbZ bvMwiK wn‡m‡e M‡o DVvi †¶‡Î Zv‡`i m¤¢vebvi c~Y© weKvk
Ges AwaKv‡ii e¨vcv‡i m‡Pó nq Zv wbwðZ Kiv| G iƒcKí‡K mvg‡b
†i‡L †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb wb‡¤œv³ D‡Ïk¨ ev¯Íevq‡b KvR Ki‡QÑ
K. wkï‡`i Rb¨ m‡e©v”P Bgc¨v± wbwðZ Ki‡b cÖ‡Z¨K m¤ú‡`i Kvh©Ki
e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv wPÎ 8.2.1 : †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb
L. wkï‡`i Rb¨ my¯’ I wbivc` cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK cwi‡ek ˆZwi Kiv;
M. AvcrKvjxb mgqmn Ab¨vb¨ mg‡qI D™¢vebx Ávb, G¨vW‡fv‡Kwm Ges ¸bMZ Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g Ab¨vb¨ wkï
AwaKvi i¶vg~jK cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ KvR Kiv Ges †bZ…Z¡ †`qv; Ges
N. wkïiv hv‡Z Zv‡`i AwaKvi m‡PZb nq Ges m¤¢vebvgq bvMwiK wn‡m‡e M‡o DV‡Z cv‡i Zv wbwðZ Kiv|
8.2.2 †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi Gi Kvh©µg
wkï‡`i Dbœqb I weKv‡k mn‡hvwMZvi j¶¨ mvg‡b †i‡LB 1970 mvj †_‡K evsjv‡`‡k †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb Kvh©µg
cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q| mvaviYZ QqwU wel‡q Zviv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i| h_v: wkï ïiÿv, wkï `wi`ªZv, ¯^v¯’¨,cywó
Ges GBPAvBwf/GBWm, wk¶v Ges wkï AwaKvi Mf©‡bÝ, Ges gvbeZvev`x Kg©KvÐ| cÖ‡Z¨K eQi †mf `¨v
wPj‡Wªb 15 wgwjq‡bi †ewk RbMY‡K †mev w`‡q _v‡K| 100 wU cvU©bvi cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ mshy³ n‡q 800 Gi
†ewk KvR wb‡q Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb| A‡±vei 2011 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k Kg©iZ †mf `¨v
wPj‡Wªb cÖwZôvbmg~n GKmv‡_ n‡q †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb B›Uvib¨vkb¨vj bv‡g KvR Kivi wm×všÍ MÖnY K‡i| †mf `¨v
wPj‡Wªb Gi D‡j- L‡hvM¨ Kvh©µgmg~n n‡jv:
K. wkï `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb Kg©m~wP: evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK wkïB `vwi‡`ª¨i Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ n‡”Q|
Zv‡`i weKvk I e„w× `viæbfv‡e e¨vnZ n‡”Q| `vwi`ªcxwoZ cwiev‡ii wkïi wk¶v, ¯^v¯’¨ I Dbœqb wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨
†mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb wZbwU †KŠkj e¨envi K‡i _v‡K| cÖ_gZ: PvBì †mb‡mwUf jvBfwjûWm †KŠkj †hLv‡b
KwgDwbwU wfwËK ¯^v¯’¨‡mev I cywó Kg©m~wP Pvjy Av‡Q| G‡¶‡Î Lv`¨ wbivcËv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ G cÖwZôvb Ab¨vb¨
cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ kw³kvjxfv‡e Askx`vwiZ¡ ˆZwi K‡i| wØZxqZ: kw³kvjx PvBì †mb‡mwUf †mvk¨vj †cÖv‡UKkb|
G †KŠk‡ji gva¨‡g †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb evsjv‡`k miKvi Gi Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ k³ Askx`vwiZ¡ ˆZwi K‡i
KwgDwbwUwfw³K RxweKv wbev©‡ni Dcvq¸‡jv‡Z wkï Av‡Q Ggb `vwi`ªcxwoZ cwievi‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qv nq| wfwRwW,

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

wfwRGd Ges cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK we`¨vjq¸‡jv‡Z †g‡qwkï‡`i e„wË GB †KŠk‡ji Ask| ZZ…xqZ: wK‡kvi‡`i
Dbœq‡b wk¶v I KvwiMwi cÖwk¶Y †`qv hvi bvg G¨v‡Wv‡j‡m›U w¯‹j di mvK‡mmdzj UªvbwRkb| †hme wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvix A_ev wkï wewfbœ †¶‡Î †hgbÑ K…wl, SzwuKc~Y© kªg, M„nKg©x BZ¨vw` K‡g© wb‡qvwRZ Zv‡`i wÎgyLx cÖwk¶‡Yi
e¨e¯’v Kiv nq| hv‡Z K‡i wb‡Riv ¯^vej¤^x n‡Z cv‡i|
L. PvBì †cÖv‡UKkb Kg©m~wP: G Kg©mw~ Pi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wkï‡`i mKj cÖKvi wbh©vZb, nqivwb I Ace¨envi
†_‡K i¶v Kiv| evsjv‡`‡k wkïiv bvbv ai‡bi wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi nq| wkïiv evj¨weevn, SzuwKc~Y© Kv‡R wb‡qvM,
†hŠb wbh©vZb, AcniY I cvPv‡ii wkKvi n‡”Q| Gme wbh©vZb, nqivwb I Ace¨envi †_‡K wkï‡`i i¶vi Rb¨
†mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ GKwÎZ n‡q AwffveK‡`i cÖwk¶Y †`q, AvBbx mnvqZv †`q, cvPv‡ii
wkKvi n‡j h_vh_ e¨e¯’vi MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g wdwi‡q Avb‡Z mn‡hvwMZv K‡i|
M. wk¶vg~jK Kg©m~wP: wk¶v wkïi †gŠwjK AwaKvi| †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb mKj wkï hv‡Z gvbm¤§Z wk¶v jvf Ki‡Z
cv‡i †mRb¨ KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| mswkøó miKvwi cÖwZôvb Ges †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’vi mv‡_ †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb AZ¨šÍ
wbweofv‡e KvR K‡i Pj‡Q| `wi`ª wkï‡`i e„wË cÖ`vb, †jLvcovi mvgMÖx cÖ`vb `ycy‡i Lvev‡ii e¨e¯’v Kiv,
gvbm¤§Z wk¶K wb‡qvM BZ¨vw` c`‡ÿc MÖnY K‡i †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb wkï‡`i gvbm¤§Z cÖv_wgK wk¶v wbwðZKi‡Y
KvR Ki‡Q|
N. ¯^v¯’¨, cywó Ges GBPAvBwf/GBWm: beRvZK, wkï, wK‡kvi, ZiæY Ges gv‡`i ¯^v¯’¨MZ SzuwK wPwýZ K‡i Zv
`~ixKi‡Y KvR K‡i †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb| G‡¶‡Î ms¯’vwU evsjv‡`k miKvi‡K gv I wkï¯^v¯’¨ cwiPhv©i mv‡_
mswkøó‡`i cÖwk¶Y w`‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| mswkøó gš¿Yvjq, wefvM I Awa`dZ‡i wb‡qvwRZ Kg©x‡`i cÖwk¶Y †`q|
†hme GjvKvq ¯^v¯’¨‡mev †cuŠQv‡bv `yiƒn †mme GjvKvq †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb AvcrKvjxb mvgwqK ¯^v¯’¨‡mev †`Iqvi
Rb¨ fvmgvb wK¬wb‡Ki e¨e¯’v K‡i| †hgbÑ nvIo AÂj| GQvovI KwgDwbwUwfwËK †hme ¯^v¯’¨‡meK Av‡Q Zv‡`i
cÖwk¶Y †`q Ges beRvZK wkïi jvjbcvjb I Mf©eZx© gv‡qi †mev wb‡q cÖwk¶b †`Iqv nq|
O. gvbweK Kg©KvÐ: evsjv‡`k GKwU cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMcÖeY †`k| †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb `y‡h©vMKewjZ GjvKvq gvbyl I
cÖvYxi Rxebnvwb n«vm, †iv‡Mi cÖv`yf©ve eÜ Kiv Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi e¨vcv‡i m‡PZb Kivi †¶‡Î KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| GRb¨
`y‡hv©M KwejZ GjvKv I DcK~j GjvKvq K¨vcvwmwU wdwìs I Avkªq¯’j wbg©v‡Y KvR K‡i †mf `¨v wPj‡Wªb| ÎvY I
cybe©vm‡bi cvkvcvwk `y‡h©vMKwejZ GjvKvq wkï¯^v¯’¨ i¶vq †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb bvbvfv‡e Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i|
P. cwjwm ivBUm Mf‡b©Ý: †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiKmgvR, msm`-m`m¨, ZiæYmgvR Ges RvZxq
cÖwZôvb (†hgbÑ RvZxq gvbevwaKvi Kwgkb) Gi mv‡_ wkï‡`i Ace¨envi eÜ| wkïkªg `~ixf~Z Kivi †¶‡Î †mf
`¨v wPj‡Wªb ZiæY mgv‡ek, wK‡kvi wK‡kvix‡`i mgv‡ek, weZ©‡Ki Av‡qvRb I Av‡jvPbv Abyôv‡bi Av‡qvRb K‡i
_v‡K|
mvims‡ÿc
wkï‡`i Dbœq‡b wewb‡qvM fwel¨Z wewbg©v‡Yi †kªô wewb‡qvM| ZvB wkïi weKvk I Dbœq‡b my¯’ I wbivc` cwi‡ek
M‡o †Zvjv, wkïi AwaKvi i¶v I m¤¢vebvgq bvMwiK wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjvi j‡¶¨B †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb KvR K‡i
hv‡”Q| D‡Ïk¨ ev¯—evq‡b G ms¯’v ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, wk¶v, G¨vW‡fv‡Kwm, K¨vcvwmwU wewìs, PvBì †cÖv‡UKkbmn
wewfbœ Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-8.2
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b:
1| fwel¨Z wewbg©v‡Yi †kªô wewb‡qvM n‡jvÑ
(K) iv¯Ív-NvU wbgv©‡Y wewb‡qvM (L) wkï‡`i Dbœq‡b wewb‡qvM
(M) Kj KviLvbvq wewb‡qvM (N) e¨emvq wewb‡qvM
2| †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb evsjv‡`‡k Kvh©µg ïiæ K‡i KZ mv‡j?
(K) 1972 mv‡j (L) 1973 mv‡j
(M) 1971 mv‡j (N) 1974 mv‡j

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq mgvRKg© wØZxq cÎ

cvV-8.3 †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM (Application of Social

Work Methods in the Programmes of Save the Children)
D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.3.1 †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM we‡kølY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

8.3.1 †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM

wek¦e¨vcx wkï‡`i Rb¨ my¯’, wbivc`, mvgvwRK I cvwievwiK cwi‡ek ˆZwii gva¨‡g wkï‡`i weKvk I
Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b Ges bvix‡`i ¶gZvq‡b KvR K‡i hv‡”Q †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb| ms¯’vwU Zvi Afxó j¶¨ AR©‡b
120 wU †`‡k wbijmfv‡e wewfbœ Kvh©µg Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q we‡k¦i| wk¶v, ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, G¨vW‡fv‡Kwmmn wewfbœ Kvh©µg
cwiPvjbv K‡i †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb| Gme Kvh©µ‡gi aib, cwiwa, we¯—…wZ I D‡Ïk¨ e¨vL¨v Ki‡j ¯úóZ cÖZxqgvb nq
mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM| mgvRK‡g©i †gŠwjK c×wZ h_v e¨w³ mgvRKg©, `j mgvRKg© I mgwó Dbœqb Ges mgwó
msMV‡bi Zvrch©c~Y© cÖ‡qvM j¶Yxq|
`wi`ª wkï‡`i h_vh_ AvwZ¥K, gvbwmK Ges kvixwiK Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb, Ôwkï `vwi`ª¨Õ bvgK Kg©m~wP
cwiPvjbv K‡i, hvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv `wi`ªcxwoZ wkï‡`i Dbœqb wbwðZ Kiv Ges wkïAwaKvi i¶v Kiv| G
Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq ms¯’vwU KwgDwbwUwfwËK cÖwk¶Y Gi e¨e¯’v K‡i| KwgDwbwUwfwËK m‡PZb `j ˆZwi K‡i, `j‡K
cÖwk¶Y †`q, Kg©ms¯’v‡bi DcKiY mieivn K‡i wkï‡`i cÖwZ BwZevPK g‡bvfve ˆZwi‡Z RxebgyLx wk¶vi e¨e¯’v
K‡i| Gme Kvh©µ‡g mgwó Dbœqb Ges `j mgvRKg© cÖ‡qvM j¶Yxq| wkï‡`i mKj cÖKvi wbh©vZb, Ace¨envi,
nqivwb, SzwuKc~Y© KvR †_‡K i¶vi Rb¨ †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb KvR K‡i| wbh©vwZZ wkï‡`i cv‡k `uvwo‡q AvBbMZ
mnvqZvi cvkvcvwk Avkªq, wk¶v, ¯^v¯’¨‡mev Ges KvDwÝwjs‡mev w`‡q _v‡K | we‡klZ AcniY ev cvPv‡ii wkKvi
wkï‡`i wdwi‡q wb‡q Avmvi †¶‡Î ms¯’vwU Kvh©Ki f~wgKv cvjb K‡I _v‡K| myZivs ejv hvq, e¨w³ mgvRK‡g©i
bxwZgvjvi Av‡jv‡K g~j¨‡eva i¶v, e¨w³i g~j¨ I gh©v`v ¯^xK…wZ, wkïKj¨vY I ¶gZvi cybiæ×v‡i e¨w³ mgvRKg©
c×wZi cÖ‡qvM j¶¨ Kiv hvq|
GQvovI †mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi Gi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRK‡g©i mgwó Dbœqb I mgwó msMVb c×wZ we‡kl f~wgKv cvjb
K‡i| wkï I gwnjv‡`i wk¶v, cywó, AvbzôvwbK wk¶v Kvh©µ‡g mgwó Dbœqb c×wZi cÖ‡qvM NUv‡bv hvq| mvaviYZ
AbybœZ ev Dbœqbkxj †`kmg~‡n mgwói gvby‡li Av_©-mvgvwRK †¶Îmn mvwe©K Ae¯’vi BwZevPK cwieZ©‡b mgwó
Dbœqb c×wZ e¨envi Kiv nq| wbivcËv I h_vh_ Kg©ms¯’v‡bi Afv‡e A‡bKmgq bvixiv mgv‡Ri g~j‡mªvZ †_‡K
nvwi‡q hvq| †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb wkï‡`i cvkvcvwk bvix‡`i Dbœq‡b †ek wKQy Kvh©µ g cwiPvjbv K‡i| cwiKwíZ `j
MVb, Drcv`bgyLx Kv‡R Drmvnx Kiv Ges Kg©ms¯’v‡b mnvqZv Kivi gva¨‡g †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb `j mgvRK‡g©i
bxwZgvjv‡K cÖ‡qvM K‡i|

mvims‡ÿc
†mf `¨ wPj‡WªbÕi jÿ¨ I D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_ mgvRK‡g©i jÿ¨ I D‡Ï‡k¨i mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q| wkÿv, ¯^v¯’¨, wkï myiÿv
msMVb, gvbweK Kvh©µgmn †ek wKQz Kvh©µ‡g mgvRK‡g©i e¨w³ mgvRKg©, `j mgvRKg© Ges mgwó Dbœqb I
mgwó c×wZi cÖ‡qvM jÿ¨ Kiv hvq|

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-8.3
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b:
1| ÿgZvi cybiæ×v‡i mgvRK‡g©i †Kvb c×wZi cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq?
K) e¨w³ mgvRKg© L) `j mgvRKg©
M) mgwó Dbœqb N) mgwó msMVb
2| wkï‡`i cªwZ BwZevPK g‡bvfvi ˆZwi‡Z †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb Kx K‡i?
K) KvwiMix wkÿvi e¨e¯’v K‡i L) AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi e¨e¯’v K‡i
M) RxebgyLx wkÿvi e¨e¯’v K‡i N) AbvbyôvwbK wkÿvi e¨e¯’v K‡i

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq mgvRKg© wØZxq cÎ

cvV-8.4 Iqvì© wfkbÕi D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg (Objectives and Programmes of

World Vision)
D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.4.1 Iqvì© wfkbÕi D‡Ïk¨mg~n wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.4.2 Iqvì wfkbÕi Kvh©µgmg~n eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.4.1 Iqvì© wfkbÕi D‡Ïk¨
Iqvì© wfkb GKwU Lªxóvb gvbeZvev`x ms¯’v hv we‡k¦i ewÂZ, Aiw¶Z wkï Zvi cwievi Ges mgwói
Kj¨v‡Y wb‡ew`Z| ag©, eY© I †RÛv‡ii E‡aŸ© D‡V gvby‡li Kj¨vY mvabB
Gi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨| 1950 mv‡j Wv. ee wcqvim (Dr. Bob Pierce)
Iqvì© wfkb cÖwZôv K‡ib| QqwU gnv‡`‡ki 100 wUi †ewk †`‡k Iqvì©
wfkb GLb KvR Ki‡Q| Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`‡k Kg©KvÐ ïiæ K‡i 1970
mv‡j| 1971 mv‡j AvšÍR©vwZK Iqvì© wfk‡bi D‡`¨v‡M fvi‡Zi Iqvì©
wfk‡bi mnvqZvq ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡gi Kvi‡Y AvMZ evsjv‡`kx DØv¯‘
K¨v‡¤ú G ms¯’v ÎvYKvh© cwiPvjbv K‡i| evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb nevi ci wPÎ 8.4.1 : Iqvì© wfkb
1972 mv‡j ms¯’vwU †`‡ki e„nr GjvKvi Dbœqb Kg©m~wPi mv‡_ RwoZ|
evsjv‡`‡ki †Q‡j‡g‡q‡`i fv‡jv Rxeb MV‡Yi D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡LB
G ms¯’vi Kvh©µg Pj‡Q| wek¦e¨vcx Iqvì© wfk‡bi iƒcKí n‡jvÑ cÖ‡Z¨KUv wkï Zvi Rxe‡b c~Y©Zv cvK, Avgv‡`i
cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki cÖv_©bv wkïiv †hb Zv Ki‡Z cv‡i| Iqvì© wfk‡bi QqwU core value Av‡Q| †m¸‡jv n‡jvÑ K. Avgiv
wLªóvb, L. Avgiv `wi‡`ªi cÖwZ cÖwZÁve×, M. Avgiv gvby‡li gh©v`v †`B, N. Avgiv mevB †meK, O. Avgiv G‡K
Ac‡ii msMx Ges P. Avgiv Riæwi Ae¯’vi cÖwZ/Avc`Kvjxb mg‡qi cÖwZ wµqvkxj| m‡ev©cwi Iqvì wfkb
evsjv‡`kÕi †KŠkjMZ D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv:
K. bvix I wkï ¯^v‡¯’¨i Ges cywógv‡bi Dbœqb;
L. gvbm¤§Z wk¶vq cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv;
M. wkïiv hv‡Z wbivc` Ges Av`‡i _v‡K Zv wbwðZ Kiv; Ges
N. KwgDwbwU cÖv‡bv”QjZv/ w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv e„w× Kiv|
8.4.2 Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`ki Kvh©µg
1970 mv‡j ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b cÖjqsKvix N~wY©So nq| N„wY©So-AvµvšÍ gvbyl‡K ÎvY I cybe©vmb Kv‡R
mn‡hvwMZvi Rb¨ Iqvì wfkb evsjv‡`k G †`‡k Kvh©µg ïiæ K‡i| Gici 1971 mv‡j i³¶qx ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i
mgq cvwK¯Ívb nvbv`vi evwnbxi ee©‡ivwPZ wbh©vZ‡b †hme evsjv‡`wk fvi‡Z wiwdDwR wn‡m‡e Avkªq MÖnY K‡i,
Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k Zv‡`i Rb¨ ÎvY I cyYe©vm‡b mnvqZv K‡i| Iqvì© wfkb eZ©gv‡b 31 wU †Rjvq Zvi
Kvh©µg Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q| Iqvì© wfk‡bi Kvh©µg¸‡jv‡K 5wU fv‡M fvM K‡i Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv:
1| wkï wbivcËv‡eóbx cÖKí: bvix, cyiæl I wkï cvPv‡ii †¶‡Î evsjv‡`k‡K Ab¨Zg Drm Ges UªvbwRó ivóª
wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq| `wi`ªZv cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM, bvix‡`i Am¤§vb m‡PZbZvi Afve AvB‡bi h_vh_ AcÖ‡qv‡Mi
Afve‡K cvPv‡ii †cQ‡b `vqx Kiv nq| wkï‡`i †h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi bvRyKZv, Ace¨envi I cvPvi †iv‡a Iqvì©
wfkb evsjv‡`k wkï wbivcËv †eóbx cÖKí Pvjy K‡i‡Q| G cÖK‡íi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv cvPvi cÖwZ‡iva, cvPvi
nIqv I wkï‡`i D×vi K‡i cybe©vm‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv| evsjv‡`‡ki 9wU †Rjvi 25 wU Dc‡Rjvq G cÖKí cwiPvwjZ
nq| G cÖK‡íi g~j Kg©m~wP n‡jv wZbwU welqwfwËKhv wb¤œiƒc:
GK) cÖwZ‡iva: gvbe cvPvi cÖwZ‡iva cÖwk¶Y, m‡PZbZv m„wó, wkï ev¯Íe cwi‡ek ˆZwi, ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q KwgwU MVb
Ges evj¨weevn cÖwZ‡iva Kiv|

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`yB) cÖwZKvi: hviv B‡Zvg‡a¨B UªvwRK wfKwUg n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i D×v‡ii Rb¨i ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q KwgwU MVb, mn‡hvwMZv,
IqvK©kc, wgwUs Ges †÷K‡nvìvi‡`i mv‡_ KvR Kiv|
wZb) cybe©vmb: UªvwRK wfKwUg wkï‡`i mgv‡Ri g~j †mªv‡Z cybivq wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ KvDwÝwjs, Lv`¨, e¯¿,
evm¯’v‡bi e¨e¯’v AvBbMZ mnvqZv †`qv|
2| WvB‡i± cywó n¯Í‡¶cg~jK cÖKí : Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k RvwZms‡Ni wkï Znwe‡ji mv‡_ †hŠ_fv‡e wkï‡`i
cywóm¤§Z Lvevi †hvMv‡b evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mv‡_ KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| 2012 mv‡ji b‡f¤^i †_‡K WvB‡i± cywó
n¯Í‡¶cg~jK cÖKí Pvjy nq| G cÖK‡íi AvIZvq wkï, e„× I Mf©ewZ gwnjv‡`i cywómg„× Lvevi mieiv‡n KvR
K‡i _v‡K|
3| bZzb Rxe‡bi Avkv cÖKí : Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k wkïkªg `~i K‡i wkï‡`i h_vh_ weKvk I Dbœq‡bi my‡hvM
ˆZwi Kivi Rb¨ bZzb Rxe‡bi Avkv cÖKí cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q| cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq †_‡K S‡i cov wkï‡`i cybivq
¯‹z‡j fwZ© Kiv‡bv, wkï‡`i Rb¨ AvbyôvwbK cÖv_wgK wk¶vi e¨e¯’v, KwgDwbwUwfwËK wkïwbivcËv I cÖ‡UKkb Pvjy
Ki‡Z KvR Ki‡Q| G cÖK‡íi AvIZvq 331013 Rb wkï‡K †mev †`qv n‡q‡Q hvi g‡a¨ 12,893 Rb cÖv_wgK
¯‹zj †_‡K S‡i c‡owQ‡jv| bxjdvgvix, wK‡kviMÄ Ges iscyy‡i G Kg©m~wPi we¯Í…wZ i‡q‡Q|
4| biKwj cÖKí : Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k cvuP eQ‡ii Kg eqwm wkï‡`i Ges Mf©eZ©x gwnjv‡`i Acywó `~ixKi‡Y
cÖKí cwiPvjbv K‡i| bxjdvgvix, w`bvcRyi, iscyi, RqcyinvU, bIMuv, †kicyi Ges gqgbwmsn) 7 wU †Rjvi 18wU
Dc‡Rjvq G cÖKí Pvjy i‡q‡Q| †Kvwiqv AvšÍRv©vwZK mvnvh¨ ms¯’v I AvwR‡bGgvó Rvcv‡bi mv‡_ †hŠ_fv‡e G
cÖKí Pvjy i‡q‡Q| Gi AvIZvq ¯^v¯’¨ Lv‡Zi eZ©gvb KvVv‡gvi K¨vcvwmwU kw³kvjxKiY, ZË¡veavb e„w×, Mf©eZx
gwnjv mg_©b `j MVb, cywóKi Lv‡`¨ mieivn Ges KwgDwbwUwfwËK Iqvk Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i|
5| behvÎv cÖKí : BDGmGAvBwW Gi mv‡_ †hŠ_fv‡e Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k cvuPeQi †gqvw` Lv`¨ mnvqZv cÖKí
(behvÎv cÖKí) Pvjy K‡i‡Q| Lv`¨ AwbivcËv `~ixKiY Ges Lv`¨msKU †gvKvwejvq evsjv‡`‡ki `w¶Y-cwðg
A‡ji DcK~jxq GjvKvq G cÖKí KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| G cÖKí QqwU Dcv`v‡bi wfwˇZ KvR K‡i| Dcv`vb¸‡jv
n‡”QÑ GK) gvZ…Z¡Kvjxb wkï ¯^v¯’¨ Ges cywó, `yB) weï× Lvevi cvwb mieivn, wZb) m¨vwb‡Ukb Ges nvBwRb, Pvi)
gv‡K©UwfwËK K…wlcY¨ Drcv`b, cvuP) Avq e„w× Ges Qq) wj½mgZv Ges KwgDwbwUwfwËK `y‡h©vM †gvKvwejv
Kvh©µg|

mvims‡ÿc
Iqvì© wfkb mgvRKj¨vY I Dbœq‡bi †¶‡Î evsjv‡`‡k bvbvgyLx Kg©Kv‡Ð e¨c„Z i‡q‡Q| QqwU †Kvi †fj¨yi
gva¨‡g bvix I wkï‡`i ¯^v‡¯’¨i Dbœqb; Ae‡nwjZ I ewÂZ wkï‡`i gvbm¤§Z wk¶vq cÖ‡ekvwaKvi wbwðZ Kiv
Ges wkïiv hv‡Z wbivc` Ges Av`‡i _v‡K Zv wbwðZ Ki‡ZB KvR K‡i hv‡”Q Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k| GRb¨
Pvjy i‡q‡Q wkï myi¶vg~jK, wk¶vg~jK, ¯^v¯’¨ cwiPh©vg~jK, wbivcËvg~jK wewfbœ Kg©m~wP| Gme Kg©m~wPi g~j
j¶¨ n‡jv cÖ‡Z¨KUv wkï‡K GKwU my¯’ I wbivc` cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK bvMwiK wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjv|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-8.4
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b:
1| Iqvì© wfkb Gi cÖwZôvZv †K wQ‡jb?
(K) W. ee wcqvim (L) W. ee w`qvwb
(M) ivbx IqvRWv (N) W. †_‡imv †c‡imv
2| Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`‡ki eZ©gv‡b KZwU †Rjvq Kvh©µg Pvjv‡”Q?
(K) 35 wU (L) 30 wU
(M) 31 wU (N) 29 wU

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cvV-8.5 Iqvì© wfkbÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM (Application of Social

Work Methods in the Programmes of World Vision)
D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.5.1 Iqvì© wfkbÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.5.1 Iqvì© wfkbÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM
wek¦e¨vcx †hmKj cÖwZôvb ewÂZ Aiw¶Z I myweavewÂZ wkï‡`i Kj¨v‡Y wbijmfv‡e KvR Ki‡Q Iqvì©
wfkb Zvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| 1970 mvj †_‡K Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`‡ki bvix I wkï‡`i mvwe©K Kj¨v‡Y KvR K‡i
hv‡”Q| Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`kÕi †KŠkjMZ D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_ mgvRK‡g©i D‡Ï‡k¨i wgj i‡q‡Q| ms¯’vi wewfbœ
Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM j¶Yxq|
Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`‡k bvix I wkï cvPvi cÖwZ‡iva, cvPvi nIqv wkï cybiæ×vi, cvPviK…Z wkï‡K cybiæ×vi K‡i
h_vh_ cybe©v‡bi e¨e¯’v K‡i| Iqvì© wfkb wkï cvPvi‡iv‡a cÖwk¶Y `vb, MYm‡PZbv m„wó ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q KwgwU MVb
Ges evj¨weevn cÖwZ‡iva `j M‡o †Zv‡j| †hme wkï I bvix B‡Zvg‡a¨B cvPv‡ii wkKvi n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i D×vi K‡i
cybe©v‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv nq| G‡¶‡Î cvPv‡ii wkKvi wkï‡`i g~j‡mªvZavivq wdwi‡q Avbvi Rb¨ KvDwÝwjs cÖ`vb
DÏxcbvg~jK Kvh©µg MÖnY Ges wkï‡`i Rb¨ wPwKrmvi e¨e¯’v K‡i _v‡K hv mgvRK‡g©i bxwZgvjvi ev¯—weK
cÖ‡qvM| GKB mv‡_ cvPvi I evj¨weevn wb‡iv‡a `jwfwËK Kvh©µ‡g `j mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM j¶¨ Kiv hvq|
mgwó Dbœqb c×wZi Ab¨Zg j¶¨ n‡jv mgwói AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g gvby‡li Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi Rb¨ wewfbœ Kg©m~wP
cÖYq‡b mgwó‡K DrmvwnZ Kiv| Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k wkï‡`i h_v_© DrmvwnZ K‡i| Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k
wkï‡`i h_v_ weKvk I e„w× wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq †_‡K S‡i cov wkï‡`i wk¶vi e¨e¯’v K‡i Ges
KwgDwbwUwfwËK wkï wbivcËv e¨e¯’vq mnvqZv K‡i I KwgDwbwU‡Z m‡PZbZv ˆZwi K‡i| myZivs ejv hvq Iqvì©
wfkb evsjv‡`kÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgwó Dbœqb c×wZi cÖ‡qvM i‡q‡Q| Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`kÕi wk¶v, `vwi`ª we‡gvPb,
my¯’ Dbœqb, ms‡kvab I mvgvwRK wbivcËvi †¶‡Î e¨w³ mgvRK‡g©i cÖ‡qvM ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| e¨w³i g~j¨ I gh©v`vi
¯^xK…wZ, AvZ¥wbqš¿Y AwaKvi I AvZ¥wbf©ikxjZvi gva¨‡g †`k‡K DbœwZi w`‡K AMÖmi Kivi †¶‡Î mgvRK‡g©i
Ab¨vb¨ c×wZi b¨vq e¨w³ mgvRK‡g©i cÖ‡qvM Ab¯^xKvh©| Iqvì© wfkbÕi DcwiD³ Kvh©µ‡g e¨w³ mgvRK‡g©i
cÖ‡qvM j¶¨ Kiv hvq| mgwói RbM‡Yi AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g Lv`¨ wbivcËv wbwðZ Kiv, `y‡hv©‡M bvix I wkï‡K
wbivc‡` ivLv, wkï‡`i wk¶v we¯Ív‡i mnvqZv, wkï‡`i Dbœqb Ges bvix‡`i Kj¨v‡Y Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k mgwó
Dbœqb c×wZi cÖ‡qvM K‡i _v‡K|
mvims‡ÿc
e¨w³i Dbœq‡bi cvkvcvwk `jxq AvšÍm¤úK© I AwfÁZvi wfwˇZ MVbg~jK Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM
AZ¨šÍ Zvrch©c~Y©| Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k wkï‡`i Dbœq‡b wkï myi¶vg~jK, Lv`¨ wbivcËv wbwðZ cÖKí, cvPvi
†iv‡a cÖwZKvi I cÖwZ‡ivag~jK cÖKí MÖnY K‡i _v‡K| Gme Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM j¶Yxq|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-8.5
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b :
1| Iqvì© wfkb †Kvb wkï‡`i Rb¨ KvDwÝwjs I DÏxcbvg~jK Kvh©µg MÖnY K‡i †K?
K) cÖv_wgK wk¶vi fwZ©K…Z wkï L) S‡i cov wkï
M) cvPv‡ii wkKvi wkï N) AbvbyôvwbK wk¶vq f~Z©xK…Z wkï
2| Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`‡ki †KŠkjMZ D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q?
K) mgvRK‡g©i D‡Ï‡k¨i L) e¨w³ ¯^vZš¿ev‡`i
M) mgwó Dbœq‡bi N) mgwó msMV‡bi

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cvV-8.6 evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBUÕi D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg (Objectives and

Programmes of Bangladesh Red Crecent Society)
D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.6.1 evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBUÕi D‡Ïk¨mg~n wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.6.2 evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBUÕi Kvh©µgmg~n eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

8.6.1 †iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBUÕi D‡Ïk¨

†iWwµ‡m›U n‡jv AvšÍR©vwZK †iWµm Aby‡gvw`Z gymwjg we‡k¦ ÎvY I gvbweK mvnvh¨ cwiPvjYvKvix
GKwU †emiKvwi cÖwZôvb| wek¦gvbeZvi †mevq wb‡qvwRZ †iWµ‡mi BwZnv‡mi g‡a¨ †iWwµ‡m‡›Ui Drm wbwnZ|
miKv‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’v I †¯^”Qv‡mex gvbweK cÖwZôvb wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBwU `y¯’, cxwoZ,
Amnvq I wec`vcbœ Rb‡Mvôxi Ae¯’vi Dbœq‡b wbijm cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q| g~jZ gymwjg we‡k¦ ÎvY cybe©vmb I
gvbweK mvnvh¨ cwiPvjbvq wb‡qvwRZ †iW wµ‡m›U AvšÍRv©wZK †iWµ‡mi BwZnv‡mi mv‡_ A½vAw½fv‡e RwoZ|
1859 mv‡ji 24‡g Ryb myBm ZiæY Rxb n¨vbix Wzb¨v›U (Jean Henri Dunant) BZvjxi mjd¨vwi‡bv bvgK MÖv‡g
d«vÝ I Awóªqvi g‡a¨ msNwUZ hy‡× AvnZ ˆmwbK‡`i AvZ©bv` †`‡L
Av‡eMcÖeY n‡q c‡ob| †mvjdvwi‡bv hy‡×i fqvenZv wb‡q wZwb
1862 mv‡j ÔA¨v †g‡gvwi Ad †mvjdvwi‡bvÕ (A Memory of
Solferino) bvgK eB‡q hy‡×i fqvenZv Ges AvnZ ˆmwbK‡`i `y`©kv
Zz‡j a‡ib|GKB mv‡_ hy×vnZ gvbeZvi †mevq GKwU ms¯’v MV‡bi
AvnŸvb Rvbvb| Zuvi AvnŸv‡bi cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z 1963 mv‡ji 26 A‡±vei
16wU †`‡ki cÖwZwbwa‡`i wb‡q myBRvij¨v‡Ûi †R‡bfvq GK
wPÎ 8.6.1 : †iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBwU
AvšÍR©vwZK m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq| D³ †R‡bfv m‡¤§j‡b wek¦e¨vcx
AvZ©gvbeZvi †mevq wb‡qvwRZ AvšÍR©vwZK †iWµm MwVZ nq| GB gZev` †iW µm I †iW wµ‡m›U Kg©x I
m`m¨‡`i mnvqZvq gvbexq Kv‡Ri †¶Î I cwiwa wbw`©ó K‡i †`q| cvkvcvwk GB Kvh©µ‡gi Av`k© I gvbexq
g~j¨‡eva cÖPv‡ii AvšÍRv©wZK ¯^xK…wZ G‡b †`q GB gZev`| g~jbxwZ ¸‡jv n‡jvÑ gvbeZv, mg`wk©Zv, wbi‡c¶Zv,
¯^vaxbZv, †¯^”Qv‡mev, GKZv Ges me©RbxbZv| evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBwUi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc:
K) g~jbxwZgvjv Abyhvqx gvbeZvi kw³‡Z †h †Kv‡bv Amy¯’Zv ev `y‡h©vM AvµvšÍ gvby‡li `ytmg‡q cv‡k _vKv Ges
Zv‡`i Dbœq‡b mvwe©K ZË¡veavb Kiv;
L) g~jbxwZgvjvi Av‡jv‡K †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBwU‡K GKwU kw³kvjx I Kg©`¶ RvZxq cÖK‡í DbœxZ Kiv;
M) mKj RvwZi g‡a¨ kvwšÍ ¯’vcb I Zv eRvq ivLv; Ges
N) `yt¯’ gvby‡li cv‡k mvnv‡h¨i nvZ evwo‡q †`qv|
8.6.2 evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBUÕi Kvh©µg
wewUªk fviZxq †iWµm †mvmvBwU G¨v±, 1920 Gi Aax‡b G A‡j †iWµm †mvmvBwU MwVZ nq| 1947 mv‡ji
14 AvM÷ cvwK¯Ívb ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci cvwK¯Ívb †iWµm †mvmvBwU MwVZ nq| 16 wW‡m¤^i 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`k
¯^vaxb nevi ci cvwK¯Ívb †iWµm †mvmvBwUi Av‡e`‡bi †cÖw¶‡Z 20 wW‡m¤^i 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`k ms¯’vwU‡K
Kv‡Ri AbygwZ †`q Ges 4 Rvbyqvwi 1972 mv‡j evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBwU MwVZ nq| evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U
†mvmvBwU ÎvY I cybe©vmb, `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv, ¯^v¯’¨ I cÖwk¶Ymn eûwea Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g `y‡h©vMcÖeY evsjv‡`‡ki
`yt¯’ I Amnvq gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y ewjô f~wgKv †i‡L Avm‡Q| wb‡¤œ evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBUÕi Kvh©µg Zz‡j
aiv n‡jv:

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq mgvRKg© wØZxq cÎ

1| `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv Kg©m~wP

evsjv‡`k †iWwm‡µ›U †mvmvBwU `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq 7 wU cÖKí cwiPvjbv K‡i| h_vÑ
K. Rjevqy cwieZ©b I Awf‡hvRb cÖKí: cwieZ©bkxj AvenvIqvi GjvKvi gvby‡li Ávb I `¶Zv e„w×,
GjvKvwfwËK `ªæZ mZ©K e¨e¯’v‡K kw³kvjx Kiv, AvenvIqvRwbZ `y‡h©v‡Mi djvdj Ges wech©‡qi KiYxq wel‡q
m‡PZbZv ˆZwii j‡¶¨ G cÖKíwU PviwU †Rjvq 8 wU m¤¢ve¨ `y‡h©vMcÖeY A‡j KvR Ki‡Q| cÖKíwUi Aax‡b
BwZg‡a¨B 55,180 Rb gvbyl DcKvi †fvM Ki‡Q|
L. mgvRwfwËK `y‡h©vM SzwuK n«vm: eb¨v, NywY©So I Rjve×Zvq AvµvšÍ PviwU †Rjv Rvgvjcyi, †fvjv, mvZ¶xiv I
h‡kv‡ii 10 wU `y‡h©vMcÖeY GjvKvi gvbyl‡`i `y‡h©vM wech©q n«vm Kivi Rb¨ G cÖKí KvR Ki‡Q| G cÖK‡íi
Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv `y‡h©vMcÖeY GjvKvi gvbyl, ¯’vbxq cÖkvmb †Rjv cÖkvmb, wmwfj mvR©b, †Rjvi grm wefvM,
hye Dbœqb wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ Askx`vwiZ¡ ˆZwi Kiv Ges ¯’vbxqwfwËK wewfbœ msMVb MVb Kiv| †hgbÑ wmwWGgwm
(cÖwZwU KwgDwbwU‡Z 16Rb m`m¨Ñ 94Rb cyiæl I 66Rb bvix) Ges wmwWAviwU (cÖwZwU KwgDwbU‡Z 25Rb
m`m¨- 117Rb cyiæl I 103Rb bvix) Gi g‡a¨ GjvKvwfwËK ms¯’vcb Kiv nq hv GjvKvevmx‡`i gv‡S cÖKíwU‡K
Avcb K‡i †bq Ges wewfbœ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wm×v‡šÍ AskªMnÖ ‡Y AbycÖvwYZ K‡i|
M. mgvRwfwËK Dbœqb cÖKí: mgwówfwËK Dbœqb cÖKíwU `y‡h©vM †gvKvwejv, `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKiY, ¯^v¯’¨ I cwi¯‹vi
cwi”QbœZvi Dbœqb Ges wewea Av_©-mvgvwRK †¶‡Î Dbœq‡bi gva¨‡g wewfbœ wbev©wPZ GjvKvq w¯’wZkxjZv i¶vi
Rb¨ cÖwZôv Kiv n‡q‡Q| 2017 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 16wU `yt¯’ A‡ji 40,000 Gi †ewk gvby‡li `y‡h©vM †gvKvwejvi
kw³ e„w×i gva¨‡g Zv‡`i Rxebhvcb e¨e¯’vi Dbœq‡b KvR Ki‡Q| G cÖK‡íi AvIZvq kZ©wenxb Aby`v‡bi gva¨‡g
Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœqb, cÖwk¶Y, m‡PZbZv m„wó Ges A‡_©i wewbg‡q cÖvßeq¯‹ I wK‡kvi‡`i wk¶vi e¨e¯’v Kiv nq|
N. SzuwK nvªm: G cÖK‡íi AvIZvq 50wU cÖKí ¯‹z‡ji gv‡S 20wU cÖavb Ges 30wU mvaviY ¯‹zj cÖwZôv Kiv n‡q
_v‡K| cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~wP Ges †cÖvMÖv‡gi gva¨‡g †gvU 20,000 QvÎQvÎx, wk¶K I GjvKvevmx cÖZ¨¶fv‡e Ges
Av‡iv 60,000Rb QvÎQvÎx, wk¶K I GjvKvevmx c‡iv¶fv‡e DcK…Z n‡q‡Q|
O. wec`vcbœZv †_‡K m¶gZv cÖKí: me‡P‡q bvRyK RbM‡Yi mvgvwRK Pvwn`v I wbivcËvi `vwq‡Z¡ cÖwZwbwqZ
fvjbv‡iwewjwU Uz †iwRwj‡qÝ cÖKí ÔwfUzAviÕ| g~jZ cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©v‡M SzuwKi m¤§yLxb bvix, wkï e„×, c½yiv GB
we‡kl‡mev jvf K‡i|
P. `y‡h©vM mvov `j: mgqg‡Zv †mevi Rb¨ hvZvqvZ c_ cwi®‹vi ivLv, Rxeb, m¤úwË BZ¨vw` i¶vi Rb¨ Av‡MB
N„wY©S‡oi c~ev©fvm cÖ`vb, gvbyl‡`i wbivc` Avkªq mwi‡q †bIqv BZ¨vw` KvR Kiv nq G cÖK‡í|
2| ¯^v¯’¨ Kvh©µg
evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBwU MÖvgxY RbM‡Yi cwiPvjbv‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡q MÖvg I kniwfwËK ¯^v¯’¨ Kvh©µg
cwiPvjbv K‡i Avm‡Q| cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM cieZ©x Riæwi wPwKrmv cÖ`vb ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©m~wPi GKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Ask| gv I
wkï¯^v¯’¨ myiÿv I msµvgK e¨vwai wbivg‡q ¸iæZ¡ †`qv nq| XvKv kn‡ii Aew¯’Z 515 kh¨vwewkó nwj d¨vwgwj
†iWwµ‡m›U †gwW‡Kj K‡jR nvmcvZvjmn †`‡ki 5 wU nvmcvZvj, 5wU gvZ…m`b, 60 wU MÖvgxY gvZ…m`b †K›`ª, 2
wU P¶z wK¬wbK, 3wU ewntwefvM, 1wU †gwW‡Kj K‡jR I 1wU bvwm©s K‡jRi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBwU
Rb¯^v¯’¨ †mev w`‡q hv‡”Q|

3| cvwievwiK †hvMv‡hvM cybt¯’vcb

hy×, msNvZ, Af¨šÍixY †Kv›`j, cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vM Ges †`kfv‡Mi djvdj wn‡m‡e gvbyl NiQvov nq, ¯^Rb‡`i †_‡K
wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq Ges KL‡bv nq‡Zv †`k QvovI n‡Z nq| evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBUÕi †Uªwms mvwf©‡mi g~j
D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv cwiev‡ii gvbyl‡`i GKwÎZ K‡i `ywðšÍv Kgv‡bv Ges cwievi †_‡K wb‡LuvR m`m¨‡`i Lyu‡R †ei Kiv|
nvwi‡q hvIqv cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i GKwÎZ Kivi †ÿ‡ÎI KvR K‡i _v‡K|

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4| hye I †¯^”Qv‡meK Kg©m~wP

`xN©w`b a‡i wek¦Ry‡o ZiæY I †¯^”Qv‡mex‡`i †mev †`Iqvi Drmvn AvMÖn‡K g~j¨vqb K‡i‡Q †iW wµ‡m›U|
evsjv‡`‡k 1976 mv‡j †R Aviwm (Rywbqi †iW µm) Zv‡`i Kvh©µg ïiæ K‡i Ges 1980 mv‡j †iW wµ‡m›U Biæa
MwVZ nq| eZ©gv‡b GwU 68wU BDwb‡U cÖvq 1 jvL 60 nvRvi `¶ I cÖwk¶YcÖvß BDwbU I †¯^”Qv‡meK i‡q‡Q|
5| cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~wP
1997 mv‡ji m~Pbvi ci †_‡KB cÖwk¶Y wefvM Kg©x I †¯^”Qv‡mex‡`i `¶Zv evov‡bvi gva¨‡g wewWAviwm Gi
¶gZv e„w× K‡i wewfbœ cÖwk¶Y †Kv‡m©i Av‡qvRb K‡i Avm‡Q| cÖwk¶‡Yi g~j †m¸‡jv n‡”Q AvšÍRv©wZK
gvbevwaKvi AvBb, KwgDwbwUwfwËK dv÷ GBW, Riæix D×viKvR, `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv Ges `y‡h©vM m¤¢vebv n«vm
BZ¨vw`|

mvims‡ÿc
†iWwµ‡m›U evsjv‡`k mw¤§wjZ I msMwVZ mkª¯¿ AZ¨vPv‡i wbcxwoZ gvbyl‡`i wbivcËv I mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb
K‡i| wewfbœ cÖkvmb wk¶v‡K›`ª, AvBbi¶vKvix ms¯’v, mk¯¿ evwnbxi bv‡g AvšÍR©vwZK gvbweKZv AvBb m¤ú‡K©
Rvbv‡bvi I Zv cÖYq‡b mn‡hvwMZv K‡i| gvbeZv, mg`wk©Zv, wbi‡cÿZv, ¯^vaxbZv, †¯^”Qv‡mev, GKZv I
me©RbxbZv g~jbxwZ‡K mvg‡b †i‡L `y‡hv©M e¨e¯’vcbv, ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©m~wP, cvwievwiK †hvMv‡hvM cybt¯’vcb, cÖwk¶Y
BZ¨vw` Kg©m~wP cwiPvjbv K‡i|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-8.6
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b:
1| wb‡Pi †KvbwU †iWwµ‡m›U Gi g~jbxwZ bq?
K) GKZv L) me©RbxbZv
M) †¯^”Qv‡mev N) Revew`wnZv
2| wb‡Pi †KvbwU †iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBwUi D‡Ïk¨ bq?
K) Amy¯’Zv I `y‡h©vM Avµv‡šÍi cv‡k `vouv‡bv
L) †mvmvBwU‡K Kg©`¶ RvZxq cÖK‡í DbœxZ Kiv
M) `yt¯’‡`i g‡a¨ ¶z`ªFY weZiY K‡i ¶gZvqb Kiv
N) mKj RvwZi g‡a¨ kvwšÍ ¯’vcb Kiv

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cvV-8.7 evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBwUi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM

(Application of Social Work Methods in the Programmes of
Bangladesh Red Crecent Society)
D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.7.1 †iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBUÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.7.1 †iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBwUÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM
gvbeZv, wbi‡c¶Zv, ¯^vaxbZv, †¯^”Qv‡mev, GKZv I me©RbxbZv g~jbxwZ‡K Avkªq K‡i †iW wµ‡m›U
†mvmvBwU `yt¯’, cxwoZ, Amnvq, ¶wZMÖ¯Í I wec`vcbœ RbM‡Yi Ae¯’vi Dbœq‡b wbijmfv‡e KvR K‡i hv‡”Q|
cÖwZKvi I cÖwZ‡ivag~jK Kvh©µ‡gi cvkvcvwk `y‡h©vMMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi Dbœq‡b wewfbœ Kg©m~wP cwiPvjbv K‡i Avm‡Q
evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBwU| G ms¯’vi wewfbœ Kg©Kv‡Ð mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM j¶Yxq|
evsjv‡`k †iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBwU `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq wewfbœ Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i| †hgbÑ
Rjevqy cwieZ©b I Awf‡hvRb cÖKí, mgvRwfwËK `y‡h©vM SzuwKn«vm, mvgRwfwËK Dbœqb cÖKí, wec`vcbœZv †_‡K
m¶gZv cÖKí Ab¨Zg| GmKj cÖK‡í AvenvIqv cwieZ©bkxj GjvKvi gvby‡li `y‡h©vM m¤ú‡K© Ávb I `¶Zv e„w×,
GjvKvwfwËK `ªæZ mZ©K e¨e¯’v kw³kvjxKiY, mgvRwfwËK `y‡h©vM n«vm †KŠk‡ji Ask wn‡m‡e GjvKvevmxi wm×všÍ
MÖnY cÖwµqvq AskªMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ mgvRwfwËK Dbœq‡bi Ask wn‡m‡e kZ©nxbfv‡e cÖwk¶Y `vb Kiv nq| Gme
cÖK‡íi g~j D‡Ïk¨ `y‡h©vM KewjZ Amnvq gvby‡li Dbœqb mvab, Zvi m¶gZv e„w× I cybiæ×vi| Gme Kg©m~wP‡Z
`j mgvRKg© I mgwó Dbœqb c×wZi we‡kl cÖ‡qvM Ab¯^xKvh©| e¨w³i g~j¨ I gh©v`vi ¯^xK…wZi wfwˇZ mgvRKg©
weÁvbwfwËK Ávb I `¶Zvi gva¨‡g e¨w³, `j I mgwó‡K Ggbfv‡e mnvqZv K‡i hv‡Z e¨w³, `j I mgwó wb‡RB
wb‡Ri mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡Z cv‡i| gv I wkïi my¯^v¯’¨ wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖvK…wZK `y‡h©vMKewjZ MÖvg I kni
A‡j ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©m~wP Pvjy Av‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î mgvRKg© c×wZ cÖ‡qvM jÿYxq|
Ab¨w`‡K `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbv, Lv`¨ mieivn ¯^v¯’¨ I cybe©vm‡bi †¶‡Î `j mgvRKg© Ges mgwó Dbœqb I msMV‡bi
cvkvcvwk mvgvwRK Kvh©µg we‡kl Riæwi| mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡Póv, AskªMÖnY I ¯^vej¤^b bxwZi Dci wfwË K‡i RbMY‡K
msMwVZ K‡i Av‡›`vj‡bi gva¨‡g mgvR †_‡K ¶wZKi cÖ_v I mvgvwRK mgm¨v †gvKvwejv Kiv m¤¢e| †QvU †QvU
`jxq AwfÁZv I mgwói AskMÖnY cv‡i GKwU †`k I RvwZ‡K Zvi Kvw•LZ j‡¶¨ †cuŠ‡Q w`‡Z|
DcwiD³ Av‡jvPbvq †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U †mvmvBwUi Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b mgvRK‡g©i ¸iæZ¡
Ab¯^xKvh©|
mvims‡ÿc
†iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBwU AZ¨šÍ Kvh©Kifv‡e wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g mgvRDbœqb Kg©KvÐ cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q|
†mvmvBwU wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM we‡klfv‡e jÿ¨Yxq| Amnvq, `yt¯’, Ae‡nwjZ I
`y‡h©vMKewjZ e¨w³i ¶gZvi cybiæ×vi K‡i AvZ¥wbf©ikxj I e¨w³i Av_© mvgvwRK Ae¯’vi Dbœq‡b mgvRKg©
c×wZi cÖ‡qvM †iW wµ‡m›U †mvmvBwUi Kvh©µg‡K Av‡iv djcÖm~ K‡i Zz‡j‡Q|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-8.7
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b :
1| g‡bv-mvgvwRK Abya¨vb mgvRK‡g©i †Kvb c×wZ‡Z e¨envi Kiv nq?
K) `j mgvRK‡g© L) mgwó Dbœq‡b
M) mgwó msMV‡b N) e¨w³ mgvRK‡g©
2| †`k I RvwZ‡K Kvw•LZ j‡¶¨ †cuŠQv‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡iÑ
K) bxwZgvjv I cwiKíbv L) `jxq AwfÁZv I Rbmgwói AskMÖnY
M) Kg©m~wP I Kvh©µg N) cybe©vmb I cybM©Vb

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cvV-8.8 BDwb‡mdÕi D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg (Objectives and Programmes of UNICEF)

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.8.1 BDwb‡mdÕi D‡Ïk¨mg~n ej‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.8.2 BDwb‡mdÕi Kvh©µg eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

8.8.1 BDwb‡mdÕi D‡Ïk¨

AvR‡Ki wkïivB AvMvgx w`‡bi wek¦ KY©avi| GB wkï‡`i Dc‡hvMx K‡i wek¦‡K M‡o †Zvjvi †¶‡Î
miKvi, mgwó I cwievi‡K mvnv‡h¨ Kivi j‡¶B 1946 mv‡ji 11 wW‡m¤^i United Nation International
Childrens Energency Fund (UNICEF) cÖwZwôZ nq| RvwZms‡Ni †h me we‡klvwqZ ms¯’v AvšÍR©vwZK
cwigÛ‡j wkïKj¨v‡Y ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i hv‡”Q, †mme ms¯’vi g‡a¨ RvwZmsN wkï Znwej (United
Nations International Children's Emergency Fund-UNICEF) Ab¨Zg| Kvh©©Z wØZxq wek¦hy× cieZx© mg‡q
BD‡ivc Ges Gwkqvi wewfbœ hy×vµvšÍ †`‡ki wkï‡`i Riæwi wfwˇZ Lv`¨, e¯¿ Ges Jla mieiv‡ni Rb¨
UNICEF cÖwZwôZ nq| cieZ©x mg‡q 1952 mv‡ji w`‡K we‡k¦i AbybœZ, ¯^‡ívbœZ I Dbœqbkxj †`k¸‡jvi
wkï‡`i ¯^v¯’¨, wk¶v, cywómn mvwe©K Kj¨v‡Y `xN©‡gqvw` mnvqZv `v‡bi
j‡¶¨ emergency K_vwU ev` w`‡q UN Children's Fund (RvwZmsN
wkï Znwej) ivLv nq| g~j bv‡g cwieZ©b Avbv n‡jI msw¶ß bvgwU
AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K| eZ©gv‡b 190wUiI †ewk †`‡k BDwb‡md KvR Ki‡Q|
hyׇËvi c„w_ex‡Z wkï‡`i‡K Riæwi mvnvh¨-mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`v‡bi D‡Ïk¨
cÖwZwôZ n‡jI Gi Kvh©µg A‡bK we¯Í„wZ jvf K‡i‡Q| d‡j cieZ©x‡Z
Gi j¶¨ I D‡Ï‡k¨I wKQz cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q| BDwb‡mdÕi D‡Ïk¨¸‡jv
wbgœiƒc: wPÎ 8.8.1 : BDwb‡md
K) BDwb‡mdÕi Ab¨Zg †gŠwjK D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wkï AwaKvi i¶v,
G¨vW‡fv‡Kwm Kiv, wkï‡`i †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Y mvnv‡h¨ Kiv Ges wkïiv hv‡Z Zv‡`i m¶gZvi c~Y© weKvk
Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ my‡hvM wbwðZ Kiv;
L) wkï AwaKvi Kb‡fbkb Øviv D×z× n‡q wkï AwaKvi i¶vq wkï‡`i cÖwZ AvPi‡Yi AvšÍvRv©wZK gvb`Ð ˆZwi
Kiv;
M) BDwb‡md †Rvi w`‡q wek¦vm K‡i †h, wkï‡`i myi¶v I DbœqbB gvby‡li DbœwZi me©Rbxb Awe‡”Q`¨ e¨e¯’v;
N) AbybœZ I Dbœqbkxj †`k¸‡jv‡Z wkï‡`i Rb¨ cÖ_g Kj wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ ivR‰bwZK Ges e¯‘MZ m¤ú`
†gvevjvBR Kiv Ges wkï I Zvi cwievi‡K h_vh_ †mev †`Iqvi Rb¨ m¶gZv ˆZwi I Dbœq‡b mvnv‡h¨ Kiv;
O) mKj hy×, `y‡h©vM, Pig `vwi‡`ª¨i wkKvi, mwnsmZv I †kvl‡Yi wkKvi Ges cÖwZeÜx wkï‡`i we‡kl myi¶v e¨e¯’v
wbwðZ Kiv;
P) wkï I bvix‡`i Zv‡`i wbR wbR m¤cÖv`v‡qi ivR‰bwZK mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b Askx`vwiZ¡ wbwðZ Kiv;
Q. wkï‡`i †ivM I g„Zz¨ cÖwZ‡iva Kiv; Ges
P) mKj cÖKvi ˆelg¨ hv wkïi Dbœq‡b evav n‡q `uvovq Zv `~ixf~Z Kiv|
8.8.2 BDwb‡mdÕi Kvh©µg
1971 mv‡j ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`k MwVZ nIqvi ci †_‡KB BDwb‡md evsjv‡`‡ki Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi wewfbœ †¶‡Î
Ae`vb †i‡L P‡j‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k BDwb‡mdÕi Kvh©µg we‡k¦i g‡a¨ Z…Zxq e„nËg Ae¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`k
BDwb‡mdÕi Kvh©µ‡gi cÖavb †¶Î¸‡jv n‡jv wkï wk¶v, †g‡q wkï I bvixi ¶gZvqb, ¸YMZ cÖv_wgK wk¶v

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evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq mgvRKg© wØZxq cÎ

wbwðZKiY, ¯^v¯’¨ Ges cywó, cvwb Ges cqtwb¯‹vkb e¨e¯’v BZ¨vw`| wb‡P Kvh©µg¸‡jv ms‡¶‡c Av‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡jv-
1| wk¶vg~jK Kvh©µg: wk¶vg~jK Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq i‡q‡QÑ
K) cÖvK-wk¶Y: Pvi †_‡K Qq eQi eqwm myweavewÂZ I `y‡h©vMKewjZ wkï‡`i Rb¨ cÖvK-wk¶Y †K‡›`ªi gva¨‡g
BDwb‡md cÖvK wk¶‡Yi e¨e¯’v K‡i _v‡K| 2006 mvj †_‡K evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii bvix I wkï welqK gš¿Yvj‡qi
mn‡hvwMZvq cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg, bMiew¯— Ges Ab¨vb¨ Ae‡nwjZ GjvKvq G Kg©m~wP Pvjy Av‡Q| GLb ch©šÍ cÖvq 1.1
wgwjqb wkï‡K G Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq wk¶v`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gme †K‡›`ª g~jZ wk¶v_©x‡`i fvlvMZ, mvgvwRK Ges
eyw×e„wËK Dbœq‡bi Dci ¸iæZ¡ †`qv nq|
L) cÖv_wgK wk¶v: cÖv_wgK wk¶vi ¸YMZ gvb e„w× Kvh©Ki Kivi j‡¶¨ BDwb‡md cÖv_wgK wk¶v Dbœqb Kg©m~wP
(DPED-II) MÖnY K‡i‡Q| G j‡¶¨ wk¶K cÖwk¶Y, mgwówfwËK cÖ‡Yv`bv, ¯’vbxq †jvKRb I we`¨vjq e¨e¯’vcbv
KwgwUi ¶gZvqbmn wewfbœ Bm~¨ wb‡q BDwb‡md KvR Ki‡Q|
M) ¯‹z‡ji evB‡i wkï‡`i Rb¨ wk¶v: evsjv‡`‡k `vwi‡`ª¨i Kvi‡Y A‡bK evev-gv Zv‡`i mšÍvb‡`i ¯‹z‡j cvVv‡Z Pvb
bv| A‡bK wcZvgvZv mšÍvb‡`i Aí eq‡m wewfbœ cÖKvi SzwuKc~Y© Kv‡R wb‡qwRZ K‡ib| GRb¨ BDwb‡md Gme
Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ kªgRxex wkï‡`i wkÿvi e¨e¯’v K‡i| we‡kl K‡i †hme GjvKvq cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡qi ¯^íZv Av‡Q
†mme GjvKvq G †cÖvMÖv‡gi Kvh©KvwiZv †ewk|
N) wK‡kvi‡`i Rxeb `¶Zvg~jK wk¶v: evsjv‡`‡k wK‡kviiv wewfbœfv‡e ewÂZ I mvgvwRK P¨v‡j‡Äi m¤§yLxb| Gi
g~j KviY `vwi`ª¨ gv`Kvm³, †m·yqvwj UªvÝwg‡UW wWwR‡mm, kvwiixK I †hŠb wbh©vZb, cvPvi, Ae¨envi Ges
ˆelg¨| Gme wK‡kvi‡`i Rxeb `¶Zvg~jK wkÿvi I cÖwk¶‡Yi gva¨‡g ¶gZvwqZ Kivi Rb¨ BDwb‡md G cÖKí
MÖnY K‡i‡Q| wekwU †Rjvi 2.5 wgwjqb wK‡kvi‡K †mev `v‡bi j‡¶¨ G cÖKí Pj‡Q|
2| ¯^v¯’¨ I cywó Kvh©µg
evsjv‡`‡ki bvix I wkï‡`i ¯^v‡¯’¨i Dbœqb, wkï g„Zz¨nvi nªvm I gvZ… ¯^v‡¯’¨i Dbœq‡b wb‡gœv³ Kvh©µmg~n
cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q Zv n‡jvÑ
K) gvZ…Z¡Kvjxb I beRvZK ¯^v¯’¨‡mev: gvZ…Z¡Kvjxb ¯^v¯’¨‡mev wbwðZ Kiv I beRvZ‡Ki ¯^v¯’¨ myi¶vq BDwb‡md
nvmvZvj¸‡jvi †mev e„w×, bZzb miÄvg mieivn Kgx© cÖwk¶Y m‡PZbg~jK Kg©m~wP MÖnY K‡i‡Q| ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©x‡`i
cÖwk¶Y nvmcvZvj¸‡jvi mv‡_ ¯’vbxq ¯^v¯’¨‡meK‡`i †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb Ges gv‡q‡`i ¶gZvq‡b BDwb‡md KvR
K‡i|
L) wkï myi¶v: wkï‡`i mKj cÖKvi Amy¯’Zv I `yN©Ubv †_‡K myi¶vi Rb¨ BDwb‡md m`vZrci| GRb¨ BDwb‡md
mviv evsjv‡`‡k wkï‡`i wewfbœ †iv‡Mi cÖwZ‡ivag~jK wUKv`vb Kg©m~wP‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| 2004 mv‡j †hLv‡b 77
kZvsk wkï †gŠwjK wUKv eve¯’vi AvIZvq wQ‡jv| GLb Zv †e‡o 92 kZvsk n‡q‡Q| wbD‡gvwbqv, g¨v‡jwiqv,
†cvwjI BZ¨vw` †iv‡Mi wUKv`vb Kg©m~wP‡Z miKv‡ii mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Q BDwb‡md|
M. wkï cywó: wkï‡`i‡K Acywói nvZ †_‡K evPuv‡bvi Rb¨ mviv evsjv‡`‡k Vitamin A LvIqv‡bvi †¶‡Î KvR K‡i
hv‡”Q| G¨v‡bvwgqv cÖwZ‡iva Ges wkï‡`i †eª÷wdwWs Gi e¨vcv‡i gv‡q‡`i m‡PZb K‡i BDwb‡md| GQvovI
HIV/AIDS cÖwZ‡iva I G m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb K‡i BDwb‡md|
3| cvwb, m¨vwb‡Ukb Ges nvBwRb Kg©m~wP: wkï¯^v¯’¨mn mvwe©K Rb¯^v¯’¨ iÿvi Rb¨ weï× cvwb mieivn Ges
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cqtwb®‹vkb Acwinvh©| BDwb‡md G‡¶‡ÎI ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb †i‡L Pj‡Q| evsjv‡`k miKvi, ¯’vbxq
KwgDwbwU I Ab¨vb¨ Askx`v‡ii mv‡_ †bUIqvwK©s Gi gva¨‡g BDwm‡d G‡¶‡ÎI wewfbœgywL Kvh©µg Ae¨vnZ
†i‡L‡Q| GQvovI wewfbœ ms¯’vi mv‡_ Askx`vwi‡Z¡i wfwˇZ cÖKí wfwËK Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q|
4| bMi GjvKvq †gŠwjK †mev: bM‡ii ew¯— AÂj n‡jv bMi `vwi‡`ª¨i emwZ| †hLv‡b †gŠwjK †mevi Abycw¯’wZ
Av‡Q| ew¯Íevmx‡`i †gŠwjK †mev wbwð‡Zi j‡¶¨ BDwb‡md mn‡hvMx Ab¨vb¨ ms¯’v‡K Aby`vb w`‡q _v‡K|
5| KwgDwbwU G¨v‡fv‡Kwm I Askx`vwiZ¡: RbM‡Yi m‡PZbZv e„w× Ges bvix I wkï AwaKvi i¶vq RbM‡Yi
Askx`vwiZ¡ wbwðZKi‡Y KvR K‡i hv‡”Q BDwb‡md| G‡¶‡Î Zviv wkï AwaKvi wb‡q msev` I bvUK cÖPvi ¯’vbxq
ch©v‡q m‡PZbZvg~jK Kg©m~wPi Av‡qvRb K‡i _v‡K|

BDwbU AvU c„ôv 242

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg

mvims‡ÿc
RvwZms‡Ni we‡klvwqZ ms¯’v wn‡m‡e BDwb‡md wkï AwaKvi i¶v, wkï‡`i †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb c~iY, wkï‡`i cÖwZ
AvPi‡Yi AvšÍvRv©wZK gvb`Ð ˆZwi Kiv, mwnsmZv I †kvl‡Yi wkKvi Ges cÖwZeÜx wkï‡`i we‡kl myi¶v e¨e¯’v
wbwðZ Kivi †ÿ‡Î AvšÍR©vwZK cwigЇj AZ¨šÍ Kvh©Kifv‡e KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| wkï‡`i myi¶v I DbœqbB
gvby‡li DbœwZi me©Rbxb Awe‡”Q`¨ e¨e¯’v we‡ePbv K‡i wkï‡`i Rb¨ wkÿv, cywó, ¯^v¯’¨ Ges KwgDwbwUwfwËK
G¨vW‡fv‡Kwm mn wewfbœ Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i BDwb‡md|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-8.8
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b:
1| BDwb‡mdÕi cÖvK-wk¶Y Kvh©µ‡gi g~j j¶¨`j Kviv?
(K) 3-4 eQ‡ii wkï (L) 5-7 eQ‡ii wkï
(M) 4-6 eP‡ii wkï (N) 6-8 eQ‡ii wkï
2| BDwb‡md eZ©gv‡b KqwU †`‡k Kvh©µg Pvjv‡”Q?
(K) 189wU (L) 192wU
(M) 191wU (N) 190wU

BDwbU AvU c„ôv 243

evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek^we`¨vjq mgvRKg© wØZxq cÎ

cvV-8.9 BDwb‡mdÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM (Application of Social Work

Methods in the Programme of UNICEF)
D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.9.1 BDwb‡mdÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.9.1 BDwb‡mdÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM
wkï‡`i mÿgZvi c~Y© weKv‡ki gva¨‡g †hvM¨ bvMwiK wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjvi jÿ¨ wb‡q wek¦e¨vcx KvR
K‡i hv‡”Q BDwb‡md| `y‡h©vMKewjZ, myweavewÂZ, AmyweavMÖ¯Í, hy×KewjZ, cÖwZeÜx I mwnsmZvi wkKvi wkï‡`i
Dbœq‡b Amvgvb¨ Ae`vb †i‡L P‡j‡Q BDwb‡md| BDwb‡md wkï‡`i Rb¨ wkÿv, ¯^v¯’¨, cywó, wbivc` cvwb mieivn,
wkï AwaKv‡ii Rb¨ G¨vW‡fv‡Kwmmn wewfbœ Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i| BDwb‡mdÕi wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg©
c×wZi cÖ‡qvM jÿ¨ Kiv hvq|
2006 mvj †_‡K BDwb‡md evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mn‡hvwMZvq cve©Z¨ PUªMªvg, bMi ew¯Í Ges Ab¨vb¨ Ae‡nwjZ
GjvKvq cÖvK-wkÿY Kg©m~wP cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q| G Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g wcwQ‡q cov Rb‡Mvôxi wkï‡`i mvwe©K Dbœq‡b
¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv †i‡L Pj‡Q| wkï‡`i Awkÿvi g~j KviY¸‡jv wPwýZ K‡i fvlvMZ, mvgvwRK Ges eyw×e„wËK
Dbœq‡bi Dci ¸iæZ¡ †`q BDwb‡md hv mgvRK‡g©i e¨w³ mgvRKg© c×wZi g~j `k©‡bi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©|
`vwi‡`ª¨i Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK wkï ¯‹zj †_‡K S‡i c‡i| Avevi A‡bK mgq evev-gv `vwi‡`ª¨i Kvi‡Y †Q‡j
†g‡q‡`i ¯‹z‡j cvVv‡Z Pvb bv Ges A‡bK `wi`ª wcZvgvZv Zv‡`i mšÍvb‡`i wewfbœ SuywKc~Y© Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ K‡ib|
BDwb‡md evsjv‡`k Gme S‡i cov kÖgRxex wkï‡`i ev¯ÍegyLx I RxebgyLx wkÿv Ges cªwkÿ‡Yi e¨e¯’v K‡i|
Gme Kvh©µ‡g AwffveK‡`i m‡PZbZv ˆZwii cvkvcvwk KwgDwbwUwfwËK m‡PZbZv m„wóg~jK Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv
K‡i hv mgvRK‡g©i mgwó Dbœqb c×wZiI Ab¨Zg Kvh©µg|
bM‡ii ew¯Í A‡j `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb, †gŠwjK †mevi Dcw¯’wZ e„w×, gv`Kvm³Zv wbg©~j Kiv Ges †mev wbwðZ Kivi
j‡ÿ¨ BDw‡b‡md KvR K‡i| G Kvh©µ‡g A‡bKUvB mgvRK‡g©i mgwó msMVb I mgwó Dbœqb bxwZgvjv MÖnY Kiv
nq| ZvQvov KwgDwbwU G¨vW‡fv‡Kwm Ges Askx`vwiZ¡ KwgDwbwU Dbœq‡bi Ab¨Zg Dcv`vb e‡j g‡b Kiv nq|
BDwb‡md e¨w³MZ ch©vq †_‡K ïiæ K‡i RvZxq ch©v‡q wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î wewfbœgyLx MVbg~jK ZrciZv‡K DrmvwnZ
K‡i _v‡K| ZvB ejv hvq BDwb‡mdÕi wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM jÿYxq|
mvims‡ÿc
BDwb‡mdÕi wewfbœ Kvh©µg †hgbÑ wkï myiÿv, wkï‡`i cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv, RxebgyLx wkÿv, wK‡kvi‡`i Rxeb
`ÿZvgyjK wkÿv, ¯^v¯’¨ I cywó Kvh©µg, cvwb Ges m¨vwb‡Ukb‡mev BZ¨vw`‡Z e¨w³ mgvRKg©, `j mgvRKg© Ges
mgwó Dbœqb I mgwó msMVb c×wZi cÖ‡qvM jÿYxq|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-8.9
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b:
1| mgwó Dbœq‡bi Ab¨Zg Dcv`vb †KvbwU?
K) wkï myiÿv L) ¯^v¯’¨ m‡PZbZv
M) RxebgyLx wkÿv N) KwgDwbwU Askx`vwiZ¡
2| BDwb‡md cve©Z¨ A‡j cÖvK-wkÿY Kvh©µg Pvjy K‡I KZ mv‡j?
K) 2005 mv‡j L) 2008 mv‡j
M) 2006 mv‡j N) 2010 mv‡j

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cvV-8.10 BDGbwWwcÕi D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg (Objectives and Programmes of UNDP)

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.10.1 BDGbwWwcÕi D‡Ïk¨mg~n wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.10.2 BDGbwWwcÕi Kvh©µgmg~n eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
8.10.1 BDGbwWwcÕi D‡Ïk¨
wek¦e¨vcx RbM‡Yi `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb K‡i gvby‡li Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœq‡bi j‡¶¨ BDGbwWwc wewfbœ †`k‡K
bxwZi Dbœqb, †bZ…‡Z¡i `¶Zv, cÖvwZôvwbK, m¶gZv wiwR‡jÝ ˆZwi Ki‡Z KvR Ki‡Q| we‡k¦i 170 wU
†`‡k BDGbwWwc Zvi Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q| 2030 mv‡ji g‡a¨ †UKmB Dbœqb j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡b wewfbœ †`k‡K
mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Q BDGbwWwc| †UKmB Dbœqb I gvbem¤ú` Dbœq‡bi †¶‡Î cÖwZwU
†`‡ki mvg_© M‡o †ZvjvB BDGbwWwcÕi g~j D‡Ïk¨| GQvovI BDGbwWwc Dbœqbkxj
†`‡ki Kvh©Ki Dc‡`k, wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb, cÖwk¶Y Ges Aby`vb mnvqZv w`‡q _v‡K|
BDGbwWwcÕi D‡Ïk¨¸‡jv wbgœiƒc:
K) 2030 mv‡ji g‡a¨ †UKmB Dbœqb j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡b mnvqZv Kiv;
L) A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb wbwðZ Kiv, A_©‰bwZK my‡hv‡M mnvqZv Kiv we‡klZ bvix‡`i
A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb;
M) KvVv‡gvMZ Amvgv¨ `~i K‡i mykvmb wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ mvgvwRK bxwZ I Kg©m~wPi
Dbœq‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb;
N) ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq cÖZ¨veZ©b Ges cwi‡ek Dbœq‡b mnvqZv Kiv; Ges
O) gvbevwaKvi msi¶Y Kiv Ges bvixi ¶gZvqb wbwðZ Kiv|
8.10.2 BDGbwWwcÕi Kvh©µg wPÎ 8.10.1 : BDGbwWwc
1972 mvj †_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki Av_©-mvvgwRK, ivR‰bwZK I mvs¯‹…wZK Dbœq‡b
BDGbwWwc GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Askx`vi wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb, mykvmb cÖwZôv, Rjevqy cweZ©‡bi
ûgwK †gvKvwejv, cwi‡e‡ki Dbœqb, cÖwZôvwbK Dbœqb BZ¨vw` bvbv wel‡q AZ¨šÍ Kvh©Ki fv‡e KvR K‡i hv‡”Q|
BDGbwWwcÕi Kvh©µg¸‡jv wbgœiƒc:
1| `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb cÖKí
K) Drcv`bgyLx bZzb my‡hv‡M bvixi m¶gZv e„w× : BDGbwWwc AwZ `wi`ª bvix‡`i `vwi`ª¨ `~i Kivi Rb¨ Ô¯^cœÕ
bv‡g Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q| G Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq AwZ `wi`ª bvix‡`i KvwiMwi cÖwk¶Y, PvKzwi I evRv‡ii
mv‡_ ms‡hvM ¯’vc‡b bvix‡`i mnvqZv K‡i _v‡K| hv‡Z K‡i bvix‡`i mvgvwRK Ges A_‰bwZK AšÍf©yw³ ev‡o|
L) †UKmB I AšÍf©w³g~jK cwiKíbvq mnvqZv : miKvwi cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi m¶gZv e„w× K‡i Av‡iv Kvh©Kifv‡e
`vwi`ª¨ we‡gvP‡bi j‡¶¨ G cÖKí bxwZ I KvwiMwi m¶gZv e„wׇZ KvR K‡i| Gi g~j †dvKvm n‡jv AšÍfy©w³, `wi`ª
evÜe A_©bxwZ, †UKmB Dbœqb Ges mgZvq fwel¨Z wba©viY|
M) †RÛvi wfwËK mwnsmZv `~ixKiY cÖ‡R± : Gi AvIZvq BDGbwWwc gvbevwaKvi i¶v Ges †RÛviwfwËK
mwnsmZv `~ixKi‡Y Ab¨vb¨ †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’v Ges miKv‡ii mv‡_ KvR K‡i hv‡”Q|
2| mykvmb I MYZvwš¿K kvmb Dbœqb cÖKí
K) cywjk ms¯‹vi Kg©m~wP ¯Íi-`yB : evsjv‡`‡k gvby‡li wbivcËv e¨e¯’v DbœZ Kiv Ges †mevg~jK cywjk e¨e¯’v MV‡b
BDGbwWwc KvR K‡i hv‡”Q|
L) Dc‡Rjv Ges BDwbqb cwil` kvmb cÖKí : BDwbqb cwil` I Dc‡Rjv cwil`‡K Kvh©Ki Kivi Rb¨ ¯’vbxq
miKvi e¨e¯’v‡K kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ BDGbwWwc evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mv‡_ KvR K‡i hv‡”Q|

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M) G¨vK‡mm Uz Bbdi‡gkb cÖKí : GB †mevi gva¨‡g miKvwi †mev RbM‡Yi †`ŠoMovq †cuŠ‡Q †`qvi Rb¨
BDGbwWwc evsjv‡`k miKvi‡K mn‡hvwMZv K‡i hv‡”Q|
N) MÖvg Av`vjZ : `wi`ª I MÖvgxY gvby‡li mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi wbwðZ Kiv Ges wePvi e¨e¯’vq gvby‡li cÖ‡ekvwaKvi
`ª“Z gvgjv wb®úwË Kivi Rb¨ KvR Ki‡Q BDGbwWwc|
3| msKU cÖwZ‡iva Ges cybiæ×vi : `y‡h©vMKwejZ gvby‡li msKU cÖwZ‡iva Ges Zv‡`i `¶Zv cybiæ×vi KvR Ki‡Q
BDGbwWwc| Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv msKUvc~Y© mg‡q hv‡Z K‡i `wi`ª Rb‡Mvwô Îvb cvq Ges `xN©‡gqv`x cybe©vmb
cÖwµqvi gv‡S RwUjZv Kgv‡bv hvq| GQvov BDGbwWwc cve©Z¨ GjvKvq wewfbœ †emiKvwi Dbœqb ms¯’v Ges cve©Z¨
PUªMÖvg Dbœqb ms¯’vq mv‡_ cve©Z¨ A‡ji gvby‡li Rxebgvb Dbœqb I msKU wbim‡b KvR Ki‡Q|
4| cwi‡ek I kw³ : `wi`ªiv ¯^fveZB A¯^v¯’¨Ki cwi‡e‡k emevm K‡i I weï× cvwb I cqtwb®‹vk‡bi Afv‡e
wewfbœ †ivMe¨vwa Øviv AvµvšÍ nq| †mKvi‡Y BDGbwWwc Dbœqbkxj †`k¸‡jvi cwi‡ekMZ Dbœq‡b KvR K‡i|
cwi‡ekm¤§Z BUfvUv I BU ˆZwi, we`y¨r mvkªqx ˆe`y¨wZK evwZ e¨envi Ges bevqb‡hvM¨ kw³ e¨evn‡i DrmvwnZ
Kivi Rb¨ miKvwi Ges †emiKvwi ms¯’vi mv‡_ KvR K‡i| GQvov weï× cvwb mieivn, ¯^v¯’¨Ki cvvqLvbv wbg©vY,
cqtwb®‹vkb e¨e¯’vi Dbœq‡bI mn‡hvwMZv K‡i _v‡K|

mvims‡ÿc
BDGbwWwc 1972 mvj †_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi mv‡_ Askx`vwi‡Z¡iwfwˇZ `vwi`ª¨ `~ixKiY, Rjevqy
cwieZ©bRwbZ mgm¨v †gvKvwejv I `y‡h©vM e¨e¯’vcbvq KvR K‡i hv‡”Q| Gme Kg©m~wPi g~j j¶¨ n‡jv `vwi`ª¨
we‡gvPb, Rjevqyy cwieZ©b I cÖK…wZK `y‡h©v‡Mi †gvKvwejvq Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q|

cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb-8.10
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK () wPý w`b:
1| KZ mv‡ji g‡a¨ †UKmB Dbœqb j¶¨gvÎv AR©‡bi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
(K) 2030 mvj (L) 2025 mvj
(M) 2020 mvj (N) 2021 mvj
2| KZ mv‡j BDGbwWwc evsjv‡`‡k Kvh©µg ïiæ K‡iwQj?
(K) 1972 mv‡j (L) 1973 mv‡j
(M) 1972 mv‡j (N) 1974 mv‡j

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cvV-8.11 BDGbwWwcÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM (Application of Social

Work Methods in the Programme of UNDP)
D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l AvcwbÑ
8.11.1 BDGbwWwcÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

8.11.1 BDGbwWwcÕi Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM

BDGbwWwci wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM jÿYxq| `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvPb, mykvmb cÖwZôv, Rjevqy
cweZ©‡bi ûgwK †gvKvwejv, cwi‡e‡ki Dbœqb, cÖwZôvwbK Dbœqb BZ¨vw` bvbv wel‡q AZ¨šÍ Kvh©Kifv‡e KvR K‡i
hv‡”Q BDGbwWwc| BDGbwWwcÕi wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© cÏwZi jÿYxq| †hgbÑ AwZ `wi`ª bvix‡`i `vwi`ª¨ `~i
Kivi Rb¨ ¯^cœ bv‡g Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q| G Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq AwZ `wi`ª bvix‡`i KvwiMwi cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb,
PvKzwi I evRv‡ii mv‡_ ms‡hvM ¯’vc‡b mnvqZv Kiv nq| Gi gva¨‡g bvix‡`i mvgvwRK Ges A_‰bwZK AšÍfy©w³
ev‡o| G Kvh©µ‡g e¨w³ mgvRK‡g©i bxwZgvjvi e¨envi jÿYxq| mgvRK‡g©i Ab¨Zg jÿ¨ n‡jv e¨w³i wbR¯^
m¤ú` e¨envi K‡i wb‡R‡KB wb‡Ri mgm¨v mgvav‡b mÿg K‡i †Zvjv| BDGbwWwc e¨w³ ch©v‡q m¶gZv e„w× K‡i
Av‡iv Kvh©Kifv‡e `vwi`ª¨ we‡gvP‡bi j‡¶¨ miKvwi Ges †emiKvwi wewfbœ cÖK‡í bxwZ I KvwiMwi m¶gZv e„wׇZ
KvR K‡i| Gi g~j †dvKvm n‡jv AšÍfy©w³| †RÛviwfwËK mwnsmZv `~ixKi‡Y BDGbwWwc m‡PZbZvg~jK Kg©mywP
MÖnY K‡i _v‡K| m‡PZbZvg~jK Kg©mw~ Pi AvIZvq wewfbœ Av‡jvPbvmfv I †mwgbvi Av‡qvR‡bi cvkvcvwk `jxq
Av‡jvPbv, M‡elYvq Avw_©K mn‡hvwMZv K‡i _v‡K| A_¨v©r BDGbwWwci Kvh©µ‡g mgvRKg© c×wZi cÖ‡qvM
Ab¯^xKvh©| mgwó Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ `iKvi mgwówfwËK cwiKíbv I Kg©m~wP| BDGbwWwc Zvi cwi‡ek I kw³
Kg©mw~ Pi Aax‡b Dbœqbkxj †`k¸‡jvi cwi‡ekMZ Dbœq‡b KvR K‡i| KviY g‡b Kiv nq `wi`ªiv ¯^fveZB
A¯^w¯’Ki cwi‡ek I weï× cvwb I cqtwb®‹vk‡bi Afv‡e wewfbœ †ivMe¨vwa Øviv AvµvšÍ nq| †mKvi‡Y BDGbwWwc
cwi‡ekm¤§Z BUfvUv I BU ˆZwi, we`y¨r mvkªqx ˆe`¨wZK evwZ e¨envi Ges bevqb‡hvM¨ kw³ e¨env‡i DrmvwnZ
Kivi Rb¨ miKvwi Ges †emiKvwi ms¯’vi mv‡_ KvR K‡i| weï× cvwb mieivn, ¯^v¯’¨Ki cvvqLvbv wbg©vY,
cqtwb®‹vkb e¨e¯’vi Dbœq‡bI mn‡hvwMZv K‡i ms¯’vwU| Gme Kg©m~wP‡Z mgvRK‡g©i bxwZgvjv I g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖ‡qvM
jÿYxq|

P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb
K. eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ
1| AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v ej‡Z †evSvqÑ
i) †h ms¯’v `yB‡qi AwaK †Rjvq KvR K‡i
ii) †h ms¯’vi ˆewk¦K g¨v‡ÛU _v‡K
iii) †h ms¯’vi `yB‡qi AwaK †`‡k mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b KvR K‡i
wb‡Pi †KvbUv mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
2| Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`k Gi iƒcKí n‡jv-
i) cÖ‡Z¨KUv wkï Zvi Rxe‡b c~Y©Zv cvK
ii) Avgv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki cÖv_©bv wkïiv †hb Zv Ki‡Z cv‡i
iii) cÖ‡Z¨KUv wkï Zvi Rxe‡b PvKywi cvK

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wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
3| wkï‡`i‡K Acywó I G¨v‡bvwgqv cÖwZ‡iv‡a BDwb‡mdÕi †Kvb Kvh©µg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡iÑ
i) Vitamin A cÖKí
ii) †eª÷ wdwWs
iii) gv‡q‡`i m‡PZbZv e„w× cÖKí
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i,ii I iii
4| Iqvì© wfkb evsjv‡`‡ki biKwj cÖKí †h msMV‡bi †hŠ_ ev¯Íevq‡b cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q-
i) †Kvwiqv AvšÍRv©vwZK mvnvh¨ ms¯’v
ii) BDGmAvBwW
iii) RvBKv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU co–b Ges 5-7 bs cª‡kœi DËi w`b:
mvwdi evsjv‡`k †iWwµ‡m›U GKwU AvšÍRv©wZK ms¯’v cÖwZôvi wewfbœ w`K wb‡q ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i †`L‡Z cvq GLv‡b
ms¯’vwUi g~jbxwZ¸‡jv‡K K‡qKUv k‡ãi gva¨‡g wba©viY K‡i †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| ms¯’vwU `y¯’, cxwoZ, Amnvq I
wec`vcbœ Rb‡Mvôxi Ae¯’vi Dbœq‡b wbijm cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q|
5| DÏxc‡K Bw½Z Kiv ms¯’vwUi cÖwZôvi mvj wn‡m‡e mg_©b †hvM¨ †KvbwU?
K) 1805 mvj L) 1905 mvj
M) 1863 mvj N) 1919 mvj
6| D³ ms¯’vi KqwU g~jbxwZ i‡q‡Q?
K) 4 wU L) 5wU
M) 6 wU N) 7wU
7| DÏxc‡K Bw½Z Kiv ms¯’vwUi Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU?
K) miKv‡ii mn‡hvMx ms¯’v I †¯^”Qv‡mex gvbweK cÖwZôvb
L) †`kxq mvnvh¨ ms¯’v
M) AjvfRbK ms¯’v
N) wbivcËvg~jK ms¯’v
L. m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
1| Rbve kvnxb K¬v‡k QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i wkï AwaKvi wel‡q cvV`vb Ki‡Qb| AvR‡Ki wkïiv AvMvgx w`‡bi fwel¨r -
GK_v D‡jøL K‡i wZwb wkï‡`i mwVK jvjbcvjb, e„w× I weKv‡ki Dci ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc K‡ib| GQvovI wZwb
wkïi AwaKvi iÿvq we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡k KvR K‡i hv‡”Q Ggb cÖwZôv‡bi bvg D‡jøL K‡i †mme cªwZôv‡b
mywbw`©ó mgvRKg© c×wZ cÖ‡qv‡Mi D`vniY †`b|
K) UNICEF KZ mv‡j cÖwZwôZ nq?
L) †mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb Gi D‡Ïk¨mg~n e¨vL¨v Kiæb|
M) DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ wkï AwaKvi iÿvq mswkøó cÖwZôvb¸‡jv mgvRK‡g©i †Kvb c×wZ cÖ‡qvM K‡i _v‡K?
Ñe¨vL¨v Kiæb|
N) wkïKj¨v‡Y mgvRK‡g©i wewfbœ c×wZi cÖ‡qvM jÿYxq- Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Kiæb|

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DËigvjv
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.1 : 1| L 2| M
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.2 : 1| L 2| N
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.3 : 1| K 2| M
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.4 : 1| K 2| M
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.5 : 1| M 2| K
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.6 : 1| N 2| M
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.7 : 1| N 2| L
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.8 : 1| M 2| N
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.9 : 1| N 2| M
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.10 : 1| K 2| M
cv‡VvËi g~j¨vqb- 8.11 : 1| K 2| K
P~ovšÍ g~j¨vqb- 8 : 1| M 2| K 3| N 4| M 5| M 6| N 7| K

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