QUADRATIC EQUATION

(A) Equation v/s Identity

a (x  b) (x  c) b (x  c) (x  a ) c (x  a ) (x  b)
1. The equation, + + = x is satisfied by :
(a  b) (a  c) ( b  c) (b  a ) (c  a ) (c  b )
(A) no values of ‘ x ‘ (B) exactly two values of ‘ x ‘
(C) exactly three values of ‘ x ‘ (D*) all values of ‘ x ‘
[Hint : Note that x = a or b or c satisfy more than two roots  identify]

2. If x, y, z are all different real numbers, then

2
1 1 1  1 1 1 
2
 2
 2
=    . (True/False)
(x  y) (y  z) (z  x )  x  y y  z z  x
[ Ans.: True ]

4. If x1, x2 & x3 are three distinct numbers which satisfy the relation
(a – 1) x2 + (a2 – 4a + 3) x + (a2 + a – 2) = 0 then
(A) a = – 1 (B) a = – 2 (C) a = 3 (D*) none of these

5. If a, b, c are distinct real numbers, then solve for x;

(a  x) 2 ( b  x) 2 (c  x )2
+ + = 1.
(a  b) (a  c) ( b  c) ( b  a ) ( c  a ) ( c  b)
[ Ans.: Identity ]

(B) Relation between roots and co-efficients

7. If x2 + px  444p = 0 has integral roots where ‘p ‘ is a prime number then find the values(s)
of ‘p‘. [4[
[ F , P 428 ; 469 [

8. If  &  are the roots of the equation , a x 2 + b x + c = 0 , then the equation ,

a x 2  b x (x  1) + c (x  1)2 = 0 has roots :
    1 1
(A) , (B)  1 ,  1 (C) , (D) ,
1 1  1 1  
9. If  ,  are the roots of quadratic equation , x 2 + p x + q = 0 and  ,  are the roots of
x 2 + p x  r = 0 , then (  ) . () is equal to :
(A) q + r (B) q  r (C)  (q + r) (D)  (p + q + r)

10. Let ,  be the roots of the equation (x  a) (x  b) = c, c  0 . Then the roots of the equation
(x ) (x ) + c = 0 are :
(A) a, c (B) b, c (C*) a, b (D) a + c, b + c

11. If x 2 + px  444 p = 0 has integral roots where ‘ p ‘ is a prime number then find the values(s) of ‘ p ‘.

12. If the quadratic equations, x 2 + abx + c = 0 and x 2 + acx + b = 0 have a common root then the equation
containing their other roots is/are:
(A) x 2 + a (b + c) x  a2bc = 0 (B*) x 2  a (b + c) x + a2bc = 0
2
(C) a (b + c) x  (b + c) x + abc = 0 (D*) a (b + c) x 2 + (b + c) x  abc = 0

1
13. A quadratic equation with roots  &  where  = 4, satisfies the condition,

  a2  7
+ = . Find the set of values of ' a ' for which ,   (1, 4).
  1   1 a2  4


[ Ans.: a   2 ,  3    
3,2 ]

 (  1)   (  1) a2  7
[ Solution: = 2
(   1)  (  ) a 4

8  (  ) a2  7
= 2   +  = a2 + 1
5  (  ) a 4
Hence quad. equation is x 2  ( + ) x +  = 0
x 2  (a2 + 1) x + 4 = 0
Let f (x) = x 2  (a2 + 1) x + 4 = 0

f (1) = 4  a2 > 0 ..........(1)

or f (4) = 16  4 a2 > 0

 4  a2 > 0 ..........(2)

a2  1
Also 1< <4
2
 1 < a2 < 7  (3) and D  0  (4)
From (1), (2), (3) & (4) we get the answer ]

14. If cos2 (/8) is a root of the equation, x 2 + bx + c = 0 where b, c  Q then the ordered pair
(b, c) is:

 1  1  1  1
(A)  1 ,  (B*)   1 ,  (C)  1 ,   (D)   1,  
 8  8  8  8

15. If ,  be the roots of x 2  px + q = 0 & ,  those of x 2  px + q = 0, then compute the value of
()2 + ()2 + ()2 + ()2.
[ Ans.: 2 [p 2 + p  2  pp  2q  2q  ]

16. If  &  are real and different roots of the equation, ax 2 + bx + c = 0 and 4,  4 are the roots of the
equation, x 2 + mx + n = 0, then prove that the roots of the equation,
a2 x 2  4 ac x + 2 c2  + a2m = 0 are always real and opposite in sign.
[ Hint: prove that product is negative & D > 0 ]

17. If  be a root of the equation 4x2 + 2x – 1 = 0 then 43 – 3 is the other root. Is it true or false.
Ans. True

18. The roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 where a  R+ are two consecutive odd positive integers, then
(A) |b| < 4a (B) |b| > 4a (C) |b| > 2a (D) None of these

19. P(x) is a quadratic polynomial where values at x = 1 and at x = 2 are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign.
If –1 is a root of the equation P(x) = 0, then the other root is.
8 7 13
(A*) (B) (C) (D) None of these
5 6 7

20. If the difference of the roots of the equation , x2 + a x + b = 0 is equal to the difference of the roots of the
equation , x2 + b x + a = 0 , then :
(A) a + b = 4 (B*) a + b =  4 (C) a  b = 4 (D) a  b =  4

2
21. The equation x 2 – 1 = a2 – 2a – 4 can have real solution for x if a belongs to

(A) (–, –1] U [3, + ) (B) [1 – 5,1+ 5]

(C) [ 1 – 5 , – 1 ] U [ 3, 1 + 5] (D) None of these

22. Let f (x) = a x 2 + b x + c , where a , b , c are rational and f : Z  Z , where Z is the set of integers
. Then a + b is :
(A) a negative integer (B*) an integer
(C) non-integral rational number (D) none of these

23. If the difference of the roots of the equation , x 2 + p x + q = 0 be unity, then (p2 + 4 q2) equals to:
(A*) (1 + 2 q)2 (B) (1  2 q)2 (C) 4 (p  q)2 (D) 2 (p  q)2

(  1)2
24. If the ratio of the roots of the equation , a x 2 + b x + c = 0 is , then is equal to


b b2 ac ac
(A) (B*) (C) 2
(D)
ac ac b b

 
25. Let  and 2 + 3 = 5  , while  2 = 5  3. The quadratic equation whose roots are and is :
 
(A) 3 x 2  31 x + 3 = 0 (B*) 3 x 2  19 x + 3 = 0
(C) 3 x 2 + 19 x + 3 = 0 (D) none of these

26. If  &  are the roots of the equation , a x 2 + b x + c = 0, then the equation,
a x 2  b x (x  1) + c (x  1)2 = 0 has roots :

 
(A) , (B)  1 ,  1
1  1

  1  1
(C*) , (D) ,
 1 1  

2 2
27. Solve for ‘ x ‘ : 2 2 x + 2 x  2x  2
= 25 + 4 x

Ans. x=1± 3

28. If ,  are the roots of quadratic equation, x 2 + p x + q = 0 and ,  are the roots of x 2 + p x  r = 0, then
() . () is equal to :
(A) q + r (B) q  r (C*)  (q + r) (D)  (p + q + r)

29. The value of the expression , x 4  8 x 3 + 18 x 2  8 x + 2 , when x = 2 + 3 is :

(A) 0 (B*) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3
30. The value of 'a' for which the sum of the squares of the roots of the equation,
x 2  (a  2) x  a  1 = 0 assume the least value is :
(A) 0 (B*) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

2 3 2 3
31. The values of x satisfying the equation 5  2 6  x 
+ 52 6 x = 10, is/are

(A) ± 3 (B*) ± 2 (C) ± 3 (D*) ± 2 [Marks 5, –1]

3
32. Given two quadratic equations , x 2  x + m = 0 and x 2  x + 3 m = 0 , m  0 . Find the value of ‘ m
‘ for which one of the roots of the second equation is equal to double the root of the first equation is
[Marks 3, –1]
(A) 2 (B*) –2 (C) 4 (D) –4

33. If  ,  ,  are the roots of the equation , x 3  p x 2 + q x  r = 0 , then the value of

 1 1 1 
   is : [Marks 3, –1]
 2
 2
 2 


p2  2 q r q2  2 p r r2  2 p q
(A) (B*) (C) (D) none of these
r2 r2 r2

1
34. If x = 3 7  5 2  , then the value of x 3 + 3x  14 is equal to [3, – 1]
3
75 2

1
(A) 1 (B*) 0 (C) (D) – 1
2

35. If the roots of the quadratic equation , a x 2 + b x + c = 0 are  & , then find out the quadratic equation
whose roots are 3 &  3 .
[Hint : put  = t1/3 equation becomes a3 t2 + (b 3 – 3abc) t + c3 ]
[ Ans. : a3 x2 + (b 3  3 a b c) x + c3 = 0 ]

36. If sum of the roots of the quadratic equation, a x 2 + b x + c = 0 is 12, then the sum of the roots of the
equation, a (x + 1) 2 + b (x + 1) + c = 0 is:
(A*) 10 (B) 12 (C) 14 (D) none of these

37. If  and  are the roots of the quadratic equation (sin 2a) x 2 – 2(sin a + cos a) x + 2 = 0, find them and
hence prove that 2 +  2 = 2.  2. 3 Marks

38. If p  q then the equations, x2 – px + q = 0 and x2 – qx + p = 0 are such that [3, –1]
(A) both can simultaneously have a zero root
(B) if the roots of the first are both positive so are the roots of the second
(C) if the roots of the first are both negative, then those of the second have opposite signs
(D) both the can have roots belonging to the set {1, 2, 3, 4}

39. The roots of the equation 4a  b  5 x + 4b  a  5 x – 3 a  b  2x = 0 are

(A*) a, b (B) a, – b (C) – a, – b (D) – a, b

40. The number of real roots of x 2  4 x  21 + x2  x  6 = 6 x 2  5 x  39 is

(A*) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

41. If 8 and 2 are the roots of x2 + ax +  = 0, and 3,3 are the roots of x2 + x + b = 0, then the roots x2 + ax +
b = 0 are.
(A) 8 – 1 (B) –9, 2 (C) –8, –2 (D*) 9, 1

42. If the roots of x2 + px + q = 0 are p, q then (p, q) =.....................

Ans. (0, 0) or (1, 2)

43. If the difference of the roots of the equation , x2 + a x + b = 0 is equal to the difference of the roots of the
equation , x2 + b x + a = 0 , then :
(A) a + b = 4 (B*) a + b =  4 (C) a  b = 4 (D) a  b =  4

4
44. Two real numbers  &  are such that  +  = 3 &   = 4, then  &  are the roots of the quadratic
equation:
(A) 4x2  12x  7 = 0 (B) 4x2  12x + 7 = 0
2
(C) 4x  12x + 25 = 0 (D) none of these

45. If one root of the quadratic equation x2 + ax + b = 0 be a root of the equation ;

x2 + cx + d = 0, show that the other root of the first equation is a root of the equation ;
x2 + (2a  c) x + a2  ac + d = 0 .

(C) Nature of Roots/Number of roots

46. if b2  4ac then roots of equation ax 4 + bx 2 + c = 0 are all real & distinct if :
(A) b > 0 , a < 0 , c > 0 (B*) b < 0 , a > 0 , c > 0
(C) b > 0 , a > 0 , c > 0 (D*) b > 0, a < 0 , c < 0 [3]

47. If a + b + c = 0 & a , b , c are rational . Prove that the roots of the equation,
(b + c  a) x2 + (c + a  b) x + (a + b  c) = 0 are rational .

48. If l , m are real , l  m , then the roots of the equation ,

(l  m) x2  5 (l + m) x  2 (l  m) = 0 are :
(A) real & equal (B) non-real complex
(C*) real & unequal (D) none of these

49. The number of real roots of  x2 + 4 x + 3  + 2x  11 = 0

(A) 1 (B*) 2 (C) 3 (D) none of these

3 1 3
50. Number of roots of the equation cos 2 x  sin x   1  0 which lie in the interval
2 4
[] is :
(A) 2 (B*) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8

51. If a, b  R, a  0 and the quadratic equation ax 2  bx + 1 = 0 has imaginary roots then a + b + 1 is:
(A*) positive (B) negative (C) zero (D) depends on the sign of b .
[ Hint : D = b2  4a < 0  a > 0  mouth opens upwards  f( 1) > 0 ]

52. Find the set of values of p for which the equation px 2 = n x possess a single root.
[ Hint: for p  0, there is obv. one solution; for p > 0 one root
 the curves touch each 2 px 1 = 1/x 1  x 12 = 1/2p;
Also px 12 = n x 1  p (1/2p) = n x 1  x 1 = e1/2
 2 p = 1/e  p = 1/2e. Hence p  (, 0]  {1/2e} ]

53. The number of solutions to the equation | 2x 2  5x + 3 | + (x  1) = 0 is

(A*) 1 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) Infinite

54. The quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 has imaginary roots if

(A) a < –1, 0 < c < 1, b > 0 (B) a < –1, –1 < c < 0, 0 < b < 1
(C) a < – 1, c < 0, b > 1 (D*) none of these

55. If a, b, c are real and ab > 0, a + 2b + 4c = 0, then the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 has
(A) both the roots positive (B) both the roots negative
(C*) one positive root and one negative root (D) both the roots imaginary

56. If l, m, n are rational then roots of (m + n) x2 – (l + m + n) x + l = 0 are....................

Ans. rational

5
57. There is no real x such that esinx – e–sinx – 4 = 0. (True /False)
Ans. True

58. The roots of (x – 1) (x – 3) + K(x – 2) (x – 4) = 0, K > 0 are :

(A*) real (B) real & equal (C) imaginary (D) one real & imaginary

59. In which of the following case , the equation , a x2 + b x + c = 0 always has two distinct real roots .
(A) a = 0 , b  0 (B*) c = 0 , b  0
(C*) b  0 , a < 0 , c > 0 (D*) b = 0 , a > 0 , c < 0

60. If b2  4ac then roots of equation ax 4 + bx 2 + c = 0 are all real & distinct if :
(A) b > 0 , a < 0 , c > 0 (B*) b < 0 , a > 0 , c > 0
(C) b > 0 , a > 0 , c > 0 (D*) b > 0, a < 0 , c < 0

61. The quadratic equation, a (x  b) (x  c) + b (x  c) (x  a) + c (x  a) (x  b) = 0,

where 0 < a < b < c, has:
(A*) exactly one root lying between a & b (B*) exactly one root lying between b & c
(C) exactly one root lying between a & c (D*) both roots lie between a & c.

62. If roots of the equation x4 – 8x3 + bx2 + cx + 16 = 0 are positive, then

(A) b = 8 = c (B) c = – 32, b = –24 (C*) b = 24, c = –32 (D) c = 32, b = 24

63. If   (0, ) then the quadratic equation (cos – 1)x 2 + x cos+ sin = 0 has [3, – 1]
(A*) real and distinct roots (B) equal roots
(C) imaginary roots (D) none of these

64. The equation (a + 1) x 2 + (2a – 4) x = 3(a – 1), a  – 1 has rational roots for [3, – 1]
(A) all rational values of a (B) all real values of a
(C) all irrational values of a (D*) all real values of a except x = – 1.

65. If the quadratic equation, ax 2 + bx + a2 + b2 + c2  ab  bc  ca = 0 where a , b , c are distinct reals, has

imaginary roots then :
(A*) 2 (a  b) + (a  b)2 + (b  c)2 + (c  a)2 > 0
(B) 2 (a  b) + (a  b)2 + (b  c)2 + (c  a)2 < 0
(C) 2 (a  b) + (a  b)2 + (b  c)2 + (c  a)2 = 0
(D) none

66. If the roots of the equation , x 2 + 2 c x + a b = 0 are real and unequal, then the roots of the equation, x 2
 2 (a + b) x + (a2 + b2 + 2 c2) = 0 are :
(A) real and unequal (B) real and equal
(C*) imaginary (D) rational

2 2
67. The number of roots of the equation, x  =1 is :
x 1 x 1
(A*) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

68. Prove that the roots of the quadratic equation

abc2x 2 + 3a2cx + b2cx – 6a2 – ab + 2b2 = 0 (a, b, c  Q)
are rational.
69. If b2  4ac then roots of equation ax 4 + bx 2 + c = 0 are all real & distinct if :
(A) b > 0 , a < 0 , c > 0 (B*) b < 0 , a > 0 , c > 0
(C) b > 0 , a > 0 , c > 0 (D*) b > 0, a < 0 , c < 0

6
70. If P(x) = ax 2 + bx + c & Q(x) =  ax 2 + dx + c, where ac  0, then P(x). Q(x) = 0 has
(A) exactly one real root (B*) atleast two real roots
(C) exactly three real roots (D) all four are real roots.

2 2
 x   x 
71. The equation   +   = a (a  1) has
 x  1  x  1

(A*) four real roots if a > 2 (B*) has two real roots if 1 < a < 2
(C) has no real roots if a <  1 (D*) has four real roots for all a < 1

72. Consider the quadratic equation (a1 + a3 – a2) x2 + 2a3 x + (a2 + a3 – a1) = 0, where a1, a2, a3 are distinct
real number and a1 + a3 – a2  0. If both the roots of the equation are rational then.
a3
(A) a1 and a2 are rational (B) a  a is rational
1 2

a2 a1
(C) a  a is rational (D*) a  a is rational
3 1 2 3

bc
73. If the equation, cx2 + bx – 2a = 0 has no real roots and a < , then.
2

ca c  2b
(A*) ac > 0 (B*) a < 0 (C*) >a (D*) >a
2 8

(D) Common roots

74. If x2 + ax + b, x2 + cx + d has the common factor (x – 1), then a + b – c – d =.................

Ans. 0

75. If the quadratic equations, ax2 + 2cx + b = 0 & ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 (b  c) have a common root, then
a + 4b + 4c is equal to :
(A)  2 (B)  2 (C*) 0 (D) 1

76. If a  0, b  0 then the equation x 2 – |a|x + |b| = 0 can have

(A) at the most one positive real root (B) no positive real root
(C) only imaginary roots (D*) none of these

77. If x2 + ax + 10 = 0 and x2 + bx – 10 = 0 have a common root, then a2 – b2 is equal to

(A) 10 (B) 20 (C) 30 (D*) 40

78. If the equations x2 + abx + c = 0 and x2 + acx + b = 0 have a common root, prove that equation containing
other roots is, a (b + c) x2 + (b + c) x – abc = 0 [Marks 5, 0]

79. If the quadratic equations, ax 2 + 2cx + b = 0 & ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0 (b  c) have a common root, then a
+ 4b + 4c is equal to : [Marks 3, –1]
(A)  2 (B)  2 (C*) 0 (D) 1

80. If p  Q and the quadratic equations x 2 – 4x + 1 = 0 and px 2 – (p2 + 3)x + 2p2 – p = 0 have a root in
common then the value(s) of p are [5, –2]
(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 2 (D) –1

81. If P  Q and the quadratic equations x2 – 4x + 1 = 0 and px2 – (p2 + 3)x + 2p2 – p = 0 have a common root then
the value of p is:

7
 3
(A*) 1 (B) 3 (C) – (D) – 1
7

(E) Factorisation of Quadratic Expression

82. Factorise the expression, (x + y + z) 3  x 3  y3  z3 into linear factors.

[ Ans.: 3 (x + y) (y + z) (z + x) ]

83. What must be added to 2ax2 + x – a to make x + a as its factor

(A*) – 2a3 + 2a (B) 2a2 + a (C) 2a3 – 2a (D) a

(F) Graph of Quadratic Expression

84. The least integral value of ‘a’ for which the graphs of the functions y = 2ax + 1 and
y = (a – 6)x 2 – 2 do not intersect : [3, – 1]
(A) – 6 (B*) –5 (C) 3 (D) 2

85. The graph of the quadratic polynomial ; y = ax 2 + bx + c is as shown in the figure . Then :
(A*) b2  4ac > 0
(B*) b < 0
(C*) a > 0
(D*) c < 0

86. The value of ‘ k ‘ for which the curve , y = x 2 + k x + 4 touches the x axis is equal to
(A*) 4 (B) 2 (C*) –4 (D) –2 [Marks 4, –2]

(G) Range of Quadratic Expression

87. Let f (x) = (1 + b2)x 2 + 2 b x + 1 and let m (b) be the minimum value of f (x). As b varies, the range of m
(b) is:
(A) [0, 1] (B) (0, 1/2] (C) [1/2, 1] (D*) (0, 1]

mx 2  3 x  4
88. If x  R, find ‘ m ‘ for which ‘ y ‘ takes all real values, where y =
m  3x  4 x2

x2  x  1
89. If x is real and k = then:
x2  x  1
1
(A) k3 (B) k  5 (C) k  0 (D) none
3

90. The quadratic expression 21 + 12 x  4 x 2 takes :

(A) the least value 5 (B*) the highest value 30
(C) the highest value 21 (D) none of these

x 2  3x  4
91. If a   b, then [Marks 5, –1]
x 2  3x  4

1 1
(A*) a = (B) a = (C*) b = 7 (D) b = 3
7 3

92. The integral values of x for which x 2 + 7x + 13 is perfect square are [3, – 1]

8
 (A) – 4, 5, 2 (B) – 3, – 2 (C) – 4, – 3, – 2 (D*) – 4, – 3

93. If the quadratic equation f(x) = px2 – qx + r = 0 has two distinct roots in (0, 2) where p, q, r  N and
f(1) = – 1 then the minimum value of p is
(A) 1 (B*) 2 (C) 4 (D) none of these

94. Find the minimum distance by which the graph of the function y = 3x2 + 4x + 5 should be pulled downwards
vertically so that new quadratic expression now becomes zero at some point.
(A) 10 units. (B) 11 units (C) 11/3 units. (D) 12/3 units.

mx 2  3 x  4
95 . If x  R , find ‘ m ‘ for which ‘ y ‘ takes all real values , where y =
m  3x  4 x2
(H) Sign of quadratic Expression

96. If the inequality (m  2)x2 + 8x + m + 4 > 0 is satisfied for all x  R then the least integral m is :
(A) 4 (B*) 5 (C) 6 (D) none

97. Consider the inequality, (x + 3) n (x  2) < 0, n  N. Then the correct statement(s) is/are
(A*) the largest integral x satisfying the inequality is 1, if n is even
(B*) the least integral x satisfying the inequality is  2, if n is odd
(C) number of integral x satisfying the inequality is 3, if n is odd
(D*) number of positive integral x satisfying the inequality is 1, if n is even

98. If a, b, c; p, q, r are real numbers such that for every real number x,
ax2 + 2bx + c  0, & px2 + 2qx + r  0, then prove that apx2 + 2bqx + cr  0 for all real x.

99. If the inequality (m  2)x 2 + 8x + m + 4 > 0 is satisfied for all x  R then the least integral m is:
(A) 4 (B*) 5 (C) 6 (D) none

() Solution of Quadratic Expression

100. Find all real values of k for which the solutions set of the inequation,
x 2 + 3 k2  1  2 k (2 x  1) is a subset of the solution set of the inequation,
x 2  (2x  1) k + k2  0.
[ Ans.: k  [ 1, ) ]

101. The inequalities y( 1)  4, y (1)  0 & y(3)  5 are known to hold for
y = ax 2 + bx + c then the least value of 'a' is:
(A)  1/4 (B)  1/3 (C) 1/4 (D*) 1/8
[ Hint: a  b + c  4 ..... (i)
and a+b+c0  abc0 .... (ii)
and 9a + 3b + c  5 .... (iii)
(i) + (ii)   2b 4..... (iv); (ii) + (iii) + (iv)  8a  1  a 1/8 ]
(J) Location of Roots

102. The value of p for which both the roots of the quadratic equation,
4x 2  20 px + (25p2 + 15p  66) are less than 2 lies in :
(A) (4/5, 2) (B) (2,  ) (C) ( 1, 4/5) (D*) ( ,  1)

103. Find values of ‘a’ for which both roots of (a – 2)x2 + 2ax + (a + 3) = 0 lies in (– 2, 1).

 1
Ans.   ,   U (5, 6]
 4

9
104. The value of 'a' for which the quadratic equation 3x 2 + 2 (a2 + 1) x + (a2  3a + 2) = 0 possesses roots of
opposite sign lies in:
(A) (, 1) (B) (, 0) (C*) (1, 2) (D) (3/2, 2)
[ Hint: f (0) < 0 ]

105. If the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a > 0) has two roots  and  such that  < – 2 and  > 2, then
(A) b2 – 4ac > 0 (B*) 4a + 2 |b| + c < 0 (C) a + |b| + c < 0 (D) c < 0

106. If the roots of x 2  2 a x + a2 + a  3 = 0 are both less then 3, then:

(A*) a < 2 (B) 2  a  3 (C) 3 < a  4 (D) a > 4

107. If the equation ax 2 + bx + c = 0 (a > 0) has two roots  and  such that  <  2 and  > 2, then
(A*) b2  4ac > 0 (B*) 4a + 2 b + c < 0 (C*) a + b + c < 0 (D*) c < 0

108. If the roots of the equation , (p  3) x 2  2 p x + 5 p = 0 are real and positive, then ‘p’ lies in the interval
[3, – 1]

 15   15   15 
(A) (– , 3) (B)  ,   (C) (– , 3)   ,   (D*) p  3, 
 4   4   4

109. The set of values of ‘ a ‘ for which both roots of the equation , x2 + 2 (a + 1) x + (9 a  5) = 0 are negative
is : [3, – 1]
5 
(A) [0 , ) (B) ( , 6] (C) ( , 0] (D*)  , 1  [6 , )
9 

110. If , are the roots of the quadratic equation, x 2  2p (x  4)  15 = 0 then the set of values of p for
which one root is less than 1 & the other root is greater than 2 is : [3, – 1]
 7 7 
(A*)   ,  (B) (–, 8) (C)  ,   (D) [5, )
 3  3 

111. The set of real values of p for which all roots of equation, x 4  (1  2p) x 2 + (p2  1) = 0 are real in which
two are equal is
(A) (1/2, ) (B) (5/4, ) (C*) {1} (D) {1}

112. Find all values of the parameter ‘ a ‘ for which the quadratic equation,
(a + 1) x 2 + 2 (a + 1) x + a  2 = 0 ;
(i) has two distinct real roots (ii) has no real roots (iii) has equal roots
[ Ans. : (i) a >  1 (ii) a <  1 (iii) no solution ]
113. Find values of ‘a’ for which both roots of (a – 2)x 2 + 2ax + (a + 3) = 0 lies in (– 2, 1).

 1
Ans.   ,   U (5, 6]
 4

114. If , are the roots of the quadratic equation, x2  2p (x  4)  15 = 0 then the set of values of p for which
one root is less than 1 & the other root is greater than 2.
(A*) (, 7/3) (B) (, 7/4) (C) (, 2/4) (D) (, 7/3)

115. The set of values of ‘a’ for which the inequality x 2  (a + 2)x  (a + 3) < 0 is satisfied for at least one
positive real x is ________________.
Ans : [- 3,  )

116. For what values of ‘a’ exactly one root of the equation, eax2  e2ax + ea  1 = 0, lies between 1 and 2.

10
  5  17   5  17 
Ans.
   
ln  4  < a < ln  4 

117. The quadratic equation x2 + ax + b = 0 (a, b real numbers) has both roots real and positive if and only it.
(A) a < 0 and b > 0 (B) ab < 0 and a > 2 b

(C) ab < 0 and a2 > 4b (D*) b > 0 and a < –2 b

118. x2 – px + q = 0 has a positive root  and negative root  also x2 – px = k – q (k < 0) has a positive root ’ and
negative root ‘. Then
(A)  < ’ and  > 0 (B) < ‘ and < ‘
(C*) ‘ < and ‘ >  (D)  > ‘ and < ‘

(K) Mix

119. Find all the real values of the parameter 'a ' for which the equation
x (x + 1) (x + a) (x + a + 1) = a2 has four real roots .

120. Let a , b & c be positive integers and consider all the quadratic equations of the form
a x2  b x + c = 0 which have two distinct real roots in the open interval 0 < x < 1 . Find the
least positive integer ' a' for which such a quadratic equation exists .

2
 x 2   x 2  cos x
121. Solve the equation,  4 cos 2  5  2  + 2  4 cos    5  
 =0.
    2  2  2

x 2
[ Hint : Put 4 cos 5 = y and form a quadratic in y . Solve it for y .
2 2
Ans. : x = 4 n  , n  I ]

122. For what real values of ' k ' does the equation , x3  2 x2  4 x + k = 0 have atleast one root
strictly between  2 & 0 ?

123. If , ,  are the roots of the equation x3 + P0x2 + P1x + P2 = 0, then

(1  2) (1   2) (1  2) is equal to
(A*) (1 + P 1 ) 2  (P 0 + P 2 ) 2 (B) (1 + P 1 ) 2 + (P 0 + P 2 ) 2
(C) (1  P 1) 2 + (P 0  P 2) 2 (D) None of these

124. If  ,  ,  are the roots of the equation x 3  p x 2 + r = 0 , find the equation whose roots are ,

 
, , .
 
125. Find the range of values of ‘ K‘ for which the equation x4  4x3 + 4x2 + tan1 K = 0 posses (i)
exactly two distinct real solutions. (ii) four distinct real solutions .

126. Find the solution set of the equation , 3 x + 1  3x  1 = 2 log5 6  x 

[ Ans. : {1 , 11} , for x < 0 , no solution ]

127. A polynomial in ‘ x ‘ of the third degree which will vanish when x = 1 and x =  2 and will have the values
4 and 28 when x =  1 and x = 2 respectively is _______ .
[ Ans. : f (x) = (x  1) (x + 2) (a x+ b) ; 3 x3 + 4 x2  5 x  2 ]

11
 1
128. Determine all real number x satisfying the inequality, 3  x  x 1> .
2

8  31
[ Ans. :  1  x < ]
8
[ Solution : Domain is  1  x  3
Now 3x > x1 if
3x > x+1
2 > 2x  x<1
Hence for  1  x < 1 both sides of the inequality are positive .
15
Squaring  2 3  x x1 > 
4
225
again squaring and simplifying 3 + 2 x  x2 < Now proceed ]
8
129. Consider any three consecutive natural numbers. Prove that the cube of the largest cannot be the cubes of
the other two.
a b
130. If (a2 + b2)3 = (a3 + b3)2 and ab  0 then the numerical value of  is equal to :
b a
(A) greater than 2 (B) smaller than  2 (C) equal to 3/2 (D*) is equal to 2/3

131. If the expression x2m + xm + 1 is divisible by x2 + x + 1, then :

(A) m is any odd integer (B) m is divisible by 3
(C*) m is not divisible by 3 (D) none of these

132. If the number A 3 6 4 0 5 4 8 9 8 1 2 7 0 6 4 4 B is divisible by 99 then the ordered pair of

digits (A, B) is ______ .
[ Hint : SO = A + 37 ; SE = B + 34  A  B + 3 = 0 or 11 and A + B + 71 is a
multiple of 9  A  B =  3 or 8 and A + B = 1 or 10 ; Ans. : (9, 1) ]

1 x  x 2
133. Solve the equation, 10(x+1)(3x+4)  2. 10 (x+1)(x+2) = 10 .

134. If , ,  are the roots of the equation x 3 + P0x 2 + P1x + P2 = 0, then

(1  2) (1   2) (1  2) is equal to
(A*) (1 + P1)2  (P0 + P2)2 (B) (1 + P1)2 + (P0 + P2)2
(C) (1  P1)2 + (P0  P2)2 (D) none of these

135. Solve the equation,

(12 x  1) (6x  1) (4x  1) (3x  1) = 5.

x  ab x  bc x  ca
136. Solve the equation,   = a + b + c.
ab bc 1 a

1 1 1
What happens if   =0
a b bc ca

 x  ab   x  bc   x  ca 
[ Hint:   c    a    b = 0 
 ab   bc   ca 

 1 1 1 
(x  (ab + bc + ca))     = 0  x = ab + bc + ca.
a  b b  c ca 

12
 1 1 1
If   = 0  the given equation becomes an identity & is true for all x  R ]
a b bc ca

137. If a > b > 0 are two real numbers, the value of,

a b  (a  b) a b  (a  b) a b  (a  b) a b  ....... is:
(A*) independent of b (B) independent of a
(C) independent of both a & b (D) dependent on both a & b.
138. The co-efficient of x n  2 in the polynomial (x  1) (x  2) (x  3)........ (x  n) is:
n (n 2  2) (3 n  1) n (n 2  1) (3 n  2)
(A) (B*)
24 24
n (n 2  1) (3 n  4)
(C) (D) none of these
24
[ Hint: E = (x 1) (x 2) (x 3)...... (x n ) where 1 = 1, 2 = 2 etc
= x n    1  x n  1 +    1  2  x n  2.......
Hence co-efficient of x n  2 = sum of the product of
the first ' n ' natural numbers taken two at a time.
Now consider 1  (1 + 2 + 3 +..... n) 2 ]

139. If , &  are the roots of the equation, x 3  x  1 = 0 then,

1  1  1 
+ + has the value equal to:
1  1  1 
(A) zero (B)  1 (C*)  7 (D) 1
[ Hint
Let , ,  be the roots of 2nd    = A;   = B;   = C
3
1 x y1  y  1 y1
Let y= x=     1=0
1 x y1  y  1 y1

1 
 y3 + 7y2  y + 1 = 0   1 
= 7 ]

logx  log2 x  1 1 3log1/ 2  log2 x 

140. The equation, log2 (2x 2) + log2 x. x + log42 x 4 + 2 = 1 has:
2
(A) exactly one real solution (B) two real solutions
(C) 3 real solutions (D*) no solution.

log 20  0. 1 
141. The expression (0.05) is a perfect square of the natural number ______ ( w h e r e 0.1
denotes 0.111111..... )
[ Ans.: 9 ]

142. For what real values of ' k ' does the equation, x3  2 x2  4 x + k = 0 have atleast one root strictly between
2&0?

143. If x 2  4ax  5 + x 2  4bx  5 = 2 (a – b) then x = _________

Ans. 4(a – b)

144. Ordered pair (x, y) x, y  R satisfying the equation x2 + y2 – 2x – 4y – 4 + (a2 + b2 + c2)

13
  1 1 1 
    = 0 (where a, b, c,  R) is.
2 2
a b c2 
(A*) (1, 2) (B) (2, 1) (C) (2, 3) (D) None of these

145. If f(x) = 3x + 4x + 5x – 6x, then f(x) < f(3) for

(A) only one value of x (B) no value of x
(C) only two values of x (D*) infinitely many values of x.

146. If a + b + c > 0, a – b + c > 0 and c < 0, now if roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0 be  and  then [] + [] is equal to
(where [.] denotes the greatest integer function)
(A) 12 (B) –3 (C*) –1 (D) 0

147. The equation x3 – 6x2 + 15x + 3 = 0 has.

(A) only one positive root (B) two positive and one negative roots
(C) no positive roots (D*) none of these

148. The equation 3x–1 + 5x–1 = 34 has

(A) no solution (B) one solution
(C) two solutions (D) more than two solutions.

149. The number of real root of (8 – x)4 + (6 – x)4 = 16 is

(A) only one (B*) two (C) three (D) four

150. For what real values of ' k ' does the equation, x3  2 x2  4 x + k = 0 have atleast one root strictly between
2&0?
40
[ Ans.:  <k<8]
27

151. The number of real solutions of the equation

271/x + 121/x = 2 (81/x) is
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C*) infinite (D) none of these

152. If x3 + px2 + qx + 1 = 0 has only one real root ‘’, prove that  Î (–1, 0).
Also prove that 2 tan–1(cosec) + tan–1(2 sin . sec2 ) = –. (Given that p < q)

153. If x4 + 2x3 + 3x2 + 2x + 4 = 0 has four roots , , ,  then (1 + 2) (1 + 2) (1 + 2) (1 + 2) is equal to
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) 16

154. The set of real values of p for which the equation, x 4  (1  2p) x 2 + (p2  1) = 0 has exactly three
solutions is :
(A) (1/2, ) (B) (5/4, ) (C*) {1} (D) {1}
3 2 2
155. If  are the roots of the equation x – 3x – 4x + 12 = 0, then  ( +  + 1) is equal to
(A) 273 (B) 271 (C) 127 (D) 123 [3, –1]

156. If the equation sin4 x - (k + 2) sin2 x - (k + 3) = 0 has a solution then k must lie in the interval :
(A) (– 4, – 2) (B) [– 3, 2) (C) (– 4, – 3) (D*) [– 3, – 2] [6, 0]

157. The set of real values of p for which the equation, x 4  (1  2p) x 2 + (p2  1) = 0 has exactly three
solutions is : [3, –1]
(A) (1/2, ) (B) (5/4, ) (C*) {1} (D) {1}

158. If x 4 + 2x 3 + 3x 2 + 2x + 4 = 0 has four roots , , ,  then (1 + 2) (1 +  2) (1 + 2) (1 + 2) is equal to

[3, –1]
(A) 2 (B*) 4 (C) 8 (D) 16

14
159. In the following propositions fill the blank by “ it is sufficient”, “it is necessary”, “it is necessary and sufficient”
so as to obtain true statements.
(a) For sum of two real numbers to be rational ......... that each terms be a rational number.
(b) For the equation x2 – 2x + q = 0 to have two positive roots ......... that the condition q > 0 be fulfilled.
Ans. (a) sufficient (b) necessary [4, 0]

160. If the cubic polynomials x 3 + ax 2 + 11x + 6 and x 3 + bx 2 + 14x + 8 may have a common factor of the
form x 2 + px + q, then [5, –1]
(A*) a + p = b + q (B) ap < bq (C*) pq divides ab (D) p + q divides a + b.


161. Let A, B, C be three angles such that A = and tan B. tan C = p. Find all possible values of ' p ' such
4
that A, B, C are the angles of a triangle. [6, 0]

[ Ans.: p  (, 0)  (3  2 2,  ) ]

 3
[ Solution: A = ; tan B tan C = p ; B + C =
4 4

tan B  tan C x y xy  p
= 1  1  p = 1 (where x = tan B, y = tan C) p
1  tanB tanC y x

p
Hence x + y = p  1 x+ =p1  x 2  (p  1) x + p = 0
x
where, tan B & tan C are the roots of the equation. Since A, B, C are the angles of a triangle hence
either both roots must lie in (0, ) or one may be in (,  1) and other in (0, 1). Use location of roots
]

162. The number of roots of the equation x 3 + x 2 + 2x + sin x = 0, in [ 2 , 2] is

(A*) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D*) none of these

163. P(x) is a quadratic polynomial whose values at x = 1 & x = 2 are equal in magnitude but opposite in
sign. If  1 is a root of the equation P(x) = 0 then its other root is ______.
[ Ans.: x = 8/5 P(x) = (x  1) (ax + b) ]

164. Find the number of quadratic polynomials ax2 + 2bx + c which satisfy the following conditions :
(i) a, b, c are distinct
(ii) a, b, c  {1, 2, 3, ........... 2001, 2002}
(iii) x + 1 divides ax2 + 2bx + c
Ans. 2002000
165. Find all the real values of the parameter ' a ' for which the equation
x (x + 1) (x + a) (x + a + 1) = a 2 has four real roots .

166. Let a , b & c be positive integers and consider all the quadratic equations of the form
a x 2 - b x + c = 0 which have two distinct real roots in the open interval 0 < x < 1 . Find the least
positive integer ' a ' for which such a quadratic equation exists .

167. Find the equation each of whose roots is greater by unity , than the roots of the equation
x3  5 x2 + 6 x  3 = 0 . [Marks 3, 0]
Ans. x 3 – 8x 2 + 19x – 15 = 0

168. Statement S : If b, c   and b2 – 4c is square of a rational number, then roots of the equation
x 2 + bx + c = 0 must be integer

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 Reason R : A quadratic equation has integral roots if and only if its discriminant is perfect
square
(A*) S is correct and R is INCORRECT (B) S is INCORRECT and R is correct
(C) S and R both are correct. (D) S and R both are INCORRECT
Sol. Statement S : Since b2 – 4c is square of an integer and the leading coefficient is 1,
 the roots are integers.
Reason R : Consider the equation 2x 2 – 3x + 1 = 0 discriminent = 9 – 8 = 1 = 1 2
but the roots are not integer. Thus the reason is wrong.

169. A polynomial in x of degree greater than 3 leaves the remainder 2, 1 and   1 when divided by
(x  1) ; (x + 2) & (x + 1) respectively . Find the remainder, if the polynomial is divided by,
(x 2  1) (x + 2) .
[ Solution : f (x) = Q 1 (x  1) + 2 = Q 2 (x + 2) + 1 = Q 3 (x + 1)  1
 f (1) = 2 ; f (  2) = 1 ; f (  1) =  1
again f (x) = Q r (x 2  1) (x + 2) + ax 2 + bx + c
Hence a + b + c = 2 ; 4 a  2 b + c = 1 and a  b + c =  1 ]
7 2 3x 2
[ Ans. : x +  ]
6 2 3

170. If ,  ,  are the roots of the equation x 3 + P0x 2 + P1x + P2 = 0, then

(1  2) (1   2) (1   2) is equal to
(A*) (1 + P1)2  (P0 + P2)2 (B) (1 + P1)2 + (P0 + P2)2
(C) (1  P1)2 + (P0  P2)2 (D) none of these

171. Find the range of values of ‘K’ for which the equation x 4  4x 3 + 4x2 + tan 1 K = 0 posses (i) exactly two
distinct real solutions. (ii) four distinct real solutions .

 2 5  2 5
172. The set of real values(s) of ‘a’ for which ax 2 + (1 – ) x + sin–1  x  x   + cos–1  x  x   =0 has at
 4  4

least one real solutions is

(A) (– , – 2)  (2, ) (B) (– , – 2)  (2, )
(C) R – {2} (D*) none of these

Comprehension (For Q.No. 1 to 5)

Let f(x) = 4x2 – 4ax + a2 – 2a + 2 be a quadratic polynomial in x, a be any real number.

173. If x – coordinate of vertex of parabola y = f(x) is less than 0 and f(x) has minimum value 3 for x  [0, 2], then
value of a is
(A) 1 + 2 (B*) 1 – 2 (C) 1 – 3 (D) 1 + 3
174. If y = f(x) takes minimum value 3 on [0, 2] and x-coordinate of vertex is greater than 2, then value of a is
(A) 5 – 10 (B) 10 – 5 (C*) 5 + 10 (D) 10 + 5

175. If exactly one root of f(x) = 0 lies in (0, 2), then the value of a lies in
(A)  5  7, 5 7  
(B*) 5  7 , 5  7  
(C) 7  5 , 7  5  (D)  7  5, 7 5 
176. If both roots of f(x) = 0 lie in (0, 2), then the value of a belongs to

(A)  , 5  7  
(B) 5  7 ,   (C) (– , ) 
(D*) 1, 5  7 
177. If at least one root of f(x) = 0 lies in [0, 2], then the value of a belongs to

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   
(A) 1, 5  7  5  7 , 5  7  
(B*) 1, 5  7 
(C)  7  5, 7  5  5  7,   (D)  7  5,  

Comprehension
For any polynomial equation if it is written in the desending power of x so that first term is the term of
highest power of x and last term is independent term. Every equation of an odd degree has at least one
real root whose sign is opposite to that of its last term, provided that the coefficient of first term is
positive.

Every equation of even degree whose last term is negative and co-efficient of first term positive has at
least two real roots, one positive and one negative

If an equation has only one change of sign then it can have at the most one positive root.

If all the terms of an equation are positive and the equation involves no odd power of x then all its roots
are imaginary.

178. The equation –2x 4 + x 3 + 2x + 5 = 0 has

(A) at least one positive real root and no negative real root
(B) at least two positive real roots
(C) at least one negative real root and no positive real root
(D*) at least one positive and one negative real roots

179. The equation (x 2)3 + 2(x 2)2 + 4(x 2) + 1 = 0 has

(A) at least one real root (B*) no real root
(C) exactly two real roots (D) exactly three real roots

Comprehension (For Q.No. 1 to 3)

Let f 1(x) = a1x 2 + b1x + c1, f 2(x) = a2x 2 + b2x + c2 be quadratic functions with real coefficients. Sum of
roots of f 1(x) = 0 is equal to sum of roots of f 2(x) = 0. Range of y = f 1(x) can be [2, ) or [–2, ). Range
of y = f 2(x) can be (–, –2] or (–, 2].

180. If arithematic mean of roots of f 1(x) f 2(x) = 0 is equal to 1, then

(A) b1 + 2a1 = 0, b2 + 2a2  0 (B) b1 + 2a1  0, b2 + 2a2 = 0
(C*) b1 + 2a1 = 0, b2 + 2a2 = 0 (D) a1 b2 + a2 b1 = 4a1a2

181. Which of the following can be possible graphs of y = f 1(x) and y = f 2(x)

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 (A*) (i), (ii) (B) (i), (ii), (iii) (C) (i), (ii), (iv) (D) (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

182. If y = f 2(x) passes through (1, –2) and f 1(x) = 0 has a negative root then
(A) a2 c2 < 0 (B*) a1 c1 < 0 (C) b1 c1 < 0 (D) b2 c2 > 0

Comprehension (For Q.No. 1 to 3)

Let f(x)  x 2 + px + q = 0 have real roots ,  and g(x)  x 2 + rx + s = 0 have real roots , 

183. The area of the quadrilateral formed by points (, 0), (, 0), (0, ), (0, ) taken in order is
|qs| |qs| |r p| |pr |
(A*) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 2 2

184. The centre of the circle passing through the points of intersection of pairs of lines f(x) = 0 and
g(y) = 0 is

p r  q s  q s  p r
(A)  ,  (B)  ,  (C)   ,   (D*)   ,  
2 2 2 2  2 2  2 2

185. Equation of the director circle of the circle f(x) + g(y) = 0 is

(A) f(x) + g(y) = p2 + r2 – q – s (B) f(x) + g(y) = q2 + s2

p2  r 2 ( q2  s 2 )
(C*) f(x) + g(y) = –q–s (D) f(x) + g(y) = p + r –
4 4

186. O ne root of equat i on ax 2 + bx + c = 0, bx 2 + cx + a = 0 i s com m on, the v al ue of

2
 a 3  b3  c3 
  is_______.
 abc 
2
 a 2  b3  c 3 
Ans :    9
 abc 

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