Lab Manual
CS601 – Data Communication
LAB No. 05
To Learn the working of Digital Modulation with the
help of Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
Department of Computer Science, Virtual University of Pakistan
Lab 5
Lab Title: To Learn the working of Digital Modulation with the help of Quadrature Phase
Shift Keying (QPSK)
Objectives: In this lab, we will demonstrate the working of various digital modulation
schemes with the help of Matlab program. We will observe the changes in various waveform of
different modulation schemes. In this lab, our focus will be to study the properties and working
of QPSK modulation.
Tool: Matlab
Description:
Digital modulation techniques use discrete signals to modulate a carrier wave. The three main
types of digital modulation are Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK) and
Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) which are used to transmit one per symbol. Quadrature phase
shift keying (QPSK) is another digital modulation technique; which is combination of amplitude
and phase variations of carrier wave. It transmits two bits per symbol and exhibits better spectral
efficiency than the previously discussed. In other words, a QPSK symbol doesn't represent 0 or 1
—it represents 00, 01, 10, or 11.
Figure 1: Phasors (Constellation diagram) and Tabular representation of the offset-QPSK
modulation scheme
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Figure 2: QPSK symbols to represents digital information having four different
waveforms of indicated phase
To demonstrate digital modulation of various schemes, we need a file downloadable from the
following link.
https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/14328-digital-modulation
Figure 3: Circuit implementation of a QPSK modulator shown in block diagram
Activity:
Students will need to download the required simulation file from the above mentioned
link.
After downloading the file, students will need to open Matlab application installed in
their personal systems (You can watch youtube videos for installation guidance e.g.:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CY1vpeBa8I).
Click File menu from the menu bar of Matlab window
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Select Open from the File menu and choose the path of downloaded file mentioned
above.
Click ‘Run’ from the file window as indicated in ‘figure 4’
Figure 4: File window showing the Run option to be selected
After running the file, it will display a window (as shown in figure 5) listing various
digital modulation schemes.
A drop down menu bar lists the digital modulation schemes which can be used to select
one scheme at a time to represented its digital modulation.
Figure 5: Matlab application GUI showing QPSK modulation scheme
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You can generate random data for digital waveform and its digital waveform is
represented below the digital data.
Next graph represents the waveform of selected digital modulation scheme.
Task:
After selecting the QPSK modulation, Identify the variation of phases in the modulated
waveform and perform the following tasks in your practical sheet:
1. Represent the given QPSK modulation waveform in tabular form
2. Draw the constellation diagram of the given QPSK modulation in the waveform.
Mechanism to Conduct Lab:
Students and teacher communicate through Skype/Adobe Connect. Students perform the task
using their own system or observing the teacher activities.
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