MIS Final revision

Chapter 1
What’s new in MIS?
1- Cloud computing: a flexible collection of computers on
the internet.
Major business applications are delivered online as
internet service
2- Big Data: Huge volume of data
Sources: web traffic, e-mail messages, social medial
content, machine sensors
Require: new data management tools to capture, store,
and analyze.
3- Mobile Digital platform: Hundreds of thousands of
applications to support collaboration, location,-based
service, and communication with businesses in different
domains.
4- Social networking/online networking: public like
Facebook, what’s app and private like yammer
5- Business intelligence: powerful data analytic tools
provide real-time performance information to managers to
enhance decision making
6- Virtual meeting: video conferencing and web
conferencing technologies to reduce travel time and cost
to improve collaboration and decision making.

Information systems enable globalization?

Customers can shop in a worldwide marketplace
 Digital Firm: Business relationships with customers,
suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled and mediated
and core business process through a digital network spanning
the entire organization or linking multiple organizations
Business processes: Set of logically related tasks and
behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce
specific business results. For example developing a new
product, and hiring new employees.
Digital Firm features
 High Sense and response to their environments than
traditional firms.
 Giving them more flexibility to survive in hard times.
 Extraordinary opportunities
 Time shifting and space shifting
Time Shifting: Business is being conducted continuously 24/7.
Space shifting: Means that work takes place in a global
workshop

Six strategic business objectives

1. Customer and supplier intimacy
2. Improved decision making
3. Operational excellence
4. New products services and business models
5. Competitive advantage
6. Survival
Business model:
Describes how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service
to create wealth.
Chapter 2
MIS: deals with behavioral issues and technical issues
surrounding the development, use, and impact of information
systems used by managers and employees in the firm.
Information Technology (IT):
All the hardware and software that a firm needs to achieve
business objectives
Information System (IS):
A set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and
distribute information to support decision making and control in
an organization
Contain information about people, place, and things within the
organization or in the environment
Data:
Streams of Raw facts representing events occurring in the
organization (Unprocessed, unorganized, raw materials, facts)
Information
We mean data that have been shaped into a form that is
meaningful and useful to human beings (processed and
organized)

Main activities for Information System?

1- Input Captures or collects raw data from within the
organization or from its external environment.

2- Processing Converts this raw input into a meaningful form.

3- Output Transfers the processed information to the people
who will use it.

4- Feedback output that is returned to appropriate members of

the organization to help them evaluate

Draw perspective on information system?

Draw dimensions of IS?

What are information system management,
organization, and technology components?
Organization: its people, structure, business processes,
politics, and culture.
1- Senior management: makes long-range strategic decisions
about products and services to ensure the financial
performance of the firm.
2- Middle management: carries out the programs and plans of
senior management
3- Operational management: Responsible for monitoring the
daily activities of the business
4- Knowledge workers: such as engineers, scientists, and
architects design products or services and create new
knowledge for the firm
5- Data workers: such as secretaries assist with scheduling and
communications at all levels of the firm.
5- Production or service workers: produce the product and deliver
the service.
Management:
 Create new products and service
 Recreate the organizations from time to time
 Create work driven by new knowledge and information
provided by it.

Information technology:
Computer hardware: Is the physical equipment used for input, processing,
and output activities.
 Computer software: Programs that control and coordinate the computer
hardware
Networking and telecommunications technology: consisting of
both physical devices and software, links the various pieces of hardware and
transfers data from one physical location to another.
The Internet: Is a global “network of networks”
Intranets: Internal corporate networks based on Internet technology.
Extranets: Private intranets extended to authorized users outside the
organization
The World Wide Web: Is a service provided by the Internet

What are information system contemporary

approaches?
Chapter 3
Business processes: Collection of activities required to produce
product or service, supported by flows of material, information,
and knowledge.
There are two types of business processes:
Functional Such as hiring employees.
Cross function areas Such as make and order

Note: No single system can provide all the

information an organization needs
- Business Intelligence:
Data and software tools for organizing, analyzing, and providing
access to data to help managers to take more informed decisions.
Transactions Processes System
A computerized system that performs and records the daily
routine transactions necessary to conduct business.
Decision support systems
Support management decisions that are unique and rapidly
changing using advanced analytical models
Why no single system can provide all information and how
information technology improves business processes?
There are different interests, specialties, and levels in an
organization, and there are different kinds of systems.
Automate parts of business processes.
Help organizations redesign and streamline these processes
How do systems serve the different management groups
in a business? Explain showing the different types of
 information systems and discuss the input, and output
shapes, the questions they attempt to answer and the
level of management for each.

TPS MIS DSS ESS

DESCRIPTI 1- records the 1 - used to 1- Focus on 1- address

daily routine monitor and problems non -
ON transactions control the that are routine
necessary to business and unique and decisions
conduct predict the rapidly that
business future Changing required
2- answer performance judgment
questions and 2- Use evaluatio
track the flaw in 2- summarize advanced n and
transactions and report on analytical insight
the Company’s models 2- get data
basic 3- from many
operations sophisticate sources through
d analytics an interface
3- not highly and models that is easy for
analytical to analyze a senior
data manager to Use
LEVEL Operational Middle Super users Senior
level management (managers, management
business
analysis)
INPUT Daly routine Data supplied Internal Internal: MIS
transactions by TPS sources: DSS
from Tps, External: New
MIS Tax laws Or
External competitors
source:
stock and
product
prices of
competitors
OUTPUT Answer routines Use simple What would Data is the form
questions routines happen to of graphs,
 Ex: How many ( summaries our charts, and
parts and investment dashboards
are in inventory comparisons) if the factory
scheduled
were
delayed

Chapter 4
E-Business: Use of digital technology and the Internet to execute
the major business processes in the enterprise.

E-Commerce: Part of e-business that deals with the buying and

selling of goods and services over the Internet.

E-Government: Application of the Internet and networking

technologies to digitally enable government and public sector
agencies’ relationships with citizens, businesses, and other arms
of government.
IS Department: Formal organizational unit responsible for
information technology service
Why systems for collaboration and social business are so
important and what technologies, tools, and platforms do
they use?
Collaboration
Is working with others to achieve shared and explicit goals.
Social business
Is the use of internal and external social networking platforms to
engage employees, customers, and suppliers, and it can enhance
collaborative work.
Collaboration and social business
Enhance innovation, productivity, quality, and customer service.
Tools for collaboration and social business
E-mail and instant messaging, virtual meetings, virtual worlds,
and cyber lockers.
Collaboration platforms
Google Sites, Google Apps, and Microsoft SharePoint.

ERP system: Integrate business processes in manufacturing and

production, finance and accounting, sales and marketing
Features of ERP
 Coordinated their business process
 Integrating groups of process
 Efficient management of resources
 Improve customer service
Supply chain management system:
 Help suppliers, purchasing, firms, distributors, and logistics
companies
 Share information about the order, production, inventory
level, and delivery
Goals of supply chain
To get the right amount of the product from their source to their
point of consumption in the least amount of time
Knowledge Management system:
Enable the organization to better manage processes for capturing
and applying knowledge and expertise

Customer relationship management:

 Manage relationships with customers.
 Deal with customers in sales, marketing, and service.
  To optimize revenue, customer satisfaction, and customer
retention.
 Help firms identify, attract and retain the most profitable
customers.

Chapter5
Business process Re-engineering: redesign of strategic,
value-added business processes and systems, policies, and
organizational structure that support them to optimize workflow
and productivity in an organization.
3 process improvement categories
1. Quick Hits: These are typically low-risk, easily achievable
efforts that provide immediate payback opportunities (typically
within a few months).
2. Incremental Improvement: This focuses on closing small
performance gaps, and delivers small degrees of change that
achieve small but meaningful business results.
3. Re-engineering: This demonstrates breakthrough thinking and
aims at dramatic business results. Unlike quick hits and
incremental improvement, re-engineering is a form of
organizational change characterized by dramatic process
transformation.
List 5 moral dimensions of the information age
 Information Right
 Property Right
 System avidity
 Quality of life
 Accountability and control
Major components of product life cycle
  Identification of current business process
 Review, update, and analysis of AS and IS Process
 Design of to be a process
 Test and implementation of to be process
Process improvement vs process Innovation
Improvement Innovation
Level of change incremental radical
Starting point Existing process Clean slate
Frequency of One-time/ One -time
change continuous
Time required short long
Participation Bottom-up Top-down
Typical scope Narrow ,within Broad ,cross
functions functional
Risk Moderate High
Primary Statistical control Information
Enabler technology
Type of change cultural Cultural
/structural