Equations_that_are_not_on_the_AP_Formula_Sheet
Equations_that_are_not_on_the_AP_Formula_Sheet
Keep in mind the equations listed below do not necessarily need to be “memorized.” It is more important to
understand the proportionalities rather than the equation itself. For example, for v orbit =
√ GM
r
, if you
increase mass of the planet, M , by a factor of 2 then you increase the orbital velocity by a factor of √ 2
Missing Kinematic Equations
1
∆ x= ( v i +v f ) t
2
v
v i =v sinθ
y
θ
v x =v cos θ
Ramp Problems
F n=F g cos θ
Fg ¿/¿ =F g sin θ ¿
Banked Curve
( )
ac
( )
2
−1 −1 v
Angle of a banked curve: θ=tan =tan
g gr
Circular Motion/Gravitation
Circumference 2 πr
Velocity of a particle moving in a circle: v= = =2 πrf
Period T
GM
Gravitational field/acceleration: g planet = 2
R
( )
2
4π 3
***Orbital Period: T 2= r
GM
Orbital Period: T =2 π
√ r
g
Rotational Kinematics
2 2
ω f =ω i +2 α ∆ θ
1
∆ θ= ( ω i+ ω f ) t
2
Oscillations
2
a max= (2 πf ) x (Where x=¿ amplitude)
Collisions
Elastic
' '
m1 v 1+ m2 v 2=m1 v1 +m2 v 2
1 2 1 2 1 '2 1 '2
m1 v 1+ m2 v 2= m1 v 1 + m2 v 2 (Kinetic Energy is Conserved)
2 2 2 2
Perfectly Inelastic
'
m1 v 1+ m2 v 2=( m1+ m2 ) v
Kinetic energy is lost
Explosions
Waves
m
Linear Density: μ=
L
Doppler Effect: f =f
'
( v sound ± v observer
v sound ± v source )
I strongly recommend that you do not take to time to memorize this. But rather, just understand that if the
observer and source are approaching each other, the frequency increases and if they are going away from each
other, the frequency is decreasing.