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Information Sheet - Static Electricity

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14 views2 pages

Information Sheet - Static Electricity

Uploaded by

sreejith KB
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INFORMATION SHEET

TRADE : OUTCOME No: LESSON No:


DATE : TIME :

TITLE : Static Electricity.

OBJECTIVES/TOPICS : At the end of this lesson you shall be able to

• explain the terms charge, current and voltage


• state the definitions of current and voltage
• understand the SI units of current and voltage
• understand earthing and types of earthing

Descriptions:

The imbalance between the positive and negative charges within an object causes the
discharge of electrical pulse known as Static Electricity.

Electric charge is the physical property of the subatomic particles of matter due to
which matter shows electrical behavior. Electric charge is represented by the symbol Q (or q,).
Electric charge is a conserved property, which means the net charge of a closed remains constant.
Electric charge can be of two types namely positive charge and negative charge. The positive charge
is the charge carried by protons, while the negative charge is carried by electrons.

The standard unit of electric charge in the international system of units (SI) is coulomb, which is
represented by the symbol "C". Coulomb is a dimensionless quantity. The quantity of electric charge
transferred in one second is called one coulomb. It is approximately equal to charge on 6.24 × 1018
electrons, i.e.,

Another unit of electric charge is ampere second (As).

Voltage:-

Voltage is defined as the difference of electric potentials of two points in an electric


circuit. In other words, the amount of energy required to move an electric charge from one point to
another in an electric circuit is called voltage.
Voltage is denoted by the symbol V or v, where V is used to represent a constant voltage, while v is
used to represent a time-varying voltage.
The SI unit of voltage is Volt (V). It is named in honor of an Italian physicist Alessandro Antonio
Volta (1745-1827), who invented first electric battery, the voltaic pile. However, the base unit of
voltage is Joules per Coulomb.
Types of Voltage : Depending on the variation in polarity of the voltage with respect to time,
it is classified into in two basic types, namely,
• Direct Voltage : When the polarity of voltage in an electric circuit does not change with time,
it called direct voltage.
• Alternating Voltage : when magnitude of the voltage changes continuously and direction
changes periodically, then the voltage is known as alternating voltage.

Current is the rate of flow of charge across a cross-section. It is a scalar quantity. It’s S.I
unit is ampere (coulomb per second). If 1 ampere current flows through a conductor, it
means that 6.24 x 1018 electrons pass in 1 second across that cross-section of conductor.
Electric current can be either direct or alternating. Direct current (DC) flows in the same direction at
all points in time, although the instantaneous magnitude of the current might vary. In an alternating
current (AC), the flow of charge carriers reverses direction periodically. The number of complete AC
cycles per second is the frequency, which is measured in hertz.

Questions:

1. What is the unit of electric charge?


A. Volts
B. Hertz
C. Ampere
D. Coulomb

2. Electrons contained in a coulomb of electric charge is…


A. 6.24 x 108 electrons
B. 6.24 x 1012 electrons
C. 6.24 x 1016 electrons
D. 6.24 x 1018 electrons

3. What is the unit of electric current ?


E. Volts
F. Hertz
G. Ampere
H. Coulomb

REFERENCE :

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