CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS

COMPLEX NUMBERS
1. Prove the following(a,b,c,d are complex numbers)
ab c d
a. ab is parallel to cd if and only if 
ab c d
ab a c
b. a b c are collinear if and only if 
ab a c
ab cd
c. ab ⊥ cd if and only if 
ab cd
c b  c a 
d. abc   (from a to b in positive direction) if and only if  ei  
c b  c a
 
2. In a unit circle z  1 prove the following:

ab
a. For a chord ab we have  ab
ab
abc
b. If c belongs to the chord ab then c 
ab
2ab
c. The intersection of the tangents from a and b is the point
ab

d. The foot of perpendicular from an arbitrary point c to the chord ab is the point
1

p  a  b  c  abc
2

ab(c  d)  cd(a  b)
e. The intersection of chords ab and cd is the point
ab  cd

ac ad
3. The points a,b,c,d belong to a circle if and only if : R
bc bd

ac pr
4. The triangles abc and pqr are similar and equally oriented if and only if 
bc qr
a a 1
i
5. The area of the triangle abc is b b 1 where a,b,c are complex numbers.
4
c c 1
6. Let S be the circumcentre and H the orthocenter of △ABC. Let Q be the point such that
S bisects HQ and denote by T1, T2, and T3, respectively, the centroids of △BCQ,
4
△CAQ and △ABQ. Prove thatAT1 = BT2 =CT3 = R , where R denotes the circumradius
3
of △ABC.

7. Let ABCD be an inscribed quadrilateral and let HA, HB, HC and HD be the orthocentres
of the triangles BCD, CDA, DAB, and ABC respectively. Prove that the quadrilaterals
ABCD and HAHBHCHD are congruent.

8. Let ABCD be a convex quadrilateral for which AC = BD. Equilateral triangles are
constructed on the sides of the quadrilateral. Let O1, O2, O3, and O4 be the centres of
the triangles constructed on AB, BC, CD, and DA respectively. Prove that the lines
O1O3 and O2O4 are perpendicular.
CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS
COMPLEX NUMBERS
9. The quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in the circle with diameter AC. The lines AB & CD
intersect at M & the tangents to the circle at B & C intersect at N. Prove that MN ⊥ AC.

10. Let H be the orthocentre of the triangle △ABC and P an arbitrary point of its
circumcircle. Let E the foot of perpendicular BH and let PAQB and PARC be
parallelograms. If AQ and HR intersect in X prove EX AP .

11. Given a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD, denote by P and Q the points symmetric to C with
respect to AB and AD respectively. Prove that the line PQ passes through the
orthocenter of △ABD.

12. Let ABC be a triangle, H its orthocenter, O its incenter, and R the circumradius. Let D
be the point symmetric to A with respect to BC, E the point symmetric to B with respect
to CA, and F the point symmetric to C with respect to AB. Prove that the points D, E,
and F are collinear if and only if OH = 2R.

13. Given a triangle ABC, let the tangent at A to the circumscribed circle intersect the mid
segment parallel to BC at the point A1. Similarly we define the points B1 and C1. Prove
that the points A1,B1,C1 lie on a line which is parallel to the Euler line of △ABC.

14. Let AA1 & BB1 be the altitudes of △ABC and let AB  AC . If M is the midpoint of BC, H
the orthocenter of △ABC, and D the intersection of BC and B1C1, prove that DH ⊥ AM.

15. Let ABC be an acute-angled triangle such that BC > CA. Let O be the circumcircle, H
the orthocenter, and F the foot of perpendicular CH. If the perpendicular from F to OF
intersects CA at P, prove that FHP  BAC .

16. Let ABCD be an inscribed quadrilateral and let K, L, M, and N be the midpoints of AB,
BC, CA, and DA respectively. Prove that the orthocenters of △AKN, △BKL, △CLM,
△DMN form a parallelogram.

17. Let ABC be an equilateral triangle such that AB = AC. Let P be the point on the
extension of the side BC and let X and Y be the points on AB and AC such that
PX AC,PY AB . Let T be the midpoint of the arc BC. Prove that PT ⊥ XY.

18. Let ABC be an acute-angled triangle which incircle touches the sides AB and AC in D
and E respectively. Let X and Y are the intersection points of the bisectors of the
angles ACB and ABC with the line DE. Let Z be the midpoint of BC. Prove that the
triangle XYZ is isosceles if and only if A  600 .

19. Given a circumscribed quadrilateral ABCD, let M and N are the midpoints of the
diagonals AC and BD. If S is the incenter, prove that M, N, and S are collinear.

20. Let ABCD be a quadrilateral whose incircle touches the sides AB, BC, CD, and DA at
the points M, N, P, and Q. Prove that the lines AC, BD, MP, and NQ are concurrent.

21. The incircle of △ABC touches the sides BC, CA, and AB respectively in D, E, and F. X,
Y, and Z are the midpoints of EF, FD, and DE respectively. Prove that the incenter of
△ABC belongs to the line connecting the circumcenters of △XYZ and △ABC.

22. Assume that the circle with center I touches the sides BC, CA, and AB of △ABC in the
points D, E, F, respectively. Assume that the lines AI and EF intersect at K, the lines
ED and KC at L, and the lines DF and KB at M. Prove that LM is parallel to BC.
CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS
COMPLEX NUMBERS
23. In the acute-angled triangle ABC, B′ and C′ are feet of perpendiculars from the vertices
B and C respectively. The circle with the diameter AB intersects the line CC′ at the
points M and N, and the circle with the diameter AC intersects the line BB′ at P and Q.
Prove that the quadrilateral MPNQ is cyclic.

24. Let ABCD be a quadrilateral such that A  B  C . Prove that the point D, the
circumcenter, and the orthocenter of △ABC are collinear.

25. Three isosceles triangles BCD, CAE, and ABF with the bases BC, CA, and AB
respectively are constructed in the exterior of the triangle ABC. Prove that the
perpendiculars from A, B, and C to the lines EF, FD, and DE respectively are
concurrent.

26. Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral and let E and F be feet of perpendiculars from the
intersection of the diagonals to the lines AB and CD respectively. Prove that EF if
perpendicular to the line passing through the midpoints of AD and BC.

27. Let AK,BL,CM be the altitudes of the triangle ABC, and let H be its orthocenter. Let P
be the midpoint of the segment AH. If BH and MK intersect at the point S, and LP and
AM in the point T, prove that TS is perpendicular to BC.

28. The lines AM, AN are tangents to the circle k, and an arbitrary line through A intersects
k at K and L. Let l be an arbitrary line parallel to AM. Assume that KM and LM intersect
the line l at P and Q, respectively. Prove that the line MN bisects the segment PQ.

29. The points D, E, and F are chosen on the edges BC, CA, and AB of the triangle ABC
in such a way that BD =CE = AF. Prove that the triangles ABC and DEF have the
common incenter if and only if ABC is equilateral.

30. Given a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD, prove that the incircles of the triangles ABC, BCD,
CDA, DAB form an rectangle.

31. Assume that in △ABC we have A  600 and that IF is parallel to AC, where I is the
incenter and F belongs to the line AB. The point P of the segment BC is such that 3BP
B
= BC. Prove that BFP  .
2
32. Let ABC be a triangle such that ACB  2ABC . Let D be the point of the segment BC
such that CD = 2BD. The segment AD is extended over the point D to the point E for
which AD = DE. Prove that ECB    2EBC .

33. Two circles of different radii intersect at points A and B. The common chords of these
circles are MN and ST respectively. Prove that the orthocenters of △AMN, △AST,
△BMN, and △BST form a rectangle.

34. Given a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD, the lines AD and BC intersect at E where C is
between B and E. The diagonals AC and BD intersect at F. Let M be the midpoint of
CD and let N  M be the point of the circumcircle of the triangle ABM such that AN/BN
= AM/BM. Prove that the points E,F,N are collinear.

35. Given the triangle ABC and the point T, let P and Q be the feet of perpendiculars from
T to the lines AB and AC, respectively and let R and S be the feet of perpendiculars
from A to the lines TC and TB, respectively. Prove that the intersection point of the
lines PR and QS belongs to the line BC.