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Report

on
Software Developer Internship

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement

For the Degree of

Bachelor of Technology
In

Computer Science and Engineering


By
Arif Ansari (2101900100024)
Under the Supervision
of
Microtek International Pvt. Ltd.

ABES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GHAZIABAD

AFFILIATED TO
Dr A.P.J. ABDUL KALAM TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, UTTAR PRADESH,
LUCKNOW
(ODD SEM, 2024-25)

1
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the work presented in this report entitled “Paddy Leaf Diseases Recognition and
Classification using PCA and BFO-DNN Algorithm by Image Processing ", was carried out by me. I have
not submitted the matter embodied in this report for the award of any other degree or diploma of any other
University or Institute.

I have given due credit to the original authors/sources for all the words, ideas, diagrams, graphics, computer
programs, experiments, results, that are not my original contribution. I have used quotation marks to identify
verbatim sentences and given credit to the original authors/sources.

I affirm that no portion of my work is plagiarized, and the experiments and results reported in the report are not
manipulated. In the event of a complaint of plagiarism and the manipulation of the experiments and results, I
shall be fully responsible and answerable.

Name :
Roll. No. :
Branch : Computer Science and Engineering

(Candidate Signature)

2
CERTIFICATE

Attach Internship Certificate

3
ABSTRACT
Currently, agriculture has become the most significant approach than it has been used before few years back,
when the plants are used for feeding the human and flora and fauna. Presently, the plants have been used to
create the electricity and other type of the power to enhance the living situations of the social beings. Due this, it
is requirement for the suitable care of the plants to acquire the maximum advantage. The main region that
required main consideration is the cutting plant leaves diseases. Number of the diseases affects the leaves that
may cause maximum destruction to different economic and social aspect. It may also cause high environmental
losses. Due to this, it is essential to diagnose the plant infections in accurate way and at correct time to prevent
such loses. The spots on the plant leave appeared as the main symptoms that are caused by the fungi bacteria.
In existing work, some of the challenges are water shortage, plants infections and disasters. However, it is
essential to improve the efficiency of the plant infections. The detection and classification of the paddy leaf
diseases using DNN using JAYA algorithm. In pre-processing, the contextual elimination of the RGB images
were converted into HSV images and it is based on the Hue and Saturation to identify the infected and
noninfected parts of leaf. Along with that, the classification was done using DNN –jaya algorithm. Numerical
analysis was done for comparative analysis of ANN (artificial neural network) and DNN (deep neural network).
In proposed system, study the different leaf infections using detection and classification technique in image
processing. Initially, various paddy leaves acquire using digital pictures. After that, RGB model converted into
the HSV model for resizing the picture using k mean clustering with image segmentation. Then, the specific
features are extracted using PCA algorithm. Moreover, the feature extraction and BFO-DNN method
implemented for classification of the paddy leaf diseases. This classification method is used to improve the
detection rate and reduce the entropy loss. It is highly efficient and accurate to detect or recognize the disease
image with different number of categories (Bacteria light, sheath rot, Brown spot and Normal etc). Experimental
analysis is done to calculate the performance metric like as accuracy, TPR, TNR, FDR, Cross Entropy and FPR.
Then, the comparative analysis of the existing parameters compared to the current parameters.

4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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