By :- Jitendra Kumar Sahoo

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 Benefits of Network
Some of the benefits of network are discussed below
1. File Sharing Networking of computer helps the
users to share data files.
2. Hardware Sharing Users can share devices
such as printers, scanners, CD-ROM drives,hard
drives, etc, in a computer network.
3. Application Sharing Applications can be
shared over the network and this allows
implementation of client/server applications.
4. User Communication This allows users to
communicate using E-mail, newsgroups, video
conferencing within the network.
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 Types of Computer Network
Computer network is broadly classified into
various types as follows
a. Local Area Network (LAN)
b. Wide Area Network (WAN)
c. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
d. Personal Area Network (PAN)
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Local Area Network (LAN)
•LAN is a small and single-site network. It connects
network devices over a relatively short distance.
•It is a system in which computers are interconnected
and the geographical area such as home, office,
buildings, school may be within a building to 1 km.
•On most LANs, cables are used to connect the
computers. LANs are typically owned, controlled and
managed by a single person or organization.
•They also use certain specific connectivity technologies,
primarily Ethernet and Token Ring.
•LAN provides a sharing of peripherals in an efficient or
effective way.

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•Wide Area Network (WAN)
•WAN is a geographically dispersed collection of
LANs.
•A WAN like the Internet spans most of the world.
•A network device called a router connects LANs to
a WAN.
•Like the Internet, most WANs are not owned by any
one organization, but rather exist under collective or
distributed ownership and management.
•WANs use technology like ATM, Frame Relay and
X.25 for connectivity.
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Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
•It is a data network designed for a town or city. It
connects an area larger than a LAN, but smaller
than a WAN.
•Its main purpose is to share hardware and software
resources by the various users.
•Cable TV network is an example of metropolitan
area network.
•The computers in a MAN are connected using co-
axial cables or fiber optic cables.

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Personal Area Network (PAN)
•PAN refers to a small network of
communication.
•These are used in a few limited range, which
is in reach ability of individual person.
•Few examples of PAN are Bluetooth, wireless
USB, Z-wave and Zig Bee.

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Server :- Server is a system that responds to
requests across a computer network to provide a
network service. It can be run on a dedicated
computer. It is one of the most powerful and
typical computer.
File Server :- File Server is a type of computer
used on network that provides access to files. It
allows users to share programs and data over
LAN network.
Protocols :- Protocols are the set of rules used
by a network for communication. It is mainly
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Network Topology
The term ‘topology’ refers to the way a network is laid
out, either physically or logically. Topology can be
referred as the geometric arrangement of a computer
system. Each computer system in a topology is known
as node.
The most commonly used topology are described below
1. Bus Topology It is such that there is a single line to
which all nodes are connected. It is usually used when a
network installation is small, simple or temporary. In
bus topology, all the network components are
connected with a same (single) line.

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2. Star Topology In this network topology, the
peripheral nodes are connected to a central node,
which rebroadcasts all transmissions received from
any peripheral node to all peripheral nodes across
the network. A star network can be expanded by
placing another star hub.
3. Ring or Circular Topology This topology is used
in high-performance networks where large
bandwidth is necessary. The protocols used to
implement ring topology are Token Ring and Fiber
Data Communication and Networking 125
Distributed Data Interface (FDDI). In ring topology,
data is transmitted in the form of Token over a network.
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4. Mesh Topology It is also known as completely
interconnected topology. In mesh topology, every
node has a dedicated point-to-point link to every
other node.
5. Tree Topology This is a network topology in
which nodes are arranged as a tree. The function
of the central node in this topology may be
distributed. Its basic structure is like an inverted
tree, where the root acts as a server. It allows
more devices to be attached to a single hub.

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Mesh Topology
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1. ......... is the transmission of
data between two or more
computers over
communication links.
(1)Communication
(2) Networking
(3) Data communication
(4) Data networking
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Answer:- (3) Data communication
The term “Data Communication” comprises
two words: Data and Communication. Data
can be any text, image, audio, video, and
multimedia files. Communication is an act of
sending or receiving data. Thus, data
communication refers to the exchange of
data between two or more networked or
connected devices.

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2. Communication channel
having ......... types.
(1)1
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4
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Answer :- (3) 3
Communication channels can be categorized into three
principal channels:
(1) verbal, (2) written, and (3) non-verbal.
Each of these communications channels have different
strengths and weaknesses, and oftentimes we can use
more than one channel at the same time.

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3. What is the name of the derive that
links your computer with other
computers and information services
through telephone lines? [SBI Clerk 2015]

(1)Modem (2) LAN

(3) URL (4) WAN

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Answer:- (1) Modem
A piece of equipment that connects two
or more computers together by means of A
telephone line so that information can go
from one to the other

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4. Communication between a
computer and a keyboard
involves ........ transmission.
[IBPS Clerk Mains 2017]

(1)Automatic
(2) Half Duplex
(3) Full-duplex
(4) Simplex
(5) None Of These
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Answer :- (4) Simplex
• In Simplex mode, the communication is
unidirectional, that means the data will flow in
one direction.
• A device can send the data but cannot receive it
or it can receive the data but cannot send the
data.
• This type of transmission mode is not very
popular because the communications require the
two-way exchange of data.
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5. Mobile phone is an example
of which type of
communication channel?
(1)Simplex
(2) Half duplex
(3) Full duplex
(4) None of these
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Answer:- (3) Full duplex
• Full-duplex transmission implies a bidirectional
line that can move data in both directions
simultaneously.
• The transmission mode of a communication
channel determines the direction or directions
that data can be sent.

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6. Which of the following is not
a property of twisted pair
cabling?
(1) Twisted pair cabling is a relatively low
speed transmission
(2) The wires can be shielded
(3) The wires can be unshielded
(4) Twisted pair cable carries signals as
light waves
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Answer:- 4) Twisted pair cable carries
signals as light waves
Twisted pair cabling is a type of wiring used
for communications in which two conductors
of a single circuit are twisted together for the
purposes of improving electromagnetic
compatibility.

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7. In twisted pair, wires are twisted
together, which are surrounded by an
insulating material and an outer
layer called
(1)Frame (2) Cover
(3) Disk (4) Block
(5) Jacket
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Answer:- (5) Jacket

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8. Which of the following is the
greatest advantage of co-axial
cabling?
(1)High security
(2) Physical dimensions
(3) Long distances
(4) Easily tapped
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Answer:- (2) Physical dimensions
Coaxial cables have concentric layers of electrical
conductors and insulating material.
This construction ensures signals are enclosed
within the cable and prevents electrical noise from
interfering with the signal. The center conductor
layer is a thin conducting wire, either solid or
braided copper.

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9. Which of the following
cables can transmit data at
high speeds? [IBPS Clerk 2014]

(1) Flat cable (2) Co-axial cable

(3) Optic fibre cable
(4) Twisted pair cable
(5) UTP cable
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Answer:- (3) Optic fibre cable
• Fiber optics, or optical fiber, refers to the
technology that transmits information as
light pulses along a glass or plastic fiber.
• A fiber optic cable can contain a varying
number of these glass fibers from a few
up to a couple hundred. Another glass
layer, called cladding, surrounds the glass
fiber core. The buffer tube layer protects
the cladding, and a jacket layer acts as
the final protective layer for the
individual strand.
• Fiber optic cables are commonly used
because of their advantages over copper
cables. Some of those benefits include
higher bandwidth and transmit speeds.

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10. Which of the following is
an advantage for using fibre
optics data transmission?
(1) Resistance to data theft
(2) Fast data transmission rate
(3) Low noise level
(4) All of the above

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Answer:- (3) Low noise level

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11. Networking using fibre
optic cable is done as [RBI Grade B 2012]

(1) it has high bandwidth

(2) it is thin and light
(3) it is not affected by electro
magnetic interference/power
surges etc
(4) All of the above
(5) None of these
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Answer :- (4) All of the above

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12. Which of the following is
not a property of fibre optic
cabling? [IBPS Clerk Mains 2017]

(1) Transmits at faster speeds than

copper cabling
(2) Easier to capture a signal from the
copper cabling
(3) Very resistant to interference
(4) Carries signals as light waves
(5) less attenuation
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Answer :-
(3) Very resistant to interference
A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-
fiber cable, is an assembly similar to an
electrical cable but containing one or more
optical fibers that are used to carry light.

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13. A device that connects to a
network without the use of
cables is said to be [IBPS Clerk 2012, RBI Grade B 2012]

(1)Distributed
(2) Cabled
(3) Centralised
(4) Open Source
(5) Wireless
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 Answer:- (5) Wireless
Wireless communication is the transfer of
information between two or more points
without the use of an electrical conductor,
optical fiber or other continuous guided
medium for the transfer. The most common
wireless technologies use radio waves.

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14. Which of the following is
the fastest communication
channel?
(1)Radio wave
(2) Microwave
(3) Optical fibre
(4) All are operating at nearly
the same propagation speed
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 Answer:- (2) Microwave
The electromagnetic waves having frequencies
between 1 and 300 GHz are known as a microwave.
Microwave systems use very high-frequency radio
or television signals to transmit data through
space.

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15. Bandwidth refers to
[RBI Grade B 2013]

(1) The cost of the cable required to implement a wan

(2) The cost of the cable required to implement a lan
(3) The amount of information a peer-to-peer
Network can store
(4) The amount of information a communication
medium can transfer in a given amount of time
(5) None of the above

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Answer :-
(4) The amount of information a
communication medium can transfer in a
given amount of time
Bandwidth in networking is the maximum possible
data transfer rate of a network or internet
connection. Throughput is the actual data
transferred successfully in a network. Measuring
network bandwidth doesn't consider whether a test
data transfer results in successful or unsuccessful
data transmission.
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16. Which of the following
represents the fastest data
transmission speed? [SBI Clerk 2012]

(1)Bandwidth
(2) bps
(3) gbps (4) kbps
(5) mbps
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 Answer:- (3) gbps
Gigabits per second (Gbps), sometimes
abbreviated Gb/s, is a data transfer
rate equivalent to one billion bits, or
simple binary units, per second.

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17. A(n) ......... is composed of
several computers connected
together to share resources and
data. [RBI Grade B 2014]
(1)Internet
(2) Network
(3) Backbone
(4) Protocol
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Answer :-(2) Network

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18. What do we call for the arrangement
when two or more computers physically
connected by cables to share information
or hardware? [SBI Clerk 2015]
(1) URL (2) Network
(3) Server (4) Internet
(5) Modem
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Answer :-(2) Network

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19. A combination of hardware and
software that allows communication
and electronic transfer of information
between computers is a [SBI Clerk 2012]
(1)Network
(2) Backup System
(3) Server
(4) Peripheral
(5) Modem
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Answer :- (1) Network

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 20. Which of the following
terms is associated with
networks? [SBI Clerk 2014]

(1) MS-Excel (2) Mouse

(3) Word (4)Connectivity
(5) Plotter
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Answer :- (4) Connectivity

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