ROTATION MOTION
ROTATION MOTION
ROTATION MOTION
F1 A
1. A thin uniform rod AB of mass m = 1.0 kg moves translationally with acceleration a
→ →
= 2.0 m/s2 due to two antiparallel forces F1 and F 2 (see figure). The distance
F2
between the points at which these forces are applied is equal to a = 20 cm.
Besides, it is known that F2 = 5.0 N. Find the length of the rod.
B
2. A force F = Ai + Bj is applied to a point whose radius vector relative to the origin of coordinates O is equal to r = ai
+ bj, where a, b, A, B are constant, and i , j are the unit vectors of the x and y axes. Find the moment and the
→
arm of the force F relative to the point O.
→ → →
3. A force F 1 = A j is applied to a point whose radius vector r 1 = a i , while a force F 2 = B i is applied to the
→
point whose radius vector r 2 = b j . Both radius vectors are determined relative to the origin of coordinates O, i
and j are the unit vectors of the x and y axes, a, b, A, B are constants. Find the arm of the resultant force
relative to the point O.
4. Three forces are applied to a square plate as shown in (see figure). Find the modulus, direction and the point of
application of the resultant force, if this point is taken on the side BC.
B
F
F
A C
D F 2
7. Find the moment of inertia of a thin uniform round disc of radius R and mass m relative to the axis coinciding with
one of its diamaters.
8. A uniform disc of radius R = 20 cm has a round cut (see figure). the mass of the
remaining (shaded portion of the disc equals m = 7.3 kg. Find the moment of inertia of O
such a disc relative to the axis passing through its centre of inertia and perpendicular to R
9. Using the formula for the moment of inertia of a uniform sphere, find the moment of inertia of a thin spherical layer
of mass m and radius R relative to the axis passing through its centre.
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10. A wheel rotating with uniform angular acceleration covers 50 revolutions in the first five seconds after the start.
Find the angular acceleration and the angular velocity at the end of five seconds.
11. A body rotating at 20 rad/s is acted upon by a constant torque providing it a deceleration of 2 rad/s 2. At what time
will the body have kinetic energy same as the initial value if the torque continues to act?
12. A fan is running at 3000 rpm. It is switched off. It comes to rest by uniformly decreasing its angular speed
uniformly in 10 seconds. The total number of revolution in this period.
(A) 150 (B) 250
(C) 350 (D) 300
13. A block hangs from a string wrapped on a disc of radius 20 cm free to rotate about its axis which is fixed in a
horizontal position. If the angular speed of the disc is 10 rad/s at some instant, with what speed is the block going
down at that instant?
(A) 4 m/s (B) 3 m/s
(C) 2 m/s (D) 5 m/s
15. A light thread with a body of mass m tied to its end is wound on a uniform solid cylinder of
mass M and radius R (See figure). At a moment t = 0 the system is set on motion.
Assuming the friction in the axle of the cylinder to be negligible, find the time dependence
M R
of
16. The ends of thin threads tightly wound on the axle of radius r of the Maxwell disc are attached to a horizontal bar.
When the disc unwinds, the bar is raised to keep the disc at the same height. The mass of the disc with the axle is
equal to m, the moment of inertia of the arrangement relative to its axis is I. Find the tension of each thread and
the acceleration of the bar.
17. A thin horizontal uniform rod AB of mass m and length can rotate freely about a vertical axis passing through
its end A. At a certain moment the end B starts experiencing a constant force F which is always perpendicular to
the original position of the stationary rod and directed in a horizontal plane. Find the angular velocity of the rod as
a function of its rotation counted relative to the initial position.
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18. In the arrangement (see figure) the mass of the uniform solid cylinder of radius r is
m
equal to m and the masses of two bodies are equal to m 1 and m2. The thread slipping
and the friction in the axle of the cylinder are supposed to be absent. Find the angular
acceleration of the cylinder and the ratio of tensions T1/T2 of the vertical sections of the 2
thread in the process of motion.
1 m
2
19. In the system shown in figure, the masses of the bodies are known m
1
to be m1 and m2, the coefficient of friction between the body m 1 and m
1
the horizontal plane is equal to , and a pulley of mass m is
m
assumed to be a uniform disc. The thread does not slip over the
pulley. At the moment t = 0 the body m 2 starts descending.
Assuming the mass of the thread and the friction in the axle of the
pulley to be negligible, find the work performed by the friction forces m
1
acting on the body m1 over the first t seconds after the beginning of
motion.
20. A uniform cylinder of radius R is spinned about its axis to the angular velocity 0
and then placed into a corner (see figure). The coefficient of friction between the
R
corner walls and the cylinder is equal to . How many turns will the cylinder
21. A uniform disc of radius R is spinned to the angular velocity and then carefully placed on a horizontal surface.
How long will the disc be rotating on the surface if the friction coefficient is equal to ? The pressure exerted by
the disc on the surface can be regarded as uniform.
22. A flywheel with the initial angular velocity 0 decelerates due to the forces whose moment relative to the axis is
proportional to the square root of its angular velocity. Find the mean angular velocity of the flywheel averaged
over the total deceleration time.
23. A uniform cylinder of radius R and mass M can rotate freely about a stationary horizontal axis O
(see figure). A thin cord of length and mass m is wound on the cylinder in a single layer. Find
R O
the angular acceleration of the cylinder as a function of the length x of the hanging part of the
cord. The wound part of the cord is supposed to have its centre of gravity on the cylinder axis. x
24. A uniform sphere of mass m and radius R rolls without slipping down an inclined plane set at an angle to the
horizontal. Find:
(a) the magnitudes of the friction coefficient at which slipping is absent;
(b) the kinetic energy of the sphere t seconds after the beginning of motion.
25. A uniform cylinder of mass m = 8.0 kg and radius R = 1.3 cm (see figure) starts descending
at a moment t = 0 due to gravity. Neglecting the mass of the thread, find:
(a) the tension of each thread and the angular acceleration of the cylinder;
(b) the time dependence of the instantaneous power developed by the gravitational force.
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26. Thin threads are tightly wound on the ends of a uniform solid cylinder of mass m. the free ends of
the threads are attached to the ceiling of an elevator car. The car starts going up with an
acceleration a0. Find the acceleration a of the cylinder relative to the car and the force F exerted by
the cylinder on the ceiling (through the threads).
28. A uniform solid cylinder of mass m rests on two horizontal planks. A thread is wound
on the cylinder. The hanging end of the thread is pulled vertically down with a
constant force F (see figure). Find the maximum magnitude of the force F which still
does not bring about any sliding of the cylinder, if the coefficient of friction between
the cylinder and the planks is equal to . What is the acceleration amax of the axis of
the cylinder rolling down the inclined plane? F
30. The arrangement shown in figure consists of two identical uniform solid cylinders,
each of mass m, on which two light threads are wound symmetrically. Find the
tension of each thread in the process of motion. The friction in the axle of the
possesses mass M. Also known are the moment of inertia I of the pulley
relative to its axis and the radii of the pulley R and 2R. The mass of the B
threads is negligible. Find the acceleration of the weight A after the system is
set free. 2R
R
A
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32. A uniform solid cylinder A of mass m1 can freely rotate about a horizontal A
axis fixed to a mount B of mass m2 (see figure). A constant horizontal
force F is applied to the end K of a light thread lightly wound on the
cylinder. The friction between the mount and the supporting horizontal
plane is assumed to be absent. Find:
(a) the acceleration of the point K;
K
(b) the kinetic energy of this system t seconds after the beginning of
B F
motion
33. A plank of mass m1 with a uniform sphere of mass m2 placed on it rests on a smooth horizontal plane. A constant
horizontal force F is applied to the plank. With what accelerations will the plank and the centre of the sphere move
provided there is no sliding between the plank and the sphere?
34. A uniform solid cylinder of mass m and radius R set in rotation about its axis with an angular velocity 0, then
lowered with its lateral surface onto a horizontal plane and released. The coefficient of friction between the
cylinder and the plane is equal to k. Find:
(a) how long the cylinder will move with sliding;
(b) the total work performed by the sliding friction force acting on the cylinder.
35. A uniform ball of radius r rolls without slipping down from the top of a sphere of radius R. Find the angular velocity
of the ball at the moment it breaks off the sphere. The initial velocity of the ball is negligible.
37. A small body A is fixed to the inside of a thin rigid hoop of radius R and
mass equal to that of the body A. The hoop rolls without slipping over a
horizontal plane; at the moments when the body A gets into the lower
position, the centre of the hoop moves with velocity v 0 (see figure). At what V0
values of v0 will the hoop move without bouncing?
R
38. Determine the kinetic energy of a tractor crawler belt of mass m if the tractor moves with velocity v (see figure).
39. A uniform sphere of mass m and radius r rolls without sliding over a horizontal plane, rotating about a horizontal
axle OA (see figure). In the process, the centre of the sphere moves with velocity v along a circle of radius R. Find
the kinetic energy of the sphere.
O A
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O
40. A midpoint of a thin uniform rod AB of mass m and length is rigidly fixed
B
to a rotation axle OO as shown in figure. The rod is set into rotation with a
constant angular velocity . Find the resultant moment of the centrifugal C
forces of inertia relative to the point C in the reference frame fixed to the
41. A conical pendulum, a thin uniform rod of length and mass m, rotates uniformly about a vertical axis with
angular velocity (the upper end of the rod is hinged). Find the angle between the rod and the vertical.
42. A uniform cube with edge a rests on a horizontal plane whose friction coefficient equals k. The cube is set in
motion with an initial velocity, travels some distance over the plane and comes to a stand-still. Explain the
disappearance of the angular momentum of the cube relative to the axis lying in the plane at right angles to the
cube’s motion direction. Find the distance between the resultants of gravitational forces and the reaction forces
exerted by the supporting plane.
43. A smooth uniform rod AB of mass M and length rotates freely with an angular velocity 0 in a horizontal plane
about a stationary vertical axis passing through its end A. A small sleeve of mass m starts sliding along the rod
from the point A. Find the velocity v of the sleeve relative to the rod at the moment it reaches its other end B.
44. A uniform rod of mass m = 5.0 kg and length = 90 cm rests on a smooth horizontal surface. One of the ends of
the rod is struck with the impulse J = 3.0 N.s in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the rod. As a result, the rod
obtains the momentum p = 3.0 N.s. Find the force with which one half of the rod will acts on the other in the
process of motion.
45. A thin uniform square plate with side and mass M can rotate freely about a stationary vertical axis coinciding
with one of its sides. A small ball of mass m flying with velocity v at right angles to the plate strikes elastically the
centre of it. Find:
(a) the velocity of the ball v after the impact;
(b) the horizontal component of the resultant force which the axis will exert on the plate after the impact.
46. A vertically oriented uniform rod of mass M and length can rotate about its upper end. A horizontally flying
bullet of mass m strikes the lower end of the rod and gets stuck in it; as a result, the rod swings through an angle
. Assuming that m << M, find:
(a) the velocity of the flying bullet;
(b) the momentum increment in the system “bullet-rod” during the impact; what causes the change of that
momentum;
(c) at what distance x from the upper end of the rod the bullet must strike for the momentum of the system
“bullet-rod” to remain constant during the impact.
47. A horizontally oriented uniform disc of mass M and radius R rotates freely about a stationary vertical axis passing
through its centre. The disc has a radical guide along which can slide without friction a small body of mass m. A
light thread running down through the hollow axle of the disc is tied to the body. Initially the body was located at
the edge of the disc and the whole system rotated with an angular velocity 0. Then by means of a force F applied
to the lower end of the thread the body was slowly pulled to the rotation axis. Find:
(a) the angular velocity of the system in its final state;
(b) the work performed by the force F
48. A man of mass m1 stands on the edge of a horizontal uniform disc of mass m 2 and radius R which is capable of
rotating freely about a stationary vertical axis passing through its centre. At a certain moment the man starts
moving along the edge of the disc; he shifts over an angle relative to the disc and then stops. In the process of
motion the velocity of the man varies with time as v(t). Assuming the dimensions of the man to be negligible, find:
(a) the angle through which the disc had turned by the moment the man stopped;
(b) the force moment (relative to the rotation axis) with which the man acted on the disc in the process of motion.
49. Two horizontal discs rotate freely about a vertical axis passing through their centres. The moments of inertia of
the discs relative to this axis are equal to I 1 and I2, and the angular velocities to 1 and 2. When the upper disc
fell on the lower one, both discs began rotating, after some time, as a single whole (due to friction). Find:
(a) the steady-state angular rotation velocity of the discs;
(b) the work performed by the friction forces in this process.
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50. A small disc and a thin uniform rod of length , whose mass is times greater than the mass of the disc, lie on a
smooth horizontal direction and perpendicular to the rod, with velocity v, after which it elastically collides with the
end of the rod. Find the velocity of the disc and the angular velocity of the rod after the collision. At what value of
will the velocity of the disc after the collision be equal to zero? Reverse its direction?
ANSWERS
1. l = 2aF2/mw = 1.0 m
2. N = (aB −bA) k, where k is the unit vector of the z-axis l = |aB − bA|/ A2 + B2
3. l =| aA − bB | / A 2 + B 2
4. Fres = 2F. This force is parallel to the diagonal AC and is applied at the mid point of the side BC.
5. (A) I = 1/3 ml2; (b) I = 1/3 m(a2 + b2) 6. (a) I = ½ bR2 = 2.8 m2; (b) I = 3/10 mR2
7. I = 1/4 mR2
8. I = (37/72) mR2 = 0.15 kg.m2 9. I = 2/3 mR2
10. 4 rev/s2, 20 rev/s 11. 20 s
12. B 13. C
14. B
15. (a) = gt/R (1 + M/2m); (b) T = mg2t2/2 (1 + M/2m)
16. T = 1/2 mg, w0 = gmr2/I 17. = 6F sin / ml
| m2 − m1 | g T m (m + 4m2 ) (m2 − m1 ) m1g2 t 2
18. = , 1 = 1 19. A=−
(m1 + m2 + m / 2)R T2 m2 (m + 4m1 ) m + 2(m1 + m2 )
20. n = (1 + 2) 20R / 8( + 1) g 21. t = 3/4 R/g
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