UNDERGRADUATE FOURTH SEMESTER (HONOURS) EXAMINATIONS, 2022
Subject: Mathematics Course ID: 42114
Course Code: SH/MTH/404/GE-4
Course Title: Differential Equations and Vector Calculus
Time: 2 hours Full Marks: 40
The figures in the margin indicate full marks
Notations and symbols have their usual meaning
1. Answer any five of the following questions: 2 x 5=10
a) Show that 𝑎⃗ × (𝑏⃗⃗ × 𝑐⃗) + 𝑏⃗⃗ × (𝑐⃗ × 𝑎⃗) + 𝑐⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗) = ⃗⃗
0.
b) If 𝑦1 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥 and 𝑦2 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 then find the Wronskian of 𝑦1 and 𝑦2.
𝑑𝑦
c) Solve = 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑦.
𝑑𝑥
⃗⃗ = sin 𝑡 𝑖̂ + cos 𝑡 𝑗̂ + cos 𝑡 𝑘̂ , find 𝑑 (𝐴⃗. 𝐵
d) If 𝐴⃗ = 𝑡𝑖̂ − 𝑡 2 𝑗̂ + 𝑡 3 𝑘̂ and 𝐵 ⃗⃗ ).
𝑑𝑡
e) Show that x=0 is a regular singular point of the differential equation
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2𝑥 2 +𝑥 − (𝑥 + 1)𝑦 = 0.
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
f) If 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑏⃗⃗ × 𝑐⃗ = 𝑐⃗ × 𝑎⃗ then show that the vectors 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗ are coplanar.
⃗⃗⃗
𝑑𝛼 𝑑 2⃗𝛼
⃗⃗ 𝑑 3⃗𝛼
⃗⃗
g) If 𝛼⃗ = 2𝑡𝑖̂ + 𝑡 3 𝑗̂ + 2𝑡 5 𝑘̂ then find the value of ( × ) . 𝑑𝑡 3 at t=1.
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 2
h) Is 𝑥 = 𝑒 5𝑡 , 𝑦 = −3𝑒 5𝑡 and 𝑥 = 𝑒 3𝑡 , 𝑦 = −𝑒 3𝑡 are two linearly independent solution of the
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
system = 2𝑥 − 𝑦 , = 3𝑥 + 6𝑦 ?
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
2. Answer any four of the following questions: 5 X 4=20
a) Apply the method of variation of parameters to solve:
𝑑2 𝑦
+ 4𝑦 = 4 𝑡𝑎𝑛 2𝑥.
𝑑𝑥 2
b) Test the coplanarity of the vectors 7𝑖̂ -9𝑗̂ + 11𝑘̂, 3𝑖̂ +𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂ , 5𝑖̂ -21𝑗̂ + 37𝑘̂ .
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
c) Solve 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2 − 𝑥(𝑥 + 2) 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 + 2)𝑦 = 0, given 𝑦 = 𝑥 is a solution.
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
d) Find the Power series solution of the differential equation 𝑑𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 0
about 𝑥 = 0.
𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑒 −𝑥
e) Solve by the method of variation of parameters: 2
+2 +𝑦 = .
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥2
𝑑 𝑑𝑝⃗ 𝑑𝑞⃗⃗ 𝑑𝑟⃗
f) i) Prove that [𝑝⃗𝑞⃗𝑟⃗] = [ 𝑞⃗𝑟⃗] + [𝑝⃗ 𝑟⃗] + [𝑝⃗𝑞⃗ ] where 𝑝⃗, 𝑞⃗, 𝑟⃗ are functions
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
of t.
ii) If 𝑟⃗ × 𝑟⃗̈ = 0
⃗⃗ , then show that 𝑟⃗ × 𝑟⃗̇ = 𝑎⃗ , where 𝑟⃗ is a vector function of scalar
variable t and 𝑎⃗ is a constant vector.
3. Answer any one of the following questions: 10 x 1=10
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
a) i) Solve: (3𝑥 + 2)2 + 5(3𝑥 + 2) − 3𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
ii) The velocity of a particle moving in space is given by ⃗𝑽⃗(𝑡) = −3𝑡𝒊̂ + (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝟐 𝑡)𝒋̂ +
̂. Find the particle’s position as a function of 𝑡 if the position at time 𝑡 = 0 is given
(𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝟐 𝑡)𝒌
by ⃗𝑹
⃗⃗(0) = 𝒋̂.
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑧
iii) Solve: = = 5+3+2
𝑦+𝑧 −(𝑥+𝑧) 𝑥−𝑧
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
b) i) Solve: − 𝑑𝑡 + 3𝑥 = sin 𝑡 , + 𝑦 = cos 𝑡 ; 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 1, 𝑦 = 0 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡 = 0.
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
ii) If 𝐴⃗ = 3𝑥𝑦𝑖̂ − 5𝑧𝑗̂ + 10𝑥𝑘̂, then evaluate ∫ 𝐴⃗. 𝑑𝑟⃗ along the curve c given by
𝑥 = 𝑡 2 + 1, 𝑦 = 2𝑡 2 , 𝑧 = 𝑡 3 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡 = 1 𝑡𝑜 𝑡 = 2 4
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