ASSIGNMENT NO.
04
NAME: M. Hassan kazmi
REG NO: L1S22ASCS0127
SECTION: 22D
SUBJECT: OOP
_______________________________________
Question:
Explain the concept of Class String in detail with proper
definition, Syntax and with Example Program. Also explain
the concept of Operator overloading in C++ with Syntax
with program example in detail
Answer.
Class String:
In C++, the string class is part of the Standard Library and provides a
convenient and powerful way to work with strings. It is defined in the
<string> header file and allows you to create, manipulate, and perform
operations on strings. The string class represents a sequence of
characters and provides a wide range of member functions to handle
various string operations. It abstracts the complexity of working with
strings and provides an interface to perform common string operations
efficiently.
Syntax:
#include <string>
int main() {
string variableName;
variableName = "Hello, World!";
cout<<variableName;
return 0;
}
Example:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
int main() {
string str1 = "Hello";
string str2 = " World";
string str3;
str3 = str1 + str2;
cout << "Concatenated string: " << str3 << endl;
cout << "Length of str1: " << str1.length() << endl;
cout << "First character of str2: " << str2[0] << endl;
return 0;
}
Operator Overloading:
Operator overloading in C++ allows you to redefine the behavior of
operators when applied to objects of a class. It enables you to use
operators, such as +, -, *, /, ==, !=, etc., with custom objects in a way
that makes sense for the class. By overloading operators, you can
provide intuitive and meaningful operations on objects, enhancing the
expressiveness and usability of your code.
Syntax:
Complex operator+(const Complex& other)
Example:
#include <iostream>
class Complex {
private:
double real;
double imaginary;
public:
Complex(double real = 0.0, double imaginary = 0.0) {
this->real = real;
this->imaginary = imaginary;
}
Complex operator+(const Complex& other) {
Complex result;
result.real = this->real + other.real;
result.imaginary = this->imaginary + other.imaginary;
return result;
}
Complex operator-(const Complex& other) {
Complex result;
result.real = this->real - other.real;
result.imaginary = this->imaginary - other.imaginary;
return result;
}
Complex operator*(const Complex& other) {
Complex result;
result.real = (this->real * other.real) - (this->imaginary *
other.imaginary);
result.imaginary = (this->real * other.imaginary) + (this->imaginary
* other.real);
return result;
}
bool operator==(const Complex& other) {
return (this->real == other.real) && (this->imaginary ==
other.imaginary);
}
void display() {
cout << "Complex number: " << real << " + " << imaginary << "i"
<< endl;
}
};
int main() {
Complex c1(2.0, 3.0);
Complex c2(1.0, 2.0);
Complex sum = c1 + c2;
Complex difference = c1 - c2;
Complex product = c1 * c2;
if (c1 == c2) {
cout << "c1 is equal to c2" << endl;
} else {
cout << "c1 is not equal to c2" <<endl;
}
sum.display();
difference.display();
product.display();
return 0;}
