The pie chart shows the online sales for retail sectors in Canada in the year 2005 &

2010. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and
make comparisons where relevant.

The data of retail sectors in online platform in term of 4 different items in Canada in the year of
2005 and 2010 are depicted in these charts. It is clear that Electronics and appliance were the top
preference throughout dedicated years.

As can be seen from the graph, there was 35% of sale online for Electronic and Appliance, was
by far the most favored form of categories, compared to only 25% of Home Furnishings in the
year of 2005. Following that, the proportion of the former declined slightly at 30% for 5 years
later, while that for the latter ended at just a half of those.

Looking to the remaining categories, Food & Beverage and Video games started in low profile at
roughly 22% and 18% respectively. The figure for Video games significantly roared by 10% and
was by far the most favored item in the final year, whereas, the data of Food & Beverage
witnessed a slightly increase by approximately 5% in 2010.
The tables give information about the average hour work by part-time and full-time
men and women in three countries in Europe in 2002 and compare them with the
European countries.

The given table compares a range of demographic data from Australia and Malaysia in 1980 and
2002. In general, Malaysia had a relatively younger population than Australia, and a remarkably
faster population growth.

Looking at the table in more detail, it can be seen that the gender ratios in both countries were
almost perfectly balanced. There were slightly more women in Australia and slightly more men
in Malaysia in both years. Also, the difference in population between the two countries in 1980
was minimal, at only about 1 million. However, the difference was around 5 million in 2002, as
the population of Malaysia almost doubled.

The two countries also differed widely in relation to the birth rate. The birth rate in Malaysia was
almost twice as high as that of Australia (3.2% and 2.2% compared to 1.5% and 1.3%). As a
result, average annual population growth in Malaysia was also higher. Another notable feature is
that while the percentages of people aged over 65 in Malaysia were approximately 4% in both
years, the figures for Australia were much higher, at 9.6% and 12.4% in 1980 and 2002,
respectively.
The graph shows the percentage of 15 year olds with low literacy (reading and
writing) levels in four countries. Summarize the information by selecting and
reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The illiteracy rates of Austria, Denmark, Ireland and Sweden on the age of 15 from 2000 to 2009
are depicted in the line graph. It is clear that overarching trends are accelerating in most of
considerable countries except Denmark’s data. Alarmingly, the figure for Austria witnessed a
suddenly growth throughout of 9 years period.

Initially, Ireland and Sweden experienced a marginal rate of illiteracy in terms of 15-year-old age
group (above 10%) in the year of 2000. While Sweden’s data jump further to roughly 17% in
2009, that for Ireland kept a less substantial shift in weighting occur in the first span of 6 years
before abruptly surged and peaked at the same figure compared to the former ones.

Looking to the remaining categories, the proportion of the youth in term of low literacy level in
Denmark steadily deceased by approximately 2.5% and bottomed at 15% in the end of process.
In contrast, beginning at just a low rate, the figure for Austria promptly climbed to around 5% in
the next 3 years. Following by a period of stability between 2003 and 2006, the data of Austria
eventually peaked at roughly 27% in the final period of time.
The graph shows the amount earned by graduates of different age groups in 2002.
It includes those with a degree, those with a higher degree (postgraduate) and those
with other qualifications. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the
main features, and make comparisons were relevant.
The table shows the number of mobile phones sold in millions for a
period of six years.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features,
and make comparison where relevant.

How many cellphones were sold by five leading brands: Nokia, Ericsson,
Samsung, Motorola and Apple between the year of 2006 and 2012 is depicted in
the table. It is clear that when Nokia firmly predominated in 2006, the figure for
Apple was not reported. Alarmingly, Ericsson and Motorola nearly lost their
appeal in the cellphones market throughout the period of 7 years.

Firstly, Samsung and Apple demonstrated a consistent rise in sales during the six-
year period, Samsung’s data jumped further to more than three times (396.5
million products) compared to the beginning year. With no commercial products in
2006, Apple abruptly surged its sales. Started at just 2.3 million in 2007, the figure
for cellphones sold of Apple promptly accelerated and peaked at roughly 135.8
million sold products after merely 6-years period.

By contrast, Nokia always hold the first-place with roughly 400 million
commercial products for every year before be exceed by Samsung in the final year
(335 million compared to 396.5 million). Finally, two remaining brand, Motorola
and Ericsson, followed a more persistently downward pattern. Both suffered the
lowest number of sales overall, achieving only 28 million sales each in 2012.
The diagram shows the process in which a tourist resort can develop and grow.
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features.

The diagram illustrates compendious stages of a propitious method that a small holiday resort
can change to larger ones. Overall, there are different factors in the development of a tourist
resort that share mutual relationships with each other.

At the first stage, after new hotels is launched to meet the needs of tourists, their operations
directly generate more instant jobs for local people and even the demand for local contractors.
Apparently, the establishment of hotel may attract other businesses to constellate in this area.
Local workers can spend more freely as their stable source of income and even create more
indirect business. Subsequently, these merit signs of the job market may ensure a higher tax
collection in the area.

This additional revenue allows the authority to arrange for the modernization of the local
facilities and upgrade tourist services as well. As a result, the resort becomes an attractive
destination with higher profits for these companies, which can be used for reinvestment. The
only inconsiderable problem is that some money will be took out of the host’s economy system
for the sake of some particular organizations. Finally, the foreseeable appeal may lead to the
construction of further hotels as a prosperous circle.
The graph shows the number of visitors to a variety of art galleries in 2011. Summarize the
information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The bar chart illustrates how many guests were served by 6 different art exhibitions
in the year of 2011. It is clear that the appeal of Louvre in France seems to be
peerless in the reported year while the remaining museums in Korea, Spain and
Russia just keep a similarly humble count of visits.

Firstly, roughly 9 million visitors coming to Louvre museum in 2011 was

unmatched throughout six art galleries. While that for Metropolitan museum was
recorded at the second place (6 million), the figure for British museum followed
closely with the number being around 5.8 million.

In contrast, National museum of Korea gained much less attractive at only

approximately a half of the number of British and the USA museum (3.1million).
Finally, the remaining museum of Museo del Prado in Spain and State Hermitage
experienced nearly the same modest data of visitors at 3 million and 2.9 million
respectively.
The graph shows the life expectancy of people living in Asian regions from 1950 and predicts
life expectancy until 2300. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main
features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The line graph illustrates the lifespan statistics at birth in 6 major states of Asia: Western Asia,
India, other South-central Asia, China and other Eastern Asia starting in 1950 up until 2300. It is
clear that overarching trends are accelerating in most of states, especially the climbing data of
other Eastern Asian’s longevity.

Initially, the figure for Eastern Asia seems to be peerless for all the periods. With the number
being around 55 years old in 1950, the life expectancy of Asian in the East side followed an
ascent to reach merely 80 years old in the next half of century. Following that it is expected to
carry on a growth pattern and peak at a likely 103 years by 2300.

In contrast, all of these other regions quietly accelerated in similar fashion. While that for the
Western Asia was recorded in second place at only 45 years in the beginning year, people in
other regions had a low expectancy of life with roughly 40 years. The previous and foreseeable
data of India, Western Asia, China and South Asia offers a continuous rise throughout the period
and reach a peak at 90 years, except a little higher longevity of Chinese at 95 years.
The flow chart indicates the process of dough production with industrial scale. Overall, it has
mainly 4 steps from the raw ingredients to final products.

The first step of process begins when the inputs (flour and yeast) and even water are poured into
an industrial machine. Having been combined, the mixtures are put into the bottle to start the
process of fermentation which can be in a natural way or by the added additives.

Following that a divider is used to put the dough into pre-determined weights instead of molding
by hand. The rotating cylinder puts each segment to the conveyer which end up in the coming
steps.
The graph shows the number of fatal injuries (resulting in death) of workers in New Zealand
between 1992 and 2010. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main
features, and make comparison where relevant

The statistic of fatal accidents related to work in New Zealand from the year 1992 to 2010 is
depicted in the bar chart. It is clear that the number of fatal cases seem to be a general alleviation
throughout merely 2 decades.

To begin with, there was not a significant difference in total fatalities between the years in the
first 8 years. Starting with 6217 cases in the year 1992, the number of lethal injuries jumped
further to the highest point at 6632 in 1994. Following that the recording data of deaths
correlated with a stable descend at around average of 6000 cases.

Looking to the remaining years, the turbulence of these data can be seen more tangibly in the
latter decade. There was a smaller number of fatal injuries in 2002 and 2003 which less than 500
cases compared to the average statistic of the former decade. The lowest point was 2009 when
the number dipped to 4551, after experiencing an abruptly decrease from the peak (5840 cases)
in 2006.
The bar chart shows the number of volunteers in New Zealand who helped in
sports organizations in 2010. The pie chart illustrates the number of volunteers
doing different types of jobs for that same period. Summarize the information by
selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The bar chart indicates the data of volunteers of sport organization in New Zealand
in term of 4 separated activities. The pie chart compares
The pie chart shows the number of people who were using different languages online. The table
shows the average number of people online each year. Summarize the information by selecting
and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The pie chart indicates the statistic of ten separated types of languages used by those on the
internet in the end of 2001. The table provides information about the number of internet users
from November 1997 to August 2001. Overall, there is a significant ascent in the figure for
internet users in all over the world, by far the biggest part prefers using English though.

To begin, the number of world’s population came on online abruptly climbed year on year for
the given period. There was just a minority of global population approached to the internet in the
year of 1997 (76 million equivalently to merely 1.8% of total populace). Having doubled in the
years between 1998 and 2000 from 147 million to 368 million, the statistic of internet users
finally reached a peak at approximately one in ten of total population.
Looking to pie chart in more detail, there was roughly 529 million people approached to the
virtual world following to index in December 2001 which approximately half of them opted to
use English. While the figure for Japanese and Chinese were just behind at merely 9% for each,
the fraction of German and Spanish ended at a little lower at 6.8 and 6.5 percent, respectively.
The other languages, including Korean, Italian, French, Portuguese and Dutch were mostly
reached at a minority of the proportion at around 3%.
The bar chart shows the number of male and female people arrested by type of offence (crime).
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons
where relevant.

How many criminals were arrested by 8 separated type of offence in term of genders in the year
of 2008 and 2009 is depicted in the bar chart. It is clear that
The chart shows the percentage of the adult population employed in different
categories in 2003 and 2013.

The bar chart compares the rate of adults employed in various sectors in 2003 and
2013. Overall, it is clear that the business and medical sectors accounted for the
highest percentages of adults employed. The proportion of those employed in the
engineering, medical and self-employed sectors increased in 2013, compared to the
2003 figures.

In 2003, 16% of adults were employed in engineering and this rose to 18% in
2013. There was a more dramatic increase in employment in the medical sector,
rising from 18% to 26% in those years. The proportion of self-employed went up
from 10% in 2003 to 15% in 2013.

In contrast, the percentage of those employed in the other categories witnessed a

decline. In 2003, 30% of adults worked in business, compared with 12% in
education and 9% in hospitality. By 2013, these figures descended to 26%, 5% and
7% respectively. Finally, unemployment remained low at 5% of adults in 2003,
decreasing to 3% ten years later.
The diagram below shows how instant noodles are manufactured.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.

Manufacturing instant noodles

The given picture illustrates the process by which instant noodles are produced.
Overall, it is clear that there are 8 stages in this linear process, commencing with
storing flour in silos and end with labeling and sealing cups.

At the first stage of this process, flour is pumped from a truck into tower silos for
storage before being put into a mixing machine, where it is mixed with a
combination of water and oil. After this stage has been completed, the resulting
mixture is rolled over to create dough sheets, and then going through a machine to
be separated into strips.

During the next stage, these dough strips are molded into noodles discs, after
which they are cooked with oil and left to dry. Following that, these dried noodles
discs, together with vegetables and spices, are put into cups, and the process finally
ends with these cups being labeled and sealed.
The chart below shows what Anthropology graduates from one university did after
finishing their undergraduate degree course. The table shows the salaries of the
anthropologists in work after five years.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.
The bar charts show the prices of house in England and its capital London and the
average house prices in other regions of England.

The statistic of real estate market in average of England and even some other parts
of England, especially the pillar ones (London) in 1995 and 2013 is depicted in
these bar charts. It is obvious that the figure for London predominates in the
indicated years compared to other English regions.

In 1995, people paid an average 20,000 $ for a house in London which roughly
doubled for those average in the whole of England. After 2 decades, house’s price
in London still got a substantial shift by an abrupt surge and peaked at above
40,000 $ compared to only 20,000 $ of the medium value of a house in this
country.

Looking to the remaining chart, beside the domination of London’s statistic, the
figure for Southeast area held the second place at approximately 30,000 $ in the
year of 2013. Similarly, houses in Southwest and Northwest were priced at a
slighter number at 25,000$ and 20,000$ respectively. By contrast, the medium
price of house in Midland and Northeast just held minimum figures at roughly
10,000$ for both of those.
The chart below shows what Anthropology graduates form one university did after
finishing their undergraduate degree course. The table shows the salaries of the
anthropologists in work after five years.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparison where relevant.
The graph shows the income of four cafes in NY over last year. Summarize the
information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons
where relevant.

The monthly earning reports of four different cafes in New York in the previous
year are depicted in the line chart. It is clear that the oversearching trend is
accelarating, except the downward trend of The Tea Room’s statistic.

Intially, the revenue for The Tea Room was fluctuated and peaked at
approximately 180.000$ in March. Until descenting sharply in the winter months
from 140.000$ to rougly 50.000$ in December, the Tea room’s data experienced
the highest average income compared to other rivals.

By constrast, three later cafes’ statistics followed varied growth pattern. While the
Cafe Cool’s sales began at a modest index at around 30 thousand dollars, those for
the Internet Express gained over triple in January. Having fluctuated remarkablely
throughout the indicated months, the former finally got a substaintial shift in the
last month at 120.000$. The figure for the Internet Express witnessed a gradual
increase in overall by 40.000$.Finally, the Wifi Cafe’s index experienced a
booming recovery from the bottom at 60.000$ in September to rougly 190.000$ in
the end of the year.
The graph below shows in percentage terms the changing patterns of domestic
access to modern technology in homes in the UK.

The varying tendencies of domestic access to latest technology in Britain from the
year of 1996 to 2003 are depicted in the line chart.

It is clear that all categories gain a gradual ascent throughout the indicated period.
Interestingly, there are a more steeper rise in Mobile phone and Internet usage,
which has only started to be recorded from 1998.

In 1996, CD gadgets were by far the most accessible at 60% of Britian household,
climbing steadily to above 80% in the final year. In constrast, the figure for
Internet access was only noticed lowest rank at rougly 10% after 2 years. Having
doubly increase in just 5 year period, almost half of all UK households used
Internet in the year of 2003.

On the other hand, while the Home computer accessiblity gained a gradual growth
in 5 year period, began at 30%, the percentage of Mobile phone experienced a
more significant fashion by rising up from rougly 20% to surpassing the former
figure at the beginning of 1999 by above 30%. Finally, both technology gadgets
recorded an outstanding figure by 50% and 70% of the UK household respectively.
The graph shows the rates of participation in three different activites in a UK
sports club between 1983 and 2003. Write a report for a university lectrues
describing the infomation.

The varying tendencies of club members in three separate kinds of activities:

swimming, team sports and gym activities in British from the year of 1983 to 2003
are depicted in the line graph.

It is clear that the overarching trends are accelerating in most of indicated

categories except swimming throughout the period. Interestingly, swimming and
gym activities witness an opposite trend.

Initially, swimming was the most popular activity in 1983 with a half of total club
members while that for gym activities only noticed a modest fraction at 5%. Team
sports stood at roughly 35% at the same period of time. By over 10 years later, the
statistics were signed a reversal trend, the figure for gym activities climbed by over
20% to surpassed those for swimming’s fraction in 1995.

Finally, swimming and team sports’ data ended at a considerable proportion at

approximately 30% of club members. However, the participants of swimming
levelled off at less than 20% in total.
Changes in food consumption in Great Britain

The graph shows changes in the amount of fresh fruit, sugar and ice-cream eaten
per person per week in Britain between 1975 and 2000. From the graph we can see
that overall, the consumption of fruit rose, while the consumption of sugar fell.

In addition, the consumption of ice-cream, while at a relatively low level, rose

significantly during this period. People consumed more fresh fruit than either sugar
or ice-cream throughout the period. In 1975, the consumption of fresh fruit stood at
500 grams, then increased to 600 grams in 1980. Although it dipped in 1985, it
then rose steadily and reached 750 grams in 2000.

In contrast, there was a consistent drop in sugar consumption. The amount

consumed decreased steadily from almost 400 grams per person to only 100 grams
by 2000.the amount of ice-cream consumed weekly started at about 50 grams.
However, this gradually increased throughout the period. By 2000 it was at the
same level as the consumption of sugar.
The bar chart gives information about the percentage of works in different sectors
of employment in three countries at different stages of economic development.

The statistics of job market in Japan, Brazil and India in terms of 3 typical fields of
economy are depicted in the bar chart.

It is clear that while the figure for agricultural sector predominated in Indian work
force, Japanese were more likely to participate in industrial sector and service
sector.

To begin, there was a highest proportion at above 60% total labor force in India
participated in farming compared to one third of that for Brazilian. As an opposite
pattern was seen the minority of workers in agriculture sector in Japan, was lower
that 10%.

With regards to the remaining categories, a quite similar pattern in the figure for
manufacturing and service sector in 3 indicated countries. Japanese made a
preference to enter service sector at roughly 60% of total workforce. This was also
a considerable fraction for manufacturing in Japan compared to approximately
15% in Indian job market. Finally, there was roughly a half of employment in
Brazil related to service sector, it was a half of those for India.
The pie charts below show average household expenditure in Hong Kong and
Britain in the year 2000.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.

The statistic of household expense in terms of five separate categories in Britain

and Hong Kong in the year of 2000 is depicted in the pie charts.

It is clear that food, housing and other goods held a predominant fraction out of
indicated categories for both British and Hong Kong expenditures.

We can see that in Hong Kong the greatest figure of expenses (32%) was on
accommodation which nearly doubled of those for British chart. By contrast, other
goods accounted for a peerless fraction in total British household expenditure
(36%), compared to roughly 28% in Hong Kong.

With regards to the remaining categories, the second major of British expense was
food, at 22%, while in Hong Kong the actual proportion was higher (27%). There
was a minor fraction of expenses for clothing in Hong Kong and even Britain in
the year of 2000. Finally, British spent a far higher figure at 17% of total
expenditures than only 9% in Hong Kong for transport.
The graph below shows the contribution of three sectors agriculture,
manufacturing, and business and financial services to the UK economy in the
twentieth century.

The economic indicators of Britain in terms of three typical fields (Agriculture,

Manufacturing and Business-Financial in the 20th century are depicted in the bar
chart.

Despite the domination of Agriculture in the first span of century, there is a

nosedive in the index of farming in total of British economy in 1970s. It also
apparent that Business and Financial experience a sustainable growth throughout
the period which is reversed for the figure of Manufacturing.

In 1900, the majority of the UK economy leant on Agriculture at 50% whereas the
percentage of Manufacturing was quite similar, averaging around 45%. Until 1995,
while the figure for industrial sector dropped slightly by roughly 5%, that for
Business and Financial followed a doubled growth.

By contrast, in the latter half of 20th century, there was a significant volatility for
the distribution of British economy. It was noticeable that while industrial sector
experienced a wide plunge by approximately one fifth compared to those for 25
years ago. Finally, while the percentage of Agriculture ended at a minor fraction in
total of economy, those for Business and Financial hit the peak at 35% in the year
of 2000.
The plans below show the site of an airport now and how it will look after
redevelopment next year.

The first picture demonstrates the site and amenities of an airport in current times.
The departures area has a coffee shop and a check-in counter, which are in close
proximity to the passport control and security site, while the arrivals area has no
amenities. There are eight gates that customers could take off after walking from
the departure area and one entrance gate in each area.

The second picture illustrates how the airport changes after the improvement. In
the departure area, there will be a change in location of two former amenities, and
a bag drop site will be constructed. Shops will be located right behind the
procedure site. More facilities will be put in the arrival area, namely an ATM, a
coffee shop, and a rental car site. One more entrance gate will be put in each area.
Moreover, The flying gate area will be added ten more gates, and customers will
go there by sky train instead of the current walkway.

To sum up, there will be a significant expansion of this airport after the
development.
The charts below show the changes in ownership of electrical appliances and
amount of time spent doing housework in households in one country between 1920
and 2019.

Summaries the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.

The line graphs illustrate how the proportions of electrical appliances in terms of
three typical domestic machines and time spent on household chores per week in
the span of a century in a mysterious country. Overall, overarching trends have
been infinite accelerating in all these categories. Interestingly, the total time spent
for housework has fallen off thought the period.

With regards to the consumption of electrical gadgets, the consumption of

refrigerators witnessed a most majority ascent from just a minor proportion in the
year of 1920 to be dispensable appliances in every household after 60 years.
Similarly, the figure for vacuum cleaners began higher at 30% of total household
and experienced a sustainable growth to ultimately reached 100% in 2000s. In
contrast, there was a prompt volatility regarding to the rate of washing machine’s
ownership. Having risen to precisely 70% in 1960, the figure for washing machine
dropped slightly before recovered to above 75% in the final year.
Concerning to the remaining graph, the total duration per week for washing
clothes, preparing meals and cleaning took a sudden nosedive typically in the first
forty years from 50 hours per week in 1920 to 20 per week in 1960. After that,
there was a gradual drop and bottomed at above 10 hours a week for domestic
chores.
 Attendance at cultural events in Great Britain
Percentages
1987-88 1991-92 1997-98
Cinema 34 44 54
Plays 24 23 23
Arts galleries/exhibitions 21 21 22
Classical music 12 12 12
Ballet 6 6 6
Opera 5 6 6
Contemporary Dance 4 3 4
Source: Social Trends 30 The Stationery Office

The index of visitors of culture events in Great Britain in terms of seven typical
performances on over a span of 10 years from the year of 1987 to 1998 is depicted
in the table.

Overall, Cinema, Plays and Art galleries kept their infinite dominance throughout
the period. However, as year passed, the figure for most categories leveled off
except Cinema.

Regarding to the traditional performances, there was a less attraction for the
categories of Classical music, Ballet, Opera and Contemporary Dance. While the
proportion of Classical music made up for a stabilization fraction at 12% through
the decade, the others kept a paltry position in total attendance by a small margin
out of three indicated period.

Looking to the remaining events, going to the Cinema superseded dramatically all
other recreational activities accounted for 34% in 1987-1988. Following that the
fraction of Plays or Art galleries stayed behind at 24% and 21% respectively. For
over decade, the figure for Cinema ballooned to exceed over a half of total
attendance, whereas the proportion of Plays and Art galleries speculates remained
unchanged compared to the beginning statistics.
The graph and table below show the average monthly temperatures and the
average number of hours of sunshine per year in three major cities.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and
make comparisons where relevant.

The statistics of weather factors in terms of monthly temperatures and annual hours
of sunshine in London, New York and Sydney is depicted in the line graph and the
table.

It is clear from the chart that there is a sheer heat amplitude in the temperature of
London and New York, whereas Sydney’s residents experience a cozier and stabile
weather. Admittedly, the total hours of New York and Sydney are nearly the same
and remarkably higher than that of London.

Regarding to the monthly temperatures in greater detail, the figure for London
seems to modify significantly in a similar pattern compared to that for the city in
North America. To indeed, the monthly temperature of New York rises from the
lowest point at roughly 5 degrees in January which is a half of London’s data in the
same period. Following that, both of those figures increase substantially to peak in
the span of July at 30 degrees and 25 degrees respectively. In contrast, Sydney
experiences the coldest season in the middle of the year at above 15 degrees, and
gradually recovers to initial degrees of 25.

Looking to the remaining table, New York and Sydney relatively have a similar
figure for sunshine duration at around 2500 hours per year surpassing the double of
total annual hours of sunshine on yearly in London which is at a lower-level of
1180 hours.
The diagram below shows the manufacturing process for making sugar from
sugar cane.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and
make comparisons where relevant.

The given picture illustrates the process by which sugar is produced.

Overall, it is clear that there are 7 stages in this linear process, commencing with
cropping sugar canes in field and end with final product which is preserved in
proper condition for packaging and sales.

At the first stage of this process, it takes roughly a year to 1.5 year to cultivate
sugar canes before ready to harvest. Consequently, there are two methods can be
performed in this step, manual harvest and machine reaper alike.

During the next stage, having pressed by crushing machine, juice is purified by
limestone filter to get rid of other substances. Following that, the cane juice is
heated in a evaporate boiler to transform into syrup. The next step involves in the
centrifuge machine that dividing sugar crystals from the syrup by the highest spend
rotation. Finally, the sugar is dried and cooled to conducive for packing.
The following diagram shows how pencils are manufactured.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown

below.

The given picture illustrates the process by which pencils are produced. Overall, it
is clear that there are two unambiguous parallel sub-processes called pencil leads
and pencil cases before conflated to finished pencil.

At the stages of producing pencil leads, graphite dough is made by mixing ground
graphite, clay and water before molded into a long graphite rod by passing through
the forming press machine. Having cut into a standard-length, leads then need to be
dried by 800-degree-Celsius oven.

During the other sub-process of pencil cases, raw lumber is sliced into slat which
grooves cut in them. Afterward, the well-dried leads are embedded in each groove
of slats and then the two slats are converted into one piece of sandwich by adding
some glue inside. Following that the sandwich of slats is cut to produce individual
pencils, which are then shaped to create a smooth finishing layer and finally end at
a fully worked-out pencil.
The flow chart illustrates the process of manufacturing pencils. Overall, this is
consist of two parallel sub processes called pencil leads and pencil cases.

There are three stages in the production of pencil leads, from raw materials to
semi-finished products. At the first stage, mixing ground graphite, clay and water
makes graphite dough and this mixture is then passed through a forming press to
transform into a long graphite rod. Next, this rod is cut into pencil-length leads
before they need drying by an oven with 800 degrees Celsius. At this point, the
semi-finished products are pencil leads, which are ready for producing in the next
step.

Meanwhile, the pencil cases are also prepared in the second sub process and are
combined with pencil leads from the first sub process. Lumber is sliced into slats
which grooves are cut in them. Afterwards, pencil leads are put into each groove of
the slat and then this slat is connected together with another slat on the top by some
glue, making a sandwich. Finally, these sandwiches are separated into pencils
before they enter a shaping machine to turn into the smooth finished pencils. The
end products now only need sharping to be available for use.
El Nino is the name of a warm ocean current that affects weather patterns on
both sides of the Pacific Ocean. The diagrams compare normal conditions in
the Pacific with El Nino conditions.
The given pictures describe the natural process of El Nino conditions and the
normal ones over the Pacific Ocean which seemingly affect the weather in
Australia and Peru.

It is clear that in El Nino conditions shift major natural patterns such as trade
winds, water flows and raining zone in Pacific Ocean. Alarmingly, there is a
deterioration in the weather of both Australia and Peru alike as the effect of El
Nino.

Regarding to some natural differences in terms of two conditions, while the usual
conditions are witnessed stronger trade winds in East Pacific, east-to-west flow of
water in Pacific Ocean and the more ubiquitous of the rain in west part of the
ocean simultaneously, it is far cry from those for El Nino conditions.
There are at least three effects that are caused by El Niño. In normal conditions,
Australia has a rainy season that leads to the cultivation of plants and the source of
cool seawater increases. Similarly, it is also likely to positive terms of creating a
lot of nutritious water, and more sunshine brought to the sea life in Peru. In
contrast, El Niño causes droughts in Australia, declining cool water and rain in
Peru, and a lower fish population.

The table below gives information about past and projected population
figures in various countries for different years. Summarize the information by
selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where
relevant.

Population (in millions)

Country 1990 1993 2000 2020 2050
Australia 17.1 17.7 19.2 22.7 26.0
Canada 26.6 28.5 31.0 36.9 39.0
New
3.4 3.5 3.8 4.3 4.7
Zealand
United 258. 320.
249.9 275.1 349.0
States 2 6

The given table compares a range of demographic data of four different regions
starting in 1990 up until projected growth for 2050. It is clear that the figure for the
USA completely predominated through the period which is totally averse to those
for New Zealand.

As can be seen from the chart, there was roughly 250 million American which was
by far the most densely populated countries compared to the infinitesimal figure of
3.4 million people in New Zealand in the year of 1990. After the span of 60 years
while New Zealand population is scarcely projected to reach a minor number of
4.7 million, the figure for the US followed to a significant growth by
approximately 100 million especially a leap from 1990 to 2000.

Looking for the remaining categories, the population of Australia rose from 17.1
million to 19.2 million between 1990 and 2000, then possibly peaks at 26 million
in the ending year. Similarly, there was 26.6 million Canadian in the year of 1990
then following to an upward trend and being expected to reach 39 million in 2050.
The table below gives information about the daily cost of water per person in
five different countries. (Figures are based on the minimum daily requirement
per person of 11.5 liters). Write a report for a university lecturer describing
the information below.

Cost of minimum daily water requirement by country

Country Daily cost per person Cost as percentage of

($) average daily wage
Tanzania 6.4 cents 5.7%
Uganda 4.1 cents 3.2%
Pakistan 1.76 cents 1.1%
UK 1.3 cents 0.013%
US 0.85 cents 0.006%

The given table illustrates the daily expense of water in terms of the minimum
daily requirement of a person (11.5 liters) of five different countries. It is clear that
people in the UK and the US have to bear a modest expense of their water
requirement per day and compared their average income which is significant
difference from those for three other developing countries.

To begin, spending on daily water of Tanzanian and Ugandan is noticed as the

highest data while the expenditure for water per day in the UK and the USA is
likely to be far fewer. This means Tanzanian and Ugandan pay roughly 5 cents,
American pay less at 0.85 cents per day.

These differences are even much greater when we consider the percentage of the
average daily wage this cost represents. There is an astonishing figure for water
cost based on Tanzanian and Ugandan average daily income, representing 5.7%
and 3.2% respectively. Interestingly, being paid a merely daily cost as those for the
UK (approximately 1.5 cents), the ratio of expense for water and daily wage in
Pakistan is far higher at 1.1% compared to 0.013% of the UK. Finally, American
expenditure for water is seemed to be unradical at 0.006% their daily wage.
The chart below shows the different types of goods and services purchased
online in Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom last year.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.

The bar chart compares the data of seven leading categories which are marketed
online in Australia, Canada and the UK in the previous year. It can be seen that the
figure for consumers purchasing in online flatform varied significantly in favor of
different types of items and countries.

To begin with, there was a far higher percentage of consumers in the UK make
online purchases than in the other indicated countries, with the exception of toys
and financial services. Indeed, Internet book sales in the UK exceeded those in
Australia and Canada by almost a third. A similar comparison of music sales
showed UK purchases to be almost double those of the other countries.

Another thing which stands out is that in all countries, purchases of certain
products were much higher than others. In the UK, 64% of consumers bought
music online, compared with only 2% for financial services. On the whole, sales of
entertainment goods and computer equipment were much higher than other goods
and services. These sales were roughly two to three times higher than goods such
as food/drink and toys.
The graphs below show where people first got their news, both about the
world and about local events, between 1987 and 1997.

Prepare a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown

below.
The figures for sources of world and local news for people in the UK in terms of
Newspaper, Television and Radio from the year of 1987 to 1997 are depicted in the
line graphs. It can be seen that there was a widely diffidence between the data of
local and global news except the obsolescence of radio throughout the indicated
period.

To begin, television was the most prevalent medium of global news in the UK in
1987, almost 2.5 and 7 times more than that from two remaining sources. Having
descended slightly by merely 5% in the year of 1989, the figure for TV recovered
immediately and remained at approximately 70% to the end. There was a fairly
stability in the percentage of print media and radio and ended at 20% and 9%
respectively.

Regarding to domestic news, in 1987, 56% people in the UK got their local news
from newspaper which far higher than just lower than 20% people preferring to TV
and radio. Interestingly, the figure for TV and radio shared the same volatile
pattern in first five year. While the percentage of TV was booming and doubled
after the period of 10 years, those for radio kept its minor data and bottomed at
11% in the end.
The diagram below shows the process for recycling plastic bottles.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and
make comparisons where relevant.
The given picture illustrates the process by which plastic bottles are reused.
Overall, it is clear that there is a cyclical process is completed in nine states;
required a variety of machines and skilled workers.

The cycle initiate with discarded plastic bottles in the recycling bins. Having
transfer to recycling center by trucks, the plastic bottles have been sorted to either
they are recyclable or not by workers. After that, recyclable bottles are compressed
into the blocks. In the stage, the plastic blocks are crushed with the help of grinder
machine and the crushed plastic are washed in the below tank.

Looking the following six stages, the clean pieces are soon poured into special
machine turned into heating pellets. Once there, the raw material is formed and
created from the melted pellets before is used to produce a variety of appliances
such as plastic bags, pens or T-shirts. After these products are used, they go
through the recycling process all over again.
The diagrams below show the design for a wind turbine and its location.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and
make comparisons where relevant.

The diagrams indicate how a wind turbine operate and eligible place to optimize its
productivity.

A wind turbine has an assembly of three long aerodynamic blades made of

fiberglass or wood mounted on a shaft. The shaft goes into a generator which
produces electric power. In terms of the generator, a wind sensor detects the speed
and direction of the wind. This entire assembly sits of top of a tall strong steel
tower and can be rotated so that the propeller faces directly into the wind. The
angle of the blades can also be adjusted. There is a control center nearby with a
computer that receives the sensor data and controls the turbine. Such a turbine can
generate 1.5 megawatts of power.

Looking to the remaining picture, these systems are able to be built offshore along
a high hill to obtain maximum wind strength where landscape cannot be spoiled.
Interestingly, there are smaller-scale wind turbines which generate merely 100
kilowatts of power for domestic house.
The table below gives information about the use of different modes of
transport in Shanghai in 1996, and one possible projection (high motorization
scenario) for their use in 2020.

Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.

Percentage of passenger kilometers by different modes of transport Shanghai.

Mode of Transport 1996 2020

(projection)
Walking 7% 3%
Bicycle 27% 3%
Scooter 12% 7%
Bus 39% 22%
Train - 13%
Car 15% 52%
Statistics of six different means of transport in Shanghai in the year of 1996 and
expecting scenario in 2020 are depicted in the chart. On the whole, there is seem a
volatility of travelers’ preference in the indicated years. Alarmingly, while the
figure for cars is expected to nominate in the projection of 2020, walking and
bicycle will end at a minor fraction.

As is shown in the table, the proportion of the travelers kilometers accounted for
bus in 1996 was twice as high as those in 2020 at 39% and 22% respectively.
Similarly, it is also witnessed a sharp descend in the fraction of walking, bicycle
and scooter, predicted at south of 10% in the year of 2020.

By contrast, having begun at merely 15%, the figure for car is foreseen to be over
the half of total passenger kilometers in 2020. Interestingly, without any data in
1996, the proportion of train will be roughly 13%.

The use of car

Passenger kilometer= distance cover

Will probably likely to

The bar chart below shows employment figures in different tourism-related
industries between 2009 and 2019.

The figures for labor forces in terms of sports, culture, travel, food and hotel which
are related to tourism industries in the year of 2009 and 2019 are depicted in the
graph. On the whole, there was an ascend in almost indicated categories, except
sector of culture after period of ten years.

Travel represented the biggest area of expansion, having almost doubled its
number of employees by 2019. The food industry also saw a significant increase,
from 283,000 employees in 2009 to 357,000 in 2019, while the sports industry
enjoyed an almost equal level of growth.

By contrast, the least successful sector was culture, including museums and art
galleries, where the figures actually fell slightly over the period. Similarly,
occupation of hotel and other accommodation witnessed a slightly growth by
merely 6 thousand throughout the period of ten years.
The bar charts below give information on road transport in a number of
European countries.

Summaries the information by selecting and reporting the main features and
make comparisons where relevant.

The graphs indicate methods of travel and commuting times for six European
countries, as well as the average figure for the European Union. It is clear that
Italian is belonging to a considerable modest data of commuting time.
Interestingly, Danish would much prefer to public transport compared to other
regions, simultaneously, their statistic of the number of kilometers travelling by car
per year is also the highest at a narrow margin.

Perhaps surprisingly, the Danish also make far greater use of alternative transport
than people in other countries, travelling over 3,000 kilometers a year by bus, tram,
metro or bike, which is more than double the EU average. By comparison, the
British and French travel less than a third of that distance by public transport.

When it comes to commuting times, British and German drivers spend

approximately 47 minutes each day traveling to work, which is more than any
other country. In Italy, on the other hand, where many more people would prefer to
use public transport, commuting times are remarkably lower than the average of
European countries.
The flowchart below shows how black and white photos are produced.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.

The flow chart indicates that in order to produce photographs from a digital
camera, three main pieces of equipment are needed: the camera, a computer and a
printer.

In the first stage, images are recorded by digital camera using a smart card. Having
downloaded to computer, the images can be sorted out and improved the quality
throughout editing step. Editing includes cutting, improving and formatting.

Once the editing has been completed, the pictures able to be transmitted either by
forward to receivers by e-mail or by storing on CD. Alternatively, the pictures may
be sent to printer to produce photographic papers. The image may be printed out at
formats of color photos and even black and white photos.

Overall, a photo taken by digital camera can be further processed in various steps
to final product.
The charts below show the world traffic volume measure in passenger-
kilometer-miles.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and
make comparisons where relevant.

The given pie charts detail the proportion of passenger kilometer covered by three
typical modes of transport in world span in 1990, 2020 and expected to 2050.

It is obvious that total traffic volume at 23.4 trillion pkm in 1990 has always
sharply ascended by roughly two times in 2020 and four times in the year of 2050.
Interestingly, the proportion of high-speed transport is predicted to booming
throughout the periods.

We can see that there was above half of total volume for cars, was by far the most
preference means of transport in 1990. Following that, the figure for car
experienced a gradually diminishing to approximately 35% after the period of 60
years. By contrast, having began at minor fraction (9%), the fraction of high-speed
transport represented a quarter of overall measurement in 2020 and be expected to
end at 41% in 2050.

Regarding the remaining categories, Buses and Railways both lost their popularity
throughout the indicated years. The formers experienced a dramatical decrease
from approximately 30% in 1990 to 20% in the year of 2050. The latter was
always recorded as a minor portion was not above 10% of total market share.
The charts below provide information about energy generation by fuel type in
Florida in two separate years.

The data of fuel type in terms of six typical sources in Florida in the years of 2007
and expected to 2017.

Overall, while the figure for energy resources in Florida varied significantly,
natural gas always held a predominant fraction throughout period of 10 years.

The most striking feature of the chart is the dominance of natural gas as a generator
of energy in both indicated years. This type of fuel generated 38.8% of the energy
in 2007 and is expected to account for above half of total market after 10 years.
Similarly, the figure for nuclear power is predicted to have a slightly increment,
going from 11.9% to 15.9%.

Although the proportion of coal energy was recorded at second place in the initial
year (29.3%), it is anticipated to descent by approximately 6% in the year of 2017.
Oil and other fuel types are also predicted to suffer a significant decrease in energy
output by 2017, from 6.7% to 1.1% and 11.1% to 3.4% respectively. Finally,
renewables created the least amount of power overall with minor fraction at
roughly 2% in both two indicated period.
The diagram below shows the production of a lead pencil.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.

The diagram illustrates how pencils are produced. Overall, there are two main sub-
processes from growing timber to the manufactural phase of generating definite pencils.

Firstly, the seeds are cultivated in nurseries before being planted four months later. After
three years the plantation is thinned out, facilitating further growth and improving the
quality of the wood. Once the trees are fourteen years old, they are ready to be used in
the manufacturing of pencils and are thus cut down to make logs.

The wood obtained is cut into thin pieces, treated in order to dry it out, and then left sixty
days until it is ready for the next phase of production. At this stage, a groove is cut into
the slat and a special glue is injected. After that, black lead is put into the slat. This is
followed by the placement of an empty slat on top to form a sandwich, which is heated
and hard-pressed. Via this step the two slats are converted into one piece which is then
cut to produce individual pencils. Finally, these are printed, sharpened and stamped
before being packaged and distributed for sale.

The diagram below shows the life cycle of the salmon.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.

How salmon grow from eggs to mature individuals is depicted in the diagram.

Overall, there are three main stages in the life cycle of salmon starting with salmon eggs
in the upper river and the complete cycle lasts for approximately 10 years.

Firstly, salmon begins life as eggs in the slow-moving upper reaches of a river,
surrounded by reeds and pebbles. This shelter usually keeps the eggs safe for about five
to six months before they hatch. The newborn fish normally called “fry” are very small,
which are only three to eight centimeters long. The fry then follows the fast flow to the
lower river and stay there for 4 years until they reach the length of twelve to fifteen
centimeters. These grown fish are known as “smolt”.

At the next stage of the life cycle, the ‘smolt’ migrate to the open sea. After
approximately 5 years living in the ocean, these ‘smolt’ will have grown to adult size,
which is about 70-76 centimeters. Their reproductive stage then begins as the mature
salmon swims back to their birthplace and lays eggs. The salmon’s life cycle starts again
at the same place where it begins.
The maps below show an industrial area in the town of Norbiton and planned future
development of the site.

Contemporary and future blueprints of industrial area in Norbiton are depicted in the
picture.

Overall, it seems to be a reformation from an industrial area to a residential quarter.

Interestingly, this area is expected to modernize with the enhancement of transportation
system and even other public infrastructures.

Looking into more details, some portion of the farmland in the north will be connected to
the existing landmass by constructing a bridge over the river and developed to make
housing space.

In the main streets, all factory spaces are planned to be demolished to make a room for
housing and public facilities. There will be a newly branch road throughout the northwest
of the central roundabout and together with some erecting building lines along this road.
In the future, the roundabout will remain but the factories around it will become shops
and a new hospital built to two opposite corners of the crossroads. Furthermore, the
original road going to the east will also now have housing on either side along with a
large playground to the north and a school at the easternmost border of the town. Lastly,
the existing road in the south of the map will divided in to two by laying a small
roundabout to connect it to the existing one.
The pie charts below give information about the household expenditure of an
average US family in different years.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.