Description and a djustment instructions

” C O SIM AT N + ” voltage regulator

for DS G and DI G alternators
Description of ” COSIMAT N + ”
1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2. Brief summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 G eneral dia gram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2 Adjusting elements and their effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4 O ptimising the regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3. Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.1 Block dia gram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
3.2 Power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.3 Monitoring alternator voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.4 Desired value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
3.5 Droop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.6 C ontrol amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.7 Additional functions of the ” C O SIM AT N +” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.7.1 Underspeed protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.7.2 Protection functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.8 Power sta ge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

4. Transfer function of the ”COSIMAT N+ ” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

5. Special functions and additional equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3

5.1 Stand-by and emergency manual switchover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 3
5.2 Additional modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 4

6. Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

7. Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 9

8. Diagrams of connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
8.1 Assembly for DS G alternators 5 2 – 7 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8.2 Assembly for DS G alternators 8 6 – 1 2 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
8.3 Assembly for DI G medium-volta ge alternators with U N ≤ 1 1.5 kV . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
8.4 Assembly for DI G medium-volta ge alternators with U N > 1 1.5 kV . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
8.5 De-excitation circuit on the ” C O SIMAT N +” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
8.6 Monitoring field current and volta ge on the ” C O SIM AT N +” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

9. Connections, adjusting elements and displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

9.1 C onnections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
9.2 Adjusting elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
9.3 Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

10. Start-up of the ”COSIMAT N+ ” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

1 0 .1 Basic setting and visual check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1 0 .2 Desired value setting range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1 0 .3 Regulating parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1 0 .4 Underspeed protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
1 0 .5 Droop adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

11. Important notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

1 1 .1 Protection concept for external mounting of regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
1 1 .2 Mounting the regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
1 1 .3 Excitation build-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
1 1 .4 C ode switch S2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
1 1 .5 Droop switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
1 1 .6 Changing the direction of rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
1 1 .7 Synchronous motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
1 1 .8 Protection fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
1 1 .9 Drying out the alternator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
1 1 .1 0 External power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
1 1 .1 1 4 0 0 H z alternators and converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
1 1 .1 2 Checking the insulation volta ge of the electric machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
1 1 .1 3 Exchange / replacement; ” C O SIMAT N / N 3” by ” C O SIM AT N +” . . . . . . . . . . . 32
1 1 .1 4 M alfunctions, causes and remedies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

12. List of figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6

1. General W ith the use of additional modules it is possible to intervene
in set-point and actual value formation via the ” C O SIMAT N +”
The ” C O SIM AT N +” is a compact volta ge regulator designed signal inputs:
to control synchronous alternators both in single and parallel
operation. There are a large number of additional modules available for
a wide variety of control applications e.g.
In single operation, the alternator voltage is held constant
irrespective of power, frequency and temperature. ● cos phi regulation of a synchronous alternator or motor

W hen operated in parallel with the mains or with other or

alternators, a stable re active power is produced.
● Limitation of start-up current when connecting up a large
Via its power sta ge, the ” C O SIM AT N +” adjusts the excitation asynchronous motor to the alternator
current to match the operating conditions.
or
The main fe atures of the ” C O SIM AT N +” are:
● C able compensation via load current detection or mea-
● Integrated measuring transformers for three-phase me as- sured value of the external alternator voltage.
urement of the alternator volta ge up to 5 0 0 V A C
(external conductor volta ge). Its additional modules make the "C O SIMAT N +" suita ble for
various applications on test rigs, in power-train technology
● Stable reactive power thanks to current-volta ge vector etc. (see 5.2 Additional modules).
me asuring system (droop). A load-relieved current trans-
former is required in alternator phase ”V”.

● Internal and external alternator voltage set-point ad-

justment.

● PID control amplifier with large adjustment range.

● Disproportionate drop in desired value when alternator

operates at underfrequency.

● Permanent monitoring of the actuator and time limit on

the max. possible excitation current.

● Internal protection devices trip whenever a fault occurs,

thus separating the excitation field from its energy source.

● C omp a ct construction with interchange a ble pow er

sta ge .

● Fully potted in to protect it from environmental effects.

● Long life thanks to high-quality components.

2
2. Brief summary
2.1 General-arrangement diagram

Figure 1 – G eneral-arrangement dia gram

3
2.2 Adjusting elements and their effects

Figure 2 – Adjusting elements

4
2.3 Start-up

Figure 3 - Start-up

5
2.4 Optimisation of the regulator It is not necessary to adjust the D parameter in order to
optimise the control properties. It is generally determined just
To optimise regulation, it is necessary to connect loads to the once, in accordance with the size of the alternator. In the case
alternator. of alternators > 1 MVA, switch S2 .4 is switched to the O N
position.
To allow the trend of the control property following a change
in the P or I parameter to be evaluated, the load connected To decide whether the D parameter should be incre ased
must be reproducible. beyond this, it is necessary to take specific me asurements of
the alternator volta ge and at the output of the regulator.
The factor with the greatest general significance in achieving
an optimum regulating system is an overshoot amplitude xm Satisfactory optimisation of the regulator will normally be
which is as small as possible. The essential criterion in the achieved by the free adjustment of the P and I parameters.
evaluation of the regulating process with respect to time is the
settling time t aus .

To follow the trend of the control property, use an oscilloscope

to monitor the manipulated variable.

The "C O SIM AT N +" regulator allows ”free” adjustment of the

P and I parameters. The D parameter can be switched over
in two sta ges using code switch S2 .4 .

Figure 4 – Characteristic quantities of the regulating system

Figure 5 – Trend of the control property

6
3. Functional description
3.1 Block diagram

Figure 6 – Block diagram

7
3.2 Po wer supply 3.3 Monitoring alternator voltage

Power is supplied to the "C O SIMAT N +" by means of The "C O SIM AT N +" measures alternator volta ges from 9 0 to
so-called auxiliary excitation volta ges, which are produced 5 0 0 V A C (external conductor volta ge) within two selectable
in the alternators. The excitation energy and the supply ranges by means of an internal three-phase me asuring trans-
voltage for the "C O SIMAT N +" are derived from the auxiliary former.
excitation volta ges.
To me asure higher volta ges, corresponding voltage transfor-
In the case of AvK alternators in Series DS G and DI G with mers must be connected in series.
U N ≤ 1 1 .5 kV, the "C O SIMAT N +" is supplied with power
via two single-phase auxiliary windings, which are inserted Signal input N allows intervention into the internal formation
into the main stator. The windings are designated UH 1 / UH 2 of the actual value.
and W H 1 / W H 2 .
The secondary A C measurement voltage of the measuring
The voltages UH 1 and UH 2 are offset by 9 0° with respect transformer is converted into a D C volta ge, smoothed, condi-
to W H 1 and W H 2 and are 8 0 V A C ± 2 0 % at the nominal tioned and output as an actual value to the regulator circuit.
voltage of the alternator.
The measured value which is produced corresponds to the
In the case of AvK alternators belonging to Series DI G with arithmetic mean of the rectified three-phase A C measurement
U N > 1 1.5 kV, the "C O SIMAT N +" is supplied with power volta ge.
via a two-phase auxiliary exciter machine. The windings are
designated UH 1, UH 2, UH 3 and W H 1 , W H 2 . Three-phase me asurement allows for asymmetric loads.

The voltages UH 1 and UH 2 are offset by 9 0° with respect Note:

to W H 1 and W H 2 and are 8 0 V A C ± 2 0 % at the nominal For non-linear loads (static thyristor converter or rectifier),
speed of the machine. additional module TF (RC – low-pass filter) is recommended
as a me asuring adapter. High non-linear loads may
The above-mentioned auxiliary exciter windings UH 1 and require overdimensioning of the alternator.
UH 2 and W H 1 and W H 2 are plugged into the correspon-
dingly designated terminals of the "C O SIM AT N +":
3.4 Desired value
Special application
Three-phase auxiliary exciter machine The desired value for the "C O SIM AT N +" is taken from a
If a three-phase auxiliary exciter machine is used, the winding temperature-compensated reference source.
terminals are designated UH 1-VH 1- W H 1 . The external con-
ductor voltage is 3 x 7 5 V A C ± 2 0 % at the nominal speed The signal input ”n” allows intervention in the internal formation
of the machine. of the desired value.

Special application The reference voltage reaches the set-point potentiometer R 4

External po wer supply mounted on the front end of the "C O SIM AT N +". This
The "C O SIM AT N +" can also be operated with a constant potentiometer allows coarse adjustment of the alternator
external volta ge. It is generally supplied via a three-phase volta ge over a wide range (= ”approximate” desired value).
transformer (Yy 0) with a secondary volta ge of 3 x 7 5 V A C
± 2 0 %. The nominal power should be at least 5 0 0 VA. In parallel operation of the alternator, the reference volta ge
is influenced by the droop-me asuring system (see 3.5 Droop)
and, in the case of underfrequency, by the underspeed
protection.

A set-point potentiometer can be connected to the "C OSIMAT N +"

Caution: for external adjustment of the desired value.

If the auxiliary excitation voltage is taken This potentiometer is used for fine adjustment of the alternator
from a constant "external" power source (e.g. volta ge (= ”exact” desired value).
the mains), the supply must be switched on
only after the alternator has been started. The adjustment range is limited to ± 5 % to ± 1 0 % around
W hen sw itching off the alternator, the the nominal value, depending on the potentiometer used.
supply should be switched off before the
machine comes to a halt (see 11.10 External The ES additional module allows the adjustment range of the
po wer supply). external set-point potentiometer to be extended from remanence
to the nominal voltage.

8
If the ES module is used on AvK alternators, the regulator If, when the alternator is connected in parallel, the fixed mains
system must be provided with an external power supply. This forces it down to a figure which is 6 % lower, the reactive
must be decided on a case by case basis, depending on the current is inductive and equivalent to 1 0 0 % of the nominal
application and the excitation system used (auxiliary excitati- alternator current.
on windings or auxiliary excitation machine?)
In parallel operation, regulation of the synchronous alternator
is made possible by the droop sensing signal.
3.5 Droop For stand-alone operation, adjustment is performed on the test
rig using a re active load. The droop effect is set to 3 %.
O nce an alternator has been connected in parallel, volta ge
regulation is no longer possible because the system volta ge The droop sensing signal in the "C O SIM AT N +" influences
is fixed. The slightest fluctuation in the system voltage would the desired value and is produced by me ans of a geometrical
lead to the alternator producing reactive current > I N . addition of the external conductor volta ge U- W and a
current-dependent volta ge signal from the V phase.
To stabilise the alternator re active current it is therefore
necessary to have a me asured variable which is dependent In AvK synchronous machines, the corresponding current
on the re active current and incorporates the magnitude of the transformer is located in phase V. The K side of the transfor-
current and the reactive power (inductive or capacitive). This mers points tow ards the alternator’s main winding (see Figure
me asured varia ble is introduced at the addition point (com- 6 – Block diagram).
parison point of the desired value and the actual value) of the
control amplifier circuit. Internally load-relieved bushing-type transformers are used.

This produces a static droop control characteristic, which The outlet end of the secondary connections ( = potted end
represents the relationship between: of the transformer) is the primary-side K point (= current input).

the change in the alternator voltage in relation to the nominal The wire marked in white is the secondary-side k point.
volta ge and
the change in the alternator reactive current in relation to the The secondary connections k and I of the droop current
nominal current. transformer should be plugged into the correspondingly mar-
ked terminals of the "C O SIMAT N +".
The droop is represented by the slope of the characteristic
curve produced i.e. is the quotient of the above ratio. In the case of alternators for parallel and stand-alone opera-
tion, the me asuring input k – I can be short-circuited by me ans
In the "C O SIMAT N +" a linear droop characteristic is gene- of a switch for stand-alone operation. This gives better voltage
rated. The droop effect can be adjusted from 0 to 6 % using stability (see 8 . Diagrams of connections, 1 1.5 Droop
the potentiometer R 7. switch).

Example: The droop sensing system of the "C O SIM AT N +" is matched
In the case of an inductive reactive current of 1 0 0 % of the to the nominal current of the alternator by means of potentio-
nominal current of the alternator and with the droop set to 6 %, meter R 6 .
the alternator voltage is reduced by 6 %.

Caution:

For the droop sensing system to function

correctly, the "COSIMAT N +" requires a
clock wise rotating field at its measurement
voltage terminals. If the direction of rotation
is reversed, measuring leads U and W
should be interchanged.

3.6 Control amplifier

The control amplifier of the "C O SIM AT N +" has a PID

characteristic. The parameter of the I section can be varied
in steps from 1 to F using switch S 1 . During this process, the
integration time constant increases.
Figure 7 – Droop characteristic

9
 kink point” is set to 0.9 5 x f N . Above the kink point, volta ge
Caution: regulation is constant.

Switch position 0 is not allowed; never pass The volta ge reduction is delayed by about 2 seconds to
through 0. eliminate the effect of transient drops in the speed of the drive
machine.

The parameter of the P section can be varied by means of In exceptional circumstances, the underspeed protection fun-
potentiometer R 1. During this process, the adjustment range ction can be de activated by me ans of code switch S2.2 (see
shown in Figure 8 should not be exceeded. 9 .2 Adjusting elements).

Caution:

For standard applications of the "COSIMAT N +",

the underspeed protection function must be
active and correctly set. Code switch S2.2
must be in the ” O N ” position.

The underspeed protection function is active on 5 0 / 6 0 Hz

alternators. For other nominal frequencies, the UF module
should be used or the alternator should be deexcited when
being shut down.

Figure 8 – P adjustment range

Further adjustment in the clockwise direction leads to hunting,

while further adjustment in the anticlockwise direction leads
to control errors.

The D parameter can be changed by switching code switch

S2.4 to the ” O N ” position. This incre ases the effect of the D
parameter, as required by larger alternators (DI G and DS G
7 4 ... 1 2 5).

The D parameter can furthermore be varied at the ”D- O pt.”

optimisation points. At the specified polarity, a capacitor can
additionally be soldered in.

W hen installing additional D-section capacitors, it is important

to note their polarity (electrolyte capacitor) and nominal
voltage (= 3 5 V D C ). The maximum recommended value is
1 5 0 µF.

Figure 9 – Underspeed protection

3.7 Additional functions of the "COSIMAT N+"
3 .7 .2 Protective functions
3.7.1 Underspeed protection
The auxiliary exciter windings (see 3.2 Power supply) have a
W hile a drive machine (motor or turbine) is w arming up, the very high short-circuit capacity. If the actuator is faulty, the
alternator is operated at underfrequency. To prevent overexci- high short-circuit power involved may cause severe damage.
tation and thermal damage in the exciter system, the "C O SI-
M AT N +" allows frequency-dependent reduction of the To prevent this damage, the "C O SIM AT N +" has two protecti-
regulator’s desired value or alternator voltage in accord ance ve functions which monitor its actuator and prevent overloa-
with a line ar function (see Figure 9 – Underspeed protection). ding of the exciter system:

The point at which the voltage drops is defined by a corre-

sponding frequency value set by me ans of R3. The reduction
for underspeed is indicated by H 1 . Before delivery, the ”U / f

10
Time limitation of the maximum excitation cur- 3.8 Po wer stage
rent
The power sta ge of the "C O SIMAT N +" provides an excita-
W hen the actuator is fully on, the excitation current tion current that corresponds to the output signal of the control
re aches a maximum. amplifier.

If this state is allowed to continue, the exciter system will A M O SFET transistor is used as the actuator, with pulse width
be damaged. modulation, i.e. the turn-on time varies but the switching
frequency remains constant.
However, the fully-on state only occurs in the case of
compensating processes or short circuits at the main The excitation energy is taken from the rectified supply
terminals of the alternator. voltage, the rectifier circuit being located in the power sta ge.
It allows the rectification of two single-phase or three-phase
The monitoring system of the "C O SIM AT N +" limits supply voltages (see 3.2 Power supply).
maximum excitation to 8 to 1 0 seconds.
There is a short-circuit thyristor in the D C circuit. The protective
After this, the protection circuit isolates the exciter field circuit of the "C O SIM AT N +" switches this thyristor on if faults
from the source of excitation energy by tripping the occur in the control circuit. The resulting short-circuit current
protection fuses. trips the two protection fuses on the front plate of the "C O SI-
MAT N +" and the exciter field is isolated from the source of
Checking the direction of action of the control excitation energy.
amplifier and the actuator
Fuse:
This fe ature monitors the positioning transistor for short 1 0 A super quick-acting
circuits. 3 2 mm x 6.3 mm ø
IEC G 1 4 4 .4 0 0
Short-circuiting of the positioning transistor lea ds to maxi-
mum excitation. The control amplifier tries to counteract
this but has no effect on the faulty actuator. The actuator
and the control amplifier act in opposite directions and Caution:
the fuses trip immediately.
Replacement fuses must be of the above type.
The following circumstances also lead to maximum excitation The power stage may suffer permanent dama-
and can trip the fuses: ge if the wrong type of fuse is used.

● Faulty sensor leads

The power sta ge is located on a profiled heat sink. It is
● De activated or incorrectly adjusted underspeed protecti- plugged into the regulator and screwed into the substructure
on function of the "C O SIM AT N +" .

● Short circuit in the I1 / K1 exciter lead To ensure adequate cooling for the power semi-conductors in
the power stage, you must follow the instructions in Chapter
● Faulty exciter rectifier in the "C O SIM AT N +" 1 1 .2 Mounting the regulator.

● Extreme overloading of the alternator (short circuit) if this

has not been switched off after 8 to 1 0 seconds.

The protection device integrated into the "C O SIM AT N +"

responds to a large number of defects and faults.

Note:
Additional module ER1 can be used to limit the excitation
current when the alternator is operated in parallel.

11
4. Transfer function of the "COSIMAT N+"

Figure 1 0 – Equivalent control circuit diagram

There are three w ays of influencing the control parameters in The time constant of the input low-pass filter is:
the "C O SIM AT N +” :
TP1 = 3 .6 2 ms
Potentiometer R1 (5 0 0 kΩ) for changing the P parameter. At
the right-hand stop, R1 is 0Ω. The time constant of the output low-pass filter is:

Switch S1 for changing the I parameter in 1 5 steps (from 0.2 2 TP2 = 0 .2 6 8 x T2

to 3.8 5 µF) each of 0.2 2 µF (C 1).

Code switch S2.4 for increasing the D parameter from 1 0.1 µF

(S2.4 = O FF) to 3 2.1 µF (S2.4 = O N ) (C 2).

The individual parameters in the equivalent circuit diagram

(see Figure 1 0 – Equivalent control circuit dia gram) can be
calculated as follows:

T1 = R1 x C 1
T2 = 6,8 kΩ x C 2
T3 = 2 2 kΩ x C 1

TI = T1 + T2

TD = T1 x T2
T1 + T2

K1 = 2 ,5 6 T1 + T2
T3

K2 = 7 1 6 ,1 ms x K 1
Tl

K3 = 1 = 0,0 6 6
15

12
5. Special functions a nd a d dition al
equipment
5.1 Stand-by and emergency manual switchover

W here higher availability is required, there are ”stand-by”

circuits.

Stand-by circuits contain two "C O SIM AT N +" voltage regula-

tors.

The alternator is regulated by one of these regulators (main

regulator). If this regulator is defective, it is possible to switch
to the second (stand-by) regulator.

Stand-by circuits are available in either manual or automatic

form.

M anual stand-by circuit (SB1)

In the event of a malfunction, a changeover switch permits

the stand-by regulator to be selected.

The changeover switch switches over all the signals ap art

from the sensing volta ge and supply connections UH 2
(VH 1) and W H 2 .

Automatic stand-by circuit (SB2)

The stand-by circuit monitors the main regulator.

Common operating variables with respect to the response

of the regulator allow fault detection and switchover to
the stand-by regulator.

The stand-by regulator operates in simulated control

mode and is likewise monitored.

The switch between the two regulators can take place

during the operation of the alternator and can be perfor-
med manually, by me ans of a test function or, in the case
of a malfunction, automatically.

13
6. Technical data

GENERAL DATA Type : fully potted aluminium housing incl. power stage
M aintenance : maintenance-free
Rated switch-on time : continuous operation
Installation position : mount with longitudinal axis vertical at
convectional cooling or longitudinal axis
in air flow direction at fan cooling
Installation clearance : 3 cm all round
(see 1 1.2 Mounting the regulator)

MEASURIN G CIRCUITS Alternator voltage

N ominal volta ge : 9 0 ... 2 5 0 V A C / 2 5 0 ... 5 0 0 V A C
Frequency : 5 0 ... 4 0 0 H z
Power consumption : 4 VA / 6 VA

Droop current sensing

(Voltage input)
Voltage at I N : 3 ... 7 V A C
Power consumption : 0.1 5 ... 0 .3 5 W

AUXILIARY CIRCUITS Supply voltage : 2 x single-phase 8 0 V A C ±2 0 %

or
1 x three-phase 7 5 V A C ±2 0 %
Power consumption : depending on excitation requirement
N ominal frequency : 5 0 ... 1 2 0 0 Hz

OUTPUT CIRCUITS Actuator

Intermediate circuit volta ge U ZK : 8 5 to 1 3 0 V D C
(dependent on the supply volta ge)
C ontinuous excitation current : 7 AD C (continuous)
Minimum field resistance RIK : 5Ω (cold)
Minimum required
field time constant τIK : 0.0 6 s
Short circuit exciter current : 2 0 AD C for 5 seconds
(at RIK = Ω5 and U ZK = 1 0 0 VD C)
Protective fuse : 1 0 A-FF / 2 5 0 V – 6 .3 x 3 2

ACCURACY C ontrol accuracy : ±1 % at 0 to 6 0 °C

±5 % speed fluctuations and
apparent power 0 ... 1 0 0 %

TESTS Vibration test : G erman Lloyd category 2

EMV : CE-compliant in accordance with E N 5 0 0 8 1
and E N 5 0 0 8 2

AMBIENT CO NDITIO NS Stora ge temperature : - 4 0 ... + 7 0 °C

O perating temperature : -2 5 ... + 7 0 °C
(Special version "C O SIMAT N +T"
- 5 5 ... + 7 0 °C)

HOUSIN G, DIMENSIO NS,

WEIGHT AND INSTALLATIO N Height x width x depth : 1 2 1 x 1 1 5 x 1 6 2.5 mm
Fixing : 4 M 6 bolts, washers and circlips
W eight : 2 kg

18
7. Dimensions

Figure 2 5 – Dimensions

19
8. Diagrams of connections
Legend for diagrams of connections

F1 C ircuit breakers for G 3

Operate only when stationary

G1 M ain machine

G2 Exciter / excitation windings

G3 Auxiliary windings / Auxiliary exciter machine

R11 / V3 Rotating varistor

T24 Voltage transformer for regulator

Must be disconnected if the star
point of G1 is open

T32 Voltage transformer for G 3

with integrated circuit bre aker F1
Operate F1 only when stationary!

V1 Rotating rectifier

X1 M ain terminals

X2 – 6 Terminal strip

U1 "C O SIMAT N +" volta ge regulator

R3 Underspeed protection

R4 Internal desired value

R1 P component

S1 I component

R7 Droop adjustment

R6 Droop transformer matching

R1 Desired value potentiometer alternator

voltage (R = 5 0 0Ω)

T6 Droop transformer

20
8.1 Assembly for DSG alternators 52 - 74

Figure 2 6 – Internal mounting, DS G alternators 5 2 – 7 4

Figure 2 7 – External mounting, DS G alternators 5 2 – 7 4

21
8.2 Assembly for DSG alternators 86 – 125

Figure 2 8 – Internal mounting, DS G alternators 8 6 – 1 2 5

Figure 2 9 – External mounting, DS G alternators 8 6 – 1 2 5

22
8.3 Assembly for DIG medium-voltage alternators with U N ≤ 11.5 kV

Figure 3 0 - Internal mounting, DI G medium-volta ge alternators with U N ≤ 1 1.5 kV

Figure 3 1 - External mounting, DI G medium-voltage alternators with U N ≤ 1 1 .5 kV

23
8.4 Assembly for DIG medium-voltage alternators with U N >11.5 kV

Figure 3 2 - Internal mounting, DI G medium-voltage alternators with U N > 1 1 .5 kV

Figure 3 3 - External mounting, DI G medium-volta ge alternators with U N > 1 1.5 kV

24
8.5 De-excitation circuit on the "COSIMAT N +" 8.6 Monitoring field current and voltage on the
"COSIMAT N+"
If a de-excitation circuit is fitted, the bridges on the double
terminals UH 1 / UH 1’ and W H 1 / W H 1’ should be removed. The "C O SIMAT N +" is provided with double terminals I1 / I1’
Switch contacts should be connected to the double terminals and K1 / K1’ to allow the exciter field to be connected. Bridge
to de-excite the alternator when they open (see Figure 3 4 – I1 / I1’ must be removed to allow the field current and voltage
De-excitation circuit). These de-excitation contacts must meet to be monitored (see Figure 3 5 – Field current / field voltage
the following specification: monitoring).

Current carrying capacity:1 0 AA C The me asuring range for field volta ge monitoring is 1 5 0 VD C ;
Volta ge carrying capacity:1 6 0 V A C for field current monitoring it is 1 0 AD C . Rotary coil or
moving-iron instruments are recommended. Under certain
The switch elements used must have dust-protected contact conditions, digital instruments may give false readings.
chambers. Ensure that contact resistance is low – the contacts
must be sensitive to low-level signals. Note:
In the case of AvK alternators (DS G 8 6 – 1 2 5, DI G ),
Note:
there are connecting terminals for monitoring the field
O ne of the factors which determines the build-up of
current and voltage on terminal strip X2 .
excitation is the quality of these contacts.
O n AvK alternators (DS G 8 6 – 1 2 5, DI G ), connecting
terminals for de-excitation are provided in the auxiliary
terminal box (see legend of the order-specific circuit
diagram).

Figure 3 4 - De-excitation circuit

Figure 3 5 - Field current / field volta ge monitoring

25
9. Connections, adjusting elements and Monitoring droop current:
displays
k–I
9.1 Connections
4 .8 x 0 .8 mm flat plugs and / or 2.5 mm 2 / 4 mm Ø screw
terminals
Voltage supply:

UH1 Caution:
UH2 (VH1)
W H1 Measuring input k – I is not a current input;
W H2 standard transformers should be load-relieved
accordingly.
4.8 x 0.8 mm flat plugs and / or 2.5 mm 2 / 4mm Ø screw
terminals

Supply can be 2 x single-phase (8 0 V A C ± 2 0 %) or The droop current transformer must be installed in the "V"
phase of the alternator.
three-phase (7 5 V A C ± 2 0 % external conductor volta ge).
Internally load-relieved droop current transformers are
2 x single-phase = UH 1-UH 2 , W H 1- W H 2
used in AvK alternators.
three-phase = UH 1-VH 1- W H 1
At the nominal current of the alternator, a voltage of 3 to
For de-excitation circuits, the bridges on the double
7 V A C is required at the terminals k – I (see 3.5 Droop
terminals must be removed (see 8 .5 De-excitation circuit
and 6 . Technical Data).
or order-specific circuit dia gram).
C onnecting leads to the transformer must be shielded if
Caution:
the regulator is installed externally. C onnecting leads to
the short-circuit droop switch (see 1 1.5 Droop switch)
If there is an external po wer supply (e.g.
should be shielded in all cases. The shield should be
from the mains), it must not be switched on
earthed at one end on the "C O SIM AT N +" (see 8 .
until after the alternator has run up. It
Dia grams of connections).
should be switched off before the machine
has come to a halt (see 11.10 External
po wer supply).
Exciter field:

I1 – K1
Measuring alternator voltage:
4 .8 x 0 .8 mm flat plugs and / or 2.5 mm 2 / 4 mm Ø screw
U-V- W 250 to 500 V AC terminals as double terminal.
U-V- W 90 to 250 V AC
If the regulator is mounted externally, the I1 / K1 field leads to
6.3 x 0.8 mm flat plugs the alternator must be run through a separately shielded cable
(LSY CY or LIYC Y).
Caution:
The shield should be earthed at one end on the "C O SIM AT N +"
(see 8. Dia grams of connections).
A clock wise rotary field is required. If the
alternator rotates anticlock wise, U and W
should be interchanged (see 3.5 Droop).
External set-point potentiometer

The specified volta ge ranges relate to the nominal exter- s–t

nal conductor volta ge of the alternator. For higher volta-
ges, appropriate me asuring transducers with a design 4 .8 x 0 .8 mm flat plugs and / or 2.5 mm 2 / 4 mm Ø
rating of 1 0 VA should be connected on the input side screw terminals as double terminal.
(see 3 .3 Monitoring alternator voltage).
The value of the set-point potentiometer determines the
The applicable voltage range should be taken from the adjustment range:
order-specific circuit dia gram. For DI G alternators with
U N > 1 kV, the range 9 0 – 2 5 0 V A C is generally chosen. 2 5 0 Ω = about ± 5 %
C onsult AvK before initial start-up if required. 5 0 0 Ω = about ± 1 0 %

26
 The rated power of the potentiometer must be at least 1 This potential is not connected when the "C O SIMAT N +"
W . A multiple-turn potentiometer must be used (see 3.4 is used for standalone operation.
Desired value).

If the regulator or the set-point potentiometer is mounted 9.2 Adjusting elements

externally, the set-point lea d must be provided with its
own separate shield. The shield should be earthed at one Underspeed protection
end on the "C O SIM AT N +" . If the regulator is mounted
externally and the set-point leads are longer than > 1 0 m, R3
a motor-actuated potentiometer should be used near to
the "C O SIMAT N +" . 2 5-gang trim potentiometer

Function:
Control inputs: Adjustment of the frequency-dependent lowering of alter-
nator voltage (see 3.7.1 Underspeed protection).
N
M/m Direction of action:
n Left-hand stop = beginning of reduction at > 5 0 / 6 0 H z.
Right-hand stop = beginning of reduction only after
4 .8 x 0 .8 mm flat plugs and / or 2.5 mm 2 / 4 mm Ø about > 3 0 Hz.
screw terminals.
In special cases, the underspeed protection can be
A number of additional modules from the "C O SIM AT N +" de activated by means of switch S2.2 (see 9 .2 Adjusting
equipment range can be connected to these control elements).
inputs (see 5 .2 Additional modules).
This is necessary when regulating a D C voltage by way
of additional module UD C or in some cases when using
Caution: external UF modules.

Only AvK additional modules must be used

at the control inputs. 20 mA standard si- Desired value:
gnals must not be used at these inputs.
R4

The inputs have the following functions: 2 5-gang trim potentiometer

N Access to the internal actual value circuit Function:

M/m Reference point for additional equipment Adjusting the alternator volta ge (see 4.3 Desired value,
n Access to the internal desired value circuit 1 0 .2 Desired value adjustment range).

Direction of action:
Circuit earth: Left-hand stop = minimum alternator voltage
Right-hand stop = maximum alternator volta ge
-

The circuit earth is likewise used as reference potential Caution:

for a number of ”controlling” additional modules.
Before the "COSIMAT N+" is started up, R4
This potential is not connected when the "C O SIMAT N +" must be turned to the left-hand stop position
is used for stand-alone operation. (see 10. Starting up the "COSIMAT N+"). A
regulator which is checked and delivered
together with an alternator is already preset.
Load earth:

Z
P component:
The load earth is used for connecting the internal interme-
diate circuit capacitors.
R1
Additional external capacitors can be connected between
the second Z connection tab (MIN US) and terminal I1 1-gang trim potentiometer
(PLUS).

27
 Function: Direction of action:
Varying the proportional component of the control cha- Left-hand stop = maximum compensation value
racteristic. Right-hand stop = minimum compensation value

Direction of action: At nominal alternator current, R6 should be used to carry

Anticlockwise = small P component out trimming to 2.5 V A C at the me asuring points
C lockwise = large P component ”MP-STATIK – DR O O P”. If the alternator load current is
less than the nominal current, this may be trimmed to a
The recommended adjustment range shown in Fig. 8 – proportional voltage value.
P adjustment range must not be exceeded (see 1 0.3
Regulating parameters).
Code switch:
I component:
S2
S1
4-pole dip switch

Function:
Caution:

Switch position ” 0 ” is not permitted. Switch FUNCTIO N ON OFF

S2.1 none ./. ./.

1 6-sta ge code switch Activation and
S2.2 deactivation Active N ot
Function: of underspeed active
protection
Varying the I component in the regulating characteristic
(see 1 0.3 Regulating parameters). Reduction of
S2.3 actual value N ominal Reduced
smoothing
Direction of action:
Left (1 <- F) = small I component Incre asing the
Right (1 -> F) = large I component S2.4 D-parameter Incre ased N ominal

Droop:
Required basic setting:
R7
AvK DS G alternators up to size 6 2:
1-gang trim potentiometer
S2 .1 = no function
S2 .2 = O N (underspeed protection)
Function:
S2 .3 = O N (actual value smoothing)
Adjustment of the droop effect.
S2 .4 = O FF (D parameter)
Direction of action:
AvK DI G , DS G 7 4 – 1 2 5 alternators
Left-hand stop = no droop effect (0 %)
parallel operation not possible.
S2 .1 = no function
Right-hand stop = droop effect 6 %
S2 .2 = O N (underspeed protection)
S2 .3 = O N (actual value smoothing)
If the direction of rotation is reversed, sensing volta ge
S2 .4 = O N (D parameter)
connections U and W must be interchanged.

9.3 Displays
Droop matching:
Underspeed protection:
R6
H1
2 5-gang trim potentiometer
yellow 5 mm Ø LED
Function:
M atching the various alternator nominal currents and
current transformer ratios to the droop monitoring system.

28
H 1 lights up when the desired value or lowering of alternator g) Is the field connected with the correct polarity?
volta ge in the case of underfrequency is active (3 .7 .1 Under-
speed protection)
10.2 Desired value setting range
Caution:
O nce all the basic settings and visual checks have been
carried out, the alternator can be started up.
The regulator is set during the testing of the
alternator at the factory. See test protocol a) Run up alternator to nominal speed.
and order-specific circuit diagram.
b) Set external set-point potentiometer to the central position.

c) Adjust nominal volta ge using R4 .

10. Starting up the "COSIMAT N+"
d) The alternator voltage can be adjusted around its
10.1 Basic setting and visual check nominal value using the external set-point potentiometer.

Before start-up, the following basic settings of the "C O SIMAT N +"
volta ge regulator must be checked: 10.3 Regulating parameters

R3 right-hand stop position a) If the basic settings of R1 and S1 (see 1 0.1 Basic setting
R4 left-hand stop position and visual check) lead to continuous periodic fluctuations
R1 central position (stability limit), adjust R1 slowly to the left.
(in the case of DI G , DS G alternators, 1 / 4
rotation anticlockwise from the central position) b) If there is temporarily a tendency towards we akly
damped hunting in the event of load surges, adjust S1 one
S1 Pos. 4 or two positions to the right.
(in the case of DI G , DS G alternators Pos. 6,
at 6 0 0 / 7 5 0 rpm Pos. 9)
S2 S2 .1 = no function 10.4 Underspeed protection
S2 .2 = O N
S2 .3 = O N a) 5 0 / 6 0 Hz alternators to 0 .9 5 x f N .
S2 .4 = O FF ( O N in the case of DI G and DS G
alternators from size 7 4) b) In the case of 5 0 / 6 0 Hz alternators, turn R3 slowly in
the anticlockwise direction starting from the right-hand stop
R7 C entral position position until H 1 lights up. Then turn it slowly in the clock-
R6 Left-hand stop wise direction until H 1 goes out.

After basic setting, the following visual checks must be carried c) Run the alternator up to nominal speed.
out:

a) Have the sensing volta ge connections (U, V, W 10.5 Droop adjustment

9 0 ...2 5 0 / 2 5 0...5 0 0) been correctly selected?
a) Load the alternator with nominal current. Measure the A C
b) Do the sensing volta ge connections possess a clockwise- volta ge at the droop sensing points ”MP-STATIK-DR O O P”.
rotating field? (If rotation is anticlockwise, interchange U Adjust to 2 .5 V A C using potentiometer R6 .
and W ).
b) For partial loading, the calibration value can be reduced
c) Is the supply volta ge correctly connected (2 x single- proportionately.
phase UH 1 / UH 2 and W H 1 / W H 2 ; three-phase UH 1,
VH 1 , W H 1)? c) If a stronger droop effect is required, R7 (percenta ge
droop) should be turned clockwise starting from its central
d) Is the excess current circuit breaker in the alternator position.
switched on?
Note:
e) Is the droop transformer installed in the V phase? W here a number of alternators are run in parallel, the
droop device must be at the same setting in all the
f) Is the k – I phase position of the droop current transformer "C O SIMAT N +" regulators and be active!
correctly connected? (In the case of external installation,
check from the alternator to the regulator).

29
Recommended droop settings: to flow freely through its power sta g e . N ote the installation
position marking ”U N TE N ” (= B O TT O M ) (connecting
3% Parallel to the mains (If the mains supply is not le ads tow ards the power sta ge). At fan cooling, the longitu-
stable, the setting may have to be incre ased). dinal axis of the "C O SIMAT N +" has to be in air flow
direction. Deviating mounting is only suitable after checking
2% Parallel operation with identical alternators. by AvK.

6% Parallel operation with different alternators whose There must be a 3 cm clearance all the way round between
regulators do not have a linear droop. the "C O SIM AT N +" and any structural elements that might
hinder flow (cable ducts, plates). This rule does not apply to
1% Parallel operation with different alternators which laterally mounted additional modules.
also have "C O SIMAT N ” or ” N +" regulators.

11.3 Excitation build-up

11. Important notes
At the nominal speed, the auxiliary excitation windings on
11.1 Protection concept for external mounting DS G and DI G alternators must produce a remanent volta ge
of regulator of at least 1 0 V A C in order to ensure a satisfactory excitation
build-up.
The following protective measures must be taken if the regu-
lator is installed externally in the switching station: However, problems with excitation build-up may also be
caused by dirty de-excitation contacts or a field connection
The sensing line U-V- W is to be laid using short-circuit-proof of incorrect polarity.
cable (1 .5 mm 2 ) from the alternator terminal strip X2 to the
switching station. AvK recommends the installation of a In the case of alternators which have been stationary for a
three-phase circuit breaker with a thermal tripping current of prolonged period, it may be necessary to introduce an
approximately 0 .5 A. If this circuit bre aker is tripped, the external excitation volta ge. To do this, a 4 .5 V or 6 V battery
alternator must be de-excited and stopped immediately. is briefly connected by its positive terminal to I1 and by its
negative terminal to K1 at nominal speed. In the case of
If the regulator is installed externally, the connecting leads for two-phase auxiliary excitation machines, the battery should
the external set-point potentiometer, the droop current transfor- be connected to I2(P O SITIVE) / K2( N E G ATIVE).
mer, the droop switch and the I1 / K1 exciter line are to be
provided with separate shielding. The shields must be earthed
at one end on the "C O SIMAT N +" . 11.4 Code switch S2

Protection concept: For standard applications of the "C O SIMAT N +" , the following
The exciter system should be protected from excessive exciter basic settings must be made before start-up at code switch S2
currents and voltages by a field discharge switch or relay. (see 9.2 Adjusting elements):
This switch or relay should be connected as shown in the
relevant order-specific circuit diagram. The tripping criteria AvK DSG alternators up to size 62
will be determined by the protection required by the alterna- S2 .1 = no function
tor. S2 .2 = O N (underspeed protection)
S2 .3 = O N (actual value smoothing)
W here the alternator is operated in stand-alone mode, an S2 .4 = O FF (D parameter)
overvoltage protection system must be installed in the swit-
ching station. In the case of operation in parallel with the AvK DIG and DSG 74 – 125 alternators:
mains or other alternators, an overcurrent protection system is S2 .1 = no function
to be added. S2 .2 = O N (underspeed protection)
S2 .3 = O N (actual value smoothing)
DSG / DIG alternators with auxiliary windings: S2 .4 = O N (D parameter)
DS G and DI G alternators with auxiliary windings are fitted
with an excess-current circuit bre aker F1. This protects the Any differences from these settings must be agreed with the
auxiliary windings from excessively high thermal loading e.g. manufacturer beforehand and taken into account in the w ay
as the result of an external short circuit involving the auxiliary the alternator is operated.
exciter volta ge UH 1-UH 2 or W H 1- W H 2.

11.5 Droop switch

11.2 Mounting the regulator
If alternators are to be used for both single and parallel
The "C O SIM AT N +" must be mounted with its longitudinal operation, better volta ge stability can be achieved in single
axis vertical in case of convectional cooling to allow the air

30
operation if the k – I inputs of the "C O SIM AT N +" are it is installed in the synchronous machine and the w ay the
short-circuited (see 8. Dia grams of connections). droop current transformer is connected to the "C O SIMAT N +"
remains the same (see 8 . Diagrams of connections).
The lead between the droop switch and the regulator must be
screened. For motor control, a cos phi controller (C O S module) is
required additionally.
The screen must be earthed at one end on the "C O SIMAT N +".

Caution:

In parallel operation, the switch must be

opened.

11.6 Changing the direction of rotation

To enable the droop sensing system to exercise the correct

effect, the "C O SIM AT N +" requires a clockwise-rotating field
at its measuring voltage connections.

Caution:

If the direction of rotation is reversed, in-

terchange sensing leads U and W .
Figure 3 6 – Modes of operation of a synchronous machine
Note:
The desired direction of rotation should be specified
when ordering the alternator. This is important with 11.8 Protective fuses
regard to ventilation.
W hen the protective fuses are tripped, they must be replaced
with fuses of the same type.
11.7 Synchronous motors
Fuse type:
Synchronous motors operate in a similar way to synchronous
alternators in parallel operation. The direction of the active
1 0 A super quick-acting IEC G 1 4 4.4 0 0
power is rotated through 1 8 0° relative to the alternator (see
Figure 3 6 – O peration of the synchronous machine).
Caution:
Starting from cos phi = 1 , this has the following implications
for the reactive power: The po wer stage may be permanently da-
maged if slo w or medium time-lag fuses
● G iven a rising exciter current (overexcitation), the synchro- with a rating equal to or higher than 10 A
nous machine becomes a source of re active power. are used!

● G iven a falling exciter current (underexcitation), the synchro- Two spare fuses are mounted on the underside of the "C O SI-
nous machine becomes an acceptor of reactive power. MAT N +" (see 7. Dimensions).
W hen used as a generator, the synchronous machine is taken
as the reference point; where it is used as a motor, the mains 11.9 Drying out the alternator
are taken as the reference point.
If, because of inadequate insulation resistance, the alternator
W hen used as a generator, the synchronous machine supplies has to be dried out at nominal current by the short-circuit
”inductive” reactive power to the mains when overexcited. method, the "C O SIM AT N +" should be disconnected from
the supply and exciter field connections.
W hen used as a motor, the synchronous machine dra ws
”inductive” re active power from the mains when underexcited. The alternator is dried out by applying an external source of
excitation.
The droop system in the "C O SIM AT N +" operates with the
correct direction of action whether the machine is being Further information on how to dry out the alternator can be
operated as a motor or a generator. The direction in which found in the alternator instructions.

31
11.10 External po wer supply must be connected to the correspondingly named connecting
terminal of the "C O SIM AT N +" .
If the auxiliary exciter volta ge is taken from a different,
”external” source (e.g. the mains), the supply must not be
switched on until the alternator has started up.
W hen shutting down the alternator, the supply must be
switched off before the machine comes to a halt.

The switch-on and switch-off point of the supply should be set

to 0.9 5 x f N using a frequency relay (BF1).

The double terminals at connections UH 1 and W H 1 can be

used to switch the supply on and off (see 8.5 De-excitation
circuit).

Caution:

W hen the alternator is stationary and an

auxiliary exciter voltage is applied, the
exciter current flo wing is at its maximum!
The protective circuit of the "COSIMAT N +"
will trip the protection fuses on the front
plate after about 8 seconds.

11.11 400 Hz alternator / converter

O n 4 0 0 Hz alternators < 1 0 0 kVA (as single machines or

converters), switch S2 .3 must be set to the " O FF" position.

11.12 Checking the insulation voltage of the

electric machine

Before checking the insulation voltage of the electric machine,

the following connections of the "C O SIMAT N +" must be
disconnected:

Me asuring volta ge U, V, W
Supply UH 1-UH 2 , W H 1- W H 2
Exciter field I1-K1

The supply and me asurement connections of additional regu-

lator components must also be disconnected.

All disconnected or interrupted connections should be isolated

in the appropriate manner.

11.13 Exchange / replacement; "COSIMAT N / N3"

by "COSIMAT N+"

O n AvK alternators of series DS G , DIDB N , DIDBH and DI G ,

sizes ...7 4-8 6-9 9-1 1 4-1 2 5 , switch S2.4 on the "C O SIMAT
N +" should be switched to the ” O N ” position. Switches S2 .2
and S2 .3 should be switched to the ” O N ” position. Switch
S2.1 should be set to the ” O FF” position.

The sequence of terminals W H 1 and W H 1’ has been

reversed on the "C O SIMAT N +" . The connecting cable W H 1

32
11.14 Malfunctions, causes and remedies

M alfunction Cause Remedy

Alternator volta ge is too low. Input speed too low. Check whether LED H 1 on regulator
lights up. If so, underspeed protection
device has been activated, run up al-
ternator to nominal speed.

M e a suring le a ds inc orre ctly con- Check measuring-lead connections U,

nected. V, W on the regulator. Check whether
the nominal volta ge of the alternator is
within the volta ge range indicated on
the "C O SIM AT N +" .

Alternator voltage is too low and can- Set-point potentiometer or its con- Check set-point potentiometer or its
not be adjusted with the set-point po- necting leads are disconnected / inter- connecting leads. Rectify fault.
tentiometer. rupted.

Alternator volta ge is too high. Broken me asuring lead. Rectify fault.

M e a suring le a ds inc orre ctly con- Check measuring lead connections U,

nected. V, W on the regulator. Check whether
the nominal volta ge of the alternator is
within the volta ge range indicated on
the "C O SIM AT N +" .

Alternator voltage is too high and can- Set-point potentiometer or its con- Check set-point potentiometer for short
not be adjusted with the set-point po- necting leads have a short circuit. circuit. Change potentiometer. Check
tentiometer. set-point leads for short circuits. Elimina-
te short circuit.

Severe volta ge dip upon loa ding. Input speed falls upon loa ding. Check regulator of driving machine.

Defective protection fuse. Check protection fuse on the regulator

and exchange if necessary.

Rotating diodes defective. Check rotating diodes V1 and surge

voltage protector V3 and R1 1 and
exchange if necessary.

Alternator does not respond to excitati- Input speed too low. Less than 0,5 x n N . Check the speed regulator of the input
on. machine. Check the power transmissi-
on to the alternator.

Exciter protection switch has tripped. Switch on the protective switch again.
If it trips once more, search for the fault
and repair it.

33
Malfunction Cause Remedy

Alternator does not respond to excitati- Remanence too low. Alternator with auxiliary winding:
on. Briefly connect positive terminal of 4.5
or 6 V battery to I1 and negative
terminal to K1 (at nominal speed).
Alternator with two-phase auxiliary
exciter machine:
Briefly connect positive terminal of 4.5
or 6 V battery to I2 and negative
terminal to K2 (at nominal speed).

DS G , DI G alternators: With alternator standing still!

Interruption in the auxiliary exciter win- C he c k w ind ings U H 1 / U H 2 a nd
dings. W H 1 / W H 2 for interruptions using an
ohmmeter. Eliminate faults.

DI G alternators (U N ≤ 1 1 ,5kV): With alternator standing still!

Interruption in the auxiliary exciter C heck windings W H 1 / W H 2 and
machine windings. U H 2 / U H 1 / U H 3 for interruptions
using an ohmmeter. Eliminate faults.

DS G , DI G alternators: With alternator standing still!

Interruption in exciter windings I1 / K1 . Check windings I1 / K1 for interruptions
using an ohmmeter. Eliminate faults.

DI G alternators (U N > 1 1 .5 kV): With alternator standing still!

Interruption in exciter windings I1 / K1 Check windings I1 / K1 and I2 / K2 for
and / or I2 / K2. interruptions using an ohmmeter. Elimi-
nate faults.

Fault in regulator. Check protective fuses and exchange

if necessary. Is the regulator receiving
excitation release and are the bridges
present at the double terminals I1 / I1’,
K1 / K1’, UH1 / UH1’ and W H 1 / W H 1’?
Check and eliminate fault.

Fault in the regulator connections. Check all regulator connections, input

and output leads. Eliminate faults.

Regulator defective. Exchange regulator.

Rotating diodes defective. Check rotating diodes V1 and volta ge

surge protector V3 and R1 1 and
exchange if necessary.

Periodic fluctuations in the alternator Incorrect regulator setting. Adjust R1 carefully in the anticlockwise
voltage when operated singly (stability direction and turn S1 one or two steps
limit)! to the right.

34
M alfunction Cause Remedy

Alternator volta ge fluctuates at irregular Temporary interruption in one of the Check connecting leads to the regula-
intervals. regulator supply lea ds. tor. Check connections at the terminal
board of the alternator. Tighten all con-
tact screws and nuts.

Mechanical regulator of the driving Check speed regulator of the driving

machine is sticking. machine. Eliminate fault.

Reactive power output too high in par- Droop set too low. Adjust R7 slightly in the clockwise di-
allel operation. rection on the "C O SIM AT N +" .

Transformer conne ctions k / I have O pen bridge.

been bridged by the droop switch.

Phase angle connection (k / I) of the Check connecting leads from the alter-
droop current transformer has been nator to the regulator. Interchange k / I
wrongly positioned. if necessary. The white secondary con-
nection of the droop current transformer
is ”k”.

Droop switch is not in alternator phase Install droop transformer in phase ”V”.
”V”.

Me asuring voltage connections U, V, Check the sensing lead. "C O SIMAT

W wrongly positioned. N +" requires a clockwise-rotating field.
Interchange U and W if necessary (in
the case of anticlockwise rotation).

Reactive power output too low in par- Droop set too high. Adjust R7 slightly in the anticlockwise
allel operation. direction on the "C O SIMAT N +" .

Me asuring voltage connections U, V, Check the sensing lead. "C O SIMAT

W wrongly positioned N +" requires a clockwise-rotating field.
Interchange U and W if necessary (in
the case of anticlockwise rotation).

Active load not equally distributed. This is affected by the driving machine Check the drive motor and its regulator.
only.
The "C O SIM AT N +" affects only the
reactive power.

W e reserve the right to make technical changes.

35
12. List of figures

Figure 1 G eneral arrangement dia gram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Figure 2 Adjusting elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Figure 3 Start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Figure 4 Characteristic quantities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 5 Trend of the control property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 6 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Figure 7 Droop characteristic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 8 P adjustment range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 9 Underspeed protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 10 Equivalent control circuit diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Figure 11 Additional module C O S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 12 Additional module Q PF A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 13 Additional module Q PF B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 14 Additional module Q PF C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Figure 15 Additional module SB2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 16 Additional module TF1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 17 Additional module ES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 18 Additional module UF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Figure 19 Additional module UF3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 20 Additional module SR2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 21 Additional module EI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 22 Additional module UD C 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Figure 23 Additional module KP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 24 Additional module ER1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Figure 25 Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Figure 26 Internal mounting, DS G alternators 5 2 – 7 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 27 External mounting, DS G alternators 5 2 – 7 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Figure 28 Internal mounting, DS G alternators 8 6 – 1 2 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 29 External mounting, DS G alternators 8 6 – 1 2 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 30 Internal mounting, DI G medium-voltage alternators with U N ≤ 1 1 .5 kV . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 31 External mounting, DI G medium-volta ge alternators with U N ≤ 1 1.5 kV . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 32 Internal mounting, DI G medium-voltage alternators with U N > 1 1 .5 kV . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 33 External mounting, DI G medium-volta ge alternators with U N > 1 1.5 kV . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 34 De-excitation circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 35 Field current / field voltage monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Figure 36 Modes of operation of a synchronous machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

36
AvK Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG
N iederlassung Dreieich
Benzstraße 4 7 - 4 9
D - 6 3 3 0 3 Dreieich
Telefon: ISD N 0 6 1 0 3 / 5 0 3 9 - 0
Telefax: 0 6 1 0 2 / 5 0 3 9 - 4 0
BV C O SIM AT N +.1 -3 1 1 0 1 E

e-mail: [email protected]
http: / / www.new age-avkseg.com

AvK Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG

Bunsenstraße 1 7
D - 8 5 0 5 3 Ingolstadt
Telefon: 0 8 4 1 / 7 9 2 - 0
Telefax: 0 8 4 1 / 7 9 2 - 2 5 0
e-mail: [email protected]
http: / / www.newage-avkseg.com