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Project on Extraction of Essential Oils

Class 12

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new071967
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22 views

Project on Extraction of Essential Oils

Class 12

Uploaded by

new071967
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXTRACTION

OF

ESSENTIAL OILS
PRESENT IN SAUNF(aniseed),
AJWAIN(carum) AND
ILLACHI(cardamom)

Name:
Roll no:
Class:
CERTIFICATE
NAME:

ROLLNO:

CLASS:

THIS IS CERTIFY THAT _________________ OF


CLASS XII HAS COMPLETED CHEMISTRY PROJECT ON THE
TOPIC “Extraction of Essential Oils present in Saunf(aniseed),
Carum(ajwain) and Illaichi(cardamom)” AS PRESCRIBED BY Mrs.
Radharani Saha Ma’am, DURING THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2024-25
AS PER THE GUIDELINES OF CENTRAL BOARD OF
SECONDARY EDUCATION.

TEACHER IN-CHARGE SIGNATURE:

EXAMINER’S SIGNATURE:

PRINCIPAL’S SIGNATURE:

SCHOOL SEAL:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all those who


have provided me with the opportunity to perform this project.
I would like to thank my chemistry teacher Mrs. Radharani
Saha, whose valuable guidance has helped me to complete the
project. Her suggestions and instructions have served as a major
contributor towards the successful outcome of this project.
I would like to thank my parents for giving encouragement,
enthusiasm and invaluable assistance to me
Last but not least; I would like to thank all my classmates, who
have supported me in various aspects.
INDEX

I. INTRODUCTION
II. AIM
III. SAUNF(aniseed)
IV. AJWAIN(carum)
V. ILLAICHI(cardamom)
VI. EXPERIMENT
VII. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Project on Extraction of Essential Oils from
Saunf (Aniseed), Ajwain (Carum), and
Illaichi (Cardamom)

Introduction:
Essential oils are aromatic compounds extracted from plants that have a variety of therapeutic
and industrial uses. They are used in perfumes, cosmetics, medicines, and food flavorings. This
project involves the extraction of essential oils from three common spices: Saunf (Aniseed),
Ajwain (Carum), and Illaichi (Cardamom). These spices are not only widely used for culinary
purposes but also have significant medicinal properties.

The objective of this project is to demonstrate the process of essential oil extraction from these
spices and analyze the yield and chemical composition of the oils obtained.

Aim of the Project:


To extract and analyze the essential oils present in Saunf (Aniseed), Ajwain (Carum), and Illaichi
(Cardamom) using the steam distillation method and calculate the percentage yield of essential
oil.
About Essential Oils:
Saunf (Aniseed)

 Botanical Name: Foeniculum vulgare


 Common Method of Extraction: Steam distillation.
 Aroma: Sweet, licorice-like, and spicy.
 Chemical Composition: Aniseed oil contains anethole (85-90%), fenchone, estragole,
and limonene.
 Uses: Aniseed oil is used in medicine for digestive issues, in perfumes, and as a flavoring
agent in food and beverages. It also has antimicrobial and antifungal properties.

Ajwain (Carum)

 Botanical Name: Trachyspermum ammi


 Common Method of Extraction: Steam distillation or cold pressing.
 Aroma: Pungent, bitter, and slightly spicy.
 Chemical Composition: Ajwain oil contains thymol (30-50%), p-cymene, and gamma-
terpinene.
 Uses: Ajwain oil is commonly used in treating indigestion, respiratory issues, and as an
antiseptic. It is also used in aromatherapy for its stimulating properties.
Illaichi (Cardamom)

 Botanical Name: Elettaria cardamomum


 Common Method of Extraction: Steam distillation.
 Aroma: Warm, spicy, and sweet with a hint of citrus.
 Chemical Composition: Cardamom oil contains α-terpinyl acetate, limonene, 1,8-
cineole, and linalool.
 Uses: Cardamom oil is used in aromatherapy, as a digestive aid, and in perfumes. It has
anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.
Experiment:
Materials Required:

 Saunf (Aniseed) seeds


 Ajwain (Carum) seeds
 Illaichi (Cardamom) pods
 Steam distillation apparatus
 Distilled water
 Glass bottle (for collection of essential oil)
 Weighing balance
 Thermometer
 Measuring cylinder

Procedure:

1. Weigh the seeds of Saunf, Ajwain, and Illaichi using the weighing balance. Record the
weight of each.
2. Add the seeds to the steam distillation apparatus.
3. Fill the apparatus with distilled water and heat it to generate steam. The steam will carry
the volatile essential oils from the seeds.
4. Condense the steam into a liquid using the condenser and collect the essential oil in the
collecting flask.
5. Separate the essential oil from the water using a separating funnel.
6. Collect the oil in a clean glass bottle.
7. Weigh the glass bottle containing the essential oil and record the weight.
8. Calculate the amount of essential oil extracted by subtracting the initial weight of the
empty bottle from the final weight of the bottle with oil.

Observations:
 Weight of seeds taken:
o Saunf (Aniseed): 100g
o Ajwain (Carum): 100g
o Illaichi (Cardamom): 100g
 Initial weight of bottle (empty): 50g
 Weight of bottle + essential oil:
o Saunf (Aniseed) oil: 51.5g
o Ajwain (Carum) oil: 51.2g
o Illaichi (Cardamom) oil: 51.7g
 Weight of essential oil extracted:
o Saunf (Aniseed): 1.5g
o Ajwain (Carum): 1.2g
o Illaichi (Cardamom): 1.7g
 Percentage of oil extracted:
o Saunf (Aniseed): 1.5/100×100 = 1.5%
o Ajwain (Carum): 1.2/100×100=1.2
o Illaichi (Cardamom): 1.7/100×100=1.7%

Conclusion:
The essential oils extracted from Saunf (Aniseed), Ajwain (Carum), and Illaichi (Cardamom)
through steam distillation were analyzed for their yield and composition. The percentage yield of
oil varied slightly between the different seeds, with Cardamom yielding the most oil (1.7%),
followed by Aniseed (1.5%), and Carum (1.2%). This experiment demonstrates the effectiveness
of steam distillation as a method for extracting essential oils and highlights the medicinal and
commercial value of these oils in various industries.

Sources:
1. “A Comprehensive Review on the Essential Oils of Cardamom.” Journal of Essential Oil
Research, 2018.
2. “Extraction of Essential Oils from Herbs and Spices.” Science Direct, 2020.
3. “The Medicinal Properties of Aniseed and Other Essential Oils.” Journal of Herbal
Medicine, 2021.
4. “Ajwain: The Versatile Spice.” Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, 2019.

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