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L2Reportfklklfnw

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12 views3 pages

L2Reportfklklfnw

Uploaded by

khadijaftsapphire
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Statement:

This lab demonstrates the universality of NAND and NOR gates by constructing various logic gates using
only these gates.

Objective:
 To implement AND, OR, and NOT functions using only NAND gates.
 To implement AND, OR, and NOT functions using only NOR gates.
 To understand the advantage of NAND and NOR gates in digital circuits.

Methodology:

1. Implemented AND, OR, and NOT functions using only NAND gates, following the provided
circuit diagrams.
2. Verified the outputs for each gate by testing the circuits using switches for input and LEDs for
output indication.
3. Repeated the same procedure using NOR gates to create equivalent AND, OR, and NOT gates.
4. Documented the results to ensure they matched the expected truth tables.

Equipment/Tools:
 Proteus 8 software

Tasks:
Part 1: NAND Gate Implementations
 Task 1: Verify AND function using only NAND gates

 Task 2: Verify OR function using only NAND gates


 Task 3: Verify NOT function using only NAND gates

Part 2: NOR Gate Implementations


 Task 1: Verify AND function using only NOR gates

 Task 2: Verify OR function using only NOR gates

 Task 3: Verify NOT function using only NOR gates

Post-Lab Tasks:
1. Design XOR, XNOR, and NOR gates using only NAND gates.
2. Design NAND, XOR, and XNOR gates using only NOR gates.

Conclusion:
This lab successfully demonstrated that NAND and NOR gates can replicate the functionality of other logic
gates, validating their universality. The results were verified through both manual testing and Proteus
simulations, confirming the practical relevance of using these gates in digital design.

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