Scribd
Upload
5 views

Lecture 07

Uploaded by

abishai4503638
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
5 views

Lecture 07

Uploaded by

abishai4503638
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

AU-332-Automobile Instrumentation

Lecture No:07
Dr.Saqib Jamshed Rind

NED University of Engineering and Technology


Department of Automotive and Marine Engineering
Lecture Contents

After completing this lecture student should know about:


• PMMC as Ohmmeter
• Multi-range Ohmmeter
• Applications of Bridge circuits
PMMC used in Ohmmeter

The PMMC may also be used


in conjunction with a battery
and resistor to construct a
simple ohmmeter circuit.
Current amplitude without
unknown resistor.
E
I fs 
RZ  Rm E
I R  Rm  Rx
With unknown resistor.  Z
I fs E
E RZ  Rm
I
RZ  Rm  Rx
I RZ  Rm
P
I fs RZ  Rm  Rx
Example-Ohmmeter
A 1mA full scale deflection E
Rz   Rm
current meter movement is to I fs
be used in an ohmmeter 3V
Rz   100  2.9k 
circuit. The meter movement 1mA
has an internal resistance, Rm The value of Rx with 20% full
of 100Ω and a 3-V battery scale deflection is
will be used in the circuit.
Rz  Rm
Mark off the meter face for Rx    Rz  Rm 
reading resistance. P
2.9k   0.1k 
Rx    2.9k   0.1k  
The value of Rz which will 0.2
limit current to full scale 3k 
Rx   3k   12k 
deflection current, must be 0.2
computed as.
Example-Ohmmeter
The value of Rx with 40% full The value of Rx with 75% full
scale deflection is scale deflection is
R  Rm Rz  Rm
Rx  z   Rz  Rm  Rx    Rz  Rm 
P P

3k  3k 
Rx   3k   4.5k  Rx   3k   1k 
0.4 0.75

The value of Rx with 50% full P (%) Rx (kΩ) Rz + Rm


scale deflection is (kΩ)
20 12 3
R  Rm
Rx  z   Rz  Rm  40 4.5 3
P
50 3 3
3k 
Rx   3k   3k  75 1 3
0.5
100 0 3
Example-Ohmmeter
PMMC in Multi-range Ohmmeter
PMMC can be used to construct a multi-range ohmmeter by
connecting different value resistor in parallel configuration as
shown in the figure.
Example-Multi-range Ohmmeter
1. For figure shown on the When the meter is set at R ∙ 1
previous slide, calculate the range:
current through the meter, Im
when a 20-Ω resistor across
terminals x-y is measured on
the R ∙ 1 range.
2. Show that this same current
flows through the meter The voltage across the parallel
movement when a 200-Ω combination of resistance is
resistor is measured on the R 10
∙ 10 range. V 1.5V  0.5V
10  20
3. When a 2-kΩ resistor is The current through the meter is
measure on the R ∙ 100 range.
0.5V
Im   16.6 A
30k 
Example-Multi-range Ohmmeter
When the meter is set at R ∙ 10 When the meter is set at R ∙ 100
range: range:

The voltage across the parallel The voltage across the parallel
combination of resistance is combination of resistance is
100 1k 
V 1.5V  0.5V V 1.5V  0.5V
100  200 1k   2k 
The current through the meter is The current through the meter is
0.5V 0.5V
Im   16.6  A Im   16.6  A
30k  30k 
Bridges For Measurement Purpose
 Bridge circuits which, are categorize as a comparison type
measuring instruments, are widely used for the measurement
of resistance, capacitance, inductance and impedance.

 Bridge circuit operates on a null-indication principle.


The Wheatstone Bridge

 It is used for unknown


resistance measurement
purpose.
 It uses in different control
circuits.
 Accuracy of 0.1 % is quite
common with this bridge.
If the bridge is in balance
VR1  VR 2
condition.
VR 3  VR 4 I1 R1  I 2 R2 ……..(B)

I 3 R3  I 4 R4……..(A)
The Wheatstone Bridge
No current will flow through
the galvanometer if bridge is
balanced.
I1  I 3
I2  I4

Put I1 for I3 and I2 for I4 in (A)


I1 R3  I 2 R4
Now divide (B) with above Eq.
R1 R2 R1 R4  R2 R3

R3 R4
Example-Wheatstone Bridge

Calculate the unknown resistor


Rx in the circuit. Assuming a
null exists.
We know that.
R1R4  R2 R3

R2 R3
Rx 
R1

15k   32k 
Rx   40k 
12k 
Lecture Summary
In this lecture we have :
• PMMC as Ohmmeter
• Multi-range Ohmmeter
• Applications of Bridge circuits
Text Books & References

1) Understanding Automotive Electronics by William B.


Ribbens, 6th edition.
2) Handbook of Automotive Power Electronic by Taylor and
Francis.
3) Automotive Electronics Designs Fundamentals by Springer
4) Automobile Electrical and Electronics by Tom Denton.

You might also like