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1. Fundamentals of Electronics - Important Questions With Answers (2)

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164 views

1. Fundamentals of Electronics - Important Questions With Answers (2)

Uploaded by

ashlinantony860
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS – Assignment -Answers


1. Write the relationship between RMS voltage and maximum voltage of a sine
wave.
RMS voltage = (1/ √2) x Maximum voltage = 0.707 x Maximum voltage
VRMS = 0.707 x Vm
2. State Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law.
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law states that the algebraic sum of the voltages in any
closed path of an electrical network is zero. In other words, in a closed path of
an electric circuit, the algebraic sum of all the EMFs + the algebraic sum of all
the voltage drops (product of current (I) and resistance (R)) is zero.
That is
ΣE+ΣV=0 around a closed path of an electric network.

3. Find the Value of I4 in the following circuit.

4. Determine the maximum voltage through a conductor handling 230V AC.


Vrms = 230 V
Maximum voltage Vm = √2 x Vm = 1.414 x 230 = 325.22V
5. State Ohm’s law.
Ohm’s law states that at a constant temperature, the current flowing through a
conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference between its ends.
Mathematically,
2

where
I is the current
through the conductor in units of amperes, V is the voltage measured across the
conductor in units of volts, and R is the resistance of the conductor in units of
ohms.

6. Find the current I and voltage drop across resistor R2 in the following circuit.

7. Find the value of current I

8. Find currents I, I1, and I2 for the circuit given below. Also find voltage drop
across 5kΩ resistor.
3

9. Write any two applications of electronics in communication field.


Radio broadcasting, Television, Telephone service, Internet

10. The main supply used for residential purposes has a frequency of 50 Hz. Its
time period is _______.
Ans: 0.02s = 20ms
11. Define the following terms:
i) Time period
ii) Frequency

Time Period :
The time taken for one cycle is known as time period. It is represented as T and
its unit is seconds (s).
Frequency:
No of cycles made in one second is called as frequency of the alternating
quantity. It is denoted by f. The unit is Hertz or cycles/second.

12. A series circuit consists of three resistors - 20Ω, 60 Ω and 80Ω. The current
flowing through the circuit is 3A. Find
i) Total resistance of the circuit
ii) Source voltage of the circuit
iii) Voltage drop across each resistor
4

13. Calculate the RMS value and average value of the following waveform.

14. Find the value of current I in the following figure.

15. Calculate the values of currents I, I1 and I2 in the circuit given below.
5

16. Calculate the voltage across each resistor and the total power in the circuit.

17. In an AC circuit with a series RLC load,


a) Calculate the impedance of the circuit if inductive reactance is equal to
the capacitive reactance.
b) Find the equation for resonant frequency

At resonance XL = XC.
1
That is 2πfL =
2𝜋𝑓𝑐

4π2f2LC = 1
1
f2 =
4𝜋2 𝐿𝐶

1 𝟏
f= f=
√4𝜋2 𝐿𝐶 𝟐𝝅√𝑳𝑪

18. An AC voltage signal is given below. Find its peak to peak voltage and
frequency.
6

19. In the following circuit, find the current flowing through the 2Ω resistor.

Solution:

Consider the loop ABEFA:


-20 I1 - 2 (I1 +I2) + 50 = 0
-22 I1 - 2 I2 = - 50
-11 I1 - I2 = - 25 -------------------- Equation 1
Consider the loop BCDEB:
30 I2 - 100 + 2(I1 +I2) = 0
30 I2 - 100 + 2I1 + 2I2 = 0
2I1 + 32 I2 - 100 = 0
I1 + 16 I2 = 50 -------------------- Equation 2

Solve equations 1 and 2 for I1 and I2:


Equation 2 when multiplies by 11 gives

11 I1 + 176 I2 = 550 -------------------- Equation 3

Add equations 1 and 3:

-11 I1 - I2 = - 25 +
11 I1 + 176 I2 = 550
175 I2 = 525

Therefore I2 = 525/175 = 3
That is I2 = 3 A
7

Substituting the value of I2 in Equation 2 gives:


I1 + 16x3 = 50
I1 = 50 - 48 = 2
That is I1 = 2 A
Since both currents are having positive values, the actual direction of
current flow is same as the assumed direction.
Magnitude of current through the 2Ω resistor is I1 + I2 = 2 + 3 = 5A and
it flows from B to E.

20. Two resistors 10kΩ and 20kΩ are connected in series across a 12 V battery.
Draw the circuit diagram and calculate the total resistance.

21. Find out the total current in the following circuit.

22. Find the current I in the diagram given below:


8

23. State Kirchhoff’s Voltage law.


Ref Qn 2
24. Find the current I in the following diagram.

25. Find the values of currents I, I1 and I2 in the following circuit.

26. Find the value of R in the following circuit.


9

27. a) Name the type of current in the following cases


b) What is the frequency of current in figure ii?

28. A battery having a potential difference of 9V is connected to two bulbs in


series. The drop in potential across the first bulb is 5.5V. Determine the drop in
potential across the second bulb.

29. A current of 1A is flowing through a series circuit having two resistors each
10

with a value of 10 Ohm. Calculate the applied voltage across the circuit.

30. Write the mathematical form of Ohm’s law.

31. What will be the reading in the voltmeter when it is connected across A and B?

32. Figure below shows the graphical representation of an AC signal. Find the
following:
a) Number of cycles in one second
b) RMS value of the signal

33. A voltage signal is represented as v= 20 sin 628t.


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a) Specify its type


b) Represent it graphically
c) Calculate its RMS value and frequency and time period

34. The resistances of two wires when connected in series is 25Ω and when
connected in parallel is 6Ω. Calculate the resistance of each wire.

35. Write the equation for finding equivalent resistance in the following circuit.
Also find the effective resistance.

36. A fuse must be selected for a certain application. You may choose from fuses
rated to blow when the current exceeds 1.5A, 3A, 4.5A or 5A. If the supply
voltage is 110V and the maximum allowable power dissipation is 500W, which
fuse should be chosen?
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37. Draw the V-I graph of a 2kΩ resistor and label the point where the current is
4mA.

38. Find the current through the 3Ohm resistor in the following circuit.

39. Find the current through 1k Ω resistor and power dissipation in each resistor.

********

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