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oopVsProcedure

C++ topic

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4 views

oopVsProcedure

C++ topic

Uploaded by

landeparth93
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Basic Concept

 Procedural Programming:
o Focuses on functions or procedures that operate on data. Programs are structured
as a sequence of instructions or statements.
o Emphasizes a linear flow of control, where tasks are performed by calling
functions.
 Object-Oriented Programming (OOP):
o Centers around objects, which are instances of classes. Classes encapsulate data
and behavior together.
o Encourages code organization through the use of objects, allowing for
abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

2. Data Handling

 Procedural Programming:
o Data is separate from functions. Procedures manipulate data, but data can be
accessed and modified directly by any procedure.
o Less control over data integrity and encapsulation.
 OOP:
o Data and functions are bundled together in objects. This encapsulation protects
data and only allows modification through well-defined interfaces (methods).
o Promotes data hiding and abstraction.

3. Code Reusability

 Procedural Programming:
o Reusability is achieved through function libraries and modular programming,
but it can lead to code duplication if not managed well.
 OOP:
o Supports inheritance, allowing new classes to derive from existing ones, which
facilitates code reuse and reduces redundancy.
o Encourages composition, where objects can be composed of other objects.

4. Flexibility and Maintenance

 Procedural Programming:
o Changes in data structures may require significant changes in the procedures that
operate on them, making maintenance more challenging.
o Less modularity can lead to tightly coupled code.
 OOP:
o Changes to the implementation of a class can be made without affecting code
that uses the class, thanks to encapsulation.
o OOP promotes modularity and easier maintenance, as changes can be isolated
within classes.

5. Examples of Languages

 Procedural Programming Languages:


o C, Pascal, Fortran, BASIC.
 Object-Oriented Programming Languages:
o C++, Java, Python, Ruby, C#, Swift.

6. Use Cases

 Procedural Programming:
o Suitable for tasks that can be broken down into a sequence of steps or functions,
like scripting or simple algorithms.
 OOP:
o Well-suited for complex systems, large-scale applications, and software that
requires maintainability, such as games, GUI applications, and enterprise-level
software.

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