“GOOGLE LLC”
Professional Practices Assignment # 2
About:
Google is a multinational technology company known for its search engine, but it also offers a
wide range of products and services including cloud computing, advertising services, and
various software applications.
Member 1: Name: Wassaf Ahmed
Baloch Enrolment Number: 02-134222-004
Member 2: Name: Maryam Ayubi
Enrolment Number: 02-134222-044
1
Contents
Introduction to Google LLC..............................................................................................................................2
Google LLC - Historical Background.................................................................................................................3
Organizational Chart........................................................................................................................................4
Overall Organizational Chart:.......................................................................................................................4
Leadership Team:.........................................................................................................................................5
CEO and Executive Team:.............................................................................................................................6
Board Of Directors:.......................................................................................................................................7
Roles and Responsibilities of Major Departments/Divisions.........................................................................8
Major Milestones and Key Events.................................................................................................................10
Ownership Structure......................................................................................................................................12
Ownership Structure:................................................................................................................................. 12
Fact & Figures:............................................................................................................................................12
Stock Exchange Information..........................................................................................................................14
Overview:....................................................................................................................................................14
Valuation:....................................................................................................................................................15
Project Accomplished....................................................................................................................................16
Financial Performance...................................................................................................................................19
Overview:....................................................................................................................................................19
GOOGL’s (Google LLC) financial health:......................................................................................................20
Recent Financial Challenges/Successes.........................................................................................................21
Potential Challenges:..................................................................................................................................21
Potential Successes:....................................................................................................................................21
Other Info:..................................................................................................................................................21
Sources...........................................................................................................................................................22
2
Introduction to Google LLC
Name: Google LLC
Location: Mountain View, California, USA
Industry: Technology, Internet, Software
Overview: Founded on September 4, 1998, by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, Google LLC has become a
global technology giant headquartered in Mountain View, California. Initially known for
revolutionizing online search, Google has evolved into a diversified company offering a wide array of
products and services. Its primary products and services include the world's most widely used search
engine, innovative advertising platforms, cloud computing solutions, software applications, and
mobile operating systems. Google's commitment to organizing and making information universally
accessible has played a pivotal role in shaping the digital landscape. Under the umbrella of its parent
company, Alphabet Inc., Google continues to be a driving force in the technology industry,
influencing how people connect, access information, and interact with digital platforms.
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Google LLC - Historical Background
Founded: September 4, 1998
Location of Foundation: Menlo Park, California, USA
Founders: Larry Page and Sergey Brin
Circumstances that led to its establishment:
Two Stanford University Ph.D. students named Larry Page and Sergey Brin worked together to create
Google. They started working on a research project in 1996 with the goal of discovering and creating
a more practical and efficient method for accessing and arranging data on the internet. This project
was originally known as "Backrub."
The pivotal moment occurred in 1998 when Page and Brin formally established Google as a company
and formalized their relationship. Taking inspiration from the mathematical term for the number 1
followed by 100 zeros, the name "Google" is a play on the word "googol," which reflects the
founders' goal of organizing the massive amount of information available on the internet.
Google rapidly distinguished itself from other search engines of the era with its novel method to
search, which prioritized pages according to their relevancy and link structure. Google's quick rise
can be attributed to its dedication to offering users accurate and valuable search results, which also
established the groundwork for the company's current extensive portfolio of products and services.
An important turning point in the history of the internet was the creation of Google, which changed
how users interacted with and accessed information online.
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Organizational Chart
Overall Organizational Chart:
5
Leadership Team:
6
CEO and Executive Team:
7
Board Of Directors:
8
Roles and Responsibilities of Major
Departments/Divisions
Google Search and Assistant:
Roles and Responsibilities:
Develop and maintain the core Google Search engine.
Innovate and improve search algorithms to provide more relevant and accurate results.
Oversee the development of Google Assistant, an artificial intelligence-powered virtual assistant.
Contribution to the Organization:
Central to Google's mission, providing users with quick and accurate access to information.
Enhances user experience by continually improving search capabilities and introducing voice-
activated assistance.
Google Cloud:
Roles and Responsibilities:
Provide cloud computing services, including infrastructure, storage, databases, machine
learning, and analytics.
Serve enterprise clients with scalable and secure cloud solutions.
Support developers with tools and services for building and deploying applications.
Contribution to the Organization:
Diversifies Google's revenue streams beyond advertising.
Offers technological infrastructure to businesses, fostering innovation and digital
transformation.
YouTube:
Roles and Responsibilities:
Oversee the video-sharing platform YouTube and related services.
Develop content policies, community guidelines, and monetization strategies for creators.
Drive partnerships and collaborations with content creators and advertisers.
Contribution to the Organization:
Provides a platform for content creators to share videos, fostering creativity and entertainment.
Represents a significant revenue stream through advertising and premium subscriptions.
Google Ads & Commerce:
Roles and Responsibilities:
Manage advertising platforms such as Google Ads and AdSense.
Develop and improve tools for businesses to reach their target audience through online
advertising.
Oversee e-commerce initiatives, including Google Shopping.
Contribution to the Organization:
Primary revenue source for Google through advertising.
Empowers businesses to connect with their audiences and drive online commerce.
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Google Android and Chrome:
Roles and Responsibilities:
Develop and maintain the Android operating system for mobile devices.
Oversee the Chrome browser and the Chrome OS for laptops and desktops.
Collaborate with hardware manufacturers to integrate Android and Chrome into devices.
Contribution to the Organization:
Android dominates the mobile operating system market, providing a platform for app
development and Google services.
Chrome is a widely used browser, contributing to Google's ecosystem and online presence.
Google Geo and Maps:
Roles and Responsibilities:
Manage and enhance Google Maps, Earth, and related geo-location services.
Provide mapping solutions for businesses and developers.
Contribution to the Organization:
Integral for location-based services, navigation, and local business information.
Supports advertising, local search, and improves user engagement.
These departments work together to strengthen Google's position in the tech industry, each contributing to
the company's overarching goal of organizing the world's information and making it universally accessible
and useful. The diverse portfolio of products and services ensures that Google remains a leader in various
facets of the digital landscape.
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Major Milestones and Key Events
Google LLC has a rich history marked by numerous milestones, acquisitions, and product launches. Here are
some of the major events in the company's history:
1. 1998: Company Founding
Larry Page and Sergey Brin, Ph.D. students at Stanford, officially incorporate Google on
September 4, 1998.
2. 2000: AdWords Launch
Introduction of Google AdWords, an online advertising platform that enables businesses to
promote their products or services through targeted ads.
3. 2001: Acquisition of Deja News
Google acquired Deja News, a Usenet discussion service, marking one of its early acquisitions.
4. 2002: Google News Launch
Google launches Google News, a news aggregator that compiles headlines from various news
sources.
5. 2003: Acquisition of Blogger
Google acquired Pyra Labs, the company behind the popular blogging platform Blogger.
6. 2004: Initial Public Offering (IPO)
Google goes public on August 19, 2004, with its IPO priced at $85 per share.
7. 2005: Acquisition of Android Inc.
Google acquired Android Inc.; a company focused on developing an open-source mobile
operating system.
8. 2006: Acquisition of YouTube
Google acquired YouTube, a video-sharing platform, for $1.65 billion, marking a significant move
into online video.
9. 2007: Launch of Android OS
Google released the first version of the Android operating system for mobile devices.
10. 2010: Launch of Google Chrome
Introduction of the Google Chrome web browser, quickly gaining popularity for its speed and
simplicity.
11. 2011: Introduction of Google+
Google launches its social networking platform, Google+, to compete with other social media
networks.
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12. 2013: Acquisition of Waze
Google acquired Waze, a popular navigation app with real-time traffic information.
13. 2014: Restructuring as Alphabet Inc.
Google undergoes a major corporate restructuring, forming Alphabet Inc. as the parent company
with Google as a subsidiary.
14. 2015: Sundar Pichai becomes CEO
Sundar Pichai is appointed as the CEO of Google, succeeding Larry Page.
15. 2016: Launch of Google Assistant
Google introduces Google Assistant, an artificial intelligence-powered virtual assistant.
16. 2017: Acquisition of HTC's Pixel Team
Google acquires a portion of HTC's smartphone division, further emphasizing its commitment to
hardware.
17. 2018: European Union Antitrust Fine
Google is fined €4.34 billion by the European Union for antitrust violations related to Android.
18. 2019: Acquisition of Fitbit
Google acquired Fitbit, a company specializing in fitness tracking devices, expanding its presence
in the wearables market.
19. 2020: Sundar Pichai becomes CEO of Alphabet Inc.
Sundar Pichai becomes the CEO of Alphabet Inc., succeeding Larry Page and Sergey Brin, who
step down from their roles.
20. 2021: Google Health Initiatives
Google announces various health-related initiatives, including partnerships and tools aimed at
improving healthcare services.
These milestones showcase Google's evolution from a search engine startup to a global technology
conglomerate with a diverse range of products and services. The company's strategic acquisitions and
innovative product launches have played a crucial role in shaping the digital landscape.
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Ownership Structure
Ownership Structure:
Parent Company: Alphabet Inc.
Subsidiary: Google LLC
Publicly Traded Status:
Alphabet Inc. is a publicly traded company, meaning its shares are available for purchase on stock
exchanges.
Google LLC, as a subsidiary, does not have its own separate stock. Instead, its financial performance
contributes to the overall performance of Alphabet Inc.
Stock Exchange Information:
Alphabet Inc.'s shares are traded on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
Alphabet Inc. has two classes of stock: Class A shares (ticker symbol: GOOGL) and Class C shares
(ticker symbol: GOOG).
Fact & Figures:
13
14
Stock Exchange Information
Overview:
15
Valuation:
16
Project Accomplished
Google has been involved in a multitude of projects and initiatives across various domains. While it's
challenging to cover all of them, here are some notable projects that Google has accomplished:
Google Search Engine (1998):
The creation of an innovative search algorithm by Larry Page and Sergey Brin led to the development
of the Google search engine, transforming how users find information on the internet.
Google AdWords (2000):
The launch of Google AdWords marked a significant development in online advertising, providing
businesses with a platform to display targeted ads on Google's search results.
Google Maps (2005):
Google Maps revolutionized online mapping by providing detailed maps, directions, and real-time
traffic information. It became a crucial tool for navigation and location-based services.
YouTube Acquisition (2006):
The acquisition of YouTube for $1.65 billion positioned Google as a major player in the online video-
sharing industry, significantly expanding its content ecosystem.
Android OS (2008):
Google's introduction of the Android operating system for mobile devices became a dominant force
in the smartphone market, powering a vast array of devices globally.
Google Chrome (2008):
The launch of the Google Chrome web browser brought speed, simplicity, and security innovations
to the browsing experience, quickly gaining popularity.
Google Glass (2013):
Google Glass was a pioneering attempt at smart eyewear, integrating augmented reality features.
While it faced challenges, it contributed to the exploration of wearable technology.
Google Drive (2012):
Google Drive provided users with cloud storage solutions, allowing them to store and access files
from anywhere, fostering collaboration and data accessibility.
Google Cardboard (2014):
Google Cardboard was an affordable virtual reality (VR) platform, showcasing Google's interest in
making VR technology accessible to a broad audience.
Project Loon (2013-2021):
17
Project Loon aimed to provide internet access to remote areas using high-altitude balloons. While
the project was shut down in 2021, it demonstrated Google's commitment to expanding internet
connectivity.
Google Photos (2015):
Google Photos offered a free and user-friendly platform for storing and organizing photos and
videos, utilizing machine learning for automatic tagging and categorization.
DeepMind Acquisition (2014):
Google's acquisition of DeepMind, an artificial intelligence company, bolstered its capabilities in
machine learning and AI research.
Google Assistant (2016):
Google Assistant is an AI-powered virtual assistant designed to engage in natural language
conversations, providing users with personalized assistance.
Waymo (2016):
Waymo, a subsidiary of Alphabet, focuses on the development of autonomous vehicles. It emerged
from Google's self-driving car project, showcasing Google's interest in the future of transportation.
Google Duplex (2018):
Google Duplex is an AI-powered technology that enables the Google Assistant to make phone calls
on behalf of users, showcasing advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Google Quantum AI:
Google is actively working on quantum computing through its Quantum AI lab. Quantum computing
aims to solve complex problems that are practically unsolvable by classical computers.
Google Stadia (2019):
Google Stadia is a cloud gaming service that allows users to play video games on various devices
without the need for powerful local hardware.
Google Fitbit Acquisition (Completed in 2021):
Google completed the acquisition of Fitbit, a company known for its fitness trackers and
smartwatches. This moves signals Google's deeper entry into the wearable technology and health
monitoring space.
Google Chat (2021):
Google has been working on enhancing its messaging services. Google Chat is positioned as a
successor to Google Hangouts, providing users with a more modern and feature-rich communication
platform.
Google Tensor Processing Units (TPUs):
Google has developed TPUs, custom-designed hardware accelerators specifically for machine
learning tasks. These TPUs are used in various Google services, including Google Cloud.
Project Starline (2021):
18
Google unveiled Project Starline, a technology project aiming to create a 3D virtual meeting
experience that simulates face-to-face interactions. It uses advanced depth sensors and displays.
Google FLoC (Federated Learning of Cohorts):
Google is working on privacy-centric solutions, and FLoC is one such initiative. FLoC aims to replace
third-party cookies with a privacy-preserving method for targeted advertising.
Google Workspace (Formerly G Suite):
Google continues to evolve its suite of productivity tools for businesses and individuals. Google
Workspace integrates applications like Gmail, Google Drive, Google Meet, and more.
Project Baseline (Verily Life Sciences):
Verily, a subsidiary of Alphabet, is working on Project Baseline, an initiative focused on collecting and
analyzing health data to better understand and improve human health.
Google One (2018):
Google One is a subscription service that provides expanded cloud storage, additional features for
Google products, and family sharing options.
Google Photos AI Enhancements:
Google Photos continues to leverage AI for features such as automatic categorization, image
recognition, and the creation of stylized animations and videos.
Google Cloud Healthcare API:
As part of its cloud services, Google is investing in healthcare solutions, providing APIs and
infrastructure to support the healthcare industry's digital transformation.
Keep in mind that Google is a company known for continuous innovation, and new projects may
emerge, while existing ones may evolve or be discontinued. For the most current information, it's
recommended to refer to Google's official announcements and updates.
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Financial Performance
Overview:
Revenue:
Google's parent company, Alphabet Inc., reported total revenues of $182.5 billion for the fiscal year
2020, a slight increase from the previous year.
Profit (Net Income):
Alphabet Inc. reported a net income of $40.3 billion for the fiscal year 2020.
Operating Income and Margin:
The operating income for 2020 was $41.2 billion, with an operating margin of approximately 22.5%.
Earnings Per Share (EPS):
The diluted earnings per share for 2020 was $58.61.
Cash Flow:
Operating cash flow was reported at $65.4 billion for the fiscal year 2020.
Balance Sheet Metrics (as of Q4 2020):
o Total assets: $319.2 billion
o Total liabilities: $147.3 billion
o Total equity: $171.9 billion
Return on Investment (ROI) and Return on Equity (ROE):
The return on equity for Alphabet Inc. in 2020 was approximately 15%.
Market Capitalization (as of January 2022):
As of my last update, Alphabet's market capitalization was around $1.4 trillion.
20
GOOGL’s (Google LLC) financial health:
21
Recent Financial Challenges/Successes
Potential Challenges:
Antitrust Concerns:
o Google, along with other major tech companies, has faced scrutiny related to antitrust
concerns. Regulatory actions or legal challenges could impact on the company's business
practices and potentially lead to fines.
Privacy Regulations:
o Increasing concerns about user privacy and data protection have led to regulatory changes.
Compliance with evolving privacy regulations could impact Google's advertising business,
which is a significant revenue source.
Competition in Cloud Services:
o The cloud services market is highly competitive, and Google Cloud competes with other
major players like Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure. Intense competition
may impact on market share and pricing.
Potential Successes:
Growing Demand for Cloud Services:
o The increasing adoption of cloud services presents an opportunity for Google Cloud to
capitalize on the growing demand for infrastructure and platform-as-a-service solutions.
Innovation in AI and Machine Learning:
o Google's expertise in artificial intelligence and machine learning continues to drive
innovation. Success in developing and implementing AI technologies can positively impact
various business segments.
Diversification of Revenue Streams:
o Google's diverse portfolio, including search advertising, cloud services, and hardware
products, provides a level of revenue diversification, which can be advantageous for
stability.
Other Info:
Impact on Stock Price and Valuation:
Major announcements, regulatory developments, or shifts in market sentiment can influence
Google's stock price. Positive news, strong financial results, or successful product launches may lead
to stock price increases, while challenges or regulatory issues could result in declines.
Pictures/Graphs have been added above in the Document to Support these comments.
Recent Developments (up to January 2022):
Google's stock price, along with many other tech stocks, has experienced volatility in response to
broader market conditions, geopolitical events, and changes in interest rates. Pictures/Graphs have
been added above in the Document to Support these comments.
22
Sources
For Organizational Charts: - https://theorg.com/org/google/teams
For Ownership Structure as well as Stock Exchange Information: -
https://www.wallstreetzen.com/stocks/us/nasdaq/googl
For Elaborative Information: - https://chat.openai.com/
