BJMP FENCE & TOWER GUARD

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
SAN FABIAN, PANGASINAN

Structural Calculation
Report

This report discusses the load criteria, combinations and member fixity of the structure. The structure is
modelled using STAAD. Pro utilizing steel and reinforced concrete members and is designed using
AISC-10, NCSP 2015 and ACI 318-11.

Prepared By:

Civil Engineer

Owner
DESIGN CRITERIA
I. Codes and References

th
A. National Structural Code of the Philippines (NSCP), 7 Edition, 2015
B. American Concrete Institute (ACI) 318-11
C. AISC Manual of Steel Construction (AISC) LRFD
D. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 7-10
E. Uniform Building Code (UBC) 1997

II. Material Specifications

A. Structural Concrete
i. Compressive Strength
Suspended Beams, Column fc’ = 20.7 MPa (3000 psi)
Suspended Slab fc’ = 20.7 MPa (3000 psi)
Slab on Grade fc’ = 20.7 MPa (3000 psi)
Footing, Pedestal, Footing Tie Beam fc’ = 20.7 MPa (3000 psi)

B. Reinforcing Bar
i. Φ12mm and below fy = 275 MPa (40,000 psi)
ii. Φ16mm and up fy = 415 MPa (60,000 psi)

C. Structural Steel
i. ASTM - A36 (Carbon Grade Steel) Fy = 248 MPa (36,000 psi)
Fu = 400 MPa (58,000 psi)
ii. A325N High Strength Bolts
iii. F1554 Grade 36 Anchor Bolts

III. Loads

A. Dead Load

3
i. Concrete 23.54 kN/m
3
ii. Steel 77.00 kN/m
3
iii. Soil 16.00 kN/m

B. Superimposed Dead Load

i. 150mm CHB 3.11 kPa

ii. 100mm CHB 2.98 kPa

C. Live Load

i. Floor Live Load 2.40 kPa

D. Wind Load
Wind loads will be calculated based on the recommendation of NSCP 2015:

 Basic wind speed, V

V = 250 kph (NSCP 2015)

 Exposure Category
Exposure B - Urban and suburban areas, or other terrain with numerous
closely spaced obstructions having the size of single-family dwellings or larger.

 Wind Pressure, p in (kPa) for Buildings of all Heights

p = qGCp - qh (GCpi) (Eq. 207B.4-1)

where:
p = Design Wind Pressure, in kPa
qh = Velocity pressure evaluated at height h
2
qz = 0.613 Kz Kzt Kd V (Equation 207D.3-1)
= Velocity pressure evaluated at height z
Kz = Velocity pressure exposure coefficient evaluated at height z
(Table 207E.3-1)
Kzt = Topographic Factor
= 1.0
Kd = Wind Directional Factor
= 0.85
GCpi = Product of internal pressure coefficient and gust effect factor to be
used in the determination of wind loads for buildings (Table201A.11-1)
E. Seismic Load
Seismic forces were determined based on the equivalent static force procedure and
computed following the provisions of NSCP 2015 Chapter 2 Section 208. Structures or part
of the structure were analyzed to resist minimum total service forces assumed to act non-
concurrently in the direction of each of the main axes of the structure.

The site is > 10 km from the nearest fault as shown:

 The table below shows the Seismic Load Design Criteria used in the design.

Design Parameter Values Reference

Seismic Importance Factor, I 1.0 NSCP 2015 Table 208-1
Soil Profile Type SD NSCP 2015 Table 208-2
Seismic Zone Factor, Z 0.4 NSCP 2015 Table 208-3
Seismic Source Type Type A NSCP 2015 Table 208-4
Near Source Factor, Na (> 10 km) 1.0 NSCP 2015 Table 208-5
Near Source Factor, Nv (> 10 km) 1.0 NSCP 2015 Table 208-5
Resistance Factor, R (for special 8.5 NSCP 2015 Table 208-11B
steel moment resisting frames)

IV. Load Combination

A. Strength Design or Load and Resistance Factor Design (NSCP 2015 - 203.3)

For Reinforced Concrete Structure & Steel Structure (Basic Load Combinations)
(NSCP 2015 - 203.3.1)

Eq. 203-1: U = 1.4 (D + F)

Eq. 203-2: U = 1.2 (D + F + T) + 1.6 (L + H) + 0.5 (Lr or R)
Eq. 203-3: U = 1.2 D + 1.6 (Lr or R) + (f1L or 0.5W)
Eq. 203-4: U = 1.2 D + 1.0 W + f1L + 0.5 (Lr or R)
Eq. 203-5: U = 1.2 D + 1.0 E + f1L
Eq. 203-6: U = 0.9 D + 1.0 W + 1.6 H
Eq. 203-7: U = 0.9 D + 1.0 E + 1.6 H

B. Allowable Stress or Allowable Strength Design (NSCP 2015 - 203.4)

Basic Load Combinations (Serviceability) (NSCP 2015 - 203.4.1)

Eq. 203-8: U = 1.0 D + 1.0 F

Eq. 203-9: U = 1.0 D + 1.0 H + 1.0 F + 1.0 L + 1.0 T
Eq. 203-10: U = 1.0 D + 1.0 H + 1.0 F + 1.0 (Lr or R)
Eq. 203-11: U = 1.0 D + 1.0 H + 1.0 F + 0.75[L + T (Lr or R)]
Eq. 203-12: U = 1.0 D + 1.0 H + 1.0 F + (0.6 W + E/1.4)

C. Alternate Basic Load Combinations (NSCP 2015 - 203.4.2)

Eq. 203-13: U = 1.0 D + 1.0 F + 0.75[L + Lr (0.6W or E/1.4)]

Eq. 203-14: U = 0.6 D + 0.6W + 1.0 H
Eq. 203-15: U = 0.6 D + E/1.4+ 1.0 H
Eq. 203-16: U = 1.0 D + 1.0 L + + 1.0 (Lr or R)
Eq. 203-17: U = 1.0 D + 1.0 L + 0.6W
Eq. 203-18: U = 1.0 D + 1.0 L + E/1.4

V. Allowable Soil Bearing Capacity

In the absence of geotechnical report, a conservative value of allowable soil

bearing capacity (SBC) which is equivalent to 154 kPa (2.1m from NGL) will be
used in the design of footing.
STAAD OUTPUT
 Job No Sheet No Rev
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Client File BJMP.std Date/Time 13-Dec-2024 11:16

Job Information
Engineer Checked Approved

Name:
Date: 12-Dec-24

Structure Type SPACE FRAME

Number of Nodes 26 Highest Node 29

Number of Elements 31 Highest Beam 36
Number of Plates 4 Highest Plate 40

Number of Basic Load Cases 5

Number of Combination Load Cases 9

Included in this printout are data for:

All The Whole Structure

Included in this printout are results for load cases:

Type L/C Name

Primary 1 EX
Primary 2 EZ
Primary 3 DL
Primary 4 LL

Nodes
Node X Y Z
(m) (m) (m)
1 0.000 0.000 0.000
2 3.000 0.000 0.000
3 6.000 0.000 0.000
4 0.000 -2.000 0.000
5 3.000 -2.000 0.000
6 6.000 -2.000 0.000
7 0.000 2.000 0.000
8 3.000 2.000 0.000
9 6.000 2.000 0.000
10 0.000 4.000 0.000
11 3.000 4.000 0.000
12 6.000 4.000 0.000
13 0.000 4.000 1.300
14 3.000 4.000 1.300
15 6.000 4.000 1.300
19 1.850 4.000 1.300
20 4.150 4.000 1.300
21 1.850 4.000 2.300
22 4.150 4.000 2.300
23 3.000 4.000 2.300
24 1.850 4.000 0.000
25 4.150 4.000 0.000

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Nodes Cont...
Node X Y Z
(m) (m) (m)
26 1.850 6.500 0.000
27 4.150 6.500 0.000
28 1.850 6.500 2.300
29 4.150 6.500 2.300

Beams
Beam Node A Node B Length Property 
(m) (degrees)
1 1 2 3.000 3 0
2 2 3 3.000 3 0
3 1 4 2.000 5 0
4 2 5 2.000 2 0
5 3 6 2.000 5 0
6 1 7 2.000 5 0
7 2 8 2.000 2 0
8 3 9 2.000 5 0
9 7 10 2.000 5 0
10 8 11 2.000 2 0
11 9 12 2.000 5 0
12 10 13 1.300 6 0
13 11 14 1.300 6 0
14 12 15 1.300 6 0
18 7 8 3.000 4 0
19 8 9 3.000 4 0
20 10 24 1.850 7 0
21 11 25 1.150 7 0
22 13 19 1.850 7 0
25 20 15 1.850 7 0
26 19 21 1.000 7 0
27 20 22 1.000 7 0
28 21 23 1.150 7 0
29 23 22 1.150 7 0
30 14 23 1.000 6 0
31 24 11 1.150 7 0
32 25 12 1.850 7 0
33 24 26 2.500 5 0
34 25 27 2.500 5 0
35 21 28 2.500 5 0
36 22 29 2.500 5 0

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Plates
Plate Node A Node B Node C Node D Property

37 10 11 14 13 1
38 19 14 23 21 1
39 11 12 15 14 1
40 14 20 22 23 1

Section Properties
Prop Section Area Iyy Izz J Material
(cm2) (cm4) (cm4) (cm4)
2 Rect 0.50x0.50 2.5E+3 521E+3 521E+3 879E+3 CONCRETE
3 Rect 0.40x0.30 1.2E+3 90E+3 160E+3 194E+3 CONCRETE
4 Rect 0.50x0.25 1.25E+3 65.1E+3 260E+3 179E+3 CONCRETE
5 Rect 0.30x0.30 900.000 67.5E+3 67.5E+3 114E+3 CONCRETE
6 Rect 0.30x0.25 750.000 39.1E+3 56.3E+3 77.5E+3 CONCRETE
7 Rect 0.40x0.20 800.000 26.7E+3 107E+3 73.2E+3 CONCRETE

Plate Thickness
Prop Node A Node B Node C Node D Material
(cm) (cm) (cm) (cm)
1 10.000 10.000 10.000 10.000 CONCRETE

Materials
Mat Name E  Density 
(kN/mm2) (kg/m3) (/°C)
1 STEEL 205.000 0.300 7.83E+3 12E -6
2 STAINLESSSTEEL 197.930 0.300 7.83E+3 18E -6
3 ALUMINUM 68.948 0.330 2.71E+3 23E -6
4 CONCRETE 21.718 0.170 2.4E+3 10E -6

Supports
Node X Y Z rX rY rZ
(kN/mm) (kN/mm) (kN/mm) (kN-m/deg) (kN-m/deg) (kN-m/deg)
4 Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed
5 Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed
6 Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed

Releases
There is no data of this type.

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Reference Load Cases

Number Name Type

R1 DL Dead

Primary Load Cases

Number Name Type

1 EX Seismic
2 EZ Seismic
3 DL Dead
4 LL Live

Combination Load Cases

Comb. Combination L/C Name Primary Primary L/C Name Factor

5 Generated ACI Table1 1 3 DL 1.40

6 Generated ACI Table1 2 3 DL 1.20
4 LL 1.60
7 Generated ACI Table1 3 3 DL 1.20
4 LL 1.00
8 Generated ACI Table1 4 3 DL 1.20
9 Generated ACI Table1 5 3 DL 1.20
4 LL 1.00
1 EX 1.00
10 Generated ACI Table1 6 3 DL 1.20
4 LL 1.00
2 EZ 1.00
11 Generated ACI Table1 7 3 DL 0.90
12 Generated ACI Table1 8 3 DL 0.90
1 EX 1.00
13 Generated ACI Table1 9 3 DL 0.90
2 EZ 1.00

UBC Loading Definition

Zone Importance Rw X Rw Z Site Ct Period X Period Z Accidental
Z Factor Soil (sec) (sec) Torsion
0.400 1.000 8.500 8.500 4.000 0.073 - - No

Selfweight not included

1 EX : Seismic Loading
Code Direction Factor

UBC X 1.000

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2 EZ : Seismic Loading
Code Direction Factor

UBC Z 1.000

3 DL : Reference Loads
Ref Name Factor

R1 EX -1.000

4 LL : Node Loads
Node FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
26 - -5.000 - - - -
27 - -5.000 - - - -
28 - -5.000 - - - -
29 - -5.000 - - - -

3D Rendered View (Input data was modified after picture taken)

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27

26

29

28
12

25
15
11
24 20
14
10 22
19
23 9
13 21

7
3

1
6

Y
X 5
Z Load 4
4

Node Number (Input data was modified after picture taken)

34

33
32 14
36
21
31 2511
3513
20 27
10 30 29
12 22 26 28
19
9
8
18

2
6
5
1

Y 3
X
Z Load 4

Beam Number (Input data was modified after picture taken)

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-5.000 kN

-5.000 kN

27 -5.000 kN

26 -5.000 kN

29
-8.567 kN/m

28 -4.711kN/m
-4.211 kN/m
12
2*-6.433
25 kN/m
-4.711
-4.211kN/m
kN/m 15
11 2*-4.738 kN/m
-1.789 kN/m
-8.567 kN/m -0.342 kN/m
24 20
14 -3.394 kN/m
10 -1.789 kN/m 22
-0.342
19 kN/mkN/m
-3.394
-6.220 kN/m23 9
13 21

-6.220 kN/m 8

7
-6.220 kN/m 3

-6.220 kN/m 2

1
6

Y
X 5
Z Load 3
4

Dead Load (Input data was modified after picture taken)

-5.000 kN

-5.000 kN

27 -5.000 kN

26 -5.000 kN

29

28 -4.112 kN/m
12
-2.261kN/m
-2.021 kN/m
25 15
-2.021kN/m
-2.261 11
kN/m 2*-3.088 kN/m-0.859 kN/m
24 -0.164 kN/m
20
2*-2.274 kN/m
14
10 -4.112 kN/m -0.859 kN/m 22
-0.164 kN/m -1.629 kN/m
19
-1.629 kN/m23 9
13 21

7
3

1
6

Y
X 5
Z Load 4
4

Live Load (Input data was modified after picture taken)

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27
1.808 kN

26
1.808 kN
29
1.808 kN

28
1.808 kN 12
1.827 kN
25kN
1.737 15 kN
11 1.511
24 3.112 kN 20 kN
0.776
1.737 kN
14
10 22 kN
1.827 kN 19 2.994
0.776 kN
kN 1.247
23kN 9
1.622 2.000 kN
13 kN 21 kN
1.247
1.511
8
4.367 kN

7
2.000 kN 3 kN
0.990

2
2.164 kN

1 kN
0.990
6

Y
X 5
Z Load 1
4

Seismic at X-direction (Input data was modified after picture taken)

1.808 kN
27
1.808 kN
26
1.808 kN
29
1.808 kN
28 1.827 kN
12
1.737 kN
3.112 kN 25 1.511 kN
15
1.737 kN 11
24 2.994 kN 0.776
20 kN
1.827 kN 14 1.247 kN
10 0.776 222.000 kN
19 kN 1.622 kN
23 9
1.511 kN 1.247
4.367 kN kN
13 21

2.000 kN
7
0.990
3 kN

2.164 kN
2

0.990
1 kN
6

Y
X 5
Z Load 2
4

Seismic at Z-direction (Input data was modified after picture taken)

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Beam End Force Summary

The signs of the forces at end B of each beam have been reversed. For example: this means that the Min Fx entry gives the largest
tension value for an beam.
Axial Shear Torsion Bending
Beam Node L/C Fx Fy Fz Mx My Mz
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
Max Fx 4 5 3:DL 192.043 -0.000 2.697 0.000 124.664 -0.000
Min Fx 3 1 1:EX -29.092 6.592 2.783 -0.994 0.207 5.376
Max Fy 13 11 3:DL -4.290 40.224 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 65.916
Min Fy 31 11 3:DL 0.232 -16.216 0.059 2.438 0.081 10.743
Max Fz 4 2 2:EZ 0.525 0.000 32.029 0.000 120.968 0.000
Min Fz 7 2 2:EZ 0.535 -0.000 -29.586 0.000 120.599 0.000
Max Mx 25 20 3:DL 2.192 -4.984 -0.160 8.103 0.177 -6.396
Min Mx 7 2 1:EX -0.000 21.863 -0.000 -11.045 0.000 18.953
Max My 4 5 2:EZ 0.525 0.000 32.029 0.000 185.027 -0.000
Min My 5 6 1:EX 29.092 6.592 -2.783 -0.994 -5.774 -7.809
Max Mz 13 11 3:DL -4.290 40.224 -0.000 -0.000 0.000 65.916
Min Mz 4 5 1:EX -0.000 28.484 0.000 -8.933 0.000 -44.602

Reactions
Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Moment
Node L/C FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)
4 1:EX -6.592 -29.092 -2.783 -5.774 -0.994 7.809
2:EZ 0.002 -0.263 -4.819 -24.873 -0.091 -0.001
3:DL 1.335 64.969 1.349 -12.854 0.761 -0.868
4:LL 0.023 7.425 0.375 -4.000 0.212 -0.014
5 1:EX -28.484 -0.000 -0.000 -0.000 -8.933 44.602
2:EZ -0.000 0.525 -32.029 -185.027 0.000 0.000
3:DL 0.000 192.043 -2.697 -124.664 0.000 0.000
4:LL 0.000 30.046 -0.750 -37.945 0.000 0.000
6 1:EX -6.592 29.092 2.783 5.774 -0.994 7.809
2:EZ -0.002 -0.263 -4.819 -24.873 0.091 0.001
3:DL -1.335 64.969 1.349 -12.854 -0.761 0.868
4:LL -0.023 7.425 0.375 -4.000 -0.212 0.014

Failed Members
There is no data of this type.

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DESIGN OF FOOTING
JOB INFORMATION
PROJECT ENGR JOB #
SUBJECT DESIGN OF FOOTING F-1 DATE 13/12/2024 SHT # 1

DL 65.00 kN node: 6 P
LL 8.00 kN
DESIGN PARAMETER M Rebar along L
V
Ps = 73.00 KN
Pu = 90.80 KN

embedment
Ms = 0 KNm d
c1
Mu = 0 KNm
B
Embedment = 2.00 meter c2
Density, g = 17.00 KN/m3

"t"
qall = 154 KPa
Minimum "t" = 300 mm
Minimum "L" = 1.5 meter L L
Increment of L = 100 mm
Increment of t = 50 mm Rebar along B
bar f = 16 mm
c1 = 600 mm L/B Ratio = 1.00
c2 = 600 mm as = 40.00
f'c = 21 Mpa qu = 40.36 KPa
fy = 275 Mpa b= 1.000

DIMENSION REQUIRED
Areqd = 0.474
B= 0.7 meter say B = 1.50 meter
L= 0.7 meter say L = 1.50 meter

SINGLE SHEAR
Vud = qu[0.5(L - c1) - d]B
fVc = f(f'c)1/2Bd/6
Effective, d = 26.34 mm
t = 109.34 trial t = 300.00 mm

CHECK PUNCHING
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3
d= 217 mm trial t ok mm trial t ok mm
bo = 3268 mm ---- mm ---- mm
Pup = 64 KN ---- KN ---- KN
f(f'c)1/2bod/3 = 812 safe ---- ---- ---- ----
f[1/6+1/3b](f'c)1/2bod = 1219 safe ---- ---- ---- ----
f[1/6+asd/12bo](f'c)1/2bod = 946 safe ---- ---- ---- ----

BENDING d = 217
Mu = 6.13 steel ratio, r = 0.0051
rrqrd = 0.0004 required As = 1657.09
rmin = 0.0051 number of bars = 8.24
say = 9.00 pcs - 16 mmf Both Ways
USE t = 300 mm
 COLUMN EDGE FOOTING DESIGN
F-2
Input Parameters:
Concrete Strenght, fc' = 21 Mpa Longitudinal Bar, Ax = 14
20 mmØ
Rebar yield strength, fy = 275 Mpa Traverse Bar, Ay = 14
Net allowable Soil Pressure, qa = 154 kPa Left edge, dx = -0.85 m, 0 from center
Footing Embedment Depth, Df = 2.3 m Loc Y - dir, dy = 0 m, 0 from center 0
Surcharge, qs = 25.6 kPa Depth, Cx = 0.5 m
Soil Weight, ws = 16 kN/m³ Width, Cy = 0.5 m
Footing Thickness, t = 0.4 m Load, Pd = 193 KN
Length, L = 2.2 m Load, Pl = 31 KN
Width, B = 2.2 m Moment X, Mx= 186 KNm Check Soil Bearing Capacity
Clear Covering, c = 75 mm Moment y, My= 0 KNm
Check Soil Bearing Capacity Check Thickness ; Two-way

Applied Load, Pd + Pl = 224.00

Surcharge, qs (LB) = 123.90 Check One-way Shear
Weigth Footing, (23.5-ws) tBL= 14.52
Pn = 362.42 kN Check Flexural Reinforceme
Mx = -122.06 KNm My = 0 KNm
ex = -0.337 < L/6 = 0.3667 m
ey = 0.000 < B/6 = 0.367 m
Check Tension Contolled Lim
P 6M < 154.00
qnx(max) = + = 143.66
BL L²B Pass!
P 6M < 154.00
qny(max) = + = 74.88
BL B²L Pass!

Check Thickness ; Two-way Shear

Applied Load, 1.2Pd + 1.6Pl = 281.20

Surcharge, 1.2 qs (LB) = 148.68
Weigth Footing, 1.2(23.5-ws) tLB = 17.42
Pu = 447.31
Mx = -194.21 My = 0
ex = -0.43 m > L/6 = 0.3667
ey = 0.00 m < B/6 = 0.3667
qumaxx = 201.855 qumaxy = 92.41917 Kpa
d = 0.305 m
Vux = Pu - qux (Cx+d/2)(Cy+d) = 354.35 KN
Vuy = Pu - quy (Cx+d/2)(Cy+d) = 398.76 KN Check Flexural Reinforcement; Asmin = 0.002Bt
bo = 2(D1 + d) 2(W1 + d) = 2.11 m Mux = Bx²/6 (qux + 2qumin) Muy = By²/6 (quy + 2qumin)
Ø Vc1 = Ø 0.33 √fc' bo d = 729.91 KN Mux = 125.12 KNm, Muy = 73.45 KNm
bc = Long/short side of column 1 ,αs = 30 Asx = 4398.23 mm², Asy = 4398.23 mm²
Ø Vc2 = Ø[1+(2/βc)].17 √f'c bo d = 1128.04 KN Asmx = 1760.00 mm², Asmy = 1760.00 mm²
Ø Vc3 = Ø[2+(αs d/βc)].083 √f'c bo d = 2046.94 KN Sx = 136.154 mm, Sy = 136.2 mm (Smax=450mm)
Ø Vc = min, Ø (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 729.91 KN ax = Asx fy / 0.85 fc' B = 30.80 mm
Must, ØVc > Vu, 729.91 > 398.76 Pass! ay = Asy fy / 0.85 fc' L = 30.80 mm
Check One-way Shear; Check Tension Contolled Limit Ø = 0.9
Vux = .5 (qux+qumin)x d B = 160.74 KN ax/d = 0.101 ay/d = 0.101
Vuy = .5 (quy+qumin)y d L = 110.81 KN ab/d = 0.583 > ax/d & ay/d,
ØVcx = Ø 0.17 √fc' B d = 392.05 KN Pass! ØMnx = ØAsx fy(d-ax/2) = 315.25 > 125.12 Pass!
ØVcy = Ø 0.17 √fc' L d = 392.05 KN Pass! ØMny = ØAsy fy(d-ay/2) = 315.25 > 73.45 Pass!

Therefore use, 2.2x2.2x0.4m thick Footing with 20mmØ Tension Bar Grade (40) sp. @ 136.153846153846mm and 136mm
along BL respectively O.C.
3

3
Therefore use,
 1. Fill up on Blue Color Only
2. If
design is

3. Copy

4. Save
0.85

Input forces here

P1 My MZ
111 17 -13

Check Soil Bearing Capacity 0 2.2 0 2.2

6.10 < 154.00 -201.86 17.02 -92.42 -92.42
74.88 < 154.00
Check Thickness ; Two-way Shear
#REF! 354.35
#REF! SOIL PRESSURE
354.35 ALONG X @ FACTORED LOADS
Check One-way Shear
50
392.051
0
Check Flexural Reinforcement
0 2.2
-
-50
#REF! 73.4501
0 - 0
-100
Check Tension Contolled Limit
ØMny = 0.000
-150
#REF! 0 0.000
-200
6.10 74.881
-250
143.66 74.881
-17.0169 92.4192 Series1 Series2
201.855 92.4192 Y - 1way
Max 201.86 92.42 X - Twoway Positive
Min -17.02SOIL92.42
PRESSURE ALONG Positive
Y @ FACTORED
Negative LOADS
Tip20 218.87 0.00 X 0.25 1.95 0.545
-30.3436 0 24.8718 194 0
0
-47.36 92.42 quX 7.85 176.98 qu 92.42
0 2.2
Vu
-20 = 21.5986 110.811 b1, b2 0.6525 0.805 Vu 110.811
24.8718 0 Area Punch 0.52526 Vumax 110.811
-40 7.85 92.42 Fu 4.13 92.96
6.32325 120.607 Vux 443.18 354.35
-60 16.574 97.0887 X - Twoway
1way Positive
-80
Vu = 430.73 350.22 0.81 1.40 1.10
-100 X 1.50 0.70 0.00
136.154 Series1 149.48
Series2 69.39 quY 92.42
quX 132.46 52.38 Area Punch 0.53
1002796 Vux 406.53 160.74 Fu 48.54
39.27 Vux 398.76
25535.94029 Moment X
25.5359 Pos Neg
0.5 1.7 1.7
49.74 169.13
qu 32.73 152.11
332011 332011 Mu 462.48 125.12315
16763.8 16763.8
315248 315248 Moment Y
315.248 315.248 Pos Neg
0.85
Y 0.85 1.35 0.85
x m 0 0 0
Therefore use,
2.2x2.2x0.4m quy 92.42 92.42 92.42
Mu 73.4501 73.450138 73.4501
Mu 73.4501 73.4501
DESIGN OF COLUMN
 DESIGN OF COLUMN C-1
Design Requirements:
f'c = 21.0 MPa
fy = 275.0 MPa
Φc = 0.7 MPa

FROM STAAD:
Dead Load Calculation:

DL = -

Live Load Calculation: W

LL = -

a
Ultimate Limit State:
Pu = 1.2DL +1.6LL b L
Pu= 65 KN Check:
Pg = Ast / Ag (0.01 - 0.08)
a = - Pg = 0.0179 good!
b = -
L = - Design of Lateral Ties:
W = - dt = 10Ø mm
factor:
𝑎∗𝑏 Spacing:
f= = 1.00
𝐿∗𝑊 16db = 256 mm
48dt = 480 mm
Required Axial Load of Column "Pr": least dimension = 300 mm
Pr = Pu * f
Pr = 65.00 kN USE: 200 mm spacing

Capacity of Column "Po":

Po = (0.85)(f'c)(An) + (fy)(Ast) Result:
Assume:
x = 300 mm 8 - 16Ø mm vertical bars
y = 300 mm with lateral ties spaced @
db = 8 - 16Ø mm 1-50mm, 6-75mm, 6-100mm @rest 200 mm
Ast = 1608 mm^2
Ag = 90000.00 mm^2 300 mm
An = 88392.32 mm^2

Po = 2019915 N
Po = 2019.91 kN 300 mm

Ultimate Capacity:
Pu = (Φc)(0.85)(Po)
Pu = 1201.85 kN
(safe resistance)
Pu>Pr = okay safe!
 DESIGN OF COLUMN C-2
Design Requirements:
f'c = 21.0 MPa
fy = 275 MPa
Φc = 0.7

FROM STAAD:
Dead Load Calculation:

DL = 193.00 kN

Live Load Calculation: W

LL = 31.00 kN

a
Ultimate Limit State:
Pu = 1.2DL +1.6LL b L
Pu= 281 KN Check:
Pg = Ast / Ag (0.01 - 0.08)
a = - Pg = 0.0151 good!
b = -
L = - Design of Lateral Ties:
W = - dt = 10Ø mm
factor:
𝑎∗𝑏 Maximum Spacing:
f= = 1.00
𝐿∗𝑊 16db = 320 mm
48dt = 480 mm
Required Axial Load of Column "Pr": least dimension = 500 mm
Pr = Pu * f
Pr = 281.20 kN USE: 320 mm
say 200 mm
Capacity of Column "Po":
Po = (0.85)(f'c)(An) + (fy)(Ast) Result:
Assume:
x = 500 mm 12 - 20Ø mm vertical bars
y = 500 mm with lateral ties spaced @ 1-50
db = 12 - 20Ø mm 6-75mm, 6-100mm @rest 200 mm
Ast = 3768 mm^2
Ag = 250000.00 mm^2 500 mm
An = 246232.00 mm^2

Po = 5498700 N
Po = 5498.70 kN 500 mm

Ultimate Capacity:
Pu = (Φc)(0.85)(Po)
Pu = 3271.73 kN
(safe resistance)
Pu>Pr = okay safe!
 DESIGN OF COLUMN PC-1
Design Requirements:
f'c = 21.0 MPa
fy = 275.0 MPa
Φc = 0.7 MPa

FROM STAAD:
Dead Load Calculation:

DL = -

Live Load Calculation: W

LL = -

a
Ultimate Limit State:
Pu = 1.2DL +1.6LL b L
Pu= 11 KN Check:
Pg = Ast / Ag (0.01 - 0.08)
a = - Pg = 0.0201 good!
b = -
L = - Design of Lateral Ties:
W = - dt = 10Ø mm
factor:
𝑎∗𝑏 Spacing:
f= = 1.00
𝐿∗𝑊 16db = 256 mm
48dt = 480 mm
Required Axial Load of Column "Pr": least dimension = 200 mm
Pr = Pu * f
Pr = 11.00 kN USE: 200 mm spacing

Capacity of Column "Po":

Po = (0.85)(f'c)(An) + (fy)(Ast) Result:
Assume:
x = 200 mm 4 - 16Ø mm vertical bars
y = 200 mm with lateral ties spaced @
db = 4 - 16Ø mm 1-50mm, 6-100mm @rest 200 mm
Ast = 804 mm^2
Ag = 40000.00 mm^2 200 mm
An = 39196.16 mm^2

Po = 920707 N
Po = 920.71 kN 200 mm

Ultimate Capacity:
Pu = (Φc)(0.85)(Po)
Pu = 547.82 kN
(safe resistance)
Pu>Pr = okay safe!
DESIGN OF BEAM
 FOOTING TIE BEAM - FTB
AT SUPPORTS
FROM STAAD
Mu = 16 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ØPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 195.2037 mm
let b = d/2
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b = 92.95412 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦
SAY 300 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ØPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 93.54305 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 151.543
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 400 mm
As = 224.311 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 342
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 93.54305
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 522.327 sq. mm N= 3.116 pcs
SAY 4 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 2911.228 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p =
𝑏𝑑
0.0284 < 0.001869 < 0.0051 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 16 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 11.5193
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam = Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 18.667 > 16
okay!

DETAILS
H = 400 mm
B = 300 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 4 pcs
FOOTING TIE BEAM - FTB FOOTING TIE BEAM - FTB
AT SUPPORTS AT MIDSPAN
FROM STAAD
Mu = 16 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ΦPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d= 195.2037 mm
let b = d/2
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b = 97.60183 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦
SAY 300 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ΦPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 93.54305 mm
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢 Steel Cover = 58
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 151.543
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 400 mm
As = 224.311 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
mm Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 342 mm
mm 𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 93.54305 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 522.327 sq. mm N= 3.1 pcs
SAY 4 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 2911.228 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p =
𝑏𝑑
522.3273 < 224.311 < 2911.228 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 16 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 11.51926
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam
= Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 18.667 > 16
okay!

DETAILS
H = 400 mm
B = 300 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 4 pcs
 SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS
FROM STAAD
Vu = 59 kN
phi = 0.75
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

d = 342 mm
b = 300 mm

Factored shear strength provided by the concrete

𝑉𝑐 = Φ0.17𝜆 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 λ=1.0

ΦVc = 59.9470 kN

Nominal shear strength provided by the steel

𝑉𝑢 − фVc
Vs = = -1.2626 kN
ф
Use Minimum Reinforcements!

Spacing
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑆=
𝑉𝑠
S = -11700.6 mm

Maximum spacing provided by the Code

0.33 𝑓𝑐′bwd = 155.1568479 kN

When Vs < 0.33√(fc')bwd

Smax = d/2 or 600mm for non-prestressed
= 0.75h = 300 say 250 mm
When Vs > 0.33√(fc')bwd
Smax = d/4 or 300mm for non-prestressed

Smax = 171 mm say 150 mm

Use computed spacing
S= 250 mm

CHECK CODE
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = (Shear provided by the spacing)
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
= 59.09336 kN

0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑
= 310.314 kN
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = ≤ 0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 OK!
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
 B-1
AT SUPPORTS
FROM STAAD
Mu = 20 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ØPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 210.2768 mm
let b = d/1.5
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b = 140.1845 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 SAY 250 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ØPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 114.5664 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 172.5664
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 500 mm
As = 209.519 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 442 mm
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 114.5664 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 562.545 sq. mm N= 3.043 pcs
SAY 4 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 3135.387 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p=
𝑏𝑑
0.0284 < 0.001676 < 0.0051 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 20 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 12.9116
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam = Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 22.586 > 20
okay!

DETAILS
H = 500 mm
B = 250 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 4 pcs
 B-1
AT MIDSPAN
FROM STAAD
Mu = 20 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ΦPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 210.2768 mm
let b = d/1.5
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b = 105.1384 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 SAY 250 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ΦPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 114.5664 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 172.5664
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 500 mm
As = 209.519 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 442 mm
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 114.5664 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 562.545 sq. mm N= 3.04 pcs
SAY 4 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 3135.387 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p=
𝑏𝑑
562.5455 < 209.519 < 3135.387 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 20 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 12.91156
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam
= Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 22.586 > 20
okay!

DETAILS
H = 500 mm
B = 250 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 4 pcs
 SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS
FROM STAAD
Vu = 59 kN
phi = 0.75
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

d = 442 mm
b = 250 mm

Factored shear strength provided by the concrete

𝑉𝑐 = Φ0.17𝜆 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 λ=1.0

ΦVc = 64.5628 kN

Nominal shear strength provided by the steel

𝑉𝑢 − фVc
Vs = = -7.4170 kN
ф
Use Minimum Reinforcements!

Spacing
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑆=
𝑉𝑠
S = -2574.219 mm

Maximum spacing provided by the Code

0.33 𝑓𝑐′bwd = 167.1036227 kN

When Vs < 0.33√(fc')bwd

Smax = d/2 or 600mm for non-prestressed
= 0.75h = 375 say 250 mm
When Vs > 0.33√(fc')bwd
Smax = d/4 or 300mm for non-prestressed

Smax = 221 mm say 200 mm

Use computed spacing
S= 200 mm

CHECK CODE
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = (Shear provided by the spacing)
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
= 95.46515 kN

0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑
= 334.207 kN
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = ≤ 0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 OK!
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
 B-2
AT SUPPORTS
FROM STAAD
Mu = 11 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ØPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 172.2842 mm
let b = d/1.5
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b = 114.8562 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 SAY 250 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ØPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 84.96469 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 142.9647
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 400 mm
As = 153.816 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 342 mm
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 84.96469 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 435.273 sq. mm N= 3.765 pcs
SAY 4 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 2426.024 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p=
𝑏𝑑
0.0284 < 0.001538 < 0.0051 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 11 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 9.4789
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam = Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 12.839 > 11
okay!

DETAILS
H = 400 mm
B = 250 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 4 pcs
 B-2
AT MIDSPAN
FROM STAAD
Mu = 7 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ΦPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 148.1883 mm
let b = d/1.5
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b = 74.09416 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 SAY 250 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ΦPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 84.96469 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 142.9647
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 400 mm
As = 97.455 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 342 mm
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 84.96469 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 435.273 sq. mm N= 3.48 pcs
SAY 2 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 2426.024 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p=
𝑏𝑑
435.2727 < 97.455 < 2426.024 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 7 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 6.005617
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam
= Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 8.177 > 7
okay!

DETAILS
H = 400 mm
B = 250 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 2 pcs
 SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS
FROM STAAD
Vu = 59 kN
phi = 0.75
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

d = 342 mm
b = 250 mm

Factored shear strength provided by the concrete

𝑉𝑐 = Φ0.17𝜆 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 λ=1.0

ΦVc = 49.9558 kN

Nominal shear strength provided by the steel

𝑉𝑢 − фVc
Vs = = 12.0589 kN
ф
Shear Reinforcements are required!

Spacing
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑆=
𝑉𝑠
S = 1225.095 mm

Maximum spacing provided by the Code

0.33 𝑓𝑐′bwd = 129.2973732 kN

When Vs < 0.33√(fc')bwd

Smax = d/2 or 600mm for non-prestressed
= 0.75h = 300 say 250 mm
When Vs > 0.33√(fc')bwd
Smax = d/4 or 300mm for non-prestressed

Smax = 171 mm say 200 mm

Use Minimum Reinforcements
S= 200 mm

CHECK CODE
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = (Shear provided by the spacing)
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
= 73.8667 kN

0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑
= 258.595 kN
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = ≤ 0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 OK!
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
 CB-1
AT SUPPORTS
FROM STAAD
Mu = 20 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ØPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 210.2768 mm
let b = d/1.5
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b = 140.1845 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 SAY 200 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ØPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 128.0891 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 186.0891
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 300 mm
As = 438.651 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 242 mm
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 128.0891 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 246.400 sq. mm N= 2.183 pcs
SAY 3 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 1373.328 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p=
𝑏𝑑
0.0284 < 0.007311 < 0.0051 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 20 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 33.7896
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam = Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 24.439 > 20
okay!

DETAILS
H = 300 mm
B = 200 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 3 pcs
 CB-1
AT MIDSPAN
FROM STAAD
Mu = 3 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ΦPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 111.7262 mm
let b = d/1.5
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b= 55.8631 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 SAY 200 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ΦPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 128.0891 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 186.0891
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 300 mm
As = 62.595 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 242 mm
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 128.0891 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 246.400 sq. mm N= 1.31 pcs
SAY 2 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 1373.328 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p=
𝑏𝑑
246.4000 < 62.595 < 1373.328 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 3 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 4.821756
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam
= Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 3.712 > 3
okay!

DETAILS
H = 300 mm
B = 200 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 2 pcs
 SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS
FROM STAAD
Vu = 59 kN
phi = 0.75
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

d = 242 mm
b = 200 mm

Factored shear strength provided by the concrete

𝑉𝑐 = Φ0.17𝜆 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 λ=1.0

ΦVc = 28.2791 kN

Nominal shear strength provided by the steel

𝑉𝑢 − фVc
Vs = = 40.9612 kN
ф
Shear Reinforcements are required!

Spacing
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑆=
𝑉𝑠
S = 255.2084 mm

Maximum spacing provided by the Code

0.33 𝑓𝑐′bwd = 73.192899 kN

When Vs < 0.33√(fc')bwd

Smax = d/2 or 600mm for non-prestressed
= 0.75h = 225 say 250 mm
When Vs > 0.33√(fc')bwd
Smax = d/4 or 300mm for non-prestressed

Smax = 121 mm say 200 mm

Use Minimum Reinforcements
S= 200 mm

CHECK CODE
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = (Shear provided by the spacing)
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
= 52.26825 kN

0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑
= 146.386 kN
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = ≤ 0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 OK!
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
 CB-2
AT SUPPORTS
FROM STAAD
Mu = 66 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ØPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 313.0612 mm
let b = d/1.5
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b = 208.7075 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 SAY 250 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ØPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 208.1201 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 266.1201
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 400 mm
As = 987.003 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 342 mm
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 208.1201 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 435.273 sq. mm N= 5.911 pcs
SAY 6 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 2426.024 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p=
𝑏𝑑
0.0284 < 0.00987 < 0.0051 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 66 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 60.8237
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam = Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 76.116 > 66
okay!

DETAILS
H = 400 mm
B = 250 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 6 pcs
 CB-2
AT MIDSPAN
FROM STAAD
Mu = 4 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ΦPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 122.9706 mm
let b = d/1.5
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b= 61.4853 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 SAY 250 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ΦPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 208.1201 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 266.1201
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 400 mm
As = 55.508 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 342 mm
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 208.1201 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 435.273 sq. mm N= 1.28 pcs
SAY 2 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 2426.024 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p=
𝑏𝑑
435.2727 < 55.508 < 2426.024 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 4 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 3.420645
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam
= Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 4.675 > 4
okay!

DETAILS
H = 400 mm
B = 250 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 2 pcs
 SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS
FROM STAAD
Vu = 59 kN
phi = 0.75
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

d = 342 mm
b = 250 mm

Factored shear strength provided by the concrete

𝑉𝑐 = Φ0.17𝜆 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 λ=1.0

ΦVc = 49.9558 kN

Nominal shear strength provided by the steel

𝑉𝑢 − фVc
Vs = = 12.0589 kN
ф
Shear Reinforcements are required!

Spacing
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑆=
𝑉𝑠
S = 1225.095 mm

Maximum spacing provided by the Code

0.33 𝑓𝑐′bwd = 129.2973732 kN

When Vs < 0.33√(fc')bwd

Smax = d/2 or 600mm for non-prestressed
= 0.75h = 300 say 250 mm
When Vs > 0.33√(fc')bwd
Smax = d/4 or 300mm for non-prestressed

Smax = 171 mm say 200 mm

Use Minimum Reinforcements
S= 200 mm

CHECK CODE
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = (Shear provided by the spacing)
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
= 73.8667 kN

0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑
= 258.595 kN
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = ≤ 0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 OK!
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
 CB-3
AT SUPPORTS
FROM STAAD
Mu = 9 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ØPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 161.1371 mm
let b = d/1.5
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b = 107.4247 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 SAY 200 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ØPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 85.92477 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 143.9248
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 400 mm
As = 125.884 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 342 mm
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 85.92477 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 348.218 sq. mm N= 0.626 pcs
SAY 2 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 1940.819 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p=
𝑏𝑑
0.0284 < 0.001574 < 0.0051 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 9 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 9.6970
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam = Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 10.504 > 9
okay!

DETAILS
H = 400 mm
B = 200 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 2 pcs
 CB-3
AT MIDSPAN
FROM STAAD
Mu = 7 kN-m
phi = 0.9
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

If fc’<28, use β1=0.85; if fc’>56, use β1=0.65; if 28<fc’<56

ß1 = 0.85
fc = 0.85fc'
= 17.85
STEEL RATIOS BEAM DIMENSION DESIGN

Trial Steel Ratio Trial Depth

𝑓𝑐′ 0.003 2 ∗ 𝑀𝑢
p(trial) = 0.85 ß1 𝑑 =3
𝑓𝑦 0.008 𝑓𝑦
ΦPfy 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′
= 0.0207
Balanced Steel Ratio d = 148.1883 mm
let b = d/1.5
𝑓𝑐 ′ 600
pb = 0.85 ß1 b = 74.09416 mm
𝑓𝑦 600 + 𝑓𝑦 SAY 200 mm
= 0.0378
Computed depth using provided base
𝑀𝑢
𝑑=
𝑓𝑦
ΦPfyb 1 − 0.59𝑃
𝑓𝑐′

REINFORCEMENTS d = 85.92477 mm
Steel Cover = 58
0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑 2𝑀𝑢
Required Steel Area (As) = (1 − 1 − ) h= 143.9248
𝑓𝑦 Ø0.85𝑓𝑐 ′ 𝑏𝑑2
SAY 400 mm
As = 97.641 sq.mm
DEPTH CHECK: okay!
CHECK CODE: Actual > Theoretical
Minimum Steel Area: Actual Effective depth 342 mm
𝑓𝑐′ 1.4 Theoretical Effective depth 85.92477 mm
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 = but not less than
4𝑓𝑦 𝑓𝑦

= 0.0051
No. of bars = Area of Steel / Area of Bar
Asmin = pmin x b x d Use = 16 mm-D Rebar
= 348.218 sq. mm N= 0.49 pcs
SAY 2 pcs
Maximum Steel Ratio
pmax = 0.75Pb
= 0.0284
Asmax = pmax x b x d
= 1940.819 sq. mm

The Required Area of Steel is in between Asmin and Asmax

CHECKING:
Steel ratio of the designed beam = 𝐴𝑠
p=
𝑏𝑑
348.2182 < 97.641 < 1940.819 okay!

Moment from Analysis = 7 kN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦
a = = 7.52138
0.85𝑓𝑐′𝑏
𝑎
Moment Capacity of Beam
= Ф𝐴𝑠𝑓𝑦(𝑑 − )
2
Mu = 8.174 > 7
okay!

DETAILS
H = 400 mm
B = 200 mm
Bar Size = 16 mm - D
Bar # = 2 pcs
 SHEAR REINFORCEMENTS
FROM STAAD
Vu = 59 kN
phi = 0.75
fy = 275 MPa
fc' = 21 MPa

d = 342 mm
b = 200 mm

Factored shear strength provided by the concrete

𝑉𝑐 = Φ0.17𝜆 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 λ=1.0

ΦVc = 39.9646 kN

Nominal shear strength provided by the steel

𝑉𝑢 − фVc
Vs = = 25.3805 kN
ф
Shear Reinforcements are required!

Spacing
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑆=
𝑉𝑠
S = 582.0749 mm

Maximum spacing provided by the Code

0.33 𝑓𝑐′bwd = 103.4378986 kN

When Vs < 0.33√(fc')bwd

Smax = d/2 or 600mm for non-prestressed
= 0.75h = 300 say 250 mm
When Vs > 0.33√(fc')bwd
Smax = d/4 or 300mm for non-prestressed

Smax = 171 mm say 200 mm

Use Minimum Reinforcements
S= 200 mm

CHECK CODE
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = (Shear provided by the spacing)
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)
= 73.8667 kN

0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑
= 206.876 kN
𝐴𝑣𝑓𝑦𝑡𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = ≤ 0.66 𝑓𝑐′𝑏𝑤𝑑 OK!
𝑆(𝑝𝑟𝑣)