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Pollinationr

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26 views3 pages

Pollinationr

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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Pollination  Reading  Comprehension                  
Name  ________________________________________  
 
Plants  use  the  process  of  pollination  to  transfer  their  genetic  information  from  one  
generation  to  the  next,  and  to  set  in  motion  their  process  of  reproduction.    
Reproduction  is  important  for  all  organisms—not  just  plants—because  it  keeps  a  
species  alive  and  preserves  its  genes  for  future  descendants.    Plants  can  either  cross-­
pollinate,  meaning  that  a  flower  is  pollinated  by  another  flower  of  the  same  species,  or  
self-­pollinate,  meaning  that  a  flower  pollinates  itself  or  is  pollinated  by  a  flower  on  the  
same  plant.  
 
While  many  animal  species  have  separate  male  and  female  counterparts,  a  plant  has  
both  male  and  female  parts  to  it.    The  female  part  is  called  the  pistil,  which  makes  
nectar  at  its  base;;  the  male  part  includes  thin  stalks  called  stamen.    Pollen  is  found  on  
the  anthers  at  the  very  tips  of  each  stamen.    Pollination  occurs  when  pollen  from  the  
anther  of  one  flower  is  transferred  to  the  pistil  of  another  flower.    The  pollen  then  
travels  down  the  pistil  and  fertilizes  egg  cells  in  the  plant’s  ovaries,  leading  to  the  
creation  of  seeds  and  fruits.    These  seeds  and  fruits  are  what  contain  the  plant’s  
genetic  information  and,  when  spread,  can  lead  to  growth  of  new  plants.  
 
The  process  of  pollination  requires  the  existence  of  pollinators  that  facilitate  the  
movement  of  pollen  from  one  flower  to  another.    These  pollinators  can  be  biotic,  
meaning  they  are  living  or  abiotic,  meaning  they  are  non-­living.  Some  examples  of  
abiotic  pollinators  include  wind  and  water  that  carry  pollen  from  place  to  place  so  it  
may  by  chance  come  into  contact  with  another  flower.    Butterflies,  bees,  insects,  and  
hummingbirds  are  examples  of  biotic  pollinators  that  land  on  flowers,  causing  the  
pollen  to  rub  onto  their  bodies  or  feeding  parts,  and  transfer  that  pollen  to  other  flowers  
as  they  fly  from  place  to  place.  
 
Most  plants  have  adaptations  to  increase  the  chances  they  are  pollinated.  Some  are  
adapted  to  attracting  bees  with  bright  colors  and  sweet  nectar.    The  bees  may  notice  
the  vibrant  colors  of  a  flower  and  land  on  it;;  while  they  collect  the  nectar  from  the  
flower,  pollen  from  the  anthers  may  rub  onto  it,  and  therefore  be  transferred  to  another  
flower  when  the  bee  searches  for  another  nectar  source.    Some  flowers  are  adapted  
for  pollination  by  a  single  source.  For  example,  some  flowers  in  tropical  rainforests  can  
only  be  pollinated  by  a  specific  species  of  hummingbird  with  specially-­adapted  bills  that  
can  fit  inside  the  flower!    
   
 
 
 
 
1.   Pollination  ensures…        
A.  bees  and  hummingbirds  have  food.  
B.  a  plant  reproduces.  
C.  certain  pollinators  have  specific  adaptations.  
D.  bees  will  be  attracted  to  certain  flowers.  
 
2.   A  flower  that  is  pollinated  by  another  flower  on  the  same  plant  is  an  
example  of  __________________________.              
A.  Abiotic  pollination  
B.  Cross-­pollination      
C.  Self-­pollination  
D.  Adaptive  pollination      
 
3.   Which  is  NOT  true?                  
A.  The  pistil  makes  nectar      
B.  Pollen  is  found  on  the  anthers        
C.  The  anthers  are  located  at  the  tips  of  the  stamen  
D.  The  stamen  in  the  female  part      
 
4.   Which  of  the  following  correctly  labels  the  main  idea  of  each  paragraph?      
A.  1  –  Introduction;;  2  –  Anatomy;;  3  –  The  Process  of  Pollination;;  4  -­  Adaptations  
B.  1  –  Introduction;;  2  –  The  Process  of  Pollination;;  3  –  Anatomy;;  4  -­  Adaptations  
C.  1  –  Introduction;;  2  –  Adaptations;;  3  –  The  Process  of  Pollination;;  4  -­  Anatomy    
D.  1  –  Introduction;;  2  –  Anatomy;;  3  –  Adaptations;;  4  –  The  Process  of  Pollination  
 
5.   To  which  of  the  following  questions  would  “wind  and  water”  be  the  
answer?          
A.  What  are  examples  of  biotic  pollinators?        
B.  What  are  the  most  common  examples  of  pollinators?    
C.  What  are  examples  of  abiotic  pollinators?    
D.  What  are  adaptations  that  plants  use  to  increase  the  chances  they  are  
pollinated?  
 
6.   Based  on  the  final  paragraph,  which  of  the  following  would  be  the  best  
definition  for  the  word  “adaptation?”      
A.  An  interesting  way  in  which  nature  works  
B.  Natural  rules  that  govern  survival  
C.  Something  that  has  an  effect  on  a  pollinator  
D.  Something  that  increases  the  chances  of  survival  or  reproduction  for  a  form  of  
life    
 
 
 
 
7.   What  question  is  answered  in  the  final  paragraph?      
A.  In  what  habitats  do  most  pollinators  live?    
B.  How  does  a  bee  pollinate  a  flower?    
C.  What  species  of  hummingbird  has  a  specially  adapted  bill  for  specific  flowers?    
D.  Are  hummingbirds  or  bees  more  effective  as  pollinators?        

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