Here are some of the most important questions from various chapters of Physics Class 12
CBSE Board 2025:
Chapter 1: Electrostatics
● Define electric flux. State Gauss's theorem in electrostatics. Using this theorem, derive an
expression for electric field intensity at a point due to a uniformly charged thin spherical
shell.
● Derive an expression for the electric field intensity at a point on the equatorial line of an
electric dipole.
● Derive the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor.
● Explain the working of a Van de Graaff generator.
Chapter 2: Current Electricity
● State Kirchhoff's laws and apply them to determine the currents in the different resistors of
the following circuit.
● Define resistivity of a material. Describe the experiment to determine the resistivity of a
given material in the form of a wire.
● Derive an expression for the drift velocity of free electrons in a conductor carrying current.
● State the principle of potentiometer. Explain how a potentiometer is used to compare the
emfs of two primary cells.
Chapter 3: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
● State Biot-Savart law. Using this law, derive an expression for the magnetic field at a point
on the axis of a circular current loop.
● Derive an expression for the force on a current-carrying conductor placed in a uniform
magnetic field.
● State the principle of a moving coil galvanometer. Explain its working.
● Describe the construction and working of a cyclotron.
Chapter 4: Electromagnetic Induction
● State Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction.
● Derive an expression for the emf induced in a coil rotating with uniform angular velocity in
a uniform magnetic field.
● Explain the working of an ac generator.
● Define self-inductance and mutual inductance.
Chapter 5: Alternating Current
● Derive an expression for the impedance of an LCR circuit connected to an ac source.
● Draw a phasor diagram to represent the voltage and current in an LCR circuit.
● Explain the phenomenon of resonance in an LCR circuit.
● Define power factor of an ac circuit.
Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Waves
● What are electromagnetic waves? How are they produced?
● State the characteristics of electromagnetic waves.
● Explain the uses of electromagnetic waves.
Chapter 7: Optics
● Derive the lens maker's formula.
● Explain the working of a compound microscope.
● Derive the expression for the fringe width in Young's double-slit experiment.
● Explain the phenomenon of diffraction of light.
Chapter 8: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
● State the photoelectric effect.
● Derive Einstein's photoelectric equation.
● Explain the phenomenon of electron diffraction.
Chapter 9: Atoms
● State Bohr's postulates of the atomic model.
● Derive an expression for the radius of the nth orbit of an electron in a hydrogen atom.
● Explain the origin of the hydrogen spectrum.
Chapter 10: Nuclei
● Define nuclear fission and nuclear fusion.
● Explain the working of a nuclear reactor.
Chapter 11: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits
● Explain the V-I characteristics of a pn junction diode.
● Explain the working of a half-wave rectifier.
● Explain the working of a transistor as an amplifier.
Chapter 12: Communication Systems
● Explain the principle of amplitude modulation.
● Explain the working of a receiver.
Remember, this is just a list of important questions. It's essential to practice a wide range of
questions from different topics to prepare effectively for the CBSE Board exam.
