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BECM - Lecture 11 @10.09.2024

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18 views28 pages

BECM - Lecture 11 @10.09.2024

Uploaded by

arnob2223007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Welcome...

Mohsin Mia
Assistant Professor, Sociology
|
Industrialization and Urbanization
in Bangladesh and its pattern and
impact on society
INDUSTRIALIZATION AND URBANIZATION
URBANIZATION
WHAT IS URBANIZATION?

Urbanization refers to the population


shift from rural to urban areas, "the gradual
increase in the proportion of people living
in urban areas", and the ways in which each
society adapts to the change.
PROJECTION: URBANIZATION AND ITS FUTURE
United Nation’s projection
✓ Half of the world's population would live in urban
areas at the end of 2008(UNFPA,2016)
✓ By 2050 about 64% of the developing world and
86% of the developed world will be
urbanized(UNFPA,2016)
✓ Equivalent to approximately 3 billion urbanites by
2050, much of which will occur in Africa and
Asia(UNFPA,2016)
✓ Nearly all global population growth from 2017 to
2030 will be absorbed by cities(UNFPA,2016)
✓ About 1.1 billion new urbanites over the next 13
years (Cohen,2015)
URBANIZATION: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY
APPROACH
HISTORICAL GLOBAL URBAN/RURAL POPULATION
TRENDS
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Historical_global_urban_-_rural_population_trends.png/400px-Historical_global_urban_-_rural_population_trends.png

Source: UN Department of Economic and Social affairs, 2014


URBANISM
 Urbanism is the study of how inhabitants of
urban areas, such as towns and cities, interact
with the built environment.
 It is a direct component of disciplines such
as urban planning, which is the profession
focusing on the physical design and management
of urban structures and urban sociology which is
the academic field the study of urban life and
culture.
URBAN GROWTH
Push factors

Push factors are things that make people want to


leave rural areas.
Such as
 unemployment

 lower wages

 crop failure

 poor living conditions

 poor health and education services

 few facilities

 natural disasters

 civil war
PULL FACTORS

Pull factors are the things that attract people to a


city.

For instance
 more jobs

 higher wages

 better living conditions

 better education and health services

 better facilities

 less chance of natural disasters


GROWTH OF URBAN POPULATION

 Currently more than 50% of the world's


population live in urban areas.
 The number of cities with over 10 million people
is increasing, these are called megacities.
 There are now 34 megacities in the world.
LIST OF MEGACITIES
IDENTITY OF URBAN AREAS

➢Town-(1500-10000)
➢City-(3 – 10 lac)
➢ Mega city(10 m +)
➢ Metropolitan – at least
50000
➢ Cosmopolitan- cultural
diversity
CAUSES OF URBANIZATION
Urbanization occurs as:
 Individual, commercial flight
 Social and government action reduce the time
 Expense of commuting and transportation
 Lack of improve opportunities for jobs, education,
housing, and transportation
Living in a city can provide:
 Opportunities of proximity
 Diversity
 Marketplace competition
 May be alienation issues and stress
 Increased cost of living
 Negative social aspects that result from mass
marginalization
IMPACT OF URBANIZATION

Environmental
effects

transformation Economic
and innovation effect

Urbanization

expansion of
Health and
communication
social effects
mechanisms

scientific and
technical
knowledge
URBAN GROWTH AND ITS IMPACTS ON SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP
 Migration of rural people to urban areas.
 Employment opportunities in urban centers.

 Transport and communication facilities.

 Educational facilities.

 Increase in the standard of living.

 Problem of over population, growth of slums etc.

 Disintegration of Joint family

 Cost of living

 Increase in Crime rates

 Impersonal relations

 Problem of Pollution

 Stress
INDUSTRIALIZATION
WHAT IS INDUSTRIALIZATION?
Industrialization- is the process by which an economy is
transformed from primarily agricultural to one based
on the manufacturing of goods.
(Source:
Investopedia;www.investopedia.com/terms/i/industrialization.asp)

 Individual manual labor is often replaced by


mechanized mass production
 Craftsmen are replaced by assembly lines
 Period of social and economic change that transforms a
human group from an agrarian society into an
industrial one
 Marked by an extensive re-organization of an
economy for the purpose of manufacturing
INDUSTRIALIZATION AT GLANCE
SOCIAL IMPACTS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION

 Urbanization
 Exploitation

 Changes in family structure

 Change of mode of production

 Change of distribution pattern

 Change of consumption pattern

 Mass consumption of energy

 Environmental pollution
Social impacts of Industrialization
 Juvenile delinquency
 Crime and illegal activities

 Increased use of technology

 Changes in way of thinking

 Mechanization

 Factual/rational thinking

 Greater Mobility
IMPACT OF INDUSTRIALIZATION: AT A
GLANCE
RECAP ACTIVITY
 ID-49: Explain the concept of Urbanism.

 ID-50: Clarify the Pull and Push factors of urbanization.

 ID-51: How urbanization affects on traditional family


structure?

 ID-52: Explain one of the negative and positive impact of


industrialization

 ID-53: Mention the common pattern of industrialization


in Bangladesh

 ID-54: Show the relevance of crime and illegal activities


with industrialization
For being with...

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