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A. Conservation of Linear Momentum

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26 views4 pages

A. Conservation of Linear Momentum

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dnhdwx5wp4
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Conservation of Linear Momentum

I. Objectives:
1) Make a conclusion about the kinetic energy (KE) and momentum of a system in elastic and
inelastic collisions.
2) Calculate the KE and momentum before and after collision.

II. Procedure:

1) Go to https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/collision-lab/latest/collision-lab_en.html
2) Select Intro
3) To make the collision elastic, drag the slider all the way to the right until it says 100% elastic.
4) Click the box, more data to get information on position, velocity, and momentum.
5) Complete Table A to D.

A) Elastic Collision Same Mass Objects


m1 m2 v1 v2 m1v1 m2v2 pi=m1v1 KEi=1/2 v1’ v2’ m1v1’ m2v2’ pf=m1 KEf=
+m2v2 m1v12 + v1’+m2 1/2m1
1/2m1v22 v 2’ v1’2 +
½
m2v2’2
2 -3 -1 6.5 -3 2 -3 2 -1 6.5
1 1 2 -3
2 -4 -2 5 -2 1 -4 2 -2 5
2 2 1 -2
0 -9 -8 13.5 -3 0 -9 0 -8 13.5
3 3 0 -3
B) Elastic Collision Different Mass Objects
m1 m2 v1 v2 m1v1 m2v2 pi=m1v1 KEi=1/2 v1’ v2’ m1v1’ m2v2’ pf=m1 KEf=
+m2v2 m1v12 + v1’+m2 1/2m1
1/2m1v22 v 2’ v1’2 +
½
m2v2’2
3 -2 1 5.5 -2.33 1.67 -2.33 3.33 1 5.5
1 2 3 -1
4 -9 -5 17.5 -4 1 -8 3 -5 17.5
2 3 2 -3
0 -3 -3 4.5 -1.5 1.5 -4.5 1.5 -3 4.5
3 1 0 -3

Elastic Collisions Questions:

1) What do you notice about the value of the kinetic energy before and after collision?

It remains the same

2) Compare the momenta of the system before and after the collision.

The total momentum of the system remains constant before and after the collision remains the same
Note: For C and D, make sure that you move the elasticity slider all the way to the left to simulate inelastic collision.
C) Inelastic Collision: Different Mass Objects

m1 m2 v1 v2 m1v1 m2v2 pi=m1v1 KEi=1/2 v1’ v2’ m1v1’ m2v2’ pf=m1 KEf=
+m2v2 m1v12 + v1’+m2 1/2m1
1/2m1v22 v 2’ v1’2 +
½
m2v2’2
3 -2 1 5.5 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.67 1 0.16335
1 2 3 -1
4 -9 -5 17.5 -1 -1 -2 -3 -5 2.5
2 3 2 -3
0 -3 -3 4.5 -0.75 -0.75 -2.25 -0.75 -3 1.13
3 1 0 -3

C) Inelastic Collision Same Mass Objects


m1 m2 v1 v2 m1v1 m2v2 pi=m1v1 KEi=1/2 v1’ v2’ m1v1’ m2v2’ pf=m1 KEf=
+m2v2 m1v12 + v1’+m2 1/2m1
1/2m1v22 v 2’ v1’2 +
½
m2v2’2
2 -3 -1 6.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -1 0.25
1 1 2 -3
2 -4 -2 5 -0.5 -0.5 -1 -1 -2 0.5
2 2 1 -2
0 -9 -9 13.5 -1.5 -1.5 -4.5 -4.5 -9 6.75
3 3 0 -3
Inelastic Collisions Questions

1) What do you observe about the momentum before and after collision for both table C and D?
The total momentum of the system before and after the collision is the same.

2) What do you observe about the kinetic energy before and after collision for both table C and D?
The total kinetic energy of the system decreases after the collision.

3) What happened to the KE after collision in inelastic collisions?


The KE is transformed into Thermal Energy.

Conclusion

1) Describe elastic collisions in terms of KE and momentum before and after collisions.

When an elastic collision occurs, both the KE and the momentum before and after the collision remains equal.

2) Describe inelastic collisions in terms of KE and momentum before and after collisions.

When an inelastic collision occurs, momentum remains equal before and after the collision, but KE decreases

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