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Factoring NOTES

Algebra 2 Factoring notes

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Factoring NOTES

Algebra 2 Factoring notes

Uploaded by

jijaein005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Factoring

Objectives:
1. Factor expressions using the Greatest Common Factor Method (GCF).
2. Factoring trinomials of the form x2 + bx + c.
3. Factoring trinomials of the form ax2 + bx + c.
4. Factoring perfect square trinomials and difference of two squares.
5. Factor the sum or difference of two cubes.

Standards: AI.NE.4- Factor quadratic expressions (including the difference of two squares, perfect square trinomials and other quadratic expressions).
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FACTORING
Factoring?
• Factoring is a method to find the basic numbers and variables that make up
a product.
• (Factor) x (Factor) = Product, Ex. 12=4*3
• Some numbers are Prime, meaning they are only divisible by themselves
and 1. Ex. 2, 3, 7
Greatest Common Factor (GCF)
• Greatest Common Factor (GCF) – the greatest factor shared by
two or more numbers, monomials, or polynomials.
• ALWAYS try this factoring method 1st before any other method.
• Divide Out the Biggest common number/variable from each of the
terms.

Objective: Factor expressions using the Greatest Common Factor Method (GCF).
Find the GCF for each set of following numbers.
Hint: list the factors and find the greatest match.

a) 2, 6

a) -25, -40

a) 6, 18

a) 16, 32

a) 3, 8
No common factors?
GCF =1
Find the GCF for each set of following numbers.
Hint: list the factors and find the greatest match.

a) x, x2

a) x2, x3

a) xy, x2y

a) 2x3, 8x2

a) 3x3, 6x2

a) 4x2, 5y3
No common factors?
GCF =1
Greatest Common Factors
aka GCF’s
Factor out the GCF for each polynomial:
Factor out means you need the GCF times the remaining parts.

a) 2x + 4y

b) 5a – 5b

b) 18x – 6y

b) 2m + 6mn

b) 5x2y – 10xy
Objective: Factor expressions using the Greatest Common Factor Method (GCF).
Factoring Trinomials of the Form x2 + bx + c

Recall that factoring is the reverse process of multiplication. Using the


FOIL method, we can show that

(x – 3)(x – 8) = x2 – 11x + 24
Note that this trinomial results in the product of two binomials whose first term is x, and second
term is a number (including its sign).

Objective: Factoring trinomials of the form x2 + bx + c.


To Factoring Trinomials of the Form x2 + bx + c:
1. Find two numbers (or factors) whose product is c and whose sum is b.
2. The factors of the trinomial will be of the form
(x + one number) (x + second number)

Example: Factor x2 - x – 12.


b = -1, c = -12. We must find two numbers whose product is c, which is -12, and
whose sum is b, which is -1. We begin by listing the factors of -12, trying to find a
pair whose sum is -1.
Factors of -12 Sum of Factors
(1)(-12) 1 + (-12) = -11
Solution: The numbers we are seeking are 3 and -4 because their
(2)(-6) 2 + (-6) = -4
product is -12 and their sum is -1.
(3)(-4) 3 + (-4) = -1
x2 - x – 12 = (x + 3)(x – 4)
(4)(-3) 4 + (-3) = 1
(6)(-2) 6 + (-2) = 4
(12)(1) 12 + (-1) = 11
Objective: Factoring trinomials of the form x2 + bx + c.
Practice problems. Choose one of the expressions and factor.

• 𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 + 30

• 𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 + 24

• 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 10

Objective: Factoring trinomials of the form x2 + bx + c.


Factoring complex trinomials of the form ax2 + bx + c, (a  1)

Example: Factor 3x2 + 8x + 4. 3  4 = 12

1. Find the product of 2. We need to find factors of 12 1, 12


first and last terms whose sum is 8 2, 6
3. Rewrite the middle 3, 4
term decomposed 3x2 + 2x + 6x + 4
into the two numbers
= (3x2 + 2x) + (6x + 4)
4. Factor by grouping = x(3x + 2) + 2(3x + 2)
in pairs
= (3x + 2) (x + 2)
3x2 + 8x + 4 = (3x + 2) (x + 2)
Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Company,
Inc. All rights reserved.
12
Objective: Factoring trinomials of the form ax2 + bx + c.
Practice problems. Factor.

• 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 30

• 3𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 4

Objective: Factoring trinomials of the form ax2 + bx + c.


Perfect Square Trinomials

Any trinomial that factors into a single binomial squared is called a


perfect square trinomial.
• a shortcut for squaring a binomial
• (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
• (a – b)2 = a2 – 2ab + b2
• So, if the first and last terms of our polynomial to be factored can be
written as expressions squared, and the middle term of our
polynomial is twice the product of those two expressions, then we can
use these two previous equations to easily factor the polynomial.
• a2 + 2ab + b2 = (a + b)2
• a2 – 2ab + b2 = (a – b)2
Objective: Factoring perfect square trinomials
Perfect Square Trinomials Examples: a2 + 2ab + b2 = (a + b)2
a2 – 2ab + b2 = (a – b)2

• 𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 + 64 =

• 16𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 1 =

Objective: Factoring perfect square trinomials


Practice problems. Factor. a2 + 2ab + b2 = (a + b)2
a2 – 2ab + b2 = (a – b)2

• 4𝑥 3 − 40𝑥 2 + 100𝑥

• 4a2 – 20a + 25

Objective: Factoring perfect square trinomials


Difference of Two Squares

• a2 – b2 = (a + b)(a - b)

Example: x2 – 4

The answer will look like this: ( )( )

Take the square root of each part: (x 2)(x 2)

Make 1 a plus and 1 a minus: (x + 2)(x - 2 )

Warning: A sum of squares a2 + b2 is prime and cannot be factored.


Objective: Factoring difference of two squares.
Your turn! Choose one of the expressions below and factor.

• 9x2 – 16

• x2 – 16

• 36x2 – 25

Objective: Factoring difference of two squares.


Objective: Factor the sum or difference of two cubes.
Practice problems. Fill in the blank squares.

• 8𝑥 3 + 27𝑦 3 = (2𝑥+ )(4𝑥 2 − + )


•
Square Product Square

• 𝑦 3 − 64= (𝑦− )(𝑦 2 + + )


•
Square Product Square

Objective: Factor the sum or difference of two cubes.


Which expression is the completely factored form of 𝑥 3 + 8𝑦 6

a) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 2 3

b) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 2 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 2 + 4𝑦 4

c) 𝑥 − 2𝑦 2 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 2 + 4𝑦 4

d) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 2 𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 4
Let’s practice more!
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Exit ticket

1. Define what factors are?

2. What did you learn today about factoring?

3. Which factoring method do you need to work on more?

4. Blooket Game! https://play.blooket.com/play?id=

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