Class x Maths Ncert Textbook Solution Chapter 10 Circles
Class x Maths Ncert Textbook Solution Chapter 10 Circles
Resource Material
For Revised Syllabus Session 2024-25
NCERT
Solutions
MATHS
Class
10
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Chapter 10 Circles
EXERCISE 10.1
Question 1:
Answer:
Question 2:
(iv) The common point of a tangent to a circle and the circle is called ____.
Answer:
(i) One
(ii) Secant
(iii) Two
Question 3:
Answer:
We know that the line drawn from the centre of the circle to the tangent is perpendicular
to the tangent.
OP PQ
By applying Pythagoras theorem in ΔOPQ,
52 + PQ2 =122
PQ =
cm.
Question 4:
Draw a circle and two lines parallel to a given line such that one is a tangent and the
other, a secant to the circle.
Answer:
It can be observed that AB and CD are two parallel lines. Line AB is intersecting the circle
at exactly two points, P and Q. Therefore, line AB is the secant of this circle. Since line
CD is intersecting the circle at exactly one point, R, line CD is the tangent to the circle.
EXERCISE 10.2
Question 1:
From a point Q, the length of the tangent to a circle is 24 cm and the distance of Q from
the centre is 25 cm. The radius of the circle is
(A) 7 cm (B) 12 cm
Answer:
Given that,
OQ = 25cm and PQ = 24 cm
Therefore, OP ⊥ PQ
OP2 = 49
OP = 7
Question 2:
In the given figure, if TP and TQ are the two tangents to a circle with centre O so that
∠POQ = 110 , then ∠PTQ is equal to
(A) 60 (B) 70
(C) 80 (D) 90
Answer:
Thus, OP ⊥ TP and OQ ⊥ TQ
∠OPT = 90º
∠OQT = 90º
In quadrilateral POQT,
⇒ PTQ = 70
Question 3:
If tangents PA and PB from a point P to a circle with centre O are inclined to each other
an angle of 80 , then ∠POA is equal to
(A) 50 (B) 60
(C) 70 (D) 80
Answer:
Thus, OA ⊥ PA and OB ⊥ PB
∠OBP = 90º
∠OAP = 90º
In AOBP,
∠BOA = 100
OP = OP (Common side)
A ↔ B, P ↔ P, O ↔ O
Question 4:
Prove that the tangents drawn at the ends of a diameter of a circle are parallel.
Answer:
Let AB be a diameter of the circle. Two tangents PQ and RS are drawn at points A and B
respectively.
Thus, OA ⊥ RS and OB ⊥ PQ
∠OAR = 90º
∠OAS = 90º
∠OBP = 90º
∠OBQ = 90º
Since alternate interior angles are equal, lines PQ and RS will be parallel.
Question 5:
Prove that the perpendicular at the point of contact to the tangent to a circle passes
through the centre.
Answer:
Let us consider a circle with centre O. Let AB be a tangent which touches the circle at P.
We have to prove that the line perpendicular to AB at P passes through centre O. We
shall prove this by contradiction method.
Let us assume that the perpendicular to AB at P does not pass through centre O. Let it
pass through another point O’. Join OP and O’P.
O is the centre of the circle and P is the point of contact. We know the line joining the
centre and the point of contact to the tangent of the circle are perpendicular to each
other.
Therefore, ∠O’PB = ∠OPB is not possible. It is only possible, when the line O’P coincides
with OP.
Question 6:
The length of a tangent from a point A at distance 5 cm from the centre of the circle is 4
cm. Find the radius of the circle.
Answer:
Let us consider a circle centered at point O.
Given that,
OA = 5cm and AB = 4 cm
In ΔABO,
42 + BO2 = 52
16 + BO2 = 25
BO2 = 9
BO = 3
Question 7:
Two concentric circles are of radii 5 cm and 3 cm. Find the length of the chord of the
larger circle which touches the smaller circle.
Answer:
Let the two concentric circles be centered at point O. And let PQ be the chord of the
larger circle which touches the smaller circle at point A. Therefore, PQ is tangent to the
smaller circle.
32 + AP2 = 52
9 + AP2 = 25
AP2 = 16
AP = 4
In ΔOPQ,
Since OA ⊥ PQ,
PQ = 2AP = 2 × 4 = 8
Question 8:
A quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle (see given figure) Prove that AB +
CD = AD + BC
DR + CR + BP + AP = DS + CQ + BQ + AS
CD + AB = AD + BC
Question 9:
In the given figure, XY and X’Y’ are two parallel tangents to a circle with centre O and
another tangent AB with point of contact C intersecting XY at A and X’Y’ at B. Prove that
∠AOB=90 .
Answer:
AO = AO (Common side)
Therefore, P ↔ C, A ↔ A, O ↔ O
∠AOB = 90°
Question 10:
Prove that the angle between the two tangents drawn from an external point to a circle
is supplementary to the angle subtended by the line-segment joining the points of
contact at the centre.
Answer:
Let us consider a circle centered at point O. Let P be an external point from which two
tangents PA and PB are drawn to the circle which are touching the circle at point A and B
respectively and AB is the line segment, joining point of contacts A and B together such
that it subtends ∠AOB at center O of the circle.
OA (radius) ⊥ PA (tangent)
∠OBP = 90°
In quadrilateral OAPB,
Hence, it can be observed that the angle between the two tangents drawn from an
external point to a circle is supplementary to the angle subtended by the line-segment
joining the points of contact at the centre.
Question 11:
Answer:
AB = CD …(1)
BC = AD …(2)
It can be observed that
DR + CR + BP + AP = DS + CQ + BQ + AS
CD + AB = AD + BC
On putting the values of equations (1) and (2) in this equation, we obtain
2AB = 2BC
AB = BC …(3)
AB = BC = CD = DA
Question 12:
A triangle ABC is drawn to circumscribe a circle of radius 4 cm such that the segments
BD and DC into which BC is divided by the point of contact D are of lengths 8 cm and 6
cm respectively (see given figure). Find the sides AB and AC.
Answer:
Let the given circle touch the sides AB and AC of the triangle at point E and F
respectively and the length of the line segment AF be x.
In ABC,
AB = AE + EB = x + 8
BC = BD + DC = 8 + 6 = 14
CA = CF + FA = 6 + x
2s = AB + BC + CA
= x + 8 + 14 + 6 + x
= 28 + 2x
s = 14 + x
Area of ΔOBC =
Area of ΔOCA =
Area of ΔOAB =
Either x+14 = 0 or x − 7 =0
Therefore, x = −14and 7
However, x = −14 is not possible as the length of the sides will be negative.
Therefore, x = 7
Hence, AB = x + 8 = 7 + 8 = 15 cm
CA = 6 + x = 6 + 7 = 13 cm
Question 13:
Answer:
OA = OA (Common side)
Therefore, A ↔ A, P ↔ S, O ↔ O
∠1 = ∠8
Similarly,
∠2 = ∠3
∠4 = ∠5
∠6 = ∠7
∠1 + ∠2 + ∠3 + ∠4 + ∠5 + ∠6 + ∠7 + ∠8 = 360º
Answer:
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