THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN, THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

Cấu trúc
Thì hiện tại đơn và quá khứ đơn với động từ tobe

Present simple (Hiện tại đơn) Past simple (Quá khứ đơn)

(+) S + am/ is/ are + N/ Adj S + was/ were + N/ Adj

(-) S + am/ is/ are + not + N/ Adj S + was/ were + not + N/ Adj

(?) Am/ Is/ Are + S + N/ Adj? Was/ Were + S + N/ Adj?

Thì hiện tại đơn và quá khứ đơn với động từ thường

Present simple (Hiện tại đơn) Past simple (Quá khứ đơn)

(+) S + V(s/es) + O S + V2/ed + O

(-) S + do not /does not + V_inf S + didn’t + V_inf + O

(?) Do/Does + S + V_inf? Did + S + V_inf + O?

Cách dùng

Present simple (Hiện tại đơn) Past simple (Quá khứ đơn)

Dùng để chỉ những hoạt động lặp đi lặp lại, một thói
Hành động đã chấm dứt/ hoàn thành trong quá khứ
quen, hoặc chân lý hiển nhiên, luôn luôn đúng.

always, every …, often, normally, usually,

last week, 3 years ago, when I was young, in 2015
sometimes
Ví dụ:
Ví dụ:
I had a big dinner yesterday. (Tôi đã có một bữa tối thật
Water boils at 100 degrees. (Nước sôi ở 100 độ C)
hoành tráng vào hôm qua)
Julie lives in London. (Julie sống ở Luân Đôn)

Diễn tả những sự kiện/kế hoạch có thời gian, lịch

Diễn tả một hành động kết thúc sau một hành động khác.
trình cụ thể trong tương lai.

Ví dụ:
Ví dụ:
She came home, switched on the computer and checked
My plane leaves at eight tonight. (Chuyến bay của
her emails. (Cô ấy về nhà, bật máy tính và kiểm tra email
tôi sẽ cất cánh vào lúc 8h tối nay)
của mình)

Dấu hiệu nhận biết

Present simple (Hiện tại đơn) Past simple (Quá khứ đơn)

• every day, twice a week, this year,...

• last week, 3 years ago, when I was young, in
• Trạng từ chỉ tần suất: never, hardly,
2015…
sometimes, often, usually, always
Quy tắc chuyển đổi động từ
Thì quá khứ đơn:

Regular verbs: verb + -ed Some irregular verbs

begin → began leave → left

– Đối với hầu hết các động từ: thêm –ed
break → broke lose → lost
(invent -> invented)
bring → brought make → made
– Đối với các động từ kết thúc bằng –e: thêm
–d buy → bought meet → met

(arrive -> arrived) choose → chose pay → paid

Past simple (Quá
khứ đơn) – Đối với các động từ tận cùng là –y: chuyển come → came see → saw
–y thành –i và thêm –ed drink → drank sell → sold
(study -> studied) drive → drove sing → sang
– Đối với những động từ kết thúc bằng eat → ate speak → spoke
nguyên âm kết hợp với một phụ âm: gấp đôi
phụ âm và thêm -ed fall → fell take → took

(stop -> stopped, permit -> permitted) find → found tell → told
forget → forgot write → wrote

Thì hiện tại đơn:

Các động từ hầu hết thêm “s” drink → drinks

pass → passes
wash → washes
watch → watches
Các động từ tận cùng chứa -s, -sh, -ch, -x và -o thì thêm “-es”
fix → fixes

Present simple do → does

(Hiện tại đơn) go → goes

Đối với các động từ kết thúc bằng phụ âm + y; bỏ đi phần –y và

thêm –ies study → studies

Đối với các động từ kết thúc bằng nguyên âm + y, giữ lại phần play → plays
–y và thêm –s

be → is
Các động từ bất quy tắc
have → has

BÀI TẬP
Exercise 1: Put the verb in brackets into the present simple or past simple
1. We _________ (go) to the beach last weekend.
2. My cousins _________ (not/ visit) us every weekend.
3. ___________ (your mum/ make) a chocolate yesterday?
4. I _______ (send) Jessica an email yesterday afternoon
5. The children always ______ (do) their homework yesterday afternoon.
6. Last year, I ___________ (travel) to Japan.
7. ___________ you ___________ (have) dinner last night?
8. He ___________ (arrive) from the airport at 8:00, ___________ (check) into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others
at 10:00.
9. I ___________ (receive) three messages two minutes ago.
10. She ___________ (work) at the movie theater after school.
11. Yesterday she ___________ (go) to the cinema and ___________ (watch) a horror movie.
12. Carlos always ___________ (eat) spaghetti but two days ago he ___________ (eat) soup.
13. We seldom ___________ (drink) alcohol during the forenoon.
14. Somebody ___________ (take) the flowers from the graves in the morning
15. When ___________ your grandpa ___________ (come) home after war?
16. Some girls ___________ (not/ read) the book yesterday
17. When ___________ (be) they in London the last time? - I think in 2002
18. Why ___________ you ___________ (help) your brother with the homework? - Because he ___________ (be)
rather lazy all the time
19. My dog sometimes ___________ (catch) a mouse and ___________ (bring) it to the front door.
20. I sometimes ____________ friends in the afternoon. (to meet)
21. ____________ in the shower? (he/often/to sing)
22. Lynn and Toby ____________ in Glasgow in 2018. (to be)
23. They ____________ T-shirts last Friday. (not/to buy)
24. She often ____________ to school. (to walk)
25. ____________ the desk an hour ago? (Nick/to repair)
26. She ____________ in the garden on Mondays. (not/to work)
27. ____________ coffee every day? (Victoria/to drink)
28. We ____________ our bikes on Sundays. (not/to ride)
29. Why ____________ hamburgers? (they/never/to eat)

Exercise 2: Choose the correct answer

1. Dad doesn’t buy/ didn’t buy a new car.
2. I don’t watch/ didn’t watch TV last night.
3. Do you like/ liked chips?
4. Mary leaves/ left for Italy last month.
5. Did John come/ came to the party?

Exercise 3: Put the verbs in the present simple or the past simple
1. A: ___________________ (you/ go) to work yesterday?
B: No, I __________. I ___________ (never/ work) on Saturdays.
2. A: _______________ (you/ see) Charles yesterday?
B: Yes. We ________ (have) lunch together.
3. A: ____________ (Colin/ work) at a bank?
B: No, he ____________. He __________ (work) at a post office
4. A: ____________ (you/ do) anything exciting last Sunday?
B: No, not really. I _____________ (watch) TV and _________________ (read) a book. It was a boring weekend.
5. A: What __________ (you/do) at weekends?
B: We usually ___________(go) to the beach.

Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with the time expressions from the list
1. We watched a really good film at the cinema __________.
2. He is upset because he failed his driving test __________.
3. She ____________ brushes her teeth before she goes to bed at night.
4. I am working _____________ I can’t come with you.
5. My mother does the shopping _______________.
6. I went to a beautiful exotic island ____________. The weather was very hot.

Exercise 5: Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the past simple
1. Tommy Brown ________ (like) making up stories. No one ______ (believe) what he ______ (say) because he
always _____ (tell) lies. He ________ (live) in a small village and _______ (work) on a farm just outside the village.
One night last week, Tommy ______ (finish) work late. It _________ (be) dark and cold. Suddenly, he _______ (hear)
a strange noise, so he _________ (look) up. It __________ (be) a UFO bright flashing lights. The UFO ________
(come down) towards him and he ________ (see) two green men looking him from outside. He ___________ (scream),
___________ (drop) his bag and ______________ (run away). When he ______________ (arrive) in the village, he
______________ (run) into some villagers and ______________(start) telling them about the aliens but they all
______________ (laugh) at him. No one ______________ (believe) Tommy.

2. Steven’s friends _____________ (come) to his birthday party last night and _____________ (give) him wonderful
presents. His parents _____________ (cook) a special dinner for him. His girlfriend _____________ (promise) to
come, but she _____________ (not be) there. He _____________ (try) to phone but he couldn’t get through. He
_____________ (be) really upset. Only she _____________ (not wish) him a Happy Birthday.

Exercise 6: Put the verbs in brackets into the present simple or the past simple
Ling: Hi Amy. ___________ (1. you/ be) at home last weekend?
Amy: No, I ___________ (2. not/ be). My family and I ___________ (3. go) to the beach. We often ___________ (4.
go) to the beach at weekends.
Ling: You’re lucky. ___________ (5. you/ have) a nice time?
Amy: Oh, yes! I ___________ (6. have) a great time!
Ling: Where ___________ (7. you/ stay)?
Amy: We ___________ (8. stay) at my grandparents’ house
Ling: Oh. ___________ (9. they/ live) near the beach?
Amy: Yes, they do. Their house ___________(10. be) right by the beach.
Ling: Wow! That’s cool. And what did you do there?
Amy: We ___________ (11. walk) along the beach and ___________ (12. swim) in the sea.
Ling: That sounds like a lot of fun.

Exercise 7: Put the verb in brackets into the present simple or past simple
1. “Romeo and Juliet” ______________ (write) by Shakespeare
2. These pictures ________________ (take) during our last Christmas
3. All the reports ________________ (type) by secretary
4. The garbage ________________ (collect) every day.
5. The email ________________ (send) to you two hours ago.
6. When ________________ your mother ________________ (get up) in the morning?
7. I ________________ (not/ know) how to drive a car.
8. Tom always ________________ (eat) breakfast. Yesterday he ________________ (not to eat) breakfast because
he ________________ (get up) late.
9. He never ________________ (shout) at his students. He ________________ (be) a wonderful teacher, I
remember.
10. Who ________________ (ring) you up an hour ago?
11. I ________________ (have) dinner with my family yesterday.
12. She ________________ (know) all the works of Chopin. She ________________ (enjoy) listening to his waltz
last night.
13. Queen Elizabeth II ________________ (be) born in 1926. She ________________ (become) Queen of England
in 1952.
14. - ________________ you always ________________ (get up) at seven o’clock?
- No, sometimes I ________________ (get) up at half past seven.
15. Her friends ________________ (be) ready at five o’clock.
16. I ________________ coffee every morning. (drink)
17. He ________________ work at 7:30 yesterday. (leave)
18. The small cat ________________ with me last night. (sleep)
19. She ________________ her homework two days ago. (do)
20. They ________________ funny books every class. (read)
21. The girls always ________________ the guitar. (play)
22. We ________________ to Colombia last year. (go)
23. Yesterday it ________________ (be) a wonderful day because we ________________ (go) to the mountains. We
usually ________________ (go) to the beach but yesterday we ________________ (not)
24. My sister always ________________ (ride) a bike to go to school but today she ________________ (take) the
bus because she ________________ (be) late.
25. I ________________ (not have) breakfast this morning because I ________________ (have) a terrible
stomachache but right now I ________________ (feel) much better.
26. My father ________________ (not work) in a hospital, he ________________ (work) in a school. He
________________ (be) a teacher and last week he ________________ (have) a spelling contest and all his
students’ parents ________________ (be) invited and they ________________ (like) it so much.

Exercise 8: Correct the mistakes where necessary

1. I plays tennis every afternoon
….……………………………………………………….
2. My parents live in Paris in 2006
….……………………………………………………….
3. Jake listen to the radio in the morning
….……………………………………………………….
4. We ate eggs for breakfast yesterday.
….……………………………………………………….
5. My dog doesn’t bark at night
….……………………………………………………….
6. Vaxilin am a famous goalkeeper in the National Football Team
….……………………………………………………….
7. Jeni and Lisa doesn’t go swimming in the lake.
….……………………………………………………….
8. How often does he goes shopping in the Vinmark?
….……………………………………………………….
9. Mr. Alexander teaching them when they were freshmen in the university.
….……………………………………………………….
10. It was day in October, Luca ’s having to take the last exam of his student life.
….……………………………………………………….

Exercise 9: Change these sentences from present simple to past simple

1. He goes to the swimming pool because he likes swimming.
2. They have dinner at nine o´clock.
3. Helen eats too many sweets.
4. I buy the newspaper in the shop.
5. We get up at eight o´clock and go to school
6. Does she buy the newspaper in the shop over there?
7. Do they do their homework in the evening?
8. Do they have a good holiday?
9. Do they find any animal in the forest?
10. Is it dark when she gets up in the morning?

Exercise 10. Give the correct form of the word in bracket.

1. They ____________ (go) to Italy last summer.
2. I always ____________ (have) ketchup with my spaghetti.
3. She ____________ (visit) her uncle yesterday.
4. Ben often ____________ (talk) to Tim.
5. They ____________ (sit) in front of the computer every evening.
6. She ____________ (have) tea at 5 o'clock on Saturdays.
7. They ____________ (like) their holidays two weeks ago.
8. Toby never ____________ (clean) his room.
9. Sidney ____________ (meet) a famous YouTuber in 2020.
10. I sometimes ____________ (walk) to the office.

Exercise 11: Choose the correct option

1. She (play/ plays) football every Sunday.
2. You (don’t like/ doesn’t like) milk.
3. The Titanic (sinked/ sunk) in 1912.
4. Where (do/ does) he (spend/ spends) his holiday?
5. When she was young, she (lives/ lived) in Seoul.
6. His brother (visited/ visitted) London last year.
7. We (tidy/ tidied) our rooms everyday.
8. I often (help/ helps) my mum.

Exercise 12: Fill the gaps with the verbs in brackets. Put them in the correct tense
I don’t usually ____________ (go) to the cinema but yesterday I ____________ (go) to see a film. It ____________
(be) fantastic. I ____________ (cry) a little because the film ____________ (be) very romantic.
Mellisa ____________ (be) with me. She never ____________ (cry) at the cinema so she ____________ (not cry)
yesterday but she also ____________ (enjoy) the film very much.
Now I ____________ (write) to my friend Peter to tell him about it. Peter usually ____________ (live) here in
London, like me but this week he ____________ (live) in Bristol with her aunt because his parents ____________
(be) in Italy. They ____________ (go) there last week on business. Peter is one of my best friends. He
____________ (be) fourteen years old and we go to the same school.
Last summer Melissa, Peter and I ____________ (go) to Amsterdam on holiday for a week. We really
____________ (have) a nice time there. We ____________ (visit) lots of interesting places. We ____________ (not
stay) in a hotel. We ____________ (stay) at my uncle’s house. His name is George. He ____________ (be) an
engineer. He is always very busy but that week he ____________(be) on holidays and he ____________ (take) good
care of us. He ____________ (show) us the city and we ____________(like) it very much. I must study now. I
____________ (learn) French this year as I would like to ____________ (visit) Paris next summer.