PRACTICAL NO 1

OBJECT

Identify hardware components of Personal Computer

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
Computer system

PROCEDURE

Computer hardware refers to the physical components that make up a computer

system. There are many different kinds of hardware:

 External components
 Internal components
 Motherboard components

External components of computer casing

Here is some common hardware which are connected to the outside of a computer

 Monitor  External Hard Drive

 Keyboard  Scanner
 Mouse  Projector
 Battery Backup (UPS)  Webcam
 Printer  Microphone
 Speakers

Internal components of computer casing

These parts are almost always found inside the computer's housing:

 Motherboard
 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 Random Access Memory (RAM)
 Power Supply
 Video Card
 Hard Drive (IDE/SATA/SSD)
 Optical Drive (e.g. BD/DVD/CD drive)
 Fan (CPU, GPU, Case, etc.)
 Heat Sink
 Power/Data Cables

Some of the devices listed above are called peripheral devices. Peripheral device are
I/O devices, which are connected at startup time of PC.
Motherboard components
 Processor Socket
 ROM BIOS or CMOS Chip
 CMOS Battery
 Expansion Slot
 RAM Slot
 IDE/SATA/PATA Socket
 Power Connectors

Parts of Motherboard
 PRACTICAL NO 02

OBJECT

Dismantle and assemble the computer system

EQUIPMENT/ MATERIAL
Personal Computer
PC Toolkit
Paper and Pen for documentation

SOFTWARE
MS Windows 10

DESCRIPTION/THEORY
Manuals may provide a lot of technical information and tells you how to dismantle the
system. Make sure you have toolkit, device drivers and properly backed up any user
data.

PROCEDURE DISMANTLE THE COMPUTER SYSTEM

Following the procedure outlined here will help you establish a routine for completely
and efficiently disassembling most computers:

Step 1 – Booting up the computer

a. Push the power button to turn the computer on. The computer should do a quick
memory test (some numbers will count on the screen).
b. The computer will boot up to an MS-Windows screen and should show desktop or log
in screen.
c. Shutdown the computer.

Step 2 – Disconnect the external cables

a. Disconnect the keyboard & mouse from the back of the computer.
b. Disconnect the video cable.

Step 3 – Disconnect all internal ribbon cables

a. Disconnect the IDE/SATA/SSD ribbon cable from the hard drive & DVD Drive.
b. Disconnect the IDE/SATA ribbon cable(s) from the system board.
c. Remove all the ribbon cables from the computer.

Step 4 – Disconnect the power supply connections

a. Disconnect the power connector from the hard drive, DVD Drive, System board.

Step 5 – Remove the adapter cards

a. Unscrew any other adapter cards that might be installed in this PC and remove them
from the PC.
Step 6 – Disconnect all front panel connections
a. Remove the connector i.e. Power switch, USB, Speaker etc.
b. List the color of the wires

Step 7 – Remove the drives from the chassis

a. Remove the hard drive & DVD Drive

Step 8 – Remove the system board mount and the system board
a. Remove the screws from the system board mount.
b. Pull the system board mount and the system board from the chassis.
c. Remove the system board mounting screws from the system board.
d. Remove the system board.

Step 9 – Remove the power supply

a. Remove the switch mounting screw from the switch mount at the front of the chassis.
b. Remove the four screws from the back of the chassis that hold the power supply onto
the chassis.
c. Remove the power supply.

PROCEDURE TO ASSEMBLE THE COMPUTER SYSTEM

To reassemble a computer, simply follow the same procedures as for disassembly, but
in the reverse order. When installing components, remember the following:

 Do not force connectors into place—if they don't fit easily, they are probably in
the wrong place.
 Expansion cards often require some force or side-to-side movement to fit into
place, but do not force them.
 When removing cables, remember the pin 1 locations. Check notations on the
circuit boards and look for the red wire on the ribbon cables.
 Connect the cables to the drives before installing them in the bays.
 Test the system before replacing the cover.

PRECAUTIONS

1. Implement all proper safety procedures.

2. Make a complete backup of necessary working files.
3. Document the system (hardware and software).
4. Create a clean work area with plenty of room and light.
5. Place RAM, Cards etc. in antistatic bags.
 PRACTICAL NO 03

OBJECT

Practice of installing multimedia projector

EQUIPMENT/ MATERIAL
Personal computer
Multimedia Projector

SOFTWARE
MS Windows 10

DESCRIPTION/THEORY

Multimedia Projector or Data projectors are output devices used to project the digital
output from a computer device on to a large screen or wall. Projectors are ideal when
training or presenting information to a large audience. Procedure to connect projector
and its importance is given in this practical.

PROCEDURE

Step 1: Plug the power cord and video cable into the projector.
Step 2: Plug the Projector Power cord into an electrical outlet.
Step 3: Connect video cable (i.e. VGA, HDMI etc) from projector to computer video port.
Step 4: If you need audio for your presentation, connect the computer’s “audio out” port
to the projector, or to another sound system.
Step 5: Turn on projector, press the “power” button and wait for the light to turn green.
Step 6: Finally, you should have a projected image identical to your monitor desktop
Turn on Computer. If not, see “Troubleshooting” from manual.

PRECAUTIONS

1. Powered off and wait for cooled down for 30 minutes

2. Check Socket, Switch & Power Cords
3. Clean the lens with soft, and dry cloth.
4. Clean the air intake filter and air vent, don’t use water
5. Repeated on-off action can affect the lamps life span
 PRACTICAL NO 04

OBJECT
Practice of MS Windows installation

EQUIPMENT/ MATERIAL
Personal computer

SOFTWARE
MS Windows 10 Bootable CD
Genuine Windows product key

DESCRIPTION/THEORY

MS Windows is an operating system (OS). . It provides a plate form to user for using
and it enables the computer hardware to communicate and operate with the computer
software. Installing Windows 10 is the first thing you must do after buying or assembling
a new computer. This is the core software a computer needs to start. On top of that,
you’ will add the software. Windows 10 is most popular choice, but there are other
options as well, MacOS for Apple devices and various Linux versions etc.

Minimum requirement of Personal computer to install windows:

Processor: 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster processor or SoC
RAM: 1 gigabyte (GB) for 32-bit or 2 GB for 64-bit
Hard disk space: 16 GB for 32-bit OS or 20 GB for 64-bit OS
Graphics card: DirectX 9 or later with WDDM 1.0 driver
Display: 800 x 600

PROCEDURE

1. Turn on the Computer system

2. Press <F8> key multiple times while the computer starts to open the Boot Manager
menu.

3. Select drive that contains the Windows 10 installer.

4. Save the settings change and exit BIOS.

5. Place the bootable DVD in the DVD drive or USB thumb drive

6. Turn on or restart the computer

7. Press any key on the keyboard to have the computer boot from the installation disc
or drive

8. Set the regional settings for the installation process and click <Next>
9. Click on the <Install now> button

10. Next, accept the “license terms” and click on <Next>.

11. Press the <Custom (Advanced)> installation type button

Note:
 The next phase is to pick the installation partition as the new harddisk
 For create, extend, delete, or format a partition, click <Drive options (advanced)>
Click on the <Next> button, installation process will create a partition on all available
disk space, and format it.

12. The setup process will now begin to copy files from the installation DVD media to the
hard disk, computer will reboot.

13. Type the user name and Click on “Next”.

14. Type password (something like Pssw0rd or MYpa$$w0rd), Click on “Next”.

15. Type product key

16. Choose what sort of protection your computer gets.

17. Choose your time zone and location and click on “Next”.

18. Select your network location type.

Windows will finalize the settings and your desktop will appear and installation will
complete.

Now update computer with the latest patches (service packs) from Microsoft website.
 PRACTICAL OF WINDOWS INSTALLATION

Boot Manager Menu Press any key to boot Installation starts

Regional settings License key Installation type

Setting partition Installation files are copying

Setting geographical region Setting keyboard layout Setting keyboard layout

Choose usage type Create First User Account or Create First User Account or
ignore is recommended ignore is recommended

User Account User Account Settings Security Questions

 Privacy Settings Privacy Settings Preparing screen

Finalizing the settings Desktop appeared

 PRACTICAL – 05

OBJECT:
Practice of installation/un-installation of application software

EQUIPMENT/ MATERIAL
Personal computer

SOFTWARE
MS Windows 10
MS Office Installation files

DESCRIPTION/THEORY

Un-installation software: Uninstall a program from your computer if you no longer use
it or if you want to free up space on your hard disk. You can use Programs and
Features to uninstall programs or to change a program's configuration by adding or
removing certain options.

Installing software: Adding a program depends on where the installation files for the
program are located. Typically, programs are installed from a CD or DVD, from the
Internet, or from a network.

Procedure: Un-installation software

Step 1: Click to open Programs and Features.

Step 2: Select a program, and then click Uninstall. Some programs include the option to
change or repair the program in addition to uninstalling it, but many simply offer the
option to uninstall. To change a program, click Change or Repair.

Note: If you are prompted for an administrator password or confirmation, type the
password or provide confirmation.

Procedure: Installation of a software

Step 1: Insert the disc into your computer

Step 2: AutoPlay dialog box will appear and you can choose to run the wizard

Step 3: Browse through the disc and open the program setup file, usually called
Setup.exe or Install.exe.

Step 4: Follow the instructions/installation wizard on your screen.

Step 5: If you are prompted for an administrator password or confirmation, type the
password or provide confirmation.

Note: If a program doesn't begin to install, check the information that came with the
program. This information will likely provide instructions for installing the program
manually.