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12 views18 pages

geosynthetics-090331091204-phpapp01

Uploaded by

GEOFFREY NGUNI
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A

Seminar
On
Geo-synthetics
Presented By :
Padarabinda Parida
Regd No : 0501106324
7th Semester
What is geo-synthetic?
A geo-synthetic hasbeen defined by the“American Society for Testing and Materials
(ASTM) Committee D35 on Geo-synthetics” as “A planar product
manufactured from polymeric material used with soil, rock,
earth, or other geotechnical engineering related material as an
integral part of a man-made project, structure, or system.”
Geosyntheticsareclassifiedas follows:

1. Geotextiles
2.Geogrids
3.Geonets
4.Geomembranes
5.Geosyntheticclay liners
6.Geocells/geowebmembers
7.Geofoam
8.Geocomposites
Geotextiles
Geotextilesaredefined as“any permeabletextileused with foundation soil, rock,
earth, or any other geotechnical engineering-related material asan integral part of a
human-madeproject, structure, or system”.

CHARACTERISTICS

Porousand allowflowof water through it.


Most used geosynthetics.
They may beeither woven or non woven
Availablein rollsof 5.6mwideand 50-150m long.
Composed of polymerslikepolypropylene, high density polyethylene, polyster.
Function: Separation, Reinforcement, Filtration, Drainage.
WOVEN GEOTEXTILE

•Uniformandregular interweavingof threadsor yarnsin two directions.


•Regular VisibleConstruction Pattern.
•Function: Soil Separation, Reinforcement, Loaddistribution, Filtration, Drainage
•Havehigh tensilestrength and relatively lowstrain.
NON WOVEN GEOTEXTILE

Formedby heat bonding, resin bondingor needlepunching.


No visiblethread pattern.
Function: Soil separation, stabilization, load distribution, but not usedfor reinforcement.
They havehigh strain and stretch considerably under load.
GEOGRIDS

•They haveopen grid likeconfiguration i.e. they have largeaperturebetween


individual ribs.
•They haveLowstrain and stretch about 2% under load.
•Strength ismorethat other common geotextiles.
•Function: Usedexclusively for reinforcement
GEONETS
(Geospacers)
•Formed by continuous extrusion of parallel
sets of polymeric ribs(LDPE & HDPE) at
preset anglesto oneanother.
•Their design function is completely within
the in-plane drainage area where they are
usedtoconvey all typesof liquids.
•Though they are used for the drainage
function but they havehigh tensilestrength.
•Generally used along with one or two
geotextile matter one at the top and other at
thebottomtoprevent soil intrusion .
GEOMEMBRANES

•Materialsarerelatively thin impervious


sheets.
•Generally madefrombutyl rubber.
•Thesell of geomembranearegreater than
geotextiles.
GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS

•This is the juxta position of polymeric


materials and natural soil.
•Factroy fabricated and betonite clay is
sandwitched between 2 geotextile.
•Structural integrety is obtained by needle
punching.
•Function: Containment,As Hydraulic
barrier.
GEO CELLS/GEO WEB MEMBERS

•Similar to geotextiles or geogrids but have depth.


•Formed by High Density Polyethylene sheets.
•When opened form honey comb like structure and that contain soil,gravel.
•Allow water through it.
•USE: In slopes with soft sub-grade
erosion control in channels
GEO FOAM:
•Large but but extreamly light materials with gas filled cells.
•Made from expanded poly styrene and extruded poly styrene by
polymeric expansion process.
•Function: separation, lightweight fill, compressible inclusions, thermal
insulation,
GEOCOMPOSITES:

•This is a factory fabricated unit with two or more geosynthetic components.


•This is prepared to extract all the major properties of the geosynthetics into a
single unit with minimum cost.
•Along with geosynthetic materials sometimes some non geosynthetic
materials are also used.

The various types of Geocomposites are :-

Geotextile-Geonet Composites
Geotextile –Geomembrane Composiets
Geotextile –Geogrid Composiets
Geomembrane –Geogrid Composite
Geotextile-Polymer Core Composite
FUNCTION OF GEOSYNTHETIC MATERIALS:
A Comparative Review.

Types Of Geosynthetics Separation Reinforcement Filteration Drainage Containment

Geotextile YES YES YES YES

Geogrid YES

Geonet YES

Geomembrane YES

GCL YES

Geofoam YES

Geocomposites YES YES YES YES YES


TESTS ON GEOSYNTHETICS:

1. Grab test
2. Seam testing
3. Puncture test
4. CBR push through test
5. Tear test
6. Diaphragm bursting strength test
7. Cone drop test
8. Dry sieve test
9. Gradient test
CONCLUSION
The rapid growth in the geosynthetic market the
world over has lent confidence to the civil engineer
in their use. One should not be tempted to imagine
geosynthetics are magical materials to yield
excellent results, without due consideration of the
problem or soil geosynthetic interaction. Such a blind
approach could lead to disaster. The future appears
to be more promising with stronger & more durable
geosynthetics emerging into the market along with
fibrous system to be mixed with soil for giving more
hope as well as challenge to the Geotechnical
engineer in the years to come

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