DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

COURSE STRUCTURE

for

M.Sc. (Chemistry)
Four Semesters (Two Year)

Programme

Based on

Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)

(As per Ordinanc-14)

I & II Semester 2020-21

III & IV Semester 2021-22

AWADHESH PRATAP SINGH UNIVERSITY, REWA (M.P.)

 Semester Course of M.Sc. Chemistry

Programme : M.Sc. Chemistry

Programme Code : 13
Duration : 4 Semester (Two Year)
Eligibility : B.Sc. with Mathematics and Biology as a subject
Age Limit : No age limit
Admission Procedure : The admission will be done as per merit of qualifying examinations

PROGRAMME OBJECTIVES & STRUCTURE

PO # PROGRAMME OUTCOME

PO 1 Critical Thinking: Take informed actions after identifying the assumptions that frame our
thinking and actions, check out the degree to which these assumptions are accurate and valid,
and look at our ideas anddecisions(intellectual,organizational,andpersonal)fromdifferent
Perspectives.
PO 2 Effective Communication: Speak, read, write and listen clearly in person and through
electronic media in English and in one Indian language, and make meaning of the world by
connecting people, ideas, books, media and Technology.

PO 3 Social Interaction: Elicit views of others, mediated is agreements and help reach conclusions
in group settings.

PO 4 Effective Citizenship: Demonstrate empathetic social concern and equity-centered national

development, and the ability to act with an informed awareness of issues and participate in
civic life through volunteering.

PO 5 Ethics: Recognize different value systems including your own, understand the moral
dimensions of your decisions, and accept responsibility for them.

PO 6 Environment and Sustainability: Understand the issues of environmental contexts and

sustainable development.

PO 7 Self-directed and Life-long Learning: Acquire the ability to engage in independent and life-
long learning in the broadest context of socio-technological changes.
 PROGRAMME SPECIFIC OUTCOME

PSO # PROGRAMME SPECIFIC OUTCOME

PSO 1 To gain a functional knowledge of theoretical concepts and experimental aspects of chemistry
and their applications in the day-to-day life.
PSO 2 To integrate the gained knowledge with various contemporary and evolving areas in chemical
sciences like inorganic, organic, physical, analytical, synthetic, instrumental etc.

PSO 3 To understand, analyze, plan and implement qualitative as well as quantitative

analytical synthetic and phenomenon-based problems in chemical sciences.

PSO 4 Provide opportunities to excel in academics, research or Industry.

Course Outcome (COs)

S.No. Course Name Course Code

Semester-I
401 Inorganic Chemistry-I MCH-401
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand Molecular Symmetry and Group Theory
CO2 Understand Stereochemistry and Bonding in Main Group Compounds
CO3 Concept of Metal-Ligand Equilibrium in Solution
CO4 Understand kinetics and reaction mechanisms in transition metal complexes
CO5 Concept of electron transfer mechanism and Crystal Field theory and its limitations
402 Organic Chemistry-I MCH-402
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand the nature of bonding in Organic molecules
CO2 Evaluate stereochemistry inorganic compounds
CO3 Examine conformational analysis and linear free energy relationship
CO4 Analyse structure and reactivity in terms of reaction mechanism
CO5 Understand aliphatic nucleophilic substitution and its factors
403 Physical Chemistry-I MCH-403
Course Outcome
CO1 Investigate Exact Quantum Mechanical Results
CO2 Understand approximate methods and its application
CO3 Discuss angular momentum
CO4 Evaluate classical thermodynamics
CO5 Understand statistical thermodynamics
404 A (A) Mathematics for Chemists MCH-404
(For students without Mathematics in B.Sc.)
Course Outcome
CO1 Explain Vectors and Matrix Algebra

CO2 Discuss Differential Calculus

CO3 Understand Integral calculus

CO4 Discuss the Elementary Differential equations

CO5 Fundamental understanding of Permutation and Probability

404B (B) Biology for Chemists MCH-404

(For students without Biology in B.Sc.)
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand Cell Structure and Functions

CO2 Discuss Carbohydrates

CO3 Discuss Lipids

CO4 Understand Amino-acids, Peptides and Proteins

CO5 Explain Nucleic Acids

105 Inorganic Chemistry Lab MCH-105

Course Outcome
CO1 Fundamental understanding of qualitative analysis
CO2 Fundamental understanding of quantitative analysis
CO3 Apply volumetric and gravimetric analysis in separation and determination of
metal ions
CO4 Understand methods of preparation of inorganic compounds
CO5 Analyse inorganic compounds by spectroscopic methods
106 Organic Chemistry Lab MCH-106
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand methods of preparation of organic compounds
CO2 Analyse synthesized organic compounds by spectroscopic techniques
CO3 Understand chromatographic methods for separation, purification and
identification of organic compounds
CO4 Understand IR spectra for functional group identification
CO5 Interpretation of results
107 Physical Chemistry Lab MCH-107
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand experimental techniques for adsorption and phase diagram
CO2 Determine rate constant for various chemical reactions
CO3 Understand Oscillatory reactions
CO4 Determine molecular mass of non-volatile and electrolyte
CO5 Analyse the degree of dissociation of weak electrolyte and its deviation from
ideal behaviour
Semester-II
405 Inorganic Chemistry-II MCH-405
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand Electronic Spectral Studies of Transition Metal Complexes
CO2 Understand Magnetic Properties of Transition metal Complexes
CO3 Understand Metal π Complexes
CO4 Understand Metal Clusters
CO5 Determine Optical Rotatory Dispersion and Circular Dichroism
406 Organic Chemistry-II MCH-406
Course Outcome
CO1 Explain to Aromatic Electrophilic & Nucleophilic Substitution

CO2 Explain to Free Radical Reactions

CO3 Understand Addition Reactions

CO4 Understand to Addition to carban-Hetero Multiple bonds and Elimination Reactions

CO5 Understand to Pericyclic Reactions

407 Physical Chemistry-II MCH-407
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand Chemical Dynamics
CO2 Understand Surface Chemistry
CO3 Explain Macromolecules
CO4 Understand Non Equilibrium thermodynamics
CO5 Explain Electrochemistry
408 Spectroscopy and Diffraction Methods MCH-408
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
CO2 Understand Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
CO3 Explain to X-ray Diffraction-I
CO4 Explain to X-ray Diffraction-Il
CO5 Understand the Electron and Neutron Diffraction
205 Inorganic Chemistry Lab MCH-205
Course Outcome
CO1 Explain the Separation of cations and anions by paper chromatography
CO2 Explain the Separation of cations and anions by column chromatography (ion
exchange)
CO3 Understand the Preparation of inorganic compounds
CO4 Understand I. R. electronic spectra of Synthesized inorganiccompounds
CO5 Analyse Mossbauer, E.S.R. and magnetic susceptibility of Synthesized
inorganic compounds
206 Organic Chemistry Lab MCH-206
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand Aldol condensation
CO2 Understand synthesis of p-chlorotoulene from p-toludiene
CO3 Understand synthesis of p-nitroaniline and p- bromoaniline
CO4 Determination of the percentage or number of hydroxyl group inan organic
compound by acetylation method
CO5 Determine the iodine and saponification values of an oil sample
207 Physical Chemistry Lab MCH-207
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand of solubility product of sparingly soluble salt
CO2 Determine the strength of strong and weak acid
CO3 Analyse the strengths of halides in a mixture potentiometrically
CO4 Understand Acid - base titration in a non - aqueous media using
a pH meter
CO5 Determine the dissociation constant of monobasic / dibasic acid
Semester-III
501 Application of Spectroscopy MCH-501
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand Electronic Spectra of coordination compounds
CO2 Discuss Vibrational Spectroscopy
CO3 Discuss Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
CO4 Analyse the Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in coordination compounds

CO5 Explain Mossbauer and Mass spectroscopy

502 Photochemistry MCH-502

Course Outcome
CO1 Discuss Photochemical Reactions
CO2 Understand Reaction Mechanism
CO3 Discuss Photochemistry of Alkene & Aromatic Compounds
CO4 Explain Photochemistry of Carbonyl Compounds

CO5 Analyse Miscellaneous Photochemical Reactions

503 Analytical Chemistry MCH-503
Course Outcome
CO1 Discuss the Introduction of Analytical Chemistry
CO2 Discuss Errors and Evaluation
CO3 Understand Food Analysis & Water Pollution
CO4 Understand Clinical Chemistry
CO5 Analyse Drug Analysis
504 Heterocyclic Chemistry MCH-504
Course Outcome
CO 1 Understand Nomenclature of Heterocycles and Aromatic Heterocycles
CO 2 Discuss Non-aromatic Heterocycles
CO 3 Explain Small Ring Heterocycles and Benzo-Fused Five-Membered
Heterocycles
CO 4 Understand Meso-ionic Heterocycles and Six-Membered Heterocycles with
one Heteroatom
CO 5 Understand Heerocyclic systems containing P, As, Sb and B

505 Electrochemistry MCH-505

 Course Outcome

CO 1 Understand Conversion and storage of Electrochemical Energy

CO 2 Explain corrosion and stability of metals

CO 3 Understand Bioelectrochemistry

CO 4 Learn kineic parameters for quasi-reversible and irreversible waves

CO 5 Understand potential Sweep and Bulk Electrolysis methods

506 Industrial Chemistry MCH-506

Course Outcome

CO 1 Understand Industrial Gases and Inorganic Chemicals

CO 2 To impart basic knowledge of Petroleum Chemistry
CO 3 To learn how to make Glasses, Ceramics and Cements
CO 4 To learn the manufacturing of Sugar, Papers, Leathers and Fertilizers
CO 5 Understand Petroleum and Petrochemical Chemistry
507 Medicinal Chemistry MCH-507
Course Outcome
CO 1 Understand Structure and Activity
CO 2 Discuss Pharmacodynamics
CO 3 Understand Antibiotics and Antibacterial
CO 4 Explain General chemistry and mode of action of Antifungal Antibacterial
and Antiviral drugs
CO 5 Explain General chemistry and mode of action of Non - steroidal & Anti
inflammatory drugs
305 Inorganic Chemistry Lab MCH-305
Course Outcome
CO1 Quantitative determination of a three component mixture
CO2 Analyse Chromatographic Separations of Cadmium and Zinc
CO3 Analyse Thin layer chromatography-separation of Nickel,
Manganese
CO4 Understand Separation and identification of sugar present in the
Given mixture of glucose, fructose and sucrose
CO5 Analyse Chromatographic Separations of Cobalt and Zinc
306 Organic Chemistry Lab MCH-306
Course Outcome
CO1 Analyse Benzilic acid from Benzil
CO2 Understand Preparation of quinoline from aniline
CO3 Understand Preparation of 2-phenyl indole from phenl hydrazine.
CO4 Understand Biosynthesis of ethanol from sucrose
CO5 Analyse the Separation and identification of the sugars present
In the given mixture of glucose, fructose and sucrose by paper
chromatography and determination of Rf values

307 Physical Chemistry Lab MCH-307

Course Outcome
CO1 Determine the stoichiometry and stability constant of Ferric
Isothiocyanate complexion solution
CO2 Determine the rate constant of alkaline bleaching of Malachite
Green and effects of ionic strength on the rate of reaction
CO3 Analyse the energy and enthalpy of activation in the reaction of
KMnO4 and benzyl alcohol in acid medium
CO4 Analyse the energy of activation and entropy of activation from
A single kinetic run
CO5 Determine Kinetics of an enzyme catalyzed reaction

Semester-IV
508 Organotransition Metal Chemistry MCH-508
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand Alkyls and Aryls of Transition Metals Compounds of Transition Metal-
Carbon multiple bonds
CO2 Understand Transition Metal π-Complexes
CO3 Discuss Stoichiometric reactions and Transition Metal Compounds with
bonds to hydrogen, boron, silicon
CO4 Discuss Homogeneous Catalysis
CO5 Analyse Fluxional Organometallic Compounds
509 Solid State Chemistry MCH-509
Course Outcome
CO1 Discuss Solid State Reactions
CO2 Understand Crystal Defects and Non-Stoichiometry
CO3 Discuss Eiectronic properties and Band Theory
CO4 Understand Organic Solids
CO5 Analyse Liquid crystals
510 Natural Product MCH-510
 Course Outcome
CO 1 Explain the Terpenoids and Carotenoids
CO 2 Discuss the Alkaloids
CO 3 Discuss the Steroids
CO 4 Understand the Plant Pigments and Prophyrins
CO 5 Understand the Prostaglandis and Pyrethroids and Rotenones
511 Organic Synthesis MCH-511
Course Outcome
CO 1 Explain Disconnection approach
CO 2 Understand one group and two group C-C disconnections
CO 3 Understand Oxidation and Reduction
CO 4 Understand organometallic reagents
CO 5 Discuss synthesis of some complex molecules
512 Polymer Chemistry MCH-512
Course Outcome
CO 1 Understand importance of polymers
CO 2 Discuss polymer characterization
CO 3 Learn analysis and testing of polymers
CO 4 Understand inorganic polymers
CO 5 Discuss structure, properties and application of polymers
513 Environmental Chemistry MCH-513
Course Outcome
CO 1 Explain Atmospheric Chemistry and Tropospheric Photochemistry
CO 2 Understand Air Pollution, Acid Rain, Stratospheric Ozone Depletion, Green
House Effect and Urban Air Pollution
CO 3 Discuss Aquatic Chemistry and Water Pollution
CO 4 Understand Toxic heavy metals, Toxic Organic Compound, Polychlorinated
biphenyls and Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
CO 5 Explain Soil and Environmental Disasters
514 Computer-Aided Drug Discovery MCH-514
Course Outcome
CO 1 Discuss General information about drugs
CO 2 Understand SAR vs Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
CO 3 Explain Topological modeling
CO 4 Discuss Regression analysis
CO 5 Discuss Molecular Modeling
515 Inorganic Chemistry Lab MCH515
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand Preparation of inorganic compounds
CO2 Understand IR electronic spectra of Synthesized inorganic compounds
CO3 Discuss Handing of air and moisture sensitive compounds involving
vacuum lines.
CO4 Analyse Spectrophotometric Determination of Manganese/Chromium in
steel sample
CO5 Analyse Fluoride/nitrite/phosphate inorganic compounds
516 Organic Chemistry Lab MCH 516
Course Outcome
CO1 Understand lsolation of caffeine from tea leaves
CO2 Understand Isolation of casein from milk
CO3 Understand Isolation of nicotine diorite from tobacco
CO4 Understand Isolation of eugenol from clove
CO5 Analyse Identification of organic compounds by UV, IR, PMR Spectroscopy
517 Physical Chemistry Lab MCH 517
Course Outcome
CO1 Determine the partial molar volume of solute and solvent in a binary
mixture.
CO2 Determine of the temperature dependence of the solubility of a compound
CO3 Analyse Identification and estimation of Cd+2, Pb+2
CO4 Analyse Identification and estimation of Zn+2 and I+2
CO5 Analyse Study of metal ligand complex polarographically
 M.Sc. CHEMISTRY
(FOUR SEMESTER COURSE)
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION
(CBCS Syllabus)
(Effective from 2020-21)

SEMESTER −I

Paper Course No. Course Credit Marks

Paper I MCH-401 Inorganic Chemistry I 4 100(60+40)
Paper II MCH-402 Organic Chemistry I 4 100(60+40)
Paper III MCH-403 Physical Chemistry I 4 100(60+40)
Generic Elective
Paper IV (a) Mathematics for Chemists1 4 100(60+40)
MCH-404 (b) Biology for Chemists2
Practical Inorganic (105) + Organic (106) + Physical (107) 6 100+100+100
(2+2+2)
Comprehensive viva voce 4* 100

Total Marks 26 800

*Virtual Credit
1 Strictly for the students without Mathematics in B.Sc.
2Strictly for the students without Biology in B.Sc.

SEMESTER −II

Paper Course No. Course Credit Marks

Paper V MCH-405 Inorganic Chemistry II 4 100(60+40)
Paper VI MCH-406 Organic Chemistry II 4 100(60+40)
Paper VII MCH-407 Physical Chemistry II 4 100(60+40)
Generic Elective
Paper VIII MCH-408 Spectroscopy and Diffraction Methods 4 100(60+40)

Practical Inorganic (205) + Organic (206)+ Physical (207) 6 100+100+100

(2+2+2)
Comprehensive viva voce 4* 100
Total Marks 26 800
*Virtual Credit
SEMESTER− III

Paper Course No. Course Credit Marks

Paper−I MCH-501 Application of Spectroscopy 4 100(60+40)
Paper−II MCH-502 Photochemistry 4 100(60+40)
Discipline Elective (any one)
MCH-503 Analytical Chemistry 4 100(60+40)
Paper−III MCH-504 Heterocyclic Chemistry
MCH-505 Electrochemistry
Generic Elective (any one)
Paper−IV MCH-506 Industrial Chemistry 4 100(60+40)
MCH-507 Medicinal Chemistry
Practical Inorganic (307) + Organic (308) + Physical (309) 6 100+100+100
(2+2+2)
Comprehensive viva voce 4* 100

Total Marks 26 800

*Virtual Credit

SEMESTER− IV

Paper Course No. Course Credit Marks

Paper V MCH-508 Organotransition Metal Chemistry 4 100(60+40)
Paper VI MCH-509 Solid State Chemistry 4 100(60+40)
Discipline Elective (any one)
MCH-510 Natural Product 4 100(60+40)
Paper VII MCH-511 Organic synthesis
MCH-512 Polymer Chemistry
Generic Elective (any one)
Paper VIII MCH-513 Environmental Chemistry 4 100(60+40)
MCH-514 Computer-Aided Drug Discovery
Practical Inorganic (515) + Organic (516) + Physical (517) 6 100+100+100
(2+2+2)
Comprehensive viva voce 4* 100

Total Marks 26 800

*Virtual Credit

Grand Total Marks M.Sc. (Ist to IVth Sem)=3200

 SEMESTER −I
Paper-I
MCH-401: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I

COURSE OBJECTIVES
To make the student conversant with
 The basic concept of Molecular Symmetry and Group Theory
 Stereochemistry and bonding in main group compounds
 Metal ligand equilibrium in solution
 Reaction mechanism of transition metal complexes
 Metal ligand bonding

Unit-I
Molecular Symmetry and Group Theory
Symmetry elements and symmetry operations, definition of group, subgroup and classes in a group.
Conjugacy relation and classes. Point symmetry group. Schonfilies symbols, representations of groups by
matrices (representation for the Cn, Cnv, Cnh, Dnh group to be worked out explicity). Character of a
representation. The great orthogonality theorem (without proof) and its importance. Character tables and
their use. Reducible representations and their reduction spectroscopy. Derivation of character table for C2v
and C3v point group Symmetry aspects of molecular vibrations of H2O molecule.

Unit-II
Stereochemistry and Bonding in Main Group Compounds
VSEPR, Walsh diagram (triatomic and penta-atomic molecules), dπ-pπ bond, Bent rule and Short comings
of VSEPR model, energetics of hybridization, some simple reactions of covalently bonded molecules.

Unit-III
Metal-Ligand Equilibrium in Solution
Stepwise and overall formation constants and their interaction, trends in stepwise constant, factors
affecting the stability of metal complexes with reference to the nature of metal ion and ligand. Chelate effect
and its thermodynamic origin, determination of binary formation constants by potentiometry and
spectrophotometry.

Unit-IV
Reaction Mechanism of Transition Metal Complexes
Energy profile of a reaction, reactivity of metal complex, inert and labile complexes, kinetic application of
valence bond and crystal field theories, kinetics of octahedral substitution, acid hydrolysis, factors affecting
acid hydrolysis, base hydrolysis, conjugate base mechanism, direct and indirect evidences in favour of
conjugate mechanism, anion reactions, reactions without metal ligand bond cleavage. Substitution
reactions in square planar complexes, the trans effect, mechanism of the substitution reaction. Redox
reaction, electron transfer reactions, mechanism of one electron transfer reactions, outer sphere type
reactions, cross reactions and Marcus-Hush theory, inner sphere type reactions.

Unit-V
Metal-Ligand bonding
Limitation of crystal field theory, molecular orbital theory for bonding in octahedral, tetrahedral and
square planar complexes, π-bonding and molecular orbital theory. John-Teller effect, Electronic spectra and
transition metal complexes, spectroscopic term and microstates for the p2 and d2 configurations.

Books Suggested
1. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, F.A. Cotton and Wilkinson, John Wiley.
2. Inorganic Chemistry, J.E. Huhey, Harpes & Row.
 3. Chemistry of the Elements. N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshow, Pergamon.
4. Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy, A.B.P. Lever, Elsevier.
5. Magnetiochemistry, R.L. Carlin, Springer Verlag.
6. Comprehensive Coordiantion Chemistry eds., G. Wilkinson, R.D. Gillars and J.A. Mc
Cleverty,Pergamon.
7. J.E. House, Inorganic Chemistry, Elsevier, 2008.
8. D.K. Sriver, P.W. Alkins and C.H. Langford, Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford University,
Pra 51, Oxford, 1994.

COURSE OUTCOMES
The students will be able to
 know the Symmetry elements and symmetry operations covers a wide area of research in
theoretical chemistry.
 know the shape of the molecules and their point groups
 Demonstrate and understanding of VSEPR theory
 evaluate the stability of metal ligand complexes
 Get knowledge about reaction mechanism and metal ligand bonding
 SEMESTER−I
Paper-II
MCH-402: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I

COURSE OBJECTIVES
To make the student learn about the
 Concepts of aromaticity
 The basic concepts in stereochemistry
 To understand principles of organic reaction mechanism, substitution, elimination, homo-
and hetero bond addition reactions.

Unit-I
Nature and Bonding in Organic Molecules
Delocalized chemical bonding-conjugation, cross conjugation, resonance hyperconjugation, bonding in
fullerences, tautomerism. Aromaticity in benzenoid and non-benzoid compounds, alternate and non-
alternate hydrocarbons. Huckel’s rule, energy. Level of π-molecular orbitals, annulenes, anti-aromaticity,
homo-aromaticity, PMO approach. Bonds weaker than covalent-addition compounds, crown ether
complexs and cryptands, inclusion compounds, catenanes and rotaxanes.

Unit-II
Stereochemistry
Strain due to unavoidable crowding Elements of symmetry, chirality, molecules with more than one chiral
center, threo and ertythro isomers, methods of resolution, optical purity, enantiotopic and diastereotopic
atoms, groups and faces, stereospecific and stereoselective synthesis, Asymmetric synthesis. Optical
activity in the absence of chiral carbon (biphenyls, allenes and spirane chirallity due to helical shape.
Stereochemistry of the compounds containing nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus.

Unit-III
Conformational analysis and linear free energy relationship
Conformational analysis of cycloalkanes, decalines, effect of conformation on reactivity, conformation of
sugars. Generation, structure, stability and reactivity of carbocations, carbanions, free radicals, carbenes
and nitrenes. The Hammett equation and linear free energy relationship, substituents and reaction
constants, Taft equation.

Unit-IV
Reaction Mechanism : Structure and Reactivity
Type of mechanisms, types of reactions, thermodynamic and kinetic requirements, kinetic and
thermodynamic control, Hammond’s postulate, Curtir-Hammett principle. Potential energy diagrams,
transition states and intermediates, methods of determining mechanisms, isotopes effects.

Unit-V
Aliphatic Nucleophilic Substitution
The SN2, SN1 mixed SN1 and SN2 and SET mechanism. The neighboring group mechanism, neighboring
group participation by p and s bonds, anchimeric assistance. Classical and nonclassical carbocations,
phenomium ions, norborynl systems, common carbocation rearrangements. Application of NMR
spectroscopy in the detection of carbocations. The SN1 mechanism. Nucleophilic substitution at an allylic,
aliphatic trigonal and a vinylic carbon. Reactivity effects of substrate structure, attacking nucleophile,
leaving group and reaction medium, phase transfer catalysis and ultrasound, ambident nucleophile,
regioselectivity.

BooksSuggested
1. Advanced Organic Chemistry-Reactions, Mechanism and Structure, Jerry March,John Wiley.
 2. Advanced Organic Chemistry, F.A. Carey and R.J. Sunderg, Plenum.
3. A Guide Book to Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, Peter Sykes, Longman.
4. Structure and Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, C.K. Ingold, Comell UniversityPress.
5. Organic Chemistry, R.T. Morrison and R.N. Boyd, Prentice-Hall.
6. Modern Organic Reactions, H.O. House, Benjamin.
7. Principles of Organic Synthesis, R.O.C. Norman and J.M. Coxon, BlackieAcademic & Professionsl.
8. Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, S.M. Mukherji and S.P. Singh,Macmillan.
9. Pericyclic Reactions, S.M. Mukherji, Macmillan, India
10. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, D.Nasipuri, New Age International.
11. Stereochemisty of Organic Compounds, P.S. Kalsi, New Age International.
12. Spectroscopic methods in Organic Chemistry, D.H. Williams, I. Fleming, Tata McGraw-Hill.
13. Application of Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, J.R. Dyer, Prentice Hall.
14. Organic Chemistry, J. McMurry, Thomson Asia.
15. Organic Chemistry, W. Kemp, ELBS, Macmillan.

COURSE OUTCOMES
The students will be able to
 Acquire the skills for correct stereo-chemical assignment and interpretation in rather
simple organic molecules.
 Understanding of Organic reaction, rearrangement and cross-coupling reaction with their
mechanism and application.
 SEMESTER −I
Paper-III
MCH-403: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY-I
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To make the student conversant with
 The objective of the course is to know the application of quantum mechanics in physical models
and experiments of chemical systems. The student will be able to calculatethe Energy of the
system including EHOMO,ELUMO and bond order.
 The main objective of the course is to provide fundamental concepts of thermodynamics
effects and relationships. The course is to give knowledge of comprehensive and rigorous
treatment of classical thermodynamics, thermodynamics relations. Explain the concept of
partial molar properties fugacity and activity.

Unit-I
Introduction to Exact Quantum Mechanical Results
Schrödinger equation and the postulates of quantum mechanics. Discussion of solutions of the Schrödinger
equation to some model systems viz., particle in a box, the harmonic oscillator, the rigid rotor, the hydrogen
atom and helium atom.

Unit-II
Approximate Methods
The variation theorem, linear variation principle. Perturbation theory (First order and nondegenerate).
Applications of variation method and perturbation theory to the Helium atom.
Molecular Orbital Theory
Huckel theory of conjugated systems bond and charge density calculations. Applications to ethylene,
butadiene, cyclopropenyl radical cyclobutadiene etc. Introduction to extended Huckel theory.

Unit-III
Angular Momentum
Ordinary angular momentum, generalized angular momentum, eigenfucntions for angular momentum,
eigenvalues of angular momentum operator using ladder operators addition of angular momenta, spin,
antisymmetry and Pauli exclusion principle.

Unit-IV
Classical Thermodynamics
Brief resume of concepts of laws of thermodynamics, free energy, chemical potential and entropies. Partial
molar free energy, partial molar volume and partial molar heat content and their significance.
Determinations of these quantities. Concept of fugacity and determination of fugacity. Non-ideal systems :
Excess function s for non-ideal solutions. Activity, activity coefficient, Debye Huckel theory for activity
coefficient fo electrolytic solutions; determination of activity and activity coefficients; ionic strength.
Application of phase rule to three component systems; second order phase transitions.

Unit-V
Statistical Thermodynamics
Concept of distribution, thermodynamic probability and most probable distribution. Ensemble averaging,
postulates of ensemble averaging. Canonical, grand canonical and micro-canonical ensembles,
corresponding distribution laws (using Lagrange’s method of undetermined multipliers). Partition
functions-translation, rotational, vibrational and electronic partition functions, Calculation of
thermodynamic properties in terms of partition. Application of partition functions. Fermi-Dirac Statistics,
distribution law and applications to metal. Bose-Einstein statistics distribution Law and application to
helium.

Books Suggested
 1. Physical Chemistry, P.W. Atkins, ELBS.
2. Introduction to Quantum Chemistyry, A.K. Chandra, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
3. Quantum Chemistry, Ira N. Levine, Prentice Hall.
4. Coulson’s Valence, R.Mc Ween y, ELBS.
5. Chemical Kinetics. K.J. Laidler, McGraw-Hill.
6. Kinetics and Mechanism of Chemical Transformation J.Rajaraman and J. Kuriacose, McMillan.
7. Micelles, Theoretical and Applied Aspects, V. MOraoi, Plenum.
8. Modern Electrochemistry Vol. 1 and Vol II J.O.M. Bockris and A.K.N. Reddy, Planum.
9. Introduction to Polymer Science, V.R. Gowarikar, N.V. Vishwanathan and J. Sridhar,Wiley Eastern.
10. Introduction to Quantum Chemistry-R.K. Prasad, New Age Publication.
11. Thermodynamics for students of Chemistry, Shobanlal Nagin Chand Co. 1986.

COURSE OUTCOMES
 Students will be able to grasp fundamental concepts of operators, algebra of operators and
quantum mechanical and Schrodinger wave equations for single and multi electron
systems.
 Students will be able to grasp fundamental concepts of operators, algebra of operators and
quantum mechanical and Schrodinger wave equations for single and multi electron
systems.
 The student will be able to perform energy calculation for conjugated hydrocarbon
systems.
 Students will also understand various thermodynamic relationship, the concept of free
energy and partial molar quantities, activity and activity coefficients and determination.
 SEMESTER− I
Paper-IV
MCH-404: (a) MATHEMATICS FOR CHEMISTS
(For students without Mathematics in B.Sc.)

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The objective of the course is to know the basics of the mathematics which are generally
applied in chemistry viz., vectors and matrix algebra,differential and integral calculus,
permutation and probability

Unit-I
Vectors
Vectors, dot, cross and triple products etc. gradient, divergence and curl, Vector Calculus.
Matrix Algebra
Addition and multiplication; inverse, adjoint and transpose of matrices.

Unit-II
Differential Calculus
Functions, continuity and differentiability, rules for differentiation, applications of differential calculus
including maxima and minima (examples related to maximally populated rotational energy levels, Bohr’s
radius and most probable velocity from Maxwell’s distribution etc.).
Unit-III
Integral calculus
Basic rules for integration, integration by parts, partial fractions and substitution. Reduction formulae,
applications of integral calculus. Functions of several variables, partial differentiation, co-ordinate
transformations (e.g. Cartesian to spherical polar).

Unit-IV
Elementary Differential equations
First-order and first degree differential equations, homogenous, exact and linear equations. Applications to
chemical kinetics, secular equilibria, quantum chemistry etc. second order differential equation and their
solutions.

Unit-V
Permutation and Probability
Permutations and combinations, probability and probability theorems average, variance root means square
deviation examples from the kinetic theory of gases etc., fitting (including least squares fit etc with a
general polynomial fit.

Books Suggested
1. The chemistry Mathematics Book, E.Steiner, Oxford University Press.
2. Mathematics for chemistry, Doggett and Suiclific, Logman.
3. Mathematical for Physical chemistry : F. Daniels, Mc. Graw Hill.
4. Chemical Mathematics D.M. Hirst, Longman.
5. Applied Mathematics for Physical Chemistry, J.R. Barante, Prentice Hall.
6. Basic Mathematics for Chemists, Tebbutt, Wiley.
7. Mathematics for Chemists, Bhupendra Singh, Pragati Prakashan.
8. Defferential Calulus/Integral Calculus, Dr. G. Prasad, Ppthishala Pvt. Ltd.
9. A Course in Vectors and their Applications: R. S. Mishra, Prakashan Kendra, Lucknow.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Basic mathematics is the back bone of modern chemistry. Students from biology
background are also taking admission in the Program. Hence, the course is useful in
understanding topics where mathematics is involved.
 SEMESTER −I
Paper-IV
MCH-404 (b) BIOLOGY FOR CHEMISTS
(For students without Biology in B.Sc.)

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The Chemistry involved in biological processes is need of the time. Therefore, the main
objective of the course is to know the basics of the biology which are generally applied in
chemistry. The students will be able to understand the biological process through the course.

Unit-I
Cell Structure and Functions
Structure prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, intracellular organelles and their functions, comparison of plant
and animal cells. Ove4rview and their functions, comparison of plant and animal cells. Overview of
metabolic processes-catabolism and anabolism. ATP – the biological energy currency. Origin of life-unique
properties of carbon chemical evolution and rise of living systems. Introduction to bio-molecules, building
blocks of biomacromolecules.

Unit-II
Carbohydrates
Conformation of monosaccharides, structure and functions of important derivatives of mono-saccharides
like glycosides, deoxy sugars, myoinositol, amino sugars. Nacetylmuramic acid, sialic acid disaccharides and
polysaccharides. Structural polysaccharides cellulose and chitin. Storage polysaccharides-starch and
glycogen. Structure and biological function of glucosaminoglycans of mucopolysaccharides. Carbohydrates
of glycoporteins and glycolipids. Role of sugars in biological recognition. Blood group substances. Ascorbic
acid.

Unit-III
Lipid
Fatty acids, essential fatty acids, structure and function of triacylglycerols, glycerophospholipids,
sphingolipids, cholesterol, bile acids, prostaglandins. Liproproteins-compositiion and function, role in
atherosclerosis. Properties of lipid aggregates-micelles, bilayers, liposomes and their possible biological
functions. Biological membranes. Fluid mosaic model of membrane structure. Lipid metabolism-boxidation
of fatty acids.

Unit-IV
Amino-acids, Peptides and Proteins
Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins to peptides, amino acid sequencing. Secondary structure of
proteins. force responsible for holding of secondary structures. ahelix, -b-sheets, super secondary
structure, triple helix structure of collagen. Tertiary structure of protein-folding and domina structure.
Quaternary structure. Amino acid metabolism-degradation and biosynthesis of amino acids, sequence
determination: chemical/enzymatic/mass spectral, racemization/detection. Chemistry of oxytocin and
tryptophan releasing hormone (TRH).

Unit-V
Nucleic Acids
Purine and pyrimidine bases of nucleic acids, base pairing via Hbounding. Structure of ribonucleic acids
(RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), double helix model of DNA and forces responsible for holding it.
Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of nucleic acids. The chemical basis for heredity, an overview of
replication of DNA, transcription, translation and genetic code. Chemical synthesis of mono and
trinucleoside.
Books Suggested
1. Principles of Biochemistry, A.L. Lehninger, Worth Publishers.
2. Biochemistry, L. Stryer, W.H. Freeman.
3. Biochemistry, J. David Rawan, Neil Patterson.
4. Biochemistry, Voet and Voet, John Wiley.
5. Outlines of Biochemistry E.E. Conn and P.K. Stumpf, John Wiley.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Basic knowledge of biology is also involved in chemistry related to real life problems which
chemistry students must know. The students coming from Mathematics background are made
aware o the basic knowledge required. Hence, the course is useful in understanding topics covered
in this course.
 SEMESTER −I
PRACTICAL
(Duration: 6 hrs in each branch)

Note- Practical examination of Inorganic/Organic/Physical will be conducts at the end of each semester
during examination.

Inorganic Chemistry

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The students will learn
 The basics of quantitative estimation of metal complexes.
 To separate different ions by paper chromatography.
 The interpretation od IR spectra of metal complexes.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Chromatographic Separations
(a) Cadmium and zinc
(b) Zinc and magnesium
(c) Lead and silver

2. Complexometric titration
Estimation of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+

3. Interpretation of IR spectra of some known inorganic complexes.

Books Suggested
1. Synthesis and Characterization of Inorganic Compounds, W. L. Jolly, Prentice Hall.
2. Inorganic experiments, 3rd edition, J. D. Woollins, Wiley-VCHVerlag GmbH @Co.KGaA, 2012.
3. Foundations of College Chemistry in the Laboratory, M. Hein, J. N. Peisen and R. L. Miner, John Wiley and Sons,
2011.
4. In-house Laboratory Manual, Departmentof Chemistry, APSU Rewa.

COURSE OUTCOMES
The students will be able to
 Estimate the metals from metal complexes.
 Separate and analyze different metal ions using paper chromatography.
 Identify the different groups present in the complexes.
 Physical Chemistry
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To introduce experiments in chemical kinetics and equilibrium chemistry.

Experiment – 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Chemical Kinetics
(a) Determination of velocity constant of the hydrolysis of methyl acetate catalysed by an acid (say
HCl, H2SO4, etc.).
(b) Determination of velocity constant of saponification of ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide.
(c) Determination of velocity of the reaction between potassium persulphate and potassium iodide.
2. To determine the distribution coefficient of benzoic acid between toluene and water at room
temperature.

3. To determine equilibrium constant for the reaction between iodide and iodine by the
method of distribution.

Books Suggested
1. An introduction to Statistical Thermodynamics, T. A. Hill, Dover Publications Inc., 1987.
2. Chemical Kinetics, K. J. Laidler, Pearson Education, 3rd edition, 2011.
3. Findley’s Practical Physical Chemistry, B. P. Levitt, Longman.
4. Practical Physical Chemisry, A. M. James and F. E. Prichard, Longman.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Students will obtain hands on experience on chemical kinetics and equilibrium parameters.
 Organic Chemistry
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To introduce organic synthesis, purification and identification of organic compounds using
physiochemical techniques.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Qualitative Analysis
Separation, purification and identification of compounds of ternary mixture (one liquid and one
solid) using TLC and columns chromatography, chemical tests. IR spectra to be used for functional
group identification.

2. Organic Synthesis
Acetylation : Acetylation of cholesterol and separation of cholesteryl acetate by
columnchromatography. Oxidation : Adipic acid by chromic acid oxidation of
cyclothexaneolGrignard reaction : Synthesis of triphenylmethanol from benzoic acid Aromatic
electrophilic sustitutions : Synthesis of p-nitroaniline and pbromoaniline. Aldol condensation
Dibenzal acetone from benzaldehyde. Synthesis of different Schiff bases using salicylaldehyde and
amines, Synthesys of different dithiocarbamates. The Products may be characterized by Spectral
Techniques.

3. Qualitative analysis of Bi-functional compounds

(a) Anthranilic acid
(b) p-aminobenzoic acid
(c) Resorcinol
(d) Acetamide
(e) α/β-naphthole

Books Suggested
1. Laboratory Manual in Organic Chemistry, R. K. Bansal, Wiley, 2006.
2. Vogel’s Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS.
3. Practical Organic Chemistry, F. G. Mann and B. C. Saunders, Orient Longman.
4. Experimental Organic Chemistry Vol 1 and 2, P. R; Singh, D. S. Gupta and K. S. Bajpai, Tata McGraw Hill.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Ensures the students to understand acquire knowledge and have hands on experience in
organic synthesis and analysis by using physiochemical techniques.
 SEMESTER −II
Paper-V
MCH-405: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY-II

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The complexes of transition metals are very important topics of applied chemistry. Even in
Medicinal chemistry these complexes play important role. The main objective of the course is to
provide fundamental concept of
 The electronic spectral studies of transition metal complexes.
 Magnetic properties of transition metal complexes.
 Metal π-complexes and metal clusters.
 Optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and circular dichroism (CD).

Unit-I
Electronic Spectral Studies of Transition Metal Complexes
Spectroscopic ground states, correlation. Orgel and Tanabe-Sugano diagrams for transition metal
complexes (d1-d9 states), Selection rule for electronic spectroscopy. Intensity of various type electronic
transitions. Calculations of 10Dq, B and β parameters, charge transfer spectra.

Unit-II
Magnetic Properties of Transition Metal Complexes
Anomalous magnetic moments, Quenching of Orbital contribution. Orbital contribution to magnetic
moment, magnetic exchange coupling and spin crossover.

Unit-III
Metal π-Complexes
Metal carbonyl, structure and bonding, vibrational spectra of metal carbonyls for bonding and structural
elucidation, important reactions of metal carbonyls; preparation, bonding structure and important reaction
of transition metal nitrosyl, dinitrogen and dioxgen complexes; tertiary phosphine as ligand, Wilkinson’s
catalyst.

Unit-IV
Metal Clusters
Synthesis, reactivity and bonding
Borane Chemistry
Higher boranes, carboranes, metalloboranes and metallo-carboranes compounds with metal metal multiple
bonds.

Unit-V
Optical Rotatory Dispersion and Circular Dichroism
Linearly and circularly polarized lights; optical rotatory power and circular birefringence, elipticity and
circular dichroism; ORD and Cotton effect, Faraday and Kerr effects; Assignment of electronic transitions;
applications of ORD and CD for the determination of (i) absolute configuration of complexes and (ii)
isomerism due to non-planarity of chelate rings.

Books Suggested :
1. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, F.A. Cotton and Wilkinson, John Wiley.
2. Inorganic Chemistry, J.E. Huhey, Harpes & Row.
3. Chemistry of the Elements. N.N. Greenwood and A. Earnshow, Pergamon.
4. Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy, A.B.P. Lever, Elsevier.
5. Magnetiochemistry, R.L. Carlin, Springer Verlag.
6. Comprehensive Coordiantion Chemistry eds., G. Wilkinson, R.D. Gillars and J.A. Mc Cleverty,Pergamon.
COURSE OUTCOMES
 Student will be able to understand the spectroscopic ground states of d1 to d9 systems.
 They will gain the knowledge of magnetic moment and magnetic exchange coupling of
transition metal complexes.
 Student will get the basic idea about metal-π complexes and metal clusters.
 SEMESTER −II
Paper-VI
MCH-406: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-II

COURSE OBJECTIVES
Understanding of chemical reaction and their mechanism is essential part of chemistry.
This course is introduced for the detailed study of aromatic electrophilic substitution, aromatic
nucleophilic substitution, free radical reactions, addition reactions, addition to carbon-hetero
multiple bonds, elimination reactions.This course also imparts knowledge on different classes of
pericyclic reactions.

Unit-I
Aromatic Electrophilic Substitution
The arenium ion mechanism, orientation and reactivity, energy profile diagrams. The ortho/para ratio, ipso
attack, orientation in other ring systems. Quantitative treatment of reactivity in substrates and
electrophiles. Diazonium coupling, Vilsmeir reactiion, Gatterman-Koch reaction

Aromatic Nucleophilic Substitution

The SNAr SN1, benzyne and SN1 mechanism, Reactivity effect of substrate structure, leaving group and
attacking nucleophile. The Von Richte. Sommelet-Hauser, and Smiles rearrangements.

Unit-II
Free Radical Reactions
Types of free radical reactions, free radical substitution mechanism, mechanism at an aromatic substrate,
neighbouring group assistance. Reactivity for aliphatic and aromatic substrates at a bridgehead. Reactivity
in the attacking radicals. The effect of solvents on reactivity. Allylic halogenation (NBS), oxidation of
aldehydes to carboyxlic acids, autooxidation, coupling of alkynes and arylation of aromatic compounds by
diazonium salts, Sandmeyer reaction. Free radical rearrangement. Hunsdiecker reaction.

Unit III
Addition Reactions
Mechanistic and stereochemical aspects of addition reactions involving electrophiles, nucleophiles and free
radicals, regio-and chemoselectivity, orientation and reactivity. Addition to cyclopropane ring.
Hydrogenation of double and triple bounds, hydrogenation of aromatic rings. Hydroboration, Michael
reaction, sharpless asymmetric epoxidation.

Unit-IV
Addition to Carbon-Hetero Multiple bonds
Mechanism of metal hydride reduction of saturated and unsaturated carbonyl compounds,acid esters and
nitriles. Addition of Grignard reagents, organozinc and organolithium reagents to carbonyl and usaturated
carbonyl compounds. Witting reaction. Mechanism of condensation reactions involving enolates-Aldol,
Knoevenagel, Claisen, Mannich, Benzoin, Perkin and Stobbe reactions. Hydrolysis of esters and amides,
ammonolysis of esters.

Elimination Reactions
The E2, E1 and E1 cB mechanisms and their spectrum. Orientation of the double bond. Reactitivty-effects of
substrate structures, attacking base, the leavign group and the medium. Mechanism and orientation in
pyrolytic elimination.

Unit-V
Pericyclic Reactions
Molecular orbital symmetry, Frontier orbitals of ethylene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3,5-hexatriene
and allyl system. Classification of periycyclic reactions. Woodward-Hoffmann correlatino diagrams. FMO
and PMO approach. Electrocyclic reactions-conrotatory and disrotatory motions, 4n 4n+2 and allyl
systems. Cycloadditions-antarafacial and suprafacial additions, 4n and 4n+2 systems, 2+2 addition of
ketenes, 1,3 dipolar cycloadditions and cheleotrpic reactions. Sigmatropic rearrangements-suprafacial and
antarafacial shifts of H, sigmatropic involving carbon moieties, 3,3- and 5,5 sigmatropic rearrangements.
Claise n, Cope and aza-Cope rearrangements. Fluxional tautomerism. Ene reaction.

Books Suggested
1. Advanced Organic Chemistry-Reactions, Mechanism and Structure, Jerry March, John Wiley.
2. Organic Chemistry, R.T. Morrison and R.N. Boyd, Prentice-Hall.
3. Modern Organic Reactions, H.O. House, Benjamin.
4. Principles of Organic Synthesis, R.O.C. Norman and J.M. Coxon, Blackie.
5. Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, S.M. Mukherji and S.P. Singh, Macmillan.
6. Pericyclic Reactions, S.M. Mukherji, Macmillan, India.
7. Stereochemisty of Organic Compounds, P.S. Kalsi, New Age International.
8. Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry, D.H. Williams, I. Fleming, Tata McGraw-Hill.
9. Organic Chemistry, P.Y. Bruice, Pearson Education Asia.

COURSE OUTCOMES
 The student will be able to know the different types of organic reactions.
 Students will also understand the stereochemical aspects of different classes of pericyclic
reactions.
 SEMESTER−II
Paper-VII
MCH-407: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY-II

COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Students will gain knowledge of chemical dynamics and non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
 Student will understand different aspects of the surface chemistry
 Student will develop skills to solve problems relating to molecular weights of
macromolecules.
 The students will understand advance knowledge of electrochemistry.

Unit-I
Chemical Dynamics
Methods of determining rate laws, collision theory of reaction rates, steric factor, activated complex theory,
Arrhenius equation and the activated complex theory; ionic reactions, kinetic salt effects, steady state
kinetics, kinetic and thermodynamic control of reactions, treatment of unimolecular reactions. Dyamic
chain (hydrogen-bromine reaction, pyrolysis of acetaldehyde, decomposition of ethane), photochemical
(hydrogenbromine and hydrogen-chlorine reactions) and homogenous catalysis, kinetics of enzyme
reactions, general features fo fast reactions, study of fast reactions by flow method, relaxation method, flash
photolysis ad the nuclear magnetic resonance method, dynamics of unimolecular reactiosn (Lindemann
Hinshelwood and Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel- Marcus (RRKM) theories for unimolecular reactions).

Unit-II
Surface Chemistry
Adsorption
Surface tension, capillary action, pressure difference across curved surface (Laplace equation), vapour
pressure of droplets (Kelvin equation), Gibbs adsorption isotherm, estimation of surface area (BET
equation), Surface films on liquids (Electro-kinetic phenomenon).
Micelles
Surface active agents, classification of surface active agents, micellization, hydrophobic interaction, critical
micellar concentration (CMC), factors affecting the CMC of surfactants, counter ion binding to micelles,
thermodynamics of micellization-phase separation and mass action models, solublization, micro emulsion,
reverse micelles.

Unit-III
Macromolecules
Polymer-definition, types of polymers, electrically conducting, fire resistant, liquid crystal polymers,
kinetics of polymerization, mechanism of polymerization. Molecular mass, number and mass average
molecular mass, molecular mass determination (Osmometry, viscometry, diffusion and light scattering
methods), sedimentation, chain configuration of macromolecules, calculation of average dimension of
various chain structures.
Emulsions
Theories of emulsification, coagulation, slow and rapid coagulation. Kenitics of coagulation. Von
Smoluchouski equation and its verification.

Unit-IV
Non Equilibrium Theromodynamics
Thermodynamic criteria for non-equilibrium states, entropy production and entropy flow,
entropy balance equations for different irreversible processes (e.g., heat flow, chemical reaction etc.)
transformations of the generalized fluxes and forces, non equilibrium stationary states, phenomenological
equations, microscopic reversibility and Onsager’s reciprocity relations, electrokinetic phenomena,
diffusion, electric conduction.
Unit-V
Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry of solutions. Debye-Huckel-Onsager treatment and its extension, ion solvent interactions.
Debye-Huckel-Jerum mode. Thermodynamics of electrified interface equations. Derivation of electro
capillarity, Lippmann equations (surface excess), methods of determination. Structure of electrified
interfaces. Overpotentials, exchange current density, derivation of Butler Volmer equation, Tafel plot.
Quantum aspects of charge transfer at electrodes-solution interfaces, quantization of charge transfer,
tunneling. Semiconductor interfaces-theory of double layer at semiconductor, electrolyte solution
interfaces, structure of double layer interfaces. Effect of light at semiconductor solution interface.
Polarography theory, Ilkovic equation; half wave potential and its significance.

Books Suggested
1. Physical Chemistry, P.W. Atkins, ELBS.
2. Introduction to Quantum Chemistry, A.K. Chandra, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
3. Quantum Chemistry, Ira N. Levine, Prentice Hall.
4. Coulson’s Valence, R.Mc Ween y, ELBS.
5. Chemical Kinetics. K.J. Laidler, McGraw-Hill.
6. Kineties and Mechanism of Chemical Transformation J.Rajaraman and J. Kuriacose, Mc Millan.
7. Micelles, Theoretical and Applied Aspects, V. MOraoi, Plenum.
8. Modern Electrochemistry Vol. 1 and Vol II J.O.M. Bockris and A.K.N. Reddy, Planum.
9. Introduction to Polymer Science, V.R. Gowarikar, N.V. Vishwanathan and J. Sridhar, Wiley Eastern.
10. Physical Chemistry, P.C. Rakshit.
11. Quantum Chemistry, Eyring and Kimball.

COURSE OUTCOMES
 Students will be able to explain the process taking place in any chemical reaction.
 The basics of non-equilibrium thermodynamics will also be understood.
 Students will be able to have understanding about surface chemistry and its applications.
 Students will be able to solve the problems related to molecular weights of
macromolecules.
 Students will understand the advance electrochemistry.
 SEMESTER −II
Paper-VIII
MCH-408: Spectroscopy and Diffraction Methods

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The objective of this course is to give basic principles and applications of modern
spectroscopic techniques (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Nuclear Quadrupole
Resonance Spectroscopy and Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy)and Diffraction Techniques
(X-ray Diffraction, Electron Diffraction and Neutron Diffraction).

Unit-I
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Nuclear spin, nuclear resonance, saturation, shielding of magnetic nuclei, chemical shift and its
measurements, factors, influencing chemical shift, deshielding, spin-spin interactions, factors influencing
coupling constant "j" Classification (AXB, AMX, ABC, A2B2 etc.). spin decoupling; basic ideas about
instrument, NMR studies of nuclei other than protin-13C, 19F and 31P. FT NMR, advantages of FT NMR.

Unit II
Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Spectroscopy
Quadrupole nuclei, quadrupole moments, electric field gradient, coupling constant, splitting, General
principles and Instrumentation, Applications.

Unit-III
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
Basic principles, zero field splitting and Kramer’s degeneracy, factors affecting the ’g’ value. Isotropic and
anisotropic hyperfine coupling constants, some representative examples of esr spectra of Cu2+ and V(O)2+
complexes, spin Hamiltonian, spin densities and Mc Connell relationship, measurement techniques,
applications.

Unit-IV
X-ray Diffraction
Bragg condition, Miller indices, Laue Method, Bragg method, Debye Scherrer method of X-ray structural
analysis of crystals, index reflections, identification of unit cells from systematic absences in diffraction
pattern, Structure of simple lattices and X-ray intensities, structure factor and its relation to intensity and
electron density, phase problem. Description of the procedure for an X-ray structure analysis, absolute
configuration of molecules.

Unit-V
Electron Diffraction
Scattering intensity vs. scattering angle, Wierl equation, measurement technique, elucidation of structure of
simple gas phase molecules. Low energy electron diffraction and structure of surfaces.
Neutron Diffraction
Scattering of neutrons by solids measurement techniques, Elucidation of structure of magnetically ordered
unit cells.

Books suggested
1. Modern Spectroscopy, J.M. Hollas, John Viley.
2. Applied Electron Spectroscopy for chemical analysis d. H. Windawi and F.L. Ho, Wiley Interscience.
3. NMR, NQR, EPr and Mossbauer Spectroscopy in Inorganic Chemistry, R.V. Parish, Ellis Harwood.
4. Nuclear Qudrupole Resonance Spectroscopy, T.P. Das and E.L. Hann, Academic Press, New York and London,
1958.
5. Physical Methods in Chemistry, R.S. Drago, Saunders College.
6. Chemical Applications of Group Theory, F.A. Cotton.
 7. Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy, G.M. Barrow, Mc Graw Hill.
8. Basic Principles of Spectroscopy, R. Chang, Mc Graw Hill.
9. Theory and Application of UV Spectroscopy, H.H. Jaffe and M. Orchin, IBHOxford.
10. Introduction to Photoelectron Spectroscopy, P.K. Ghosh, John Wiley.
11. Introduction to Magnetic Resonance. A Carrington and A.D. Maclachalan, harper & Row.

COURSE OUTCOMES
 The Knowledge of modern spectroscopy such as NMR, NQR and ESR, symmetry of structure
etc. and their applications is useful in understanding the different inorganic and organic
molecules.
 Student will able to solve the molecular structures using different diffraction techniques.
 SEMESTER −II
PRACTICAL
(Duration: 6 hrs in each branch)

Inorganic Chemistry

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The students will learn estimation of metal ions (gravimetrically and volumetrically) and
inorganic synthesis.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Separation and estimation of two metal ions

(a) Estimation of copper and nickel both by gravimetric method.
(b) Estimation of barium gravimetrically and copper volumetrically methods.
(c) Estimation of copper and zinc in a mixed solution of both by gravimetric methods.
(d) Estimationof nickel and zinc in a mixed solution of both by gravimetric methods.

2. Preparation and synthesis of metal complexes

(a) VO(acac)2
(b) Ni(acac)2
(c) K3[Fe(C2O4)3]
(d) Prussian Blue, Turnbull’s Blue.
(e) Co(NH3)6] [Co(NO2)6]
(f) Hg[Co(SCN)4]
(g) [Cu(NH3)4]SO4.H2O
(h) [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2
(i) Ni(dmg)2

3. Interpretation of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (epr) spectra of some paramagnetic complexes.

Books Suggested
1. Synthesis and Technique in Inorganic Chemistry: A Laboratory Manual, 3rd edition, G. S. Girolami, T. B.
Rauchfuss and R. J. Angelici, University Science Books, 1999.
2. Advanced Practical Chemistry, R. Mukhopadyay and P. Chatterjee, Books & Allied (P) Ltd., 2007.
3. Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 6th edition, J. Mendham, R. C. Denney, M. J. K. Thomas David and J. Barnes,
Prentice Hall, 2000.
4. Analytical Chemistry, S. M. Khopker, New Age International Ltd., Dew Delhi.

COURSE OUTCOMES
The students will be able to understand estimation of metal ions and synthesizing
inorganic complexes.
 Physical Chemistry
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To make the students expertise in electrochemistry and interpretation of thermodynamic, kinetic
and QSAR parameters.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Determination of composition of a mixture of weak and strong acids by conductor metric

titration of following acids:
(a) HCl and CH3COOH
(b) HNO3 and CH3COOH
(c) H2SO4 and CH3COOH

2. Determination of composition of a mixture of weak and strong acids by pH metric titration of

followings acids:
(a) HCl and CH3COOH
(b) HNO3 and CH3COOH
(c) H2SO4 and CH3COOH

3. Theoretical interpretation of Thermodynamic parameters, kinetic parameters and QSAR

parameters.

Books Suggested
1. Experimental Physical Chemistry, V. D. Athawale, New Age International, 2007.
2. Practical Physical Chemistry, B. Viswanathan and P.S. Raghavan, Viva Books Pvt. Ltd., 2005.
3. Experimental Physical Chemistry, R. C. Das and B. Behera, Tata McGraw Hill.
4. Practical Physical Chemistry, A. M. James and F. E. Prichard, Longman.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Students will be able to
 Determine the composition of mixtures of two acids using conductometric and pH-metric
methods.
 Difference thermodynamics, kinetic and QSAR parameters.
 Organic Chemistry
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To make the students conversant with
 Identification of hydroxyl groups in organic compounds.
 Estimation amines and phenols.
 Oil sample estimation.
 Determination of water quality parameters.
 Multistep synthesis.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Quantitative Analysis
Determination of the percentage or number of hydroxyl groups in an organic compound by
acetylation method. Estimation of amines/phenols using bromate bromide solution/or acetylation
method. Determination of iodine and Saponification values of an oil sample. Determination of DO,
COD and BOD of water sample.

2. Multistep preparation
(a) m-nitro aniline from nitrobenzene
(b) Hippuric acid from glycine
(c) Aspirin from salicylic acid
(d) p-bromo aniline from aniline
(e) phthalamide from phthlic acid

3. Interpretation of some IR and NMR spectra of some known compounds.

Books Suggested
1. Experiments and techniques in Organic Chemistry, D. Pasto, C. Johnson and M. Miller, Prentice Hall.
2. Organic Chemistry-Lab Manual, N. S. Gnanapragasam, G. Ramamurthy and S. Viswanathan Co. Pvt. Ltd., 1998.
3. Vogel’s Practical Organic Chemistry, A. I. Vogel, A. R. Tatchell, B. S. Furnis, A. J. Hannaford and P. W. G. Smith,
5th edition, Pearson education Ltd., 1996.
4. Handbook of Organic Analysis-Qualitative and Quantitative, H. Clarke and A. Arnold.

COURSE OUTCOMES
At the end of semester, the students will be able to
 Identify the hydroxyl groups in organic compounds.
 Estimate amines and phenols.
 Determine water quality parameters from water samples.
 SEMESTER –III
Paper-I
MCH-502: APPLICATION OF SPECTROSCOPY

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The paper of application of spectroscopy is introduced for the detailed studies of
fundamental concepts, tools and techniques used behind UV-visible, infra red, Raman, NMR,
Mössbauer and Mass Spectrometric methods for structural determination of molecules.

Unit-I
Ultraviolet and Visible spectroscopy
Various electronic transitions (185-800 nm) Beer-Lambert law, effect of solvent on electronic transitions,
ultraviolet bands for carbonyl compounds, unsaturated carbonyl compounds, dienes, conjugated polyenes,
Fieser Woodward rules for conjugated dienes and carbonyl compounds, ultraviolet spectra of aromatic
compounds. Steric effect in biphenyls. Electronic Spectral Studies for d1- d9 systems in octahedral,
tetrahedral and square planar complexes with some representative examples of electronic spectra with
some representative examples of electronic spectra.

Unit-II
Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy
Characteristic vibrational frequencies of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, ether’s,
phenols and amines. Detailed study of vibrational frequencies of carbonyl compounds (ketone’s,
aldehyde’s, esters, amides, acids, anhydride’s, lactones, lactams and conjugated carbonyl compounds).
Effect of hydrogen bonding and solvent effect on vibrational frequencies, overtones, combination bands
and fermi resonance. Infrared and Raman spectra of AB3, AB4, AB5 and AB6, mode of bonding of
ambidentate ligands, nitrosyl, ethylenediamine and diketonato complexes, application of resonance Raman
spectroscopy and its applications.

Unit-III
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – I
General introduction and definition, Chemical shift, spin – spin interaction, shielding and deshilding
mechanism, mechanism of measurement of chemical shift values and correlation for protons bonded to
carbon (aliphatic, olefinic, aldehydic and aromatic) and other nuclei (alcohols, phenols, enols, carboxylic
acids, and amides & mercapto).

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – II

Chemical exchange, effect of deuteration, Complex spin – spin interation between two, three, four and five
nuclei (I order spectra) Stereochemistry, hindered rotation, Karplus curve-variation of coupling constant
with disordered angle, NMR shift reagents, solvent effects, Nuclear overhauser effect (NOE).

Unit-IV
Mössbauer Spectroscopy
Basic principles, spectral parameters and spectrum display. Application of the technique to the studies of
(1) bonding and structures of Fe+2 and Fe+3 compounds including those of intermediate spin, (2) Sn+2 and
Sn+4 compounds nature of M-L bond, coordination number, structure and (3) detection of oxidation state
and in equivalent MB atoms.

Unit V
Mass Spectrometry
Introduction ion production E1, C1 FD, ESI and FAB, factors affecting fragmentation, ion analysis, ion
abundance Mass spectral fragmentation of organic compounds, common functional groups, molecular ion
peak, metastable peak. Me Lafferty rearrangement. Nitrogen rule. High resolution mass spectrometry.
Structure elucidation of simple molecules using UV – Visible, IR, NMR and mass spectral techniques.

Books Suggested
1. Physical Methods for Chemistry, R.S. Drago, Saunders Compnay.
2. Structural Methods in Inorganic Chemistry, E.A.V. Ebsworth, D.W.H. Rankin and S. Cradock, ELBS.
3. Infrared and Raman Spectral : Inorganic and Coordination Compounds K. Nakamoto, Wiley.
4. Progress in Inorganic Chemistry vol., 8, ed., F.A. Cotton, vol., 15 ed. S.J. Lippard, Wiley.
5. Transition Metal Chemistry ed. R.L. Carlin vol. 3 dekker.
6. Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy, A.P.B. Lever, Elsevier.
7. NMR, NQR, EPR and Mossbauer Spectroscopy in Inorganic Chemistry, .V. Parish, Ellis Haywood.
8. Practical NMR Spectroscopy, M.L. Martin. J.J. Deepish and G.J. Martin, Heyden.
9. Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, R.M. Silverstein, G.C. Bassler adn T.C. Morrill, John Wiley.
10. Introduction to NMR spectroscopy, R.J. Abraham, J. Fisher and P. Loftus, Wiley.
11. Application of Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, J.R. Dyer Prentice Hall.
12. Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry D.H. Williams, I. Fleming, Tata McGraw-Hill.

COURSE OUTCOMES
After studying this course the student will be able to
 Understand the basics of UV-visible, infra red, Raman, NMR, Mössbauer and Mass
Spectrometric techniques.
 Solve numerical and experimental graphs of all of the above techniques.
 Cover wide area of research in above spectroscopic methods.
 SEMESTER −III
Paper II
MCH-501: PHOTOCHEMISTRY
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To provide the students the basics of photochemistry and reaction mechanism.
 To impart the knowledge of photochemistry of carbonyl compounds and different type of
photochemical reactions.

Unit-I
Photochemical Reactions
Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter, types of excitations, fate of excitedmolecule, quantum
yield, transfer of excitation energy, actinometry.

Unit -II
Determination of Reaction Mechanism
Classification, rate constants and life times of reactive energy state determination of rate constants of
reactions, Effect of light intensity on the rate of photochemical reactions, Types of photochemical reactions-
photo dissociation, gas-phase photolysis.

Unit -III
Photochemistry of Alkene
Intramolecular reactions of the olefinic bond-geometrical isomerism, cyclisationreactions, rearrangement
of 1,4- and 1,5-dienes.
Photochemistry of Aromatic Compounds
Isomerisations, additions and substitutions.

Unit-IV
Photochemistry of Carbonyl Compounds
Intramolecular reactions of carbonyl compounds-saturated, cyclic and acyclic, α, β, γ unsaturated and α, β,
unsaturated compounds, cyclohexadienones, Intermolecularcyloaddition reactions-dimerisations and
oxetane formation.

Unit-V
Miscellaneous Photochemical Reactions.
Photo-Fries reactions of annelids, Photo-Fries rearrangement, Barton reaction, Singletmolecular oxygen
and its reactions, Photochemical formation of smog, Photodegration ofpolymers, Photochemistry of vision.

Books Suggested
1. Fundamentals of Photochemistry, K.K. Rothagi-Mukheriji, Wiley-Eastern.
2. Essentials of Molecular Photochemistry, A Gilbert and J. Baggott, BlackwellScientific Publication.
3. Molecular Photochemistry, N.J. Turro, W.A. Benjamin.
4. Introductory Photochemistry, A. Cox and t. Camp, McGraw Hill.
5. Photochemistry, R.P. Kundall and A. Gilbert. Thomson Nelson.
6. Organic Photochemistry, J. Coxon and B. Halton, Cambridge University Press.
7. Photochemistry and Pericyclic reactions, J. Singh and J. Singh, New Age International, New Delhi.
8. Modern Molecular Photochemistry, N.J. Turro, University Science Book, California.

COURSE OUTCOMES
The students able to
 Get the knowledge of photochemical reactions and mechanism of photochemical reactions.
 Gain the knowledge of photochemistry of alkenes, aromatic compounds and carbonyl
compounds along with miscellaneous photochemical reactions.
 SEMESTER −IV
DISCIPLINE ELECTIVE
Paper III
MCH-503: Organotransition Metal Chemistry

COURSE OBJECTIVES
Organotransition metal chemistry is the study of chemical compounds containing at least
one chemical bond between a carbon atom of an organic molecule and a transition metal. This
paper is introduced for the detailed studies of transition metal organometallic compounds,
organotransition metal catalysts and basic ideas of fluxional organometallic compounds.

Unit -I
Alkyls and Aryls of Transition Metals
Types, routes of synthesis, stability and decomposition pathways organocopper in organic synthesis.

Compounds of Transition Metal-Carbon Multiple Bonds

Alkylidenes, alkylidynes, low valent carbenes and carbynes-synthesis, nature of bond, structural
characteristics, nucleophilic and electrophilic reactions on the ligands, role in organic synthesis.

Unit -II
Transition Metal π-Complexes
Transition metal π-Complexes with unsaturated organic molecules, alkenes, alkynes, allyl, diene, dienyl,
arene and trienyl complexes, preparation, properties, nature of bonding and structural features. Important
reactions relating to nucleophilic and electrophilic attack on ligands and to organic synthesis.

Unit -III
Transition organometalic compounds
Transition metal compounds with bonds to hydrogen, boron, silicon

Unit -IV
Homogeneous Catalysis
Stoichiometric reactions for catalysis, homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation, Zeigler- Natta polymerization
of olefins, catalytic reactions involving carbon monoxide such as hydrocarbonylation of olefins
(oxoreaction), explanation reactions, activation of C-H bond.

Unit -V
Fluxional Organometallic Compounds
Flexionality and dynamic equilibrium in compounds such as η2 olefine, η3-allyl and dienyl complexes.

Books Suggested
1. Principles and Application of Organotransition Metal Chemistry, J.P. Collman, L.S. Hegsdus, J.R. Norton and
R.G. Finke, University Science Books.
2. The Organometallic Chemistry of the Transition Metals, R.H. Crabtree. John Wiley.
3. Metallo-organic Chemistry, A.J. Pearson, Wiley.
4. Organometallic Chemistry, R.C. Mehrotra and A. Singh New Age International.

COURSE OUTCOMES
On completion of the course students will be able to
 Acquire understanding of various classes of organotransition metal compounds- alkyl and
aryls of transition metals, transition metal complexes of carbenes and carbynes and
transition metal pi-complexes.
 Have understanding of catalysis reactions involving organotransition metal compounds
and basics of fluxional organometallic compounds.
 Develop ideas for further research in the field of organotransition metal chemistry.
 SEMESTER –III
DISCIPLINE ELECTIVE
Paper III
MCH-504: Heterocyclic Chemistry

COURSE OBJECTIVES
To provide knowledge on
 Heterocycles and non-aromatic heterocycles.
 Synthesis and characterization of various natural compounds of biological importance.
 heterocyclic compounds of biological and pharmaceutical importance.

Unit-I
Nomenclature of Heterocycles
Replacement and systematic nomenclature (HantzsMCH-Widman system) formonocyclic fused and bridged
heterocycles.
Aromatic Heterocycles
General chemical behaviour of aromatic heterocycles, classification (structural type),criteria of aromaticity
(bond lengths, ring current and chemical shifts in 1H NMRspectra.Empirical resonance energy,
delocalization energy and Dewar resonance energy,diamagnetic susceptibility exaltations). Heteroaromatic
reactivity and tautomerism inaromatic heterocycles.

Unit-II
Non-aromatic Heterocycles
Strain-bond angle and torsional strains and their consequences in small ring heterocycles.Conformatino of
six-membered heterocycles with reference to molecular geometry,barrier to ring inversion, pyramidal
inversino and 1,3-diaxial interaction. Stereo-electronic effects anomeric and related effects, Attractive
interactions-hydrogen bondingand intermolecular nucleophilic lectrophilic interactions. Heterocyclic
SynthesisPrincples of heterocyclic synthesis involing cyclization reactions and cycloadditionreactions.

Unit-III
Small Ring Heterocycles
Three-membered and four-membered heterocycles-synthesis and reactions of azirodines,oxiranes,
thiranes, azetidines, oxetanes and thietanes.

Benzo-Fused Five-Membered Heterocycles

Synthesis and reactions including medicinal applications of benzopyrroles, bezofuransand
benzothiophenes.

Unit-IV
Meso-ionic Heterocycles
General classification, chemistry of some important meso-ionic heterocycles of type-Aand B and their
applications.

Six-Membered Heterocycles with one Heteroatom

Synthesis and reactions of pyrylium salts and pyrones and their comparison withpyridinium &
thiopyrylium salts and phridones. Synthesis and reactions of quionliziniumand benzopyrylium salts,
coumarins and chromones.

Unit-V
Six Membered Heterocycles with Two or More Heteroatoms Synthesis and reactions ofdiazones, triazines,
tetrazines and thiazines. Seven-and Large-Membered HeterocyclesSynthesis and reactions of azepines,
oxepines, thiepines, diazepines thiazepines, azocines,diazocines, dioxocines and dithiocines.
Heterocyclic Systems Containing P, As, Sb and B
Heterocyclic rings containing phosphorus : Introduction, nomenclature, synthesis andcharacteristics of 5-
and 6-membered ring systemsphosphorinaes, phosphorines,phospholanes and phospholes. Heterocyclic
rings containing As and Sb: Introduction,synthesis and characteristics of 5- and 6-membered ring system.
Heterocyclic ringscontaining B : Introduction, synthesis reactivity and spectral characteristics of 3- 5-
and6- membered ring system.

Books Suggested
1. Heterocyclic Chemistry Vol. 1-3, R.R. Gupta, M. Kumar and V.Gupta, SpringerVerlag.
2. The Chemistry of Heterocycles, T. Eicher and S. Hauptmann, Thieme.
3. Heterocyclic chemistry J.A. Joule, K. Mills and g.F. Smith, Chapman and Hall.
4. Heterocyclic Chemistry, T.L. Gilchrist, Longman Scietific Techinal.
5. Contemporary Hetrocyclic Chemistry, G,.R. Newkome and W.W. Paudler,Wiley-Inter Science.
6. An Introductiion to the Heterocyclic Compounds, R.M. Acheson, Johnwiely.
7. Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry, A.R. Katrizky and C.W. Rees, eds.Pergamon Press.

COURSE OUTCOMES
 Students will achieve insight on isolation, characterization and synthesis of various natural
compounds of biological importance.
 Students will acquire knowledge on different heterocylic compounds.
 SEMESTER −III
DISCIPLINE ELECTIVE
Paper III
MCH-505: Electrochemistry

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The objective of this course is
 To introduce students to conversion and storage of electrochemical energy
 To introduce students to give the basic idea about corrosion and stability of the metals.
 To introduce students to how different kinetic parameters for quasi and irreversible or
evaluated etc.

Unit-I
Conversion and Storage of Electrochemical Energy Present status of energy Consumption
Pollution problem. History of fuel cells, Direct energy conversion by electrochemical means. Maximum
intrinsic efficiency of an electrochemical converter. Physical interpretation of the Carnot efficiency factor in
electrochemical energy converters. Power outputs. Electrochemical Generators (Fuel Cells): Hydrogen
oxygen cells, Hydrogen Air cell, Hydrocarbon air cell, Alkane fuel cell, Phosphoric and fuel cell, direct NaOH
fuel cells, applications of fuel cells.

Electrochemical Energy Storage

Properties of Electrochemical energy storage : Measure of battery performance, Charging and discharging
of a battery, Storage Density, Energy Density. Classical Batteries: (i) Lead Acid (ii)Nickel-Cadmium, (iii) Zinc
manganese dioxide. Modern Batteries: (i) Zinc-Air (ii) Nickel-Metal Hydride, (iii) Lithium Battery, Future
Electricity storers: Storage in (i) Hydrogen, (ii) Alkali Metals, (iii) Non aqueous solutions.

Unit-II
Corrosion and Stability of Metals
Civilization and Surface mechanism of the corrosion of the metals; Thermodynamics and the stability of
metals, Potential -pH (or Pourbaix) Diaphragmsl; uses and abuses, Corrosion current and corrosion
potential -Evans diagrams. Measurement of corrosion rate: (i) Weight Loss method, (ii) Electrochemical
Method.

Inhibiting Corrosion
Cathodic and Anodic Protection. (i) Inhibition by addition of substrates to the electrolyte environment, (ii)
by charging the corroding method from external source, anodic Protection, Organic inhibitors, The fuller
Story Green inhibitors.

Passivation
Structure of Passivation films, Mechanism of Passivation, Spontaneous Passivation Nature’s method for
stabilizing surfaces.

Unit-III
Bioelectrochemistry
bioelectrodics, Membrane Potentials, Simplistic theory, Modern theory, Electrical conductance in biological
organism: Electronic, Protonic electrochemical mechanism of nervous systems, enzymes as electrodes.

Kinetic of Electrode Process

Essentials of Electrode reaction. Current Density, Overpotential, Tafel Equation, Butler Volmer equation.
Standard rate constant (K) and Transfer coefficient (a), Exchange Current.

Irreversible Electrode processes

Criteria of irreversibility, informatino from irreversible wave.

Unit-IV
Methods of determining kinetic parameters for quasi-rversible and irreversible waves
Koutecky’s methods, Meits Israel Method, Gellings method.

Electrocatalysis
Chemical catalysts and Electrochemical catalysts with special reference to purostates, porphyrin oxides of
rare earths. Electrocatalysis in simple redox reactions, in reaction involving adsorbed species. Influence of
various parameters.

Unit-V
Potential Sweep Method
Linear sweep Voltammetry, Cyclic Voltammetry, theory and applications. Diagnostic criteria of cycli
voltammetry. Controlled current microelectrode techniques : comparison with controlled potentials
methods, chronopotentiometry, theory ad applications.

Bulk Electrolysis Methods

Controlled potential coulometry, Controlled Coulometry, Electroorganic synthesis and its important
applications. Stripping analysis : anodic and Cathodic modes, Pre electrolysis and Stripping steps,
applications of Stripping Analysis.

Books Suggested
1. Modern Electrochemistry Vol. I, IIa, Vol. IIB J’OM Bockris and A.K.N. Reddy, Plenum Publication, New York.
2. Polarographic Techniques by L. Meites, Interscience.
3. "Fuel Cells : Thjeir electrochemistry". McGraw Hill Book Company, New York.
4. Modern Polarographic Methods by A.M. Bond, Marcell Dekker.
5. Polarography and allied techniques by K. Zutshi, New age International publicatin. New Delhi.
6. "Electroaalytical Chemistry by Basil H. Vessor & Galen W. ; Wiley Interscience.
7. Electroanalytical Chemistry by Basil H. Vessor & alen w. ; Wiley Interscience.
8. Topics in pure and Applied Chemistry, Ed. S. K. Rangrajan, SAEST Publication, Karaikudi (India)

COURSE OUTCOMES
 Students to understand the concept of electrochemistry and it’s various theories.
 Students will be able to determine various parameters / properties using different techniques, the
knowledge of which helps them to use in different fields.



















 SEMESTER −III
GENERIC ELECTIVE
Paper IV
MCH-506: INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The course provides an introduction to
 Industrial Gases and Inorganic Chemicals.
 To impart basic knowledge of Petroleum Chemistry.
 To learn how to make Glasses, Ceramics and Cements.
 To learn the manufacturing of Sugar, Papers, Leathers and Fertilizers.

Unit I
Industrial Gases and Inorganic Chemicals
Industrial Gases
Large scale production, uses, storage and hazards in handling of the following gases: oxygen, nitrogen,
argon, neon, helium, hydrogen, acetylene, carbon monoxide, chlorine, fluorine, sulphur dioxide and
phosgene.

Inorganic Chemicals
Manufacture, application, analysis and hazards in handling the following chemicals: hydrochloric acid,
nitric acid, sulphuric acid, caustic soda, common salt, borax, bleaching powder, sodium thiosulphate,
hydrogen peroxide, potash alum, chrome alum, potassium dichromate and potassium permanganate.

Industrial Metallurgy
Preparation of metals (ferrous and nonferrous) and ultra pure metals for semiconductor technology.

Unit II
Fuel Chemistry
Review of energy sources (renewable and non-renewable). Classification of fuels and their calorific value.

Petroleum and Petrochemical Industry

Composition of crude petroleum, Refining and different types of petroleum products and their applications.
Fractional Distillation (Principle and process), Cracking (Thermal and catalytic cracking), Reforming
Petroleum and non-petroleum fuels (LPG, CNG, LNG, bio-gas, fuels derived from biomass), fuel from waste,
synthetic fuels (gaseous and liquids), clean fuels. Petrochemicals: Vinyl acetate, Propylene oxide, Isoprene,
Butadiene, Toluene and its derivatives Xylene.

Lubricants
Classification of lubricants, lubricating oils (conducting and non-conducting) Solid and semisolid lubricants,
synthetic lubricants. Properties of lubricants (viscosity index, cloud point, pore point) and their
determination.

Unit III
Silicate Industries
Glass
Glassy state and its properties, classification (silicate and non silicate glasses). Manufacture and processing
of glass. Composition and properties of the following types of glasses: Soda lime glass, lead glass, armoured
glass, safety glass, borosilicate glass, fluorosilicate, coloured glass, photosensitive glass.

Ceramics
Important clays and feldspar, ceramic, their types and manufacture. High technology ceramics and their
applications, super conducting and semi conducting oxides, fullerenes carbon nanotubes and carbon fiber.
Cements
Classification of cement, ingredients and their role, Manufacture of cement and the setting process, quick
setting cements.

Unit IV
Sugar
Intruduction , Raw materials, Manufacture of sugar from Cane sugar, Cane sugar refining, By-products from
sugar industries and their uses.

Pulp & paper

Various types of Pulps, Manufacture of pulps, Papers, Polymer modified papers, Board and structural
materials.

Unit V
Leather
Introduction, Animal skins, Manufacture of leather, Byproducts, Chemicals used in leather industries.

Fertilizers
Introduction, Classification, Manufacturing of; Urea, Ammonium nitrate, Normal super phosphate & Triple
super phosphate.

Books Suggested
1. E. Stocchi: Industrial Chemistry, Vol-I, Ellis Horwood Ltd. UK.
2. S. S. Dara: A Textbook of Engineering Chemistry, S. Chand & Company Ltd. New Delhi.
3. A. K. De, Environmental Chemistry: New Age International Pvt, Ltd, New Delhi.
4. O. P. Vermani, A. K. Narula: Industrial Chemistry, Galgotia Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
5. P. C. Jain, M. Jain: Engineering Chemistry, Dhanpat Rai & Sons, Delhi.
6. P. C. Jain, M. Jain: Engineering Chemistry, Dhanpat Rai & Sons, Delhi.
7. Plastic Additives Technology Hand Book: Himadri Panda, Engineers India Research Institute.
8. Chemical process principales: part 1 & II – O.A / Hougen, K.M Watson RA Ragatz (CBS).

COURSE OUTCOMES
At the completion of this course, students should be able to
 Understand the basic concepts of Industrial Gases and Fuel Chemistry.
 Understand the manufacturing of Glasses, Ceramics, Cements, Sugar, Papers, Leathers and
Fertilizers.
 SEMESTER −III
GENERIC ELECTIVE
Paper IV
MCH-507: Medicinal Chemistry

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The objective of this course is
 Topic of Medicinal Chemistry due to its wide applications in our daily life. Medicinal
Chemistry is an important discipline at the intersection of chemistry, especially synthetic
organic chemistry, and pharmacology and various other biological specialties, where they
are involved with design, chemical synthesis and development for market of
pharmaceutical medicines.

Unit-I
Structure and activity
Relationship between chemical structure and biological activity (SAR). Receptor Site Theory. Approaches
to drug design. Introduction to combinatorial synthesis in drug discovery. Factors affecting bioactivity.
QSAR-Free-Wilson analysis, Hansch analysis, relationship between Free-Wilson analysis and Hansch
analysis.

Unit-II
Pharmacodynamics
Introduction, elementary treatment of enzymes stimulation, enzyme inhibition, sulfonamides, membrane
active drugs, drug metabolism, xenobiotics, biotransformation, significance of drug metabolism in
medicinal chemistry.

Unit-III
Antibiotics and antibacterials
Introduction, Antibiotic β-Lactam type - Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Antitubercular. Streptomycin, Broad
spectrum antibiotics . Tetracyclines, Anticancer – Dactinomycin (Actinomycin D)

Unit-IV
Antifungal
Polyenes, Antibacterial - Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Antiviral . Acyclovir .

Antimalarials: Chemotherapy of malaria. SAR. Chloroquine, Chloroguanide and Mefloquine

Unit-V
Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Diclofenac Sodium, Ibuprofen and Netopam.

Antihistaminic and antiasthmatic agents

Terfenadine, Cinnarizine, Salbutamol and Beclomethasone dipropionate.

Books Suggested
1. Introduction to medicinal chemistry, A. Gringuage, Wiley-VCH.
2. Wilson and Gisvold’s Text Book of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutial Chemistry, Ed. Robert F. Dorge.
3. An Introduction to Drug Design, S.S. Pandeya and J. R. Dimmock, New Age International.
4. Burger’s Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Vol-I (Chapter 9 and Chapter 14), Ed. M.E. Wolff, John Wiley.
5. Goodman and Gilman’s Pharmacoloical Basis of Therapeutics, Mc-GRaw- Hill.
6. The organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Action, R.B. Silverman, Academic Press.
7. Strategies for Organic Drug Synthesis and Design, D.Ledinicer, John Wiley.
8. Principals of Medicinal Chemistry W.O. Foye.
9. Medicinal Chemistry; The role of organic chemist in Drug Research, S.M. Roberts and B. J. Pricer.

COURSE OUTCOMES
 Understand Drug metabolism and mechanism pathway.
 Recognize and comment on different synthetic strategies and methods for stereocontrol when
faced with synthetic drugs.
 Understood different system of human body. Application of drug molecules.
 To learn theories and principle related to medicinal chemistry.

 SEMESTER −III
PRACTICAL
(Duration: 6-8 hrs in each branch)

Inorganic Chemistry

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The students will learn
 Separation of metals using chromatographic techniques.
 Complexometric titration.
 Estimation of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Zn2+ using flame photometers.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Chromatographic seperations and estimation

(a) Paper chromatography-separation of nickel, manganese, cobalt and zinc. Determination of
Rf values.
(b) Separation and estimation of permagnate and dichromate ions by absorption
chromatography.
2. Quantitative analysis
Estimation of metal complexes by different techniques
a. Cu-EDTA (Volumetrically)
b. Cu-NH4CNS (Gravimetrically)
c. Ni-DMG (Gravimetrically)
d. Oxalate-KMnO4 (Volumetrically)

3. Paper chromatography
Separation of cations by Paper Chromatography of following cations
(a) Ag(I), Pb(II) and Hg2(II)
(b) Hg(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II)
(c) Ni(II), Co(II) and Zn(II)
(d) Ni(II), Co(II) and Cu(II)

Books Suggested
1. A handbook of Analytical Inorganic Chemistry, International Scientific Publishing Academy, India, 2005.
2. Synthesis and Characterization of Inorganic Compounds, W. L. Jolly, Prentice Hall.
3. Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Analysis, revised, J. Bassett, R. C. Denney, G. H. Jeffery and J. Mendham, ELBS.
4. A collection of Inorganic General Chemistry Experiments, A. J. Elias, Universities Press, Sangam Books Ltd.,
2002.

COURSE OUTCOMES
The students will be able to
 Separate metals using chromatographic techniques.
 Estimate metal ions complexometrically.
 Estimate metals using flame photometric.
 Physical Chemistry
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To introduce experiments in chemical kinetics and equivalent conductivity.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Chemical Kinetics (determination of strength of two acids)

(a) Determination of relative strengths of HCl and H2SO4 (k1 / k2) for the hydrolysis of
methyl acetate.
(b) Determination of relative strengths of HNO3 and H2SO4 (k1 / k2) for the hydrolysis of
methyl acetate.

2. Determination of Equivalence conductance of following strong electrolyte

(a) KCl
(b) NaCl
(c) AgNO3
(d) HCl
(e) KNO3

Books Suggested
1. Experimental Physical Chemistry: A. M. Halpern, G. C. McBane and W. H. Freeman, A Laboratory Prescribed
Book, 3rd ed., 2006.
2. Senior Practical Physical Chemistry, B. D. Khosla, R. Chand and Co., New Delhi, 2007.
3. Practical Physical Chemistry, A. M. James and F. E. Prichard, Longman.
4. Findley’s Practical Physical Chemistry, B. P. Levitt, Longman.

COURSE OUTCOMES
The students will be able to
 Determine the strength of two acids.
 Determine equivalence conductance of electrolytes.
 Calculate different electrochemical parameters.
 Organic Chemistry
COURSE OBJECTIVES

The students will learn

 To determine vitamin C in drugs and in fruits.
 To separate and identify the sugars from given mixtures of glucose, fructose and sucrose.
 To interpretate 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy of known samples.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Quantitative analysis
Determination of vitamin C in drug formulations and in fruits.

2. Paper Chromatography
Separation and identification of the sugars present in the given mixture of glucose, fructose and
sucrose by paper chromatography and determination of RF values.

3. Interpretation of ions of 1H and 13C NMR spectra of known organic compounds.

Books Suggested
1. The Systematic Identification of Organic Compounds, R.L. Shriner and D.Y. curlin.
2. A Practical text book by Singh and Yadav, Pragati Prakashan.
3. Practical Organic Chemistry, F. G. Mann and B. C. Saunders, Orient Longman.
4. Experiments and techniques in Organic Chemistry, D. Pasto, C. Johnson and M. Miller, Prentice Hall.

COURSE OUTCOMES
 Students will be able
 To identify vitamin C.
 To separate and identify the sugars.
 To interpretate the NMR spectra.
















 SEMESTER −IV
Paper-V
MCH-508: NATURAL PRODUCT
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To provide knowledge on various natural products of biological importance.

Unit-I
Terpenoids and Carotenoids
Calcifications, nomenclature, occurrence, isolation, general methods of structure determination, isoprene
rule. Structure determination, stereochemistry, biosynthesis and synthesis of the following representative
molecules: Citral, Geraniol α-Terpeneol, Menthol, Farnesol, Zingiberence, Santonin, Phytol, Abietic acid and
β-Carotene.

Unit-II
Alkaloids
Definition, nomenclature and physiological action, occurrence, isolation, general methods of structure
elucidation, degradation, classification based on nitrogen heterocyclic ring, role of alkaloids in plants.
Structure, stereochemistry, synthesis and biosynthesis of the following: Ephedrine, (+)- Coniine, Nicotine,
Atropine, Quinine and Morphine.

Unit-III
Steroids
Occurrence, nomenclature, basic skeleton, Diel’s hydrocarbon and stereochemistry, Isolation, Structure
determination and synthesis of Cholesterol, Bile acids, Androsterone, Testosterone, Estrone, Progesterone,
Aldosterone, Biosynthesis of Steroids.

Unit-IV
Plant Pigments
Occurrence, nomenclature and general methods of structure determination. Isolation and synthesis of
Apigenin, Luteolin Quercetin, Myrcetin, Quercetin 3-glucoside, Vitexin, Diadzein, Aureusin, Cyanidin-
7arabinoside, Cyanidin, Hirsutidin, Biosynthesis of flavonoids: Acetate pathway and Shikimic acid pathway.

Prophyrins
Structure and synthesis of Haemoglobin and Chlorophyll.

Unit V
Prostaglandis
Occurrence, nomenclature, classification, biogenesis and physiological effects. Synthesis of PGE2 and
PGF2a.

Pyrethroids and Rotenones

Synthesis and reactions of Pyrethroids and Rotenones. (For structure elucidation, emphasis is to be placed
on the use of spectral parameters wherever possible).

Books Suggested
1. Natural Products : Chemistry and Biological Significance, J. Mann, R.S. Davidson, J.B. Hobbs, D.V. Banthrope
adn J.B. Harbome, Longman, Esses.
2. Organic Chemistry : Vol. 2 1L. Finar, ELBS
3. Stereoselective Synthesis : A Practical Approach, M. Norgradi, VCH.
4. Rodd’s Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, Ed. S. Coffey, Elsevier.
5. Chemistry, Biological and Pharmacological Properties of Medicinal Plants from the Americas, Ed. Kurt
Hostettmann, M.P. Gupta and A. Marston. Harwood Academic Publishers.
6. Introduction to Flavonoids, B.A. Bohm. Harwood Academic Publishers.
 7. New Trends in Natural Product chemistry, Ataaur Rahman and M.L. Choudhary, Harwood Academic
Publishers.
8. Insecticides of Natural Origin, Sukh Dev, Harwood Academic Publishers.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Students will achieve insight on various natural products of biological importance.
 SEMESTER −IV
Paper-VI
MCH-509: SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY

COURSE OBJECTIVES
 The students will obtain required knowledge for understanding material science problems.
Initially, they will study the structure of solids and get introduced with the importance of
chemical and physical bonds, crystal (dis)order and defects for materials properties.
 They will get insight into electronic structure of crystals and compare it with the electronic
structure of nanomaterials – to understand the ‘nano’ prefix.
 The students will understand high temperature phase equilibria and learn thermodynamic
and kinetic treatments of phase transitions.

Unit-I
Solid State Reactions
General principles, experimental procedure, co-precipitation as a precursor to solid state reactions, kinetics
of solid state reactions.

Unit-II
Crystal Defects and Non-Stoichiometry
Perfect and imperfect crystals, intrinsic and extrinsic defects-point defects, line and plane defects,
vacancies-Schottky detects and Frenkel defects. Thermodynamics of Schottky and Frenkel defect
formation, colour centres, non-stoichiometry defects.

Unit-III
Electronic Properties and Band Theory
Metals insulators and semiconductors, electronic structure of solid band theory band structure of metals,
insulators and semiconductors, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, doping semiconductors, p-n
junctions, super conductors. Optical properties-Application of optical and electron microscopy. Magnetic
Properties-Classification of materials : Effect of temperature calculation of magnetic moment, mechanism
of ferro and anti ferromagnetic ordering super exchange.

Unit-IV
Organic Solids
Electrically conducting solids. organic charge transfer complex, organic metals, new superconductors.

Unit-V
Liquid Crystals:
Types of liquid crystals: Nematic, Smectic, Ferroelectric, Antiferroelectric, Various theories of LC, Liquid
crystal display, New materials.

Books Suggested.
1. Solid state chemistry and its applications, A.R. West, Student Edition Wiley.
2. Principles of the Solid State, H.V. Keer, Wiley Eastern.
3. Solid State Chemistry, N.B. Hannay.
4. Solid State Chemistry, D.K. Chakrabarty, New Wiley Eastern.
5. Solid State Chemistry, S.K. Joshi and R.A. Mashelker, World Scientific, Singapore.

COURSE OUTCOMES
To obtain the knowledge on design and development of materials with pre-required
properties based on understanding the structure of solids in its influence on physico-chemical
properties, understanding of phase relations, chemical synthesis, reaction kinetics as well as
characterization methods.
 SEMESTER −IV
DISCIPLINE ELECTIVE
Paper VII
MCH-510: Analytical Chemistry

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The objective of this course is
 To study concepts and theories behind basic methods and techniques used in analytical
chemistry. This theory can be used to solve many rigorous problems of universe.
 To prepare the students for further research in analytical methods of chemistry.

Unit-I
Introduction
Role of analytical chemistry Classification of analytical methods classical and instrumental. Types of
instrumental analysis. Selecting an analytical method. Neatness and cleanliness. laboratory operations and
practices. Analytical balance. Techniques of weighing, errors. Volumetric glassware cleaning and
calibration of glassware. Sample Volumetric glassware cleaning and Calibration of glassware. Sample
preparationdissolution and decompositions. Gravimetric techniques. Selecting and handling or reagents.
Laboratory notebooks. Safety in the analytical laboratory.

Errors and Evaluation

Definition of terms in mean and median. Precision-standard deviation, relative standard deviation.
Accuracy-absolute error, relative error. Types of error in experimental data determinate (systematic),
indeterminate (or random) and gross. Sources of error and the effects upon the analytical results. Methods
for reporting analytical data. Statistical evaluation of data-indeterminate errors. The uses of statistics.

Unit-II
Food analysis
Moisture, ash, crude protein, fat crude fiber, carbohydrates, calcium, potassium, sodium and phosphate.
Food adulteration-common adulterants in food, contamination of foods stuffs. Microscopic examination of
foods for adulterants. Pesticide analysis in food prodcuts. Extraction and purification of sample. HPLC. Gas
chromatography for organophosphates. Thin-layer chromatography for identification of chlorinated
pesticides in food products.

Unit-III
Analysis of Water Pollution
Origin of Waste water, types, water pollutants and their effects. Sources of water pollution-domestic,
industrial, agricultural soil and radioactive wastes as sources of pollution. Objectives of analysis-parameter
for analysis-colour, turbidity, total solids, conductivity, acidity, alakalinity, hardness, chloride, sulphate,
fluoride, silica, phosphates and different forms of nitrogen, Heavy metal pollution-public health significance
of cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, zinc, managanese, mercurry and arsenic. General survey of
instrumental technique for the analysis of heavy metals in aqueous systems. Measurements of DO, BOD,
and COD. Pesticides as water pollutants and analysis. Water pollution laws and standards.

Unit-IV
Analysis of soil, Fuel, Body Fluids and Drugs
Analysis of Soil, moisture pH total nitrogen, phosphorus, silica, lime, magnesia, manganese, sulphur and
alkali salts.
Fuel analysis : liquid and gas. Ultimate and proximate analysis-heating valuesgrading of coal. Liquid fuels-
flash point, aniline point, octane number and carbon residue. Gaseous fuels-produced gas and water gas-
calorific value.
Unit-V
Clinical Chemistry and Drug analysis
Composition of blood-collection and preservation of samples. Clinical analysis. Serum electrolytes, blood
glucose, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, albumin, globulins, barbiturates, acid and alkaline phosphates.
Immunoassay: principles of radio immunoassay (RIA) and applications. The blood gas analysis trace
elements n the body. Narcotics and dangerous drug. Classification of drugs. Screening by gas and thin-layer
chromatography and spectrophotometeric measurements.

Books Suggested
1. Analytical Chemistry, G.D. Christian, J.Wicy.
2. Fundamentals o analytical Chemistry. D.A. Skoog. D.M. West and F.J. Hooler, W.B. Saunders.
3. Analytical Chemistry-Principles. J.H. Kennedy. W.B. Saunders.
4. Analytical Chemistry-Principles and Techniques. LG. Hargis. Prentice Hall.
5. Principles of Instrumental analysis D.A. Skoog and J.L. Loary, W.B. Saunders.
6. Principles of Instrumental Analysis D.A. Skoog W.B. Saunders.
7. Quantitative Analysis, R.A. Day, Jr. and A.L. Underwood, Prentice Hall.
8. Environmental Solution, S.M. Khopkar, Wiley Eastern.
9. Basic Concepts of Analysis Chemistry, S.M. Khopkar, Wiley Eastern.
10. Handbook of Instrumental Techniques for Analytical Chemistry, F. Settle, Prentice Hall.

COURSE OUTCOMES
After studying this course the student will be able to
 Understand the basic of this course and think & develop new ideas and concepts in
analytical chemistry.
 Know about electroanayltical, thermoanalytical, radiochemical, chromatographic and
spectral techniques.
 SEMESTER −IV
DISCIPLINE ELECTIVE
Paper VII
MCH-511: Organic Synthesis
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To provide the knowledge on
 Advances in organic synthesis- applications of selective name reactions and catalysts used
in synthetic organic laboratories.
 Cover wide area of research in organic chemistry.

Unit-I
Disconnection Approach
An introduction to synthons and synthetic equivalents. Disconnection approach, functional group inter-
conversions, the importance of the order of events in organic synthesis, one group C-X and two group C-X
disconnections, chemoselectivity, reversal of polarity, cyclisation reaction, amine synthesis, Protection of
groups, chemo region and stereo selectivity.

Unit-II
One Group C-C Disconnections
Alcohols and carbonyl compounds, regioselectivity, alkene synthesis, use of acetylenes and aliphatic Nitro
compounds in organic synthesis.
Two Group C-C Disconnections
Diels-Alder Reaction, 1,3-difunctionalised compounds, a-b- unsaturated carbonyl compounds, control in
carbonyl condensations, 1,5-difunctionalised compounds. Micheal addition and Robinson annelation.

Unit-III
Oxidation
Introduction, Different oxidative processes. Hydrocarbons-alkenes, aromatic rings, saturated C-H groups
(activated and unactivated) Alcohols, diols, aldehyde’s, ketones, ketals and carboxylic acids, amines,
hydrazines, and sulphides. Oxidations with ruthenium tetraoxide, iodobenzene diacetate and thallium. (III)
Nitrate.

Reduction
Introduction, Different reductive processes. Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic rings. Carbonyl
compounds-aldehydes, ketones, acids and their derivatives. Epoxides. Nitro, nitroso, azo and oxime groups.
Expoxide, Nitro, Nitroso, azo and oxime groups. Hydrogenolysis.

Unit IV
Organometallic Reagents
Principle, preparations, properties and applications of the following in organic synthesis with mechanistic
details. Group I and II metal organic compounds Li, Mg, Hg, Cd, Zn and Ce Compounds.

Unit V
Synthesis of some complex molecules
Application of the above in the synthesis of following compounds: Canphor, longifoline, cartisone,
reserpine, vitamin D, juvabion, aphidicolin and fredericamycin. A

Books Suggested
1. Designing Organic Synthesis, S. Warren. Wiley.
2. Organic Synthesis-Concept, Methods and Starting Materials, J. Fuhrhop.
 3. Some Modern Methods of Organic Synthesis. W. carruthers, Cambridge Univ. Press.
4. Modern Synthetic Reactions H.O. House, W.A Benjamin.
5. Advanced Organic Chemistry : Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure, J. March. Wiley.
6. Principles, of Organic Chemistry Part B. F.a. Carey and R.J. Sundberg, Plenum Press.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Organic synthesis– reactions and catalysts is the backbone of organic chemistry and will
train students to develop ideas for further research in the field of synthetic organic chemistry.
 SEMESTER –IV
DISCIPLINE ELECTIVE
Paper VII
MCH-512: Polymers

COURSE OBJECTIVES
To make the student conversant with the
 Basic concepts of polymers, molecular weight and its distribution.
 Kinetics and mechanism of Addition, Coordination and Condensation polymerization.
 Various polymerization techniques.
 Various mechanical and electrical testing methods.
 Effect of polymer structure on mechanical, electrical and optical properties.

Unit-I
Basics
Importance of polymers. Basic concepts : Monomers, repeat units, degree of polymerization Linear,
branched and network polymers. Classification of polymers. Polymerization: condensation,
addition/radical chain-ionic and co-ordination and copolymerization. Polymerization conditions and
polymer reactions. Polymerization in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems.

Unit-II
Polymer Characterization
Polydispersion-average molecular weight concept. Number, weight and viscosity average molecular
weights. Polydispersity and molecular weight distribution. The practical significance of molecular weight.
Measurement of molecular-weights. End-group, viscosity, light scattering, osmotic and ultracentrifugation
methods.

Unit-III
Analysis and testing of polymers
Chemical analysis of polymers, spectroscopic methods, X-ray diffraction study. Microscopy. Thermal
analysis and physical testing-tensile strength. Fatigue, impact. Tear resistance, Hardness and abrasion
resistance.

Unit-IV
Inorganic Polymers
A general survey and scope of Inorganic Polymers special characteristics, classification, homo and hetero
atomic polymers. Structure, Properties and Applications of
a. Polymers based on boron-borazines, boranes and carboranes.
b. Polymers based on Silicon, silicone’s polymetalloxanes and polymetallosiloxanes, silazanes.

Unit V
Structure, Properties and Application of
a. Polymers based on Phosphorous-Phosphazenes, Polyphosphates
b. Polymers based on Sulphure-Tetrasulphur tetranitride and related compounds.
c. Co-ordination and metal chelate polymers.

Books Suggested
1. Inorganic Chemistry, J.E. Huheey, Harper Row.
2. Developments in Inorganic polymer Chemistry, M.F. Lappert and G.J. Leigh.
3. Inorganic polymers- N.H. Ray.
4. Inorganic polymers, Graham and Stone.
5. Inorganic Rings and Cages : D.A. Armitage.
6. Textbook of Polymers Science, F.W. Billmeyer Jr. Wiley.
7. Contemporary Polymer Chemistry, H.R. Al cock and F.W. Lambe, Prentice Hall.

COURSE OUTCOMES

 The students will become familiar with the basic concepts of polymers, mechanism and
kinetics of polymerization, polymerization techniques and molecular weight
determination.
 This knowledge would help the students to synthesize polymers and mechanism involved
in it.
 It will enable the students to interpret their experimental data using the characterization
techniques and structure-property relationship for their final semester research project.
 SEMESTER −IV
GENERIC ELECTIVE
Paper VIII
MCH-513: ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY

COURSE OBJECTIVES
Objective f this course is
 To provide the systematic study of Atmospheric and Tropospheric Photochemistry.
 To help in understanding the causes of environmental pollution and can open up new
methods for environmental pollution control.
 To make the students to learn about the environmental ecosystem, waste water handling
and analysis.

Unit-I
Atmospheric Chemistry
Atmospheric layers, Vertical temperature profile, heat/radiation budget of the earth atmosphere systems.
Properties of troposphere, thermodynamic derivation of lapse rate. Temperature inversion. Calculation of
Global mean temperature of the atmosphere. Pressure variation in atmosphere and scale height.
Biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen, sulphure, phosphorus oxygen. Residence times.Sources of trace
atmospheric constituents: nitrogen oxides, sulphuredioxide and other sulphure compounds,
carbondioxides, chlorofluorocarbons and other halogen compounds, methane and other hydrocarbons.

Tropospheric Photochemistry
Mechanism of Photochemical decomposition of NO2 and formation of ozone. Formation of oxygen atoms,
hydroxyl, hydroperoxy and organic radicals and hydrogen peroxide. Reactions of hydroxyl radicals with
methane and other organic compounds. Reaction of OH radicals with SO2 and NO2. Formation of Nitrate
radical and its reactions. Photochemical smog meteorological conditions and chemistry of its formation.

Unit-II
Air Pollution
Air pollutants and their classifications. Aerosols-sources, size distribution and effect on visibility, climate
and health.

Acid Rain
Definition, Acid rain precursors and their aqueous and gas phase atmospheric Oxidation reactions.
Damaging effects on aquatic life, plants, buildings and health. Monitoring of SO2 and NO2. Acid rain control
strategies.

Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

Mechanism of Ozone formation, Mechanism of catalytic ozone depletion, Discovery of Antarctic Ozone hole
and Role of chemistry and meteorology. Control Strategies.

Green House Effect

Terrestrial and solar radiation Spectra, Major green house gases and their sources and Global warming
potentials. Climate change and consequences.

Urban Air Pollution

Exhaust emissions, damaging effects of carbon monoxide. Monitoring of CO. Control strategies.

Unit-III
Aquatic Chemistry and Water Pollution
Redox chemistry in natural waters. Dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand,
determination of DO, BOD and COD. Aerobic and anaerobic reactions of organic sulphure and nitrogen
compounds in water acid-base chemistry of fresh water and sea water. Aluminum, nitrate and fluoride in
water. Petrification. Sources of water pollution. Treatment of waste and sewage. Purification of drinking
water, techniques of purification and disinfection.

Unit IVEnvironmental Toxicology

Toxic heavy metals
Mercury, lead, arsenic and cadmium. Causes of toxicity. Bioaccumulation, sources of heavy metals. Chemical
speciation of Hg, Pb, As, and Cd. Biochemical and damaging effects.

Toxic Organic Compound

Pesticides, classification, properties and uses of organochlorine and ionospheres pesticides detection and
damaging effects.

Polychlorinated biphenyls
Properties, use and environmental continuation and effects.

Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Source, structures and as pollutants.

Unit-V
Soil and Environmental Disasters
Soil composition, micro and macronutrients, soil pollution by fertilizers, plastic an metals. Methods of re-
mediation of soil. Bhopal gas tragedy, Chernobyl, three mile island, Minimtata Disease, Sevoso (Italy),
London smog.

Books Suggested
1. Environmental Chemistry, Colin Baird, W.H. Freeman Co. New York, 1998.
2. Chemistry of Atmospheres, R.P. Wayne, Oxford.
3. Environment Chemistry, A.K. De, Wiley Eastern, 2004.
4. Environmental Chemistry, S.E. Manahan, Lewis Publishers.
5. Introduction to atmospheric Chemistry, P.V. Hobbs, Cambridge.

COURSE OUTCOMES
 Students will be able to have applied understanding of Atmospheric and Tropospheric
Photochemistry.
 Students understanding the principles of water and air analysis.
 The course is also useful in understanding various aspects of Environmental Toxicology and
Environmental Disasters.
 SEMESTER −IV
GENERIC ELECTIVE
Paper VIII
MCH-514: COMPOTER-AIDED DRUG DISCOVRY

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The objective of this course is
 To provide theoretical knowledge about the use of computer in drug discovery.
 To understand the correlation of drug activity with structure of molecules.
 To understand the statistical tools applicable in Hansch analysis and regression analysis.
 Theoretically understanding the drug interaction with receptor.

Unit I
General information about drugs
Measuring drug activity, drug absorption, lipophilicity, pharmacokinetics factors, distribution of
drugs,protein binding of drugs.Rational approaches to lead Discovery based on traditional medicine
random screening non random screening lead Discovery based on drug metabolism and clinical
observation.

Unit II
SAR vs Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
History and development of USA yaar types of physical chemical parameters experimental and theoretical
approaches for the determination of physical chemical parameters such as partition Coefficient and its
substitution constant and taps study constant hansch analysis free Wilson analysis 3D, QSAR approaches
like COMFA and COMSIA.

Unit III
Topological modeling
Molecular graphs, atom connectivity, different types of matrices: distance matrix, adjacency matrix,
Deutore matrix, Randic Connectivity indices, Kier and Hall valence connectivity indices Wiener index, Path
Numbers, Sz index, Sadhana index, PI index , Balaban index for simple molecules : Derivatives of Benzene,
Biphenyl, Quinolines, Acridines etc.

Unit IV
Regression analysis
Statistical parameters: R, F, SE, Pogliani quality factor, testing of models, Cross validation
parameters, univariate and multivariate modelling. Computer softwares for modeling, Degree of freedom,
de novo constants.Outliers.
Virtual screening techniques drug like Ne screaming concept of pharmacophore mapping and
pharmacophore based screening molecular Docking

Unit V
Molecular Modeling
Introduction to molecular mechanics energy minimization methods and conformational analysis Global
conformational minima determination introduction to bioinformatics kemo Informatics. Introduction to
bioinformatics chemoinformatics.

Books Suggested
1. Medicinal chemistry: ASHUTOSH KAR, New Age International Publishers New Age International Publishers.
2. Medicinal chemistry and drug discovery, M.E. Wolf, John Wiley and Sons, NY.
3. Burgers Med. chemistry and drug discovery 6th Edition, John Wiley, New York.
4. Qualitative Structure Activity Relationship in Drug Design Vol I,C. Hanch, Academic Press,
 5. Molecular Connectivity in Chemistry and Drug Research, L.B. Kier, L.H. Hall, Academic Press.London.
6. Quantitative Aspects of Chemical Pharmacology, R.B. Barlow, Vroom Helm, London.
7. Principles of Organic Medicinal Chemistry , Ramarao,Bande ndls, New Age International P Ltd,
8. Graph Theory and Topology in Chemistry, Ed. R. B. King and D.H. Roury, Elsevier Sc. Publishers. AMSTERDAM.
9. Topological indices and Related Descriptors in QSAR and QSPR, James Defilers, CTC Press, 2000.
10. Sadhana Index in Nanotechnology, Khadi kar, Agrawal, Aziz, Lambert, Amazon.

COURSE OUTCOMES
After studying the course, the students will be able to
 Calculate various indices (Physicochemical Topological) for obtaining models for
predicting the biological activities of new molecules.
 Learn the statistical methods and tools.
 Perform 3Q QSAR and docking which will help in selecting new functional groups for belle
activity.
 Work in pharmacy industries for developing new drugs by way of QSAR.
 SEMESTER −IV
PRACTICAL
(Duration: 6 hrs in each branch)

Inorganic Chemistry

COURSE OBJECTIVES
The students will learn
 Quantitative determination of different metal ions.
 Synthesis and characterization of metal complexes.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Quantitative determinations of metal ions from three component mixture

One volumetrically and two gravimetrically
(a) Cu+2, Ni+2, Zn+2
(b) Cu+2, Ni+2, Ag+2
(c) Cu+2, Ni+2, Ba+2

2. Synthesis and characterization of following metal complexes

(a) Sodium tetrathionate Na2S4O6
(b) Metal complex of dimethyl sulfoxide: CuCl2.2DMSO
(c) Synthesis of metal acetylacetonate
(d) Synthesis of copper and nickel Schiff base complexes
(e) Synthesis of copper and nickel dithiocarbamates

Books Suggested
1. Synthesis and characterization of Inorganic Compounds, W. L. Jolly, Prentice Hall.
2. A Handbook of Analytical Inorganic Chemistry, D. Sharma, International Scientific Publishing Academy, India,
2005.
3. A collection of Interesting General Chemistry Experiments, A. J. Elias, Universities Press, Sangam Books Ltd.,
2002.
4. Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Analysis, revised, J. Bassett, R. C. Denney, G. H. Jeffery and J. Mendham, ELBS.

COURSE OUTCOMES
The students will be able to
 Determine the metal ions from a three component mixture.
 Synthesis and characterize the metal complexes.
 Physical Chemistry
COURSE OBJECTIVES
The students will learn
 Identification and determination of E1/2 of compounds.
 Determination of pK value of indicators and stability of Iron complex.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Electrochemistry
(a) Identification and estimation of metal ions such as Cd2+, Pb2+, Zn2+ and I2+ etc. polarographically.
(b) Study of a metal ligand complex polarographically (using Lingane’s method).

2. Spectroscopy
(a) Determination of pKa of an indicator (e.g. methyl red) in (a) aqueousand (b) micellarMedia.
(b) Determination of stoichiometry and stability constant of Ferricisothiocyanate ion complex in
solution.

Books Suggested
1. Experimental Physical Chemistry, R. C. Das and B. Behera, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Practical Physical Chemistry, A. M. James and F. E. Prichard, Longman.
3. Experimental Physical Chemistry: A Laboratory Prescribed Book, A. M. Halpern, G. C. McBane and W. H.
Freeman, 3rd ed., 2006.
4. Experimental Physical Chemistry, V. D. Athawale, New Age International, 2007.

COURSE OUTCOMES
The students will be able to
 Identify and estimate the polarograms.
 Determine pK value of indicator and stability of Iron complex.
 Organic Chemistry
COURSE OBJECTIVES
Students will learn
 Multistep synthesis of organic compounds.
 Isolation of compounds from natural products.

Experiment - 1 30
Experiment -2 30
Viva Voce 20
Record 20
Total 100

1. Multi-step Synthesis of Organic Compounds

The exercise should illustrate the use of organic reagents and may involve purification of the
products by chromatographic techniques. Prepreparation in steps: Benzophenone
BenzpinacolBenzpinacolone Beckmann rearrangement : Benzanilide from benzene, Benzene
Benzophenone Benzphenone oxime Benzanilide, Benzilic acid rearrangement : Benzilic acid
from benzoin, BenzoinBenzilBenzilic acid Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds Skraup
synthesis : Preparation of quinoline from aniline, Fisher Indole synthesis : Preparation of 2-
phenylindole from phenylhydrazine, Enzymatic synthesis Enzymatic synthesis Enzymatic reduction
: reduction of ethyl acetoacetate using Baker’s yeast to yield enantiomeric excess of S (+) ehtyl-3-
hydroxybutanoate and determine its optical purity. Biosynthesis of ethanol from sucrose. Synthesis
using microwave Alkylation of diethyl malonate with benzyl chloride. Synthesis using phase
transfer catalyst. Alkylation of diethyl malonate or ethyl acetoacetate with an alkylhalide.

2. Isolation
(a) Isolation of caffeine from tea leaves.
(b) Isolation of casein from milk (the students are required to try some typical colour reactions of
proteins).
(c) Isolation of lactose from milk (purity of sugar should be checked by LC and PC and Rf values
reported).
(d) Isolation of nicotine dipicrate from tobacco.
(e) Isolation of piperine from black pepper.
(f) Isolation of lycopene from tomatoes.
(g) Isolation of b-carotene from carrots.
(h) Isolation of eugenol from clove.
(i) Isolation of (+) limonine from citrus rind

Books Suggested
1. The systematic Identification of Organic Compounds, R.L. Shriner and D.Y. curlin.
2. A Practical text book by Singh and Yadav, Pragati prakashan.
3. Vogel’s Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS.
4. Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments, K. L. Williamson and D. C. Heath.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Students will gain knowledge of
 Multistep organic synthesis.
 Isolation of compound from natural products.