Genre
FAIR USE
comes from the French word meaning
'type' or 'class' Fair use means you can use copyrighted material
can be recognized by its common set of without a license only for certain purposes. These
distinguishing features (codes and include:
conventions)
• Commentary
• Criticism
• Reporting
CODES - are systems of signs, which create
• Research
meaning
• Teaching
CONVENTIONS - are the generally accepted
ways of doing something
CREATIVE COMMONS
• is an American non-profit organization
Types of Codes
devoted to expanding the range of
1. Technical Codes - ways in which creative works available for others to build
equipment is used to tell the story upon legally and to share. The
(camera techniques, framing, depth of organization has released several
fields, lighting and exposure, etc.) copyright-licenses known as Creative
2. Symbolic Codes - show what is beneath Commons licenses free of charge to the
the surface of what we see (objects, public.
setting, body language, clothing, color,
etc.)
3. Written Codes - use of language style TYPES OF PLAGIARISM: SOURCES NOT
and textual layout (headlines, captions, CITED
speech bubbles, language style, etc.)
1. "The Ghost Writer"
The writer turns in another's work,
Intellectual Property (IP) - refers to creations word-for-word, as his or her own.
of the mind, such as inventions; literary and 2. "The Photocopy"
artistic works; designs; and symbols, names and The writer copies significant
images used in commerce portions of text straight from a
single source, without alteration.
3. "The Potluck Paper"
The writer copies from several
TYPES OF IP
different sources, tweaking the
1. Copyright sentences to make them fit
• a legal term used to describe the rights together while retaining most of
that creators have over their literary the original phrasing.
and artistic works 4. "The Poor Disguise"
• books, music, paintings, sculpture and The writer has altered the paper's
films, to computer programs, appearance slightly by changing
databases, advertisements, maps and key words and phrases.
technical drawings 5. "The Labor of Laziness"
2. Patent The writer takes the time to
• an exclusive right granted for an paraphrase most of the paper from
invention other sources and make it all fit
• provides the patent owner with the together.
right to decide how or whether - the 6. "The Self-Stealer"
invention can be used by others The writer "borrows" generously
3. Trademark from his or her previous work.
• a sign capable of distinguishing the
goods or services of one enterprise
from those of other enterprises. TYPES OF PLAGIARISM: SOURCES CITED
4. Industrial Design (BUT STILL PLAGIARIZED)
• constitutes the ornamental or
aesthetic aspect of an article 1. "The Forgotten Footnote"
• may consist of three-dimensional The writer mentions an author's
features, such as the shape or surface name for a source, but neglects to
of an article, or of two-dimensional include specific information on the
features, such as patterns, lines or location of the material referenced.
color 2. "The Misinformer"
5. Geographical Indications and The writer provides inaccurate
Appellations of Origin information regarding the sources,
• signs used on goods that have a making it impossible to find them.
specific geographical origin and 3. "The Too-Perfect Paraphrase"
possess qualities, a reputation or The writer properly cites a source,
characteristics that are essentially but neglects to put in quotation
attributable to that place of origin marks on text that has been copied
• most commonly includes the name of word-for-word, or close to it.
the place of origin of the goods. 4. "The Resourceful Citer"
The writer properly cites all
sources, paraphrasing and using
quotations appropriately. The
catch? The paper contains almost
no original work!
5. "The Perfect Crime"
The writer properly quotes and
cites sources in some places, but
goes on to paraphrase other
arguments from those sources
without citation.
