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Experiment A4

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Deepansh Rishabh Kumar
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11 views

Experiment A4

Uploaded by

Deepansh Rishabh Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT NO A5

AIM: (to be written on right side )

To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into a voltmeter of
desired range (0 to 3 V) and to verify the same.

APPARATUS: (to be written on right side )

A galvanometer of known resistance and figure of merit, a battery eliminator, one way key, a
rheostat, a high resistance box, a voltmeter of 3 V range, connecting wires.

THEORY: (to be written on right side )

By connecting a high resistance of suitable value in series with a galvanometer, it is converted into a
voltmeter. Voltmeter is always connected in parallel with the electrical component across which
potential difference is to be measured. If a galvanometer (having resistance G) shows a full scale
deflection for a maximum current I g , the potential difference across the galvanometer is I g G. If the
converted galvanometer is desired to have a range V volt, then the resistance to be joined in series with
𝑽
galvanometer, is given by 𝑹 = − 𝑮
𝑰𝒈

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: (to be drawn on left side )

PROCEDURE: (to be written on right side )

1. Calculate the value of the series resistance R for given values of V , I g and G.
2. Make the connections as shown in Fig
3. Adjust the resistance from resistance box to be equal to R.
4. Close the key K and adjust the rheostat so that the voltage shown in the voltmeter is equal to
the desired range (say 3 V). Note the deflection of galvanometer.
5. Adjust the rheostat slider position and then note the reading of voltmeter and galvanometer.

OBSERVATIONS: (to be written on left side )


1. Resistance of the galvanometer, G (given) = 54 Ω

2. The figure of merit of the galvanometer, k (given) = 1.5 x 10 -5 ampere/division

3. Number of divisions on either side of zero of the galvanometer scale, N = 30 division

4. Current required for producing full scale deflection of N divisions, I g = k N = 45 x 10 -5 ampere

5. To convert the given galvanometer into a voltmeter of the range, 0 to 3 V

6. Total resistance taken out from the resistance box = 6613 Ω

7. k’ = V / N = 3/30 V/div = 0.1 V/div

8. Least count of Voltmeter = 0.05 V/div

OBSERVATION TABLE: (to be written on left side ) (these are sample readings)

Sr. Voltmeter n (galvanometer division) V’ = n k’ (volt) % error =


No. reading V [(V – V’)/ V ]*
(volt) 100
1 1.25 12 1.2 (1.25 – 1.2)/ 1.25
* 100 = 4
2 1 10 1 0
3 1.5 15 1.5 0
4 2 20 2 0
5 0.7 7 0.7 0
Mean Error = 4 / 5 = 0.8%

CALCULATIONS: (to be written on left side )

𝑽
Resistance to be connected in series with the galvanometer 𝑹 = − 𝑮
𝑰𝒈

R=
(to be completed by the student )

RESULT: (to be written on right side )

For the galvanometer of G = …..ohm and k = …… A/div , to convert the given galvanometer into a
voltmeter of the range, 0 to ... V

1. The value of the calculated series resistance, R = ...Ω


2. Mean error = ….% , Since the error is small conversion is verified.

(to be completed by the student )


PRECAUTIONS: (to be written on right side )

1. The resistance box used should be of high resistance.


2. The rheostat should be used as potential divider.

SOURCES OF ERROR: (to be written on right side )

1. Plugs in the resistance boxes may be loose or they may not be clean.
2. Parallax error has not been incorporated.

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