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Lab 8

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Lab 8

lab8

Uploaded by

mehadunnabi52
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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North South University

Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering


LAB REPORT
Course Code : EEE 363L
Course Title : EEE 363:Electrical machines
Course Instructor : SRD1
Experiment Number: 08
Experiment Name :

Study of the Starting Characteristics and Torque Speed Relationship of


Three Phase

Synchronous
Experiment DateMotor
: 08/12/22
Date of Submission: 18/12/22
Section : 02
Group :06
Submitted To: Md. Muhtasim Alam Chowdhury

• Md.Mehad Un Nabi Id-2022259643(Writer)


• Sharika Annan Raisa Id-2031488643
• Tajnimul Hossain Id-2111932643
• Kasro Miah Id-2022397643
Name of the experiment:
Study of the construction and starting characteristics of three phase
Synchronous Motor

Objective:
• To examine the construction of the 3 phase synchronous motor
• To obtain the starting characteristics of the 3 phase synchronous motor

Equipment required:
1. Synchronous motor/generator module.
2. Power supply module. .
3. Electrodynamometer module.
4. Ac ammeter module.
5. Ac voltmeter module.

Theory:
The motor which runs at synchronous speed is known as the synchronous
motor. The synchronous speed is the constant speed at which the motor
generates the electromotive force. The synchronous motor is used for converting
the electrical energy into mechanical energy.

The stator windings is connected to a three-phase alternating-current supply.


The effect of the stator current is to establish a magnetic field rotating at 120 f/p
revolutions per minute for a frequency of f Hz and for p poles. A direct current is
also applied on the rotor will also produce a magnetic field rotating at rotor
speed. If the rotor speed is made equal to that of the stator field and there is no
load torque, these two magnetic fields will tend to align with each other. As
mechanical load is applied, the rotor slips back a number of degrees with
respect to the rotating field of the stator, developing torque and continuing to be
drawn around by this rotating field. The angle between the fields increases as
load torque is increased. The maximum available torque is achieved when the
angle by which the rotor field lags the stator field is 90°.
A synchronous motor with only a field winding carrying a direct current would not
be self-starting. At any speed other than synchronous speed, its rotor would
experience an oscillating torque of zero average value as the rotating magnetic
field repeatedly passes the slower moving rotor. Normally, a short-circuited
winding similar to that of an induction machine is added to the rotor to provide
starting torque. The motor is started, either with full or reduced stator voltage,
and brought up to about synchronous speed, usually with the field winding short-
circuited to protect it from excessive induced voltage. The field current is then
applied and the rotor pulls into synchronism with the revolving field.

Circuit Diagram:

Procedure:
1. Using your three-phase synchronous motor/generator, Power supply and
AC ammeter, connect the circuit shown in diagram.
2. Set the dynamometer control nob to its full ccw position to provide a
minimum staring load for the synchronous motor
3. Turn on the power supply vary the voltage control nob for 415 volt
4. Close the switch S

Now measure and record line current and speed for different torque.
Data Table:
Torque(N-m) Current(A) Speed(Rpm)
0 0 1525
0.3 0.1 1525
0.6 0.2 1525
0.9 0.4 1525
1.2 0.33 1525

Graph:

Question Answers:

1. Damper winding (Squirrel case used in induction motor) and using external
motors can be used to start a synchronous motor. We have used squirrel cage
attached to the rotor to start the motor. When RMF is produced in the stator, EMF
is also induced within squirrel cage thus helps the synchronous motor to reach it’s
desired speed.

2. No

3. An external resistance is connected while starting a synchronous motor as an


induction motor. The resistance is decreased as the motor gains speed. When
synchronous speed is achieved, the external resistance is cut-off.

4. Difference between synchronous and induction motor:


• A three-phase synchronous motor is a doubly excited machine, whereas
an induction motor is a single excited machine.
• The induction motor has self-starting torque whereas the synchronous
motor is not self starting.

5. The synchronous motors operates at a constant speed which is synchronous


speed. As the torque changes, the speed remains same hence the torque speed
curve is a straight line.

Discussion:
So this far, We have learned the basics and working principle of a synchronous motors.
A synchronous motor runs at a synchronous speed determined by the magnetic fields
produced within the stator windings. The synchronous motor doesn’t rely on induction
current for working. In these motors, unlike induction motor, multiphase AC
electromagnets are present on the stator, which produces a rotating magnetic- field.
Here rotor is of a permanent magnet which gets synced with the rotating magnetic- field
and rotates in synchronous to the frequency of current applied to it. But it has a
disadvantage, it can not start by itself. To start this motor, we have used squirrel cage
also used in induction motors to rotate, which helps to give the motor to the synchronous
speed and it is cut-off from the rotor when reached at that speed.

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