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Muscular-System

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5 views

Muscular-System

Uploaded by

Najibah Casim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HUMAN

MUSCULAR
SYSTEM
By Mohammad Yusuf Sheik
NAMING & CLASSIFYING MUSCLE

01 02 03
Location of the Muscle Muscle's point of Action of the Muscle
Attachment
e.g. intercostal muscle e.g. flexor, abductor,
e.g. sternoradialis muscle extensor

04 05 06
Arrangement of the Shape of the Muscle Number of the
Muscle Muscle
e.g. deltoid muscle
e.g. external oblique e.g. triceps, biceps
muscle
A SURVEY OF HUMAN MUSCLE

A FACIAL MUSCLES

B CHEWING MUSCLES

C NECK MUSCLES

D TRUNK MUSCLES
FACIAL MUSCLES

Frontalis Orbicularis oculi


• covers the frontal lobe • muscle of the eye
• allows you to raise your • allows you to close your
eyebrow eyes, blink and wink
• allows you to wrinkle your
forehead
FACIAL MUSCLES

Zygomaticus Orbicularis oris


• extends from the • muscle of the lips
corner of the mouth to • closes the mouth and
the cheek bone protrudes the lips
• raises the corners of
the mouth upward
CHEWING MUSCLES

Temporalis Masseter
• fan-shaped muscle
overlying the temporal • closes the jaw by
bone clevating the mandible
• acts as synergist of the
masseter in closing the jaw
NECK MUSCLES

Platysma Sternocleidomastoid
• single sheet-like muscle • found on each side
• pulls the comers of the of the neck
mouth inferiorly, • when these muscles
producing downward sag contract they flex
of the mouth your neck
TRUNK MUSCLES

Pectoralis major Rectus abdominus


• large, fan-shaped • the muscles we
muscle covering the call "abs"
upper part of the • most superficial
chest muscles of the
abdomen
TRUNK MUSCLES

Intercostal muscle
• found deep Deltoid
between the ribs
• a fleshy, triangle-
• functions during
shaped muscle that
breathing
forms the rounded
shape of your shoulder
• site for injections
TRUNK MUSCLES

External oblique Internal oblique


• paired superficial • paired muscles
muscles that make deep to the
up the lateral walls external oblique
of the abdomen • same function
• rotate the trunk as the external
and bend it laterally oblique
TRUNK MUSCLES

Latissimus dorsi
Trapezius • large, flat muscle that
• the most superficial covers the lower back;
muscles of the extends the humerus
posterior neck and
upper trunk Gluteus maximus
• moves the scapula • forms most of the
flesh of the buttocks
TRUNK MUSCLES

Biceps brachii
• bulges when the elbow
is flexed

Triceps brachii
• antagonist to biceps
brachii
TRUNK MUSCLES

Sartorius Gastrocnemius
• the longest muscle • a two-bellied
of the body, muscle that forms
spanning both the the curved calf of
hip and the knee the posterior leg
joints
REQUIREMENTS FOR MUSCULAR CONTRACTION

Motor Unit

Neuromuscular junction
(NMJ)

Synaptic Cleft

Atimulus (acetylcholine)

Adenosine triphosphate
(ATP)

Calcium ions
MECHANISM OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION
MECHANISM OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION
MECHANISM OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION
BODY
MOVEMENTS
EXTENSION FLEXION

Increases the Decreases the angle


angle or distance of a joint and brings
between two two bones closer
bones together
ROTATION
Movement
around the
longitudinal axis
ABDUCTION ADDUCTION CIRCUMDUCTION
Combination of
Moving a limb Movement of a
flexion, extension,
away from the limb toward
abduction and
midline the midline
adduction
DORSIFLEXION AND INVERSION AND
PLANTAR FLEXION EVERSION

PF
IV EV
DF

Up and down Medial and lateral


movements of the foot movements of the foot
SUPINATION AND OPPOSITION
PRONATION

Movement of the
thumb to touch the tips
Lateral and medial of the other fingers of
rotations of the palm the same hand
CRAPMPS prolonged or severed muscular contractions

FATIGUE lactic acid accumulation

SPASMS result of a strong involuntary muscular contraction due to


impairment of blood supply or lack of oxygen
muscles become susceptible to nerve stimuli and constrict with
maximal vigor in response to a weak discharge

CONTUSIONS Injury of soft tissues due to kicks or falls


Hemorrhage in the injured part resulting to skin discoloration

MUSCULAR progressive weakness of the muscle


DYSTROPHY genetic disease due to some breakdown in metabolism or
probably to hormonal function breakdown
MYASTHENIA progressive muscular paralysis, abnormal exhaustiveness of
voluntary muscles involves face, lips, tongue, throat and neck
GRAVIS
accounts for the expressionless face and dropping eyelids

RHEUMATISM general term for diseases that cause pain in the muscle, joints,
tendon, bone, fibrous tissue resulting to discomfort and disability

MUSCLE rapid contraction and quivering of myofibrils


FIBRILLATION

RIGOR MORTIS stiffness and rigidity of the body after death due to muscle plasma
(protein coagulation or precipitation)

FIBROMYALGIA chronic, widespread pain in specific muscle site; numbness and


tingling in arms orlegs; headaches
cause unknown
treat symptoms - pain relief, stress reduction and muscle relaxers
TETANY sustained contraction caused by the hyposecretion of
calcium ions and an increase in sodium ions
marked by muscle twitching, cramps and convulsions

CONTRACTURES Tightening and shortening of a muscle resulting in a


permanent flexing of a joint

MUSCLE Muscles become weak and joints become stiff


ATROPHY
THANK YOU

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