Computer Applications CBSE Code 165

Hospital Management System - This software keep the records of all patients who visit
or admit in the hospital. It also used to calculate the total bill of a patient according to the
utilization of services.
5. Utility software is a computer software designed to help in the management and tuning of
operating systems, computer hardware and application software. It is designed to perform
a single task or a multiple of small tasks. Examples of utility software's include Disk
defragmenters, Compressor, Application Launchers, Backup Software and Anti-Virus.
Data Backup – Generally backup means making a copy of the data (stored in hard disc in
the computer). The backup utility software takes a backup of complete data and stores it in
some storage device. In future if the data gets lost this utility software also helps to recover
the data back.
Anti-Virus – Antivirus software perform a very vital role to keep the computer safe from
virus and other attacks. It cleans up all the virus and unwanted threats from the computer
by scanning.

D. Fill in the blanks.

1. Commands and Instructions 2. Commands 3. Word Processor
4. Database 5. Reservation 6. Anti-Virus 7. School Inventory Control
E. State true or false.
1. True 2. True 3. False 4. True 5. False 6. False
7. True

Chapter (4) – Computer Networking

A. Choose the correct answer.

1. (a) Computer 2. (d) All of these 3. (c) WAN 4. (c) Monitor
5. (c) Both (a) and (b) 6. (c) Optical fiber cable 7. (d) Straight Ethernet cable
8. (c) Wi-Fi 9. (d) ARPANET 10. (a) Modem 11. (b) Infrared
12. (c) Data 13. (a) Multimedia 14. (c) PAN 15. (a) Internet
B. Short answer type questions.
1. Modem is a device that is used to connect a computer on internet with the help of a
telephone line.
2. Communication media is a way through which a communication channel can be established
between devices to communicate and sharing the data.
3. An Ethernet cable is one of the most popular forms of network cable used on wired
networks. Ethernet cables connect devices on local area networks such as PCs, routers and
switches.
4. Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances from
fixed and mobile devices and building personal area networks (PANs).

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 Computer Applications CBSE Code 165

5. IR wireless is a wireless technology in the devices or systems that convey data through
infrared (IR) radiation.
Disadvantages:
i. Infrared communication span very short distances.
ii. Infrared signals cannot penetrate (come through) walls or other obstructions and work
only in the direct ‘line of sight’.
6. Interspace is a client/server software program that allows multiple users to communicate
online with real-time audio, video and text chat in dynamic 3D environments. Inter space
provides the most advanced form of communication available on the Internet today.
7. PAN is a computer network used for communication among computer devices close to one
person. Internet is worldwide network of computer networks, which is accessible to general
public.
8. Cloud computing is cost effective because you have to pay only for the services used for
not for the entire package. It is easy to flexible and access from anywhere since all the data
is stored on dedicated storage.
C. Long answer type questions.
1. Advantages of computer networks are :
i. Share printers and other peripherals to cut down the cost of individual equipment for each
machine
ii. Backups across the network of all machines with a click of a button or automatic to
ensure all the data are stored in case of fire or theft.
iii. Internet, Point Of Sale programs and accounting programs can be shared across multiple
computers for multi-user access
4. Sensitive files and programs on a network are password protected so that all the
information must be secured on the network.
iv. The main advantage of a computer network is that it allows a user to file sharing and
remote file access from one computer to another computer.
2. LAN - Local Area Networking is used primarily in small areas such as schools, hospitals
and office buildings. Local Area Networking is one of the older types of networks. TCP/IP
is used as the method of communication between computers in Local Area Networking.
MAN - Metropolitan Area Networks are not commonly used these days, they are used to
create communication between systems in an entire city. Hence a Metropolitan Area
Network area falls between the sizes Local Area Networks, and Wide Area Networks.
WAN - Wide Area Networks are used to connect server machines and computers across
countries for sharing the information and updates. Wide Area Networks, are used across
the globe, many networks connect with one another across countries to create one giant
Wide Area Network. Internet is the example of WAN.
3. Modem: Modem is a device that enables a computer to transfer the data through telephone
cables. The modem changes these digital signals to analog signals that can be transmitted
through the telephone cables.
Network Interface Card (NIC)/ LAN card: A Network Interface Card (NIC) is a computer
hardware device designed to allow computers to communicate over a network.

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 Computer Applications CBSE Code 165

Repeater: A repeater is a network device. It receives a signal and regenerates it. It then
transmits the signal at a higher level or higher power onto the other side. So, the signal can
cover longer distance without any change.
Hub: A hub is a component that duplicates the information and makes the data available to
all systems. A hub has multiple ports. When a data packet arrives at one port, it is copied
to other systems.
Bridge: A bridge is a device used to connect two local area networks (LANs) or two
segments of the same LAN that use the same protocol. It forwards data depending on the
destination address in the data packet.
Switch: A switch is a device used to transmit the data received from several input ports to
the specified output port, which in turn sends data to the receiver's system. It identifies the
output ports' addresses by using the MAC address in a LAN and by using the IP address in
a WAN.
Router: A router is a device used to forward the data packets. It finds a specified path to
send data through networks. It can be used to connect a LAN to a LAN, a WAN to a WAN,
or a LAN to the Internet.
4. a) The differences between wired and wireless network are –
WIRED NETWORK WIRELESS NETWORK
i) If you can see the network cable going i) Wireless networks sometimes connect
to a location, that location can be locations that you cannot visibly see.
connected to the network. Additionally, wireless networks might
not connect locations that you cansee
visibly.
ii) All of the nodes on a wired network ii) Many nodes on a wireless network
can hear all other nodes. cannot hear all of the other wireless
nodes on the same network.
iii) The presence of one wired network iii) One wireless network can affect the
has no effect on the performance of performance of other wireless networks.
another wired network.
iv) Wired network performance is not iv) Wireless network performance can be
affected by the atmosphere. affected by the atmosphere.

b) The differences between Co-axial cable and Ethernet cable are

Co-axial cable Ethernet cable
i) It is generally used by cable TV i) It is generally used to connect
companies to transmit TV signals from computer system, switches and modems.
antenna to TV sets.
ii) It consists of a center wire surrounded ii) It consists of 4 pairs of cross cables
by insulation and then a grounded shield (with different colours).
of braided wire.

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iii) Data is transmitted through the center iii) It can be used in two types: cross
wire, while the outer braided layer serves cable and straight cable.
as a line to ground.
iv) The ‘F connector’ (coaxial RF iv) It has an eight pin jack at the end to
connector) is used to connect coaxial plug into network.
cable with data receiving device.

c) The differences between Bluetooth and Wi Fi are

BLUETOOH Wi-Fi
i) Bluetooth technology is built into i) Wi-Fi is often referred to as "wireless
electronic gadgets and allows them to internet", because that's what it is most
connect directly with each other often used for, accessing the internet.
wirelessly.
ii) It is used to connect the devices on a ii) Wifi is used to connect the devices on
PAN network a LAN network
iii) Bluetooth allows devices to share the iii) Wi-Fi allows the devices to connect
files such as music, photos and allow over the internet.
speaking with wireless headset.
iv) Bluetooth provides a short range to iv) Wi-Fi single can be picked up to 300
connect the devices. (30 feet). feet to connect devices.

d) The difference between data and information are

DATA INFORMATION
i) Data is known as raw facts and i) Information that is complete in itself,
material.
ii) It is unprocessed information. ii) It is a processed data.
iii) It provides incomplete information. iii) It is the final output after processing
data.
iv) By using the data a user cannot take iv) Information helps a user to take
the necessary decisions. necessary decisions.

5. Optical fiber technology uses glass (or plastic) threads (fibers) to transmit data. A fiber
optic cable consists of a bundle of glass threads, each of which is capable of transmitting
messages modulated onto light waves.
Fiber optics has several advantages over traditional metal communications lines:
• Fiber optic cables have a much greater bandwidth than metal cables. This means that
they can carry more data.
• Fiber optic cables are less susceptible than metal cables to interference.
• Fiber optic cables are much thinner and lighter than metal wires.

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 Computer Applications CBSE Code 165

• Data can be transmitted digitally (the natural form for computer data) rather than
analogically.
Its advantages are:
• It is expensive than other wired media.
• It has higher installation cost.
6. We can use Internet in different ways. Some of the uses of Internet are given below:
i. E-mail and Chatting- You can send and receive instant messages (e-mails) using
internet. Various things such as pictures, videos, songs, e-cards can be added along with
email messages. Your messages are delivered instantly to people anywhere in the world,
unlike traditional mail that takes a lot of time. E-mail is now an essential communication
tools in business. It is also excellent way of keeping in touch with family and friends. The
advantages to email is that it is free (no charge per use) when compared to telephone, fax
and postal services. We can chat with our friends using ‘chat room’ and stay in touch with
the friends.
ii. News and Information- The internet provides facility to read different newspapers
online and get the information regarding various topics of our interest such as science,
technology, sports, education, etc. It also keeps us updated on current events. The Internet
is a virtual treasure trove of information. Any kind of information on any topic under the
sun is available on the Internet. The ‘search engines' on the Internet can help you to find
data on any subject that you need.
iii. Services- Many services are now provided on the internet such as online banking, bill
payments, job seeking and applications, and hotel reservations, railway and air tickets
booking etc. Often these services are not available off-line or cost more.
iv. Online Shopping- The internet is a very effective way to buy and sell products all over
the world. Along with getting information on the Internet, you can also shop online. There
are many online stores and sites that can be used to look for products as well as buy them
using your credit card. You do not need to leave your house and can do all your shopping
from the convenience of your home.
v. Communities- Communities of all types have sprung up on the internet. It's a great
way to meet up with people of similar interest and discuss common issues.
vi. Software Downloading- You can download free games, videos, software, educational
information and music from internet.
7. Multimedia means media or medium of communication that uses multiple forms of media
such as text, audio, images, video, animation and interactivity. Multimedia softwares are
computer applications which can process information. The information can be processed
in a number of media formats. The addition of animated images (for example, animated
GIF on the Web) produces multimedia, but it has typically meant one of the following:
• Text and sound
• Text, sound, and still or animated graphic images
• Text, sound, and video images
• Video and sound
• Multiple display areas, images, or presentations presented concurrently

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 Computer Applications CBSE Code 165

8. Multimedia may be broadly divided into linear and non-linear categories:

i. Linear active content progresses without any navigation control for the viewer such as a
cinema presentation.
ii. Non-linear content offers user interactivity to control progress as used with a computer game
or used in self-paced computer-based training. Hypermedia an example of non-linear content.
9. Some common file formats are:
Image: TIF, JPG and GIF and PNG
Audio: MP3, WAV, WMA and AAC
Video: MP4, WMV
10. Cloud computing is cost effective because users have to pay only for the services used for
entire package. Cloud computing provides easier and flexible access from anywhere since all
the data is stored on dedicated storage servers and applications are accessed online. It enhanced
the productivity of the business since they do not have to bother about maintaining
infrastructure required for using applications and data.
D. Match the following
1. d. 2. c. 3. e. 4. f. 5. b. 6. a.
E. Fill in the blanks.
1. LAN 2. WAN 3. Modem 4. Center wire 5. Crossover cable
6. 30 feet 7. Infrared 8. Hot spot 9. Meters 10. IrDA, Bluetooth 11. Modem
12. TIFF 13. 14. Hybrid, Complexity 15. Security and privacy, Lock in
F. State true or false.
1. True 2. False 3. False 4. True 5. False 6. True
7. True 8. True 9. True 10. True

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