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Answers to unit 10.docx

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zazafadel9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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YEAR 9 BIOLOGY

ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS UNIT 10.1 – 10.6


Unit 10.1 – What is excretion?
1. Excretion means getting rid of toxic waste products made in the cells of the body.
2. Egestion is the removal of undigested food(faeces) from the body.
3. Kidney
4. Urea is produced in the liver from the breakdown of excess amino acids. Urea is very toxic and can
damage body organs if not excreted.
5. The layer of fat around kidneys, protect their delicate structures from damage.

Unit 10.2 -The human excretory system.


1. Urine is an excretory fluid/ liquid produced in the kidneys and stored in the bladder.it contains
excess water, urea, and excess salts.
2. The kidneys filter the blood. Toxic waste products such as urea pass through the filters and are
removed from the blood.
3. Ureter: a tube that passes urine from each kidney to the bladder.
Urethra: passes urine out of the body.
4. Similarity: the kidneys and the bladder are parts of the urinary system.
Differences: the kidneys produce urine and the bladder stores the urine until it passes out of the
body.
5. The kidneys save water to keep the blood at the right concentration. If you drink a lot of water the
kidneys filter a lot of water out of your blood producing a dilute urine. If you don’t drink much
water the kidneys filter less water out of your blood, producing less volume of urine.

Unit 10.3 – who made the best model?


1. A physical model is a way to help predict or explain something which cannot easily be seen.
2. Strengths of Ejaz’s model: it is simple and gives an idea of how the kidneys work.
Limitations: it gives a misconception of how the kidney works because it is too simplified.
3. Fatima’s model shows a better way of how the kidneys work. The dried beans and peas are too
large to pass through the holes into the sieve.
Limitations: could not show how the blood is really filtered or parts of the urinary system.
4. They should have used simple filter set up.
5. 55%
Unit 10.4 - when kidneys go wrong.
1. People feel ill when their kidneys fail because toxic urea builds up in their blood.
2. * Was done in class.
3. In dialysis, a machine acts as an artificial kidney to filter the blood, removing urea and other waste
products just as healthy kidneys do.
The disadvantages of dialysis are:
a. It is expensive.
b. It takes many hours.
c. It has to be done several times a week.
Kidney transplant is done when a patient gets someone that has a close tissue match with him and is
willing to donate one of their kidneys. Doctors operate the patient and transplant the kidney.
The disadvantages of kidney transplant are:
a. Getting a matching donor is difficult.
b. The body might reject and destroy the new kidney.
c. The patient needs to take medicine every day to protect the new kidney.
*The advantage of a transplant is that the patient lives a normal life.

Unit 10.5 – kidneys work everywhere


1. Camels produce only 500 – 1000 cm3 of thick syrupy urine a day, while people produce 1500
cm3 of urine a day. A camel’s urine is more concentrated than that of humans. * see table
10.5.1(unit 10.5).
2.

Kangaroo rats camels

Hardly drink water because they produce enough Need to drink a lot of water.
water from the seeds they eat.

Their urine is so concentrated that the uric acid Their urine is less concentrated
forms crystals. and does not form crystals.

3. * Done in class.
4. Kangaroo rats and porpoise have adaptations that help each survive in its environment.
Kangaroo rats live in extreme dry conditions and have adaptations to survive with little or no
water while porpoise live in very salty water and have kidneys adapted to remove large quantity
of concentrated(salty) urine.
Unit 10.6 – Review
1. a. Excretion means getting rid of toxic waste products made in the cells of the body.
b. Carbon dioxide and urea.
c. Excretion helps us to remove toxic waste products from the body because if their concentration gets
too high, it damages other organs and may lead to death.
2. Urea is a toxic waste formed from the breakdown of excess amino acids.
b. In the liver.
c. The kidneys, ureter, bladder and urethra remove urea with excess salt and water from the body as
urine.
d. The organs are delicate and need to be protected from damage.
e. toxic means something harmful or poisonous.
3. Was done as a classwork and corrections made.
4. a. Th human excretory system.
b. It is also called the Renal system and the Urinary system.
c. the urinary system, filters the blood to remove toxic urea, excess water and other chemicals not
needed by the body.
5.

Part of the system Function


A. kidney Filters blood to remove toxic urea.

B. ureter Takes urine from kidney to bladder.

C. bladder Stores urine

D. urethra Takes urine out of the body.

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