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1. Why is electrostatic potential is constant throughout the 20. Write the condition under which the potential
volume of a conductor and has the same value as on its difference between the terminals of a battery and its
surface? emf is equal.
21. Write the S.I. unit of (i) electric field intensity and (ii)
Or electric dipole moment.
Why is the potential inside a hollow spherical charged 22. Two point charges q1 and q2 are placed close to each
conductor is constant and has the same value as on its other. What is the nature of force between the charges
surface? when q1 q2 < 0?
2. Do electrons tend to go to regions of high potential or 23. Which physical quantity has unit NC-1? It is a vector or
low potential? scalar quantity?
3. A charge 5m C is placed at a point. What is the work 24. Consider the situation shown in the figure below. What
required to carry 1 C of charge once round it in a circle are the signs of q1 and q2?
of 12 cm radius?
4. A hollow metal sphere of radius 5 cm is charged such
that potential on its surface is 10 V. What is the
potential at the centre of the sphere?
5. In a certain 0.5 cm3of space, electric potential is found 25. How much work is done is moving a 500 mC charge
to be 7 V throughout. What is the electric field in this between two points on a equipotenitial surface?
region? 26. What would be the work done if a point charge + q, is
6. How much work must be done to charge a 24 mF taken from a point A to the point B on the
capacitor, when the potential difference between the circumference of a circle drawn with another point
plates is 500 V? charge +q at the centre?
7. Why electrical conductivity of earth’s atmosphere
increases with altitude?
8. An uncharged insulated conductor A is brought near a
charged insulated conductor B. What happens to charge 27. An uncharged insulated conductor A is brought near a
and potential of B? charged insulated conductor B. What happens to charge
9. What is the meant by quantization of charge? and potential of B?
10. Give two examples of conservative forces in nature. 28. What does q1 + q2 = 0 signify in electrostatics?
11. What is dielectric constant of a metal 29. Draw an equipotential surface in a uniform electric field.
12. 5J work is done in moving a positive charge of 0.5 C
between two points. What is the potential difference
30. Name the physical quantity which has its unit joule
between these points?
coulomb-1. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity?
13. What is electrostatic potential due to electric dipole at
an equatorial point?
14. Define the term potential energy of charge q at a 31. Sketch the electric lines of force for two positive charges
distance r in an external electric field. Q1 and Q2 (Q1 > Q2) separated by a distance d.
15. Define the term ‘dielectric constant’ of a medium in 32. Draw two equipotentials due to a point charge.
terms of capacitance of a capacitor. 33. Two point charges 3 mC and -3 mC are placed at points A
16. An electric dipole of dipole moment 20 × 10-6 Cm is and B, 5 cm apart.
enclosed by a closed surface. What is the net flux (a) Draw the equipotential surface of the system.
coming out of the surface? (b) Why do equipotential surfaces get close to each
other near the point charge?
17. Why does the electric field inside a dielectric decrease
when it is placed in an external electric field? 34. Two charges of 5 nC and -2 nC are placed at points (5
cm, 0, 0) and (23 cm, 0, 0) in region of space where
18. An electrostatic field line cannot be discontinuous.
there is no other external field. Calculate the
Why?
electrostatic potential energy of this charge system.
19. Two electric field lines never cross each other. Why?

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35. Two particles have equal masses of 5.0 g each and 45. An electric dipole consists of two opposite charge each
opposite charges of +4.0 × 10-5 C and -4.0 × 10-5 C. They of 1 mC separated by 2 cm. The dipole is placed in an
are released from rest with a separation of 1.0 m external uniform field of 105 NC-1 intensity. Find the
between them. Find the speed of the particles when the work done in rotating the diipole through 1800 starting
separation is reduced to 50 cm. from its initially aligned position.
36. Can two equipotential surfaces intersect each other? 46. A 80 mF capacitor is charged by 50 V battery. The
Give reasons. Two charges -q and +q are located at capacitor is disconnected from the battery and then
points A (0, 0, -a) and B(0, 0, +a) respectively. How much connected across another unchanged 320 mF capacitor.
work is done in moving a test charge from point P(7, 0, Find the charge on the second capacitor.
0) to Q(-3, 0, 0)? 47. Find the angle between the dipole moment and the
37. Find out the expression for the potential energy of
electric held when the dipole placed in E has
system of three charges q1, q2 and q3 located, at r1, r2
minimum potential energy.
and r3 with respect to the common origin 0.
48. Find the equivalent capacitance of the following
38. A regular hexagon of side 10 cm has a charge 5 mC at network Here A = area of the each plate having distance
each of its vertices. Calcualte the potential at the centre d between them placed in air.
of the hexagon.
39. An infinite number of charges each numerically equal to
q and of the same sign are placed along x-axis at x = 1, x
= 2, x = 4, x = 8 m and so on. Find the electric potential
at x = 0.
40. Two charges 3 × 10-8 C and -2 × 108 C are placed 15 cm 49. Find the capacitance of a system of three parallel plates
apart. At what point on the line joining the two charges each of area A m2 separated by distance d1 and d2 m
is the electric potential zero? Take the potential at respectively. The space between them is filled with
infinity to be zero. dielectrics of constants K1 and K2.
41. (i) Depict the equipotential surfaces for a system of two 50. A parallel plate capacitor of 300 mF is charged to 200 V.
identical positive point charges placed a distance d If the distance between its plates is halved, What will be
apart. the potential difference between the plates and what
(ii) Deduce the expression for the potential energy of a will be the change in energy stored in it?
system of two point charges q1 and q2 brought from 51. 1000 drops of mercury of equal radii and possessing
infinity to the points with positions r1 and r2 respectively equal charges combine to form a big drop. What will be:
in presence of external electric field E. (a) The charge on the bigger drop.
42. A charge of 8 mC is located at the origin. Calculate the (b) Capacitance of bigger drop as compared to a smaller
work done in taking a small charge of -2 × 10-9 C from a drop.
point P (0, 0, 3) (in cm) to a point Q (0, 4, 0) (in cm), via a 52. Why is it not possible to make a conductor of capacity of
point R (0, 6, 9) (in cm). IF?
-9 53. Two thin conducting spherical shells are at a large
43. Point charges of 3 + 10 C are located at the two
distance apart. One having radius 10 cm carries a charge
vertice of an equilateral triangle of side 20 cm how
-9 of + 0.5 mF and the other of radius 20 cm carries a
much work be done to bring a test charge + 1.0 ´ 10 C charge of + 0.7 mC. Find the charge on each shell when
up to third corner of the triangle from an infinite connected by a conducting wire.
distance
44. Two point charges 4 × 10-9 C and -3 × 10-9 C are located
away? 54. A hollow spherical conductor of radius r is given a
0.10 m apart. At what point on the line joining the two charge q. Find the work done in moving a charge q0 from
charges is the electrical potential zero? Take the its centre to surface.
potential at infinity to be zero. 55. Find the electric potential at the surface of an atomic
nucleus (Z = 50) of radius 9.0 × 10-15 m.

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56. An electron falls through a distance of 1.5 cm in a 68. Calculate the capacitance of spherical capacitor
uniform electric field of value 2 ´ 10 N / C . When the
4 consisting of two concentric spheres of radii 0.50 m and
0.60 m. The material filled in the space between the two
direction of electric field is reversed, a proton falls
spheres has a dielectric constant of 6.
through the same distance, compare the time of fall in
69. Find charge appearing on each of the three capacitors
each case. Contrast the situation with that of ‘free under
shown in fig.
gravity’.
57. A small sphere of mass 1 g carries a charge of +6 mC .
The sphere is suspended by a string in an electric field of
-1
400 NC acting downwards. Calculate tension in the
string. What will be the tension if charge on the sphere 70. Find the charge supplied by the battery in the
were -6 mC ?
arrangement shown in fig.

58. Two charges + 10m C are placed 5.0 m apart.

Determine the electric field at (a) a point P on the axis of
dipole 15 cm away from its centre on the side of the
positive charge, as shown in Fig. 1(b). 27 and at (b) a
71. It is required to construct a 10 mF capacitor which can
point Q, 15 cm away from O on a line passing through O
and normal to the axis of the dipole as shown in fig.
be connected across a 200V battery. Capacitors of
59. An electric dipole consists of two charges of ± 0.1m C
1(b).
capacitance 10m F are available but they can
separated by a distance of 2.0 cm. The dipole is placed
5 withstand only 50 V. Design a combination which can
in an external field of 10 N / C . What maximum yield the desired result.
torque does the field exert on the dipole? 72. Four capacitors are connected as shown in fig
60. Explain what is meant by dielectric constant ? Give some
examples.
61. Explain the mean by electric like of force ? Give its two
important properties?
62. Define electron volt. Express it in joule.
63. Apply Gauss’s theorem to find an expression for the
electric intensity at any point due to a point charge.
C1 = 3m F , C2 = C3 = C4 = 9m F
64. When 1.0 ´ 10 electrons are transferred from one
12
(i) Determine the equivalent capacitance between A and
conductor to another, a potential difference of 10 V B.
appears between the conductors. Calculate the (ii) If a 4 volt battery is connected between A and B,
capacitance of the two conductor system. then how much total charge will be stored on the
65. Calculate capacitance of a potential plate air capacitor capacitors?
2
with area of each plate 1 cm and separation 1 mm. (iii) If the battery is connected between A and D, what
66. What is the area of the pates of a 2 farad parallel plate will bethe
73. Write theprinciple
total charge stored?
of Van de graaf generator.
air capacitor, given that the separation between the 74. Two capacitors of capacitance 6 mF and 12 mF are
plates is 0.5 cm? connected in series with a battery. The voltage across
2 the 6 mF capacitor is 2 V. Compute the total battery
67. A parallel plate capacitor has plate area 25.0 cm
voltage.
and a separation of 2.0 mm between the plates. The
capacitor is connected to a battery of 12.0 V(a) Find the
charge on the capacitor (b) The plate separation is
decreased to 1.00 mm. Find the extra charge given by
the battery to the positive plate.

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75. X and Y are two parallel plate capacitors having the 83. Find: (i) the equivalent capacitance and (ii) the total
same area of plates and same separation between the energy stored in the system of capacitors given in the
plates X has air between the plates and Y contains a network. The charging battery has an emf of 4 V.
dielectric medium of e r = 5
(i) Calculate the potential difference between the plates
of X and Y.
(ii) What is the ratio of electrostatic energy stored in X
and Y? [Delhi 2004]
84. In the figure shown, calculate the total flux of the
electrostatic field through the spheres S1 and S2. The
wire, AB, shown here, has a linear charge density, l,
given by l = kx where x is the distance measured along
the wire, from the end A.
-8 -8
76. Two point charges of + 3 ´ 10 C and - 2 ´ 10 C are
located 15 cm apart in air. Find at what point on the line
joining these charges the electric potential is zero. Take
potential at infinity to be zero.
77. An electric dipole is free to move in uniform electric 85. Calculate the equivalent capacitance between the point
field explain its motion when it is placed parallel to the A and B of the circuit given below. If a battery of emf 10
field and (ii) Perpendicular to the field. V is connected between the point A and B, calculate the
78. A point charge q is placed at O as shown is total charge in the circuit.
Va - Vb positive negative or zero. If q + is a
(i) Positive (ii) Negative charge?

79. Deduce an expression for the on capacitance of a 86. With the help of labeled diagram, explain the working of
parallel plate capacitor with air as the medium between a Van de Graff generator.
the plates. 87. Define the term ‘electric dipole moment’. Give its unit.
80. Two point charges 3 mC and -3 mC are located 20 cm Derive an expression for the maximum torque acting on
apart in vacuum. an electric dipole, when held in a uniform electric field.
(a) Calculate the electric field at the midpoint O of the 88. Sketch graph to show how charge Q given to a capacitor
line AB joining the two charges. of capacity C varies with the potential difference V.
(b) What is the force experienced by a negative test Prove that the total energy stored in a parallel plate
charge of magnitude 1.5 × 10-9 C placed at this point? 1
CV 2 .
81. Two charges 5 × 10-8 C and -3 × 10-8 C are located 16 cm 2
capacitor is
apart.
89. An infinitely long cylinder of radius R carries a uniform
(i) Calculate the electric field intensity at a point
volume charge density r Cm-3. Obtain expression for
mid-way between the two charges.
electric field at a point. (a) inside (b) outside the
(ii) At what point on the line joining the two charges is
cylinder.
the electric potential zero?
82. A 10 mF capacitor is charged by a 30 V d.c. supply and
then connected across an unchanged 50 mF capacitor.
Calculate (i) the final potential difference across the
combination, and (ii) the initial and final energies. How
will you account for the difference in energy?

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90. Capacitance of an air-filled parallel plate capacitor is 10 C ,C ,C

96. Three condensers of capacity 1 2 3 are joined in
mF. What will its capacitance become when it is half -
parallel. Calculate the equivalent capacitance.
filled with a dielectric slab of dielectric constant 4?
97. In derive an expression for the energy stored in a
parallel plate capacitor with air as the medium between
its plates. Air is replaced by dielectric medium of
dielectric constant. K how does it change the total
energy of the capacitor.
98. A spherical conducting shell of inner radius r1 and outer
radius r2 has a charge Q.
91. In the arrangement of capacitors shown here, the
(i) A charge q is placed at the centre of the shell. What is
energy stored in the 6 mF capacitor is E. Find the
following: the surface charge density on the inner and outer
(a) Energy stored in the 12 mF capacitor surfaces of the shell?
(b) Energy stored in the 3 mF capacitor. (ii) Is the electric field inside a cavity (with no charge)
(c)Total energy drawn from the battery. zero, even if the shell is not spherical, but has any
irregular shape? Explain.
99. Obtain the equivalent capacitance of the network in
figure. For a 300 V supply, determine the charge and
voltage across each capacitor.
92. Two charged conducting spheres of radii a and b are
connected to each other by a wire. What is the ratio of
electric fields at the surfaces of the two spheres? Use
the result obtained to explain why charge density on the
sharp and pointed ends of a conductor is higher than on
its flatter portions?
93. Four capacitors of values 6 mF, 6 mF, 6 mF and 2 mF, are
connected to a 6 V battery as shown in the

figure.
Determine the
(i) Equivalent capacitance of the network.
(ii) Charge on each capacitor.
94. Using Gauss’s theorem, derive an expression for electric
field intensity at a point due to
(i) a line of charge
(ii) a uniformly
(iii) a charged solid sphere
(iv) an infinite plane sheets to charge
(v) two parallel sheets of charge with charge densities,
s and - s .
95. Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel
plate capacitor.

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