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1.6 Inverse Functions

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19 views7 pages

1.6 Inverse Functions

Uploaded by

Sinda13
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

6 Inverse Functions

𝑓 (𝑥 ) → 𝑓 −1 (𝑥)

• The domain of 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) = The range of 𝑓(𝑥 )


• The range of 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) = The domain of 𝑓(𝑥)
• Not all functions has an inverse.
• An inverse function 𝑓 −1 (𝑥) can only exist if and only if the
function 𝑓(𝑥) is a one-one mapping.

Example 1:
Find the inverse of this function:
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 5𝑥 − 2

𝒍𝒆𝒕 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒚;
𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 2
𝑦 + 2 = 5𝑥
𝑦+2
𝑥=
5
𝑥+2
𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) =
5
Example 2:
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = √𝑥 + 1 − 5 for 𝑥 ≥ −1

(a) Find an expression for 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ).

𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑦;
𝑦 = √𝑥 + 1 − 5
𝑦 + 5 = √𝑥 + 1
(𝑦 + 5)2 = 𝑥 + 1
𝑥 = (𝑦 + 5)2 − 1
𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) = (𝑥 + 5)2 − 1

(b) Solve the equation 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) = 𝑓(35)

𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) = 𝑓(35)
(𝑥 + 5)2 − 1 = √35 + 1 − 5
(𝑥 + 5)2 − 1 = 1
(𝑥 + 5)2 = 1 + 1
𝑥 + 5 = ±√2
𝑥 = ±√2 − 5
𝑥1 = √2 − 5 𝑜𝑟 𝑥2 = −√2 − 5

𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 + 1 − 5
𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 → 𝑓(𝑥 ) ≥ −5 → 𝐷𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) ≥ −5
Question 5
7
𝑔(𝑥 ) =
2−𝑥

𝒍𝒆𝒕 𝒈(𝒙) = 𝒚
7
𝑦=
2−𝑥
7
2−𝑥 =
𝑦
7
𝑥 =2−
𝑦
2𝑦 − 7
𝑥=
𝑦
2𝑥 − 7
𝑔−1 (𝑥 ) =
𝑥
Question 7
(a)
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = (𝑥 − 4)2 + 5

𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑦;
𝑦 = (𝑥 − 4)2 + 5
𝑦 − 5 = (𝑥 − 4)2
√𝑦 − 5 = 𝑥 − 4
𝑥 = √𝑦 − 5 + 4
𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) = √𝑥 − 5 + 4

(b) Solve 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) = 𝑓(0)

𝑓 −1 (𝑥 ) = 𝑓(0)
√𝑥 − 5 + 4 = (0 − 4)2 + 5
√𝑥 − 5 + 4 = 21
√𝑥 − 5 = 21 − 4
𝑥 − 5 = 172
𝑥 = 172 + 5
𝑥 = 294
Question 11
2𝑥 + 8
𝑓(𝑥 ) =
𝑥−2
𝑥−3
𝑔(𝑥 ) =
2
Solve 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑔−1 (𝑥 )

𝒍𝒆𝒕 𝒈(𝒙) = 𝒚;
𝑥−3
𝑦=
2
2𝑦 = 𝑥 − 3
𝑥 = 2𝑦 + 3
𝑔−1 (𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 + 3

𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑔−1 (𝑥 )
2𝑥 + 8
= 2𝑥 + 3
𝑥−2
2𝑥 + 8 = (2𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2)
2𝑥 + 8 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 6
2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 6 − 2𝑥 − 8 = 0
2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 14 = 0
(2𝑥 − 7)(𝑥 + 2) = 0
2𝑥 − 7 = 0 𝑥 + 2 = 0
2𝑥 = 7 𝑥 = −2
7
𝑥=
2
Question 12
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 3𝑥 − 24 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≥ 0

𝐷𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑓 −1 (𝑥 )

𝑅𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 → 𝑓 −1 ≥ 0
1.7 The Graph of a Function and its Inverse

Example:

𝑓 (𝑥 ) = (𝑥 − 2)2 𝑓𝑜𝑟 2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 5
On the same axes, sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) and
𝑦 = 𝑓 −1 (𝑥), showing clearly the points where the curves meet
the coordinate axes.
𝒚 = 𝒇(𝒙)
𝒙 𝒚
2 0
3 1
4 4
5 9

𝒚 = 𝒇−𝟏 (𝒙)
𝒙 𝒚
0 2
1 3
4 4
9 5

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