Topics 3.7 – 3.

13: MCQ Practice

1. A student prepared an aqueous solution of Na2SO4 by dissolving 7.1 g of solid Na2SO4 (142 g/mol) in
enough water to make 200.0 mL of solution. What is the molar concentration of the Na + ions present in this
solution?

(A) 0.050 M

(B) 0.10 M

(C) 0.25 M

(D) 0.50 M

Step Description

Add a certain quantity of stock solution to a

1
250.0 mL volumetric flask.
Add distilled water to the flask until the final
2 volume of the solution is even with the
calibration mark on the neck of the flask.
Seal the flask. Invert the flask several times
3 to ensure that the solution is thoroughly
mixed.

2. A student follows the outline of the general procedure shown above in order to prepare 250.0 mL of
CuSO4(aq) in the laboratory. Which of the following quantities of stock solution used in Step #1 would
result in the formation of 250.0 mL of 0.150 M CuSO4(aq)?

(A) 25.0 mL of 1.40 M CuSO4(aq)

(B) 50.0 mL of 0.750 M CuSO4(aq)

(C) 75.0 mL of 0.600 M CuSO4(aq)

(D) 100.0 mL of 0.400 M CuSO4(aq)

3. In a certain experiment, a student dissolves solid calcium chloride in water in a beaker at room temperature.
Additional solid calcium chloride is added to the mixture in the beaker with continuous stirring until the
maximum value for the solubility of calcium chloride is achieved. This is known as a saturated solution. A
small amount of undissolved solid calcium chloride is present at the bottom of the beaker. The student drew
the particle diagram shown above to show the particles in a representative sample of this saturated solution.
Water molecules were intentionally omitted from the student’s diagram.

Which of the following best identifies the error in the student’s particle diagram?

(A) Chloride should be represented as particles instead of particles.

(B) Calcium should be represented as particles instead of particles.

(C) The diagram should contain twice as many calcium particles as chloride particles.

(D) The diagram should contain twice as many chloride particles as calcium particles.
4. The two particle diagrams shown above represent equal volumes of solutions in two different containers.
The solution represented in container #1 is 0.20 M NaCl(aq). Which of the following is most likely to
represent the solution in container #2?

(A) 0.10 M NaCl(aq) (C) 0.10 M MgCl2(aq)

(B) 0.40 M NaCl(aq) (D) 0.20 M MgCl2(aq)

5. The structural formulas of pentane and decane are shown above. A mixture containing equal numbers of
moles of pentane and decane was separated using distillation. Based on the diagrams shown above, which
of the following identifies the substance that would be initially present in higher concentration in the
distillate and correctly explains why that occurs?

(A) Pentane, because it has fewer C–C bonds to break

(B) Pentane, because it has a shorter carbon chain and weaker London dispersion forces

(C) Decane, because it has more C–C bonds to break

(D) Decane, because it has a longer carbon chain and stronger London dispersion forces
6. A chemist added a mixture of compounds Q and X at the top of a chromatography column filled with a
nonpolar stationary phase. When water was poured through the column as the mobile phase, the
components of the mixture moved at different rates through the column, as shown in the diagram above.
Based on the results of this chromatography experiment, which of the following choices indicates correct
comparisons of both solubility and polarity for compounds Q and X?

Solubility in Water Polarity

(A) Q is more soluble in water than X. Q is more polar than X.

(B) Q is more soluble in water than X. X is more polar than Q.

(C) X is more soluble in water than Q. Q is more polar than X.

(D) X is more soluble in water than Q. X is more polar than Q.

7. Which of the following molecules is least soluble in water?

8. The structural formulas of propane and 1-propanol are shown above. Which of the following choices
identifies the compound that is more soluble in water and identifies the strongest type of attractive forces
that are formed between the molecules of the compound and molecules of water?

Compound that is More Strongest Type of Attractive Forces Formed Between

Soluble in Water Molecules of the Compound and Molecules of Water

(A) propane London dispersion forces

(B) propane hydrogen bonding attractions

(C) 1-propanol London dispersion forces

(D) 1-propanol hydrogen bonding attractions

9. The structural formula of bromomethane, CH 3Br, is shown above. A pure sample of CH 3Br is analyzed
using the technique of infrared spectroscopy. Which of the following correctly indicates the type of
transitions associated with the absorption of infrared radiation by this sample?

(A) transitions in molecular vibrational levels

(B) transitions in molecular rotational levels

(C) transitions in electronic energy levels

(D) transitions in nuclear energy levels

10. The complete photoelectron spectrum of lithium (Li) in its ground state is represented above.
Which of the following represents the wavelength, in meters, of electromagnetic radiation that is needed to
remove an electron from the valence shell of an atom of Li?

(A) 1.9 × 10–8 m (B) 2.3 × 10–7 m (C) 1.3 × 1015 m (D) 1.6 × 1016 m

Sample Number Blank #1 #2 #3 #4 #5

Concentration of NiCl2(aq)
0.00 0.100 0.120 0.140 0.160 0.180
(M)
Absorbance at 433 nm 0.00 0.53 0.64 0.74 0.85 0.87

11. A student is given the task of making a calibration curve for NiCl 2(aq) for use in a spectrophotometry
experiment. The absorbance of five different solutions of known concentration is measured, and the data is
shown in the table above. Which of the following identifies the sample number (#1 through #5) that is most
likely to be associated with an experimental error and provides an appropriate explanation of the error?

Sample Number Associated

Explanation of the Error
with an Experimental Error
The cuvette into which the sample was placed
(A) #4
had some water droplets inside it.
The cuvette used for measuring the sample
(B) #4 had not been wiped clean before being
put in the spectrophotometer.
The cuvette into which the sample was placed
(C) #5
had some water droplets inside it.
The cuvette used for measuring the sample
(D) #5 had not been wiped clean before being
put in the spectrophotometer.
 Color Wavelength Range (nm)
red 625 – 750
orange 590 – 625
yellow 565 – 590
green 500 – 565

Wavelength ranges for several colors in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum are listed in the
table above. A student performs a spectrophotometry experiment to determine the concentration of a red dye in
a solution of red food coloring. The student measures the amount of light absorbed by a solution of the red food
coloring over a range of wavelengths. The data are plotted in the graph shown below.

12. Which of the following indicates the best wavelength setting for the spectrophotometer in this experiment
and explains why it is best?

(A) 550 nm, because the red dye will absorb significantly at this wavelength

(B) 550 nm, because this wavelength falls in the red region of the visible light spectrum

(C) 650 nm, because the red dye will absorb significantly at this wavelength

(D) 650 nm, because this wavelength falls in the red region of the visible light spectrum
 Sample Number Blank #1 #2 #3 #4
Concentration of K2CrO4(aq)
0.00 0.025 0.050 0.16 0.20
(M)
Absorbance at 411 nm 0.00 0.12 0.24 ? 0.95

13. A chemist prepared different solutions of K2CrO4(aq) of known concentration and measured the
absorbance of each solution at 411 nm using the same cuvette. Assuming that all lab equipment is
functioning properly and that no experimental errors are made, what is the most likely value that
should be recorded for the absorbance of the 0.16 M K2CrO4(aq) solution?

(A) 0.48 (B) 0.60 (C) 0.77 (D) 0.91