NSTP: CWTS Section 75

THE ENVIRONMENT
TION AND SOLUTION
AC

Why Should We Care?

 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the module, the students are expected to be
responsible and learn how to protect our environment.

Learning contents

1 2 3 4

Definition of Ecological Solid Benefits of Objectives of

Environment and Waste Ecological Solid Ecological Solid
Ecological Solid Management – RA Waste Management Waste Management
Waste Management 9003
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the module, the students are expected to be
responsible and learn how to protect our environment.

Learning contents

5 6 7 8

Methodology and The three R’s of Sources of solid Factors that

uses of five F’s Ecological Solid waste in a affect waste
Waste Management community generation
 INTRODUCTION
What is Environment? Urgent Environmental Issues:
It is perceived as the
immediate surroundings of an
individual. Our environment is Pollution, climate change,
home to various species and deforestation, etc.
resources that support human
life.
 WHY DO WE NEED TO CARE FOR
THE ENVIRONMENT?
It matters!!!
Environment plays an important
role in healthy living and the existence of
life on planet earth. It is the home for
different living species and we all are
dependent on the environment for food,
air, water, and other needs.
 IMPACT OF POLLUTION
Air and water pollution threaten human health and ecosystems

Main Sources of Pollution: The Effects of Pollution:

Vehicle Factories Industrial Respiratory Ecosystem Climate

emissions Waste Diseases Damage Change
CLIMATE Climate change is caused by

CHANGE
greenhouse gases and fossil
fuel combustion.

The Effects Include:

Extreme Rising Sea Threats to

Weather Level Species
 DEFORESTATION
Deforestation Impacts:
Deforestation is
caused by tree Habitat loss, decreased
cutting for biodiversity, disruption
agriculture and of the water cycle.
urbanization.
WHAT ACTIONS CAN WE
DO TO PRESERVE THE
ENVIRONMENT?
 WHAT ACTIONS CAN WE DO TO PRESERVE THE
ENVIRONMENT?

ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT
It is a zero-waste management through total recycling for
the community. Its main objective is to make the community
permanently and regularly clean, sanitary and litter less. It also
inspires and elicits maximum voluntary participation from almost
all of the people and various sectors of the community while
persuasively challenging the creativity skills and capabilities for
cooperation and unity.
ECOLOGICAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ACT
OF 2000 (R.A 9003)

This aims to manage solid waste in an

environmentally sound manner through
segregation, composting, recycling, re-use,
and proper disposal, led by Local
Government Units (LGUs) and community
participation.This also established the
National Ecology Center
4 MAIN
POINTS OF Considers waste as
RA 9003 1. a resource that can
be recovered

Source reduction and waste

minimization measures including

2. composting, recycling, re-use, recovery,

green charcoal process, and others
before collection, treatment, and
disposal in appropriate and
environmentally sound solid waste
management facilities in accordance
with ecologically sustainable
development principles. (Section2-C)
4 MAIN
POINTS OF
RA 9003
Ensure the proper segregation, collection,
transport, storage, treatment, and disposal
3. of solid waste through formulation and
adoption of the best environmental
practice in ecological waste management
excluding incineration”. (Section 2-D)

It empowers the LGUs to

create solid waste
4. management communities
even in the barangay level.
 WASTE AND RECYCLING
Types of Waste: Importance of recycling and
composting to reduce waste.

Recycling Tips:

Choose
Organic Inorganic Hazardous 1. Reduce
plastic
use
2. recyclable
products
COMMUNITY AND
GOVERNMENT ROLES
Community Programs: Government Policies:

1. Environmental
clean-ups 1. Environmental
regulations

2. Tree planting 2. Incentives for

renewable
energy
CONCLUSION
AND NEXT STEP
Protecting the environment is a shared Let’s commit to protecting
responsibility that requires action from our planet for a better
individuals, communities, and governments. future.

Every small step, such as reducing Join the effort to preserve

pollution, conserving energy, and the environment and be
supporting environmental policies, can part of the solution!
make a significant difference.
BENEFITS OF
ECOLOGICAL SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT
BY CUTTING DOWN ON LANDFILL WASTE, PRESERVING RESOURCES THROUGH
RECYCLING AND COMPOSTING, AND LOWERING POLLUTION, ECOLOGICAL
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ENCOURAGES SUSTAINABILITY. BY LOWERING
DANGEROUS WASTE-RELATED HABITS, IT PROMOTES ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSERVATION, LOWERS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, AND CAN IMPROVE
COMMUNITY HEALTH.
OBJECTIVES OF
ECOLOGICAL SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Sustainability and reducing the negative effects on the environment are
the main goals of ecological solid waste management. The key
objective includes Waste Reduction, Resource Recovery, Pollution
Control, Sustainable Land Use, Energy Conservation, Public Health
Protection, Community Engagment and Education, Economic Efficiency.
METHODOLOGY OF THE FIVE
F’S TOTAL RECYCLING
There are 2 types of Solid Wastes:

1. Non-biodegradable/Non-compostable - Factory returnable

items (e.g. dry paper, plastics, metals, glass, etc.)
2. Biodegradable/Compostable
Categories and Examples:
Feed materials: Food leftovers, fruit peelings
Fertilizer materials: Garden waste, animal waste
Fuel materials: Sawdust, rice hulls
Filling materials: Porcelain chips, unusable plastics
THE FIVE F'S OF
RECYCLING
1. Factory Recyclables – Materials that can be sold or
repurposed in handicrafts.
2. Feed Materials – Useful as animal feed or for composting.
3. Fertilizer Materials – Organic compost for enriching soil.
4. Fuel Materials – Used in cooking and as a renewable fuel
source.
5. Filling Materials – Unusable items for filling low areas and
construction use.
IMPORTANCE OF PROPER WASTE
MANAGEMENT
If compostable waste is not handled properly, it
can cause problems like:

Attracting pests such as flies and rats.

Raising the risk of spreading diseases.
Harming the environment, like lowering oxygen
levels in water, which can kill fish.
ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
OF DUMP SITES
Dump sites can cause several issues,
including:

High costs and pollution to maintain them

Challenges in controlling scavengers
More pollution, especially when it rains
Release of methane gas, which contributes to
climate change
 COMPOSTING AS A
SOLUTION
Benefits of Composting:
composting is a
Soil enrichment for
biological process
gardening.
breaking down organic Reduction of household
materials into soil-like pests.
products. Preservation of landfill
space.
TYPES OF SMALL-SCALE COMPOSTING
Twin Pits
Paso-Paso (Clay Flower Pots) Compost Garden
Backyard Compost Pile

THE THREE R’S OF SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT
Reduce – Minimize wasteful consumption.
Reuse – Repurpose items where possible.
Recycle – Transform waste into valuable resources.
SOURCES OF SOLID WASTE
IN A COMMUNITY
Household wastes – waste generated at the household level
Commercial-Industrial wastes – produced by talipapa,
plant mills, offices, restaurants, diners, and industries
(including those that produce paints, chemicals, and
sand).
Farm and Agricultural wastes – farm manure and crop
residues
Institutional wastes – produced by prisons, churches,
schools, and hospitals
Mining wastes – slag heaps and coal refuse piles
SOURCES OF SOLID WASTE
IN A COMMUNITY
Miscellaneous and Specialized wastes – garbage from
construction sites and demolitions, ash from incinerators
and solid fuel combustion, residues from sewage treatment
facilities, dead animals, and debris from natural
catastrophes (fires, typhoons, floods, etc.)
Hazardous wastes – wastes that may be hazardous or
deadly, persistent or non-biodegradable, and have the
potential to have harmful cumulative effects, making them
potentially dangerous to living things.
 FACTORS THAT AFFECT
WASTE GENERATION
1. The state of the national economy – as standards arise, there is a corresponding increase
in the quantity and quality of wastes

2. The lifestyle of the people – reflected in product marketing strategies, such as the visible
shift in consumer preferences toward pre-packaged meals, the rise in the usage of disposable
diapers, and the use of paper packaging layered with plastic.

3. The demographic profile of the population – The amount of waste produced increases
with the number of people living in a household.

4. The size and type of dwelling – Waste production is higher per capita among residents of
larger, more costly houses.

5. Age – Young consumers buy a different range of goods than their older counterparts.
 FACTORS THAT AFFECT
WASTE GENERATION
6. Religion – Islamic and primarily Christian countries have quite different consumer
preferences.

7. The extent to which the 3R’s are carried out – There is a concentrated effort to reduce
waste at the point of origin in areas where people are more concerned about the environment
overall.

8. Presence of pets and domestic animals - Pet-owning households frequently produce extra
garbage, including waste bags, food packaging, pet litter, and grooming materials. The quantities
and types of waste produced can also be influenced by the kind and quantity of animals.

9. Seasonal variations - Seasonal variations in consumption habits lead to variations in

producing waste. Holidays, for instance, frequently result in more food and gift packing waste.
More outdoor activities in the summer may result in a higher consumption of single-use items,
whereas food packaging waste may increase in the winter.
 FACTORS THAT AFFECT
WASTE GENERATION
10. Presence of laws and ordinances governing waste management - Waste
production and composition are directly impacted by regulations pertaining to
trash segregation, recycling, and disposal. Strict recycling regulations, for
instance, can lessen the quantity of recyclable garbage dumped in garbage
dumps, and plastics that are only used once restrictions can minimize the
amount of plastic waste generated.

11. Company buy-lack guarantees for used containers and packaging -

Companies that provide buy-back programs encourage customers to return
packaging instead of throwing it away, which lowers trash production. This is
frequently observed in sectors like electronics and beverages, where returns of
products and containers are encouraged.
THANK
YOU